热轧钢材百科

热轧钢材规格

2019-03-15 11:27:19

热轧钢材是经过高温加热轧制而成的钢材，它的强度不是很高，但足以满足我们的使用，它的塑性、可焊性较好，因此我们比较常用；冷轧钢是普通热轧钢经过强力拉拔超过应变硬化阶段的钢材，它的强度很高，但韧性、可焊性差，比较硬、脆！热轧低碳钢 Q/BQB 302 SPHCSPHDSPHE JIS G3131 SPHCSPHDSPHE 适用于制造冷成型加工的零件。 StW22StW23StW24 DIN 1614(EN10111) StW22 (DD11)STW23 (DD12)StW24 (DD13) 一般结构用钢 Q/BQB 303 SS 330SS 400SS 490SS 540 JIS G3101 SS 330SS 400SS 490SS 540 用于建筑、桥梁、船舶、车辆等一般结构件。 St 33St 37-2St 37-3St 44-2St 50-2St 52-3 DIN 17100(EN10025) St 33 (S185)St 37-2 (S235JR)St 37-3 (S235JO)St 44-2 (S275JR)St 50-2 (E295)St 52-3 (S355JO) 焊接结构用钢 Q/BQB 303 SM 400ASM400BSM 400CSM 490ASM490BSM 490CSM490YASM490YBSM520BSM 520C JIS G3106 SM 400ASM400BSM 400CSM 490ASM490BSM 490CSM490YASM490YBSM520BSM 520C 用于建筑、桥梁、船舶、车辆、石油罐、工程机械等要求焊接性能优良的结构件。 B520JJ --- --- 混凝土搅拌车筒体用热连轧钢板。 Welten590RE NSC Welten590RE 可焊高强度钢板，用于压力容器、油罐、工程机械、采矿机械、压力水管等。 B590GJAB590GJB --- --- 机械结构用钢 Q/BQB 303 C 22C35S 20CS 35C DIN 17200JIS G4501 C 22C35S 20CS 35C 用于经切削等加工并热处理后使用的机械结构件。细晶粒结构钢 --- StE255StE355 DIN 17102 StE255StE355 适用于焊接的细晶粒结构钢。钢管用钢带钢 Q/BQB 303 SPHT1SPHT2SPHT3 JIS G3132 SPHT1SPHT2SPHT3 用于焊接钢管。汽车结构用钢 Q/BQB 310BZJ 311BZJ 312BZJ 313BZJ 314 SAPH 310SAPH 370SAPH 400SAPH 440 JIS G3113 SAPH 310SAPH 370SAPH 400SAPH 440 用于要求成形性加工性能的汽车构架、车轮等汽车结构件。 QStE 340TMQStE 380TMQStE 420TMQStE 460TMQStE 500TM SEW 092(EN10149-2) QStE 340TM (---)QStE 380TM (---)QStE 420TM (S420MC)QStE 460TM (S460MC)QStE 500TM (S500MC) 冷变形用热轧粒钢，用于要求良好冷成型性能并有较高或高强度要求的汽车大梁等结构件。 B330CLB380CLB420CL --- --- 有良好冷成型性能，用于汽车滚型车轮轮网及轮幅。 B440QZRB480QZR --- --- 制造汽车传动轴管用。 B 320L B 550LB 510L B 420LB 510DL --- --- 汽车大梁、横梁用。锅炉及压力容器用钢 Q/BQB 320 HII19Mn6 DIN 17155 (EN10028-2) HII (P265GH)19Mn6 (P355GH) 除保证常温性能外，还保证较高温度下的力学性能，适用于蒸汽锅炉设备，较高工作温度的压力容器及类似结构件。 Q/BQB 320 SB410 JIS G3103 SB410 Q/BQB 321 B440HPB490HP JIS G3116 SG295SG325 焊接气瓶用钢板。船体结构用钢 Q/BQB 330 ABD LR,BVGL,DNV 及ABS 船规 ABD 可按各国船级社规范供货。耐大气腐蚀钢 Q/BQB 340 WTSt37-2WTSt52-3 SEW087 (EN10155) WTSt37-2 (S235J2W)WTSt52-3 (S355J 2G 1W) 用于制造集装箱、铁道车辆、石油井架、工程机械等要求耐大气腐蚀的结构件截流和燃料。 NAW 400NAW 490 NSC NAW 400NAW 490 B460NQRB490NQR --- --- 耐硫酸腐蚀钢 S-ten2 NSC S-ten2 用于制造含介质的容器等。耐海水腐蚀钢 Mariloy G 41AMariloy S 50A Mariloy G 41AMariloy S 50A 用于采油平台、船舶、海港建筑等结构构件。高耐候性结构钢 BZJ342 B480GNQR --- --- 用于制造车辆、集装、建筑及其它结构件。厚度方向性能热连轧钢板 Q/BQB 350 Z15Z25Z35 --- --- 钢板厚度方向性能有良好的抗层状撕裂性能，用于海上采油平台及其它要求厚度性能的结构件。表面硬化钢 Q/BQB 360 C 10C15 DIN 17210 C 10C15 高纯净低碳钢，供进行表面渗碳或渗氮后进行淬火硬化制造表层高硬度、耐磨、芯部具高韧性的结构件。 S09CKS15CK JIS G4051 S09CKS15CK 高韧性管线钢 BZJ 371 X60RLX70RL API 5L X60X70 供螺旋焊生产石油输送管用高韧性管线钢热轧宽带钢直缝焊接套管用钢 BZJ 372 J55 API 5CT J55 供制造直缝焊石油套管用花纹钢板 BZJ 390 BCP 270BCP 340BCP 400 --- --- 扁豆型花纹钢板自行车用热连轧宽带钢 BZJ 304 SPHT1Z,SPHT2ZSPHT3Z,SPHDZSM50BZ,SM53BZ --- --- 用于制造自行车上、下、后接头，前叉肩、前花盘、链条滚车把横管，中轴等零件管线用热连轧卷 GB 14164 S205,S240S315S290,S360,S385S415,S450,S480 API 5L Grade A,BX42,X46,X52X56,X60,X65X70 石油、天然气输送管用 1 、热连轧钢板产品简介：热连轧钢板、带产品，是以板坯（主要为连铸坯）为原料，经加热后由粗轧机组及精轧机组制成带钢。从精轧最后一架轧机出来的热钢带通过层流冷却至设定温度，由卷取机卷成钢带卷，冷却后的钢带卷，根据用户的不同需求，经过不同的精整作业线（平整、矫直、横切或纵切、检验、称重、包装及标志等）加工而成为钢板、平整卷及纵切钢带产品。由于热连轧钢板产品具有强度高，韧性好，易于加工成型及良好的可焊接性等优良性能，因而北广泛应用于船舶、汽车、桥梁、建筑、机械、压力容器等制造行业。随着热轧尺寸精度、板形、表面质量等控制新技术的日益成熟以及新产品的不断问世，热连轧钢板、带产品得到了越来越广泛的应用并在市场上具有越来越强的竞争力。一般说明热连轧钢板产品，钢种规格品种繁多，用途广泛，从一般的工程结构至汽车、桥梁、船舶、锅炉压力容器等制造，都得到大量使用。各种不同用途，对钢板的材质性能、表面质量及尺寸、外形精度等要求也各不相同，因此，必须对热轧钢板产品的品种、材质、特性及其用途有所了解，才能做到经济、合理利用。 2 、力学性能考虑要点力学性能名词术语（ 1 ）力学性能：钢板的力学性能式指钢板在受力作用下所显示与弹性或非弹性反应相关或涉及应力——应变关系的性能。抗拉强度、屈服点、伸长率及冲击吸收功是表示热轧钢板力学性能的主要指标。其大小表示钢材抵抗各种作用的能力的大小，是评定钢板材料质量的主要判据，也是钢板制件设计时选材和进行强度计算的主要依据。（ 2 ）力学性能实验：测定热轧钢板力学性能的实验主要有拉伸试验及冲击试验等。（ 3 ）屈服强度：试样在拉伸过程中，负荷不增加或开始有所降低而试样仍能继续伸长（变形）时的应力。钢材的屈服强度愈低，产生永久变形所需的力愈小，即愈容易成形加工。（ 4 ）抗拉强度：试样拉伸时，在拉断前所承受的最大应力。当材料所受的外应力大于其抗拉强度时，将会发生破裂，因此，钢板材料的抗拉强度愈大，则表示它愈能承受大的外应力而不断裂。（ 5 ）伸长率：试样在拉断后，其标距部分所增加的长度与原标距长度的百分比。伸长率的比数愈大，则表示材料在受力破坏前可以经受永久变形的性能（塑性）愈好；反之则塑性愈差。（ 6 ）冲击功（冲击吸收功）：冲击试验时，规定形状和尺寸的试样在冲击力一次作用下折断时所吸收的功，冲击功的大小，表示金属材料对冲击负荷的抵抗能力。冲击功愈高，则材料抗突然脆断的能力愈强。 3 、热连轧钢板产品的选用 1 ）力学性能与可成形性及使用性能的关系要使钢板获得所需的形状，必须使其永久变形，所采取的工艺可以是局部或整体弯曲、深冲、张拉或这些成型方法的组合。（ 1 ）薄钢板的屈服强度表示出成形后的可成形性和强度，对普通碳素钢板的成形，屈服点值过高，常常有可能发生过大的回弹、成形时容易破断，磨具磨损快以及由于塑性不良而出现缺陷。然而材料的屈服点小于 140Mpa 时，又可能经受不住成形过程中施加的应力，对用于较复杂或复杂成形加工或冲压加工的钢板，通常要求具有比较低的屈服强度值，而且屈服比值愈小，由钢板的成形性能愈好。（ 2 ）中厚板的冷态可成形性与材料的屈服强度和伸长率有直接关系。屈服强度值愈低，产生永久变形所需的应力愈小；伸长率值愈高，高的延展性可以允许承受大的变形量而不致断裂。（ 3 ）对用于建筑结构、桥梁及机械结构件的钢板，为防止构件断裂，要求钢板材料具有特点的抗拉强度，而为防止构件变形，又要求钢板材料具有一定的屈服强度，因此对这类用途的钢材都要求规定抗拉强度、屈服强度的最小值或范围值。（ 4 ）对用于承受冲击负荷变形，例如船舶、桥梁、石油、天然气管线用钢板，为防止其使用中发生脆性断裂，又要求其具有一定足够高的冲击韧性 - 冲击功值。 2 ）钢板品种类别的选用 . 热连轧钢板产品包括带（卷）及由其剪切而成的钢板。而钢带（卷）又可分为直发卷及精整卷（分卷，平整分卷及纵切带卷）。由于直发卷未经重卷，未切除钢带头尾尺寸变化部分并且未经矫直和平整，因此直发卷带有舌头和鱼尾，并且容易发生头尾厚度、宽度不均，边部浪形，折边、塔形以及开卷后出现折皱（腰折）等缺陷，因此对钢板的表面质量，板形要求比较高的用途而言，不宜选用热轧直发卷，而应选用经过精整线重卷、平整的平整卷。 5、“热轧带钢 ” １．产品：普通碳素结构钢钢带标准：（ GB/T3524-1992 、 GB/T8164-1993 、 QJ/HG02.22-1995 规格：厚度： 2.0 -5.0mm 宽度： 100 -230mm 钢种： HG5 、 Q215 、 Q235 ２．产品：优质碳素结构钢钢带标准：（ GB8749-1998 、 GB/T8164-1993 size="3"> ）规格：厚度： 2.5 -4.5mm 宽度：钢种： 10# 、 20# 、 45# 、 50# 、 40Mn 、 45Mn 、 65Mn ３．产品：自行车链条用钢带标准： QJ/HG02.15-1991 规格：厚度： 2.75 -4.5mm 宽度： 125 -205mm 钢种： ZL20MnSi 用途：焊接管用、工业链条用、自行车变速链条用、建筑机械、工具用、弹簧用（卷帘门弹簧、卡簧等） “ 冷轧带钢 ” １．产品：碳素结构钢冷轧钢带标准：（ GB716-1991 、 QJ/HG02.22-1995 ）规格：厚度： 0.5 -2.0mm 宽度：≤ 205mm 钢种： HG5 、 Q215 、 Q235 ２．产品：优质碳素结构钢冷轧钢带标准： GB3522-1983 规格：厚度： 0.5 -2.0mm 宽度：≤ 205mm 钢种： 10# 、 20# 、 40Mn 、 45# 、 50# ３．产品：自行车链条用冷轧钢带标准：（ QJ/HG02.15-1991 、 GB3522-1983 ）规格：厚度： 0.5 -2.0mm 宽度： 125 -205mm 钢种： ZL20MnSi 用途：工业链条用、自行车变速链条用、刀具用、家具用 “ 小型材 ” １．产品：圆钢（小轧股份公司生产）标准：（ GB699-1988 、 GB700-1988 、 GB3077-1988 、 GB702-1986 、 QJ/HG02.17-1991 ）规格： 10 -42mm （ 10 、 12 、 14 、 16 、 18 、 20 、 22 、 25 、 28 、 30 、 32 、 34 、 35 、 36 、 38 、 40 、 42mm ）钢种： Q215 、 Q235 、 45# 、 50# 、 HG3 、 20CrMnTi 、 20Cr 、 20CrMo 、 35CrMo 、 42CrMo 、 60Si2Mn 、 40Cr 用途：机械零件、轴、五金工具、齿轮用钢、标准件用钢等；螺铆、螺栓、轴、销、自行车、摩托车等配件２．产品：螺纹钢筋标准 :(GB1499-1991 、 BS4449:1988 ）规格： 10 、 12 、 14 、 16 、 18 、 20 、 22 、 25 、 28 、 32 、 36 、 40mm 钢种： 20MnSi 、 20MnV 、 25MnSi 、 BS20MnSi 。用途：建筑用材、包括可供高层建筑用材。（钢筋混凝土结构用）

热轧钢管知识介绍

2019-03-15 11:27:19

热轧钢管采用的是德国技术的制造设备及先进的涡流探伤设备；美国进口的清除内毛刺和冷缩径工艺设备，确保内壁光洁平滑无损伤及焊缝再处理；国内最先进的自动化天然气高温退火炉，退火温度达1000℃，彻底消除钢管制造过程中产生的内应力；国内最先进的排辊式制管及缩径设备；水压试验工序改为100％静水压常规工序，压力不低于60公斤，确保产品质量过关。设备完善的化学实验室、物理实验室、万能材料试验机、洛氏硬度仪等高端检验检测设备，为产品质量提高可靠保障。热轧钢管适用范围：本产品广泛应用于中低压流体输送管道，煤气管道、天然气管道、供水管道、污水处理管道、空调管道、消防管道、建筑工程、化工工程、石油管道工程、供热取暖工程及设备工程等是近两年开发的国家“九五”重点高新技术推广项目和国家“火炬”计划项目，适用于石油天然气工业。给排水工程、化学工业、电力工业农业灌溉、城市建设，也可用于气体输送管道用，并可做结构管使用，打桩、桥梁、码头、道路等通用。热轧钢管的材质：本产品材质为10#，20#，35#，45#，X42, X60, X80, Q235，Q295，Q345，也可根据客户需求自选材质。热轧钢管的标准：本产品依据API SPEC 5L石油天然气标准、API SPEC 5CT石油套管规范,GB/T8163-1999输送流体用钢管GB/T8162-1999结构用钢管标准。定尺长度：定尺长度为8000～12000mm±500mm，也可根据客户需求长度生产。热轧钢管可供应的规格型号：除下列规格型号外，也可根据客户需求生产非型号钢管。经过几年来厂家和客户的使用验证了我公司产品质量有可靠保障，是无缝钢管的替代产品，产品畅销全国20多个省、市、自治区，因质优价廉受到广大客户的青睐。

不锈钢热轧钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

不锈钢热轧钢板是用热轧工艺生产的不锈钢钢板。厚度不大于3mm的为薄板，厚度大于3mm的为厚板用于化工、石油、机械、船舶等行业制造耐蚀零件、容器和设备。其分类和牌号如下：　　1．奥氏体型钢　　(1)1Cr17Mn6Ni15N；(2)1Cr18Mn8Ni5N；(3)1Cr18Ni9；(4)1Cr18Ni9Si3；(5)0Cr18Ni9；(6)00Cr19Ni10；(7)0Cr19Ni9N；(8)0Cr19Ni10NbN；(9)00Cr18Ni10N；(10)1Cr18Ni12；(11) 0Cr23Ni13；(12)0Cr25Ni20；(13) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2；(14) 00Cr17Ni14Mo2；(15) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N；(16) 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N；(17) 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti；(18) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti；(19) 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti；(20) 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti；(21) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2；(22) 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2；(23) 0Cr19Ni13Mo3；(24) 00Cr19Ni13Mo3；(25) 0Cr18Ni16Mo5；(26) 1Cr18Ni9Ti；(27) 0Cr18Ni10Ti；(28) 0Cr18Ni11Nb；(29) 0Cr18Ni13Si4 　　2．奥氏体——铁素体型钢　　(30)0Cr26Ni5Mo2；(31)00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2；　　3．铁素体型钢　　(32)0Cr13Al；(33) 00Cr12；(34)1Cr15；(35)1Cr17；(36)1Cr17Mo；(37)00Cr17Mo； (38)00Cr18Mo2；(39)00Cr30Mo2；(40)00Cr27Mo 　　4．马氏体型钢　　(41)1Cr12；(42)0Cr13；(43)；1Cr13；(44)2Cr13；(45)3Cr13；(46)4Cr13；(47)3Cr16；(48)7Cr17 　　5．沉淀硬化型钢　　(49)0Cr17Ni7Al热轧板带钢工艺润滑的研究　　一热轧工艺润滑的主要作用　　1.1 降低摩擦系数，降低轧制力　　由于磨擦系数的减小，使轧制力降低，一般为可降低轧制力10%~25%，这样降低了轧制功率，节约了能耗，。　　1.2 减少轧辊消耗，提高作业率　　热轧条件下，工作轧辊面因与冷却水长期接触发生氧化，形成黑皮，这是造成轧辊异常磨损的主要原因。采用特殊的润滑剂能够有效阻止辊面黑皮的形成，延长轧辊使用寿命，减少换辊次数，提高轧机作业率。　　1.3改善轧后表面质量　　轧辊磨损的降低，黑皮的减少直接改善了轧后板面质量。　　1.4改善制品内部组织性能　　工艺润滑可以使轧后带钢的晶料组织得到改善，提高其深冲性能。　　1.5节能降耗　　采用工艺润滑后，热轧吨钢平均节电3度；酸洗酸液减少0.3~1.0kg；金属消耗降低1.0kg；轧辊的消耗能降低30%~50%。　　二热轧工艺润滑的机理　　通常热轧润滑剂是以油水混合液的形式被送到轧辊表面的，水是载体，少量的油均匀分散在水中。油水混合液的作用过程是水包油相向油包水相的转变过程。混合液体到达辊面后，以水包油的形式迅速地在辊面展开，当进入变形区与高温轧件接触时，由于温度和压力的作用，水很快蒸发并转变成油包水相，一部分油燃烧成以灰分为主的燃烧物；一部分油则以油膜的形式均匀地覆盖在轧辊与轧件的接触弧面上，两者在变形区内大约0.01s的时间内都能起到润滑的作用。　　三热轧工艺润滑剂的选用　　3.1 热轧工艺润滑剂的性能　　3.1.1良好且稳定的润滑性能　　3.1.2良好的润湿性和黏着性，能均匀地分散在轧辊表面并牢固地黏着。　　3.1.3高温下良好的抗氧化性和耐分解性，保证在与轧件接触前不产生燃烧和分解。　　3.1.4良好的抗乳化性和离水展着性。　　3.1.5无毒无味，同时分解中产生的气体也无毒无味，燃烧产物无毒，不污染环境。　　3.2热轧工艺润滑剂的组成及种类　　热轧油有水基和油基两种形式，目前大部分厂家采用油基热轧油。　　一般热轧油由基础油和油性剂两部分组成，基础油有矿物油、聚烯烃、酯类油；油性剂有动、植物油、脂肪酸、高级脂肪酸、合成脂、固体润滑剂等。　　四热轧工艺润滑对力能参数的影响　　生产中采用上述热轧油后，使得轧制压力显著降低15%~30%；轧辊消耗减少可达50%；节能减少近10%。　　采用不同类型的热轧油进行热轧普碳钢工艺润滑效果实验，测量轧制压力并与无工艺润滑的轧制条件的轧制力作比较，结果见下表　　表：不同类型热轧油的润滑效果　　热轧油类型轧制压力下降%　　Q-HB-1905 32.5 　　HR-40 21.2 　　Q-HB-11 20.8 　　脂肪油 40　　由表可看出，脂肪油表现出较好的降低轧制力的能力，但脂肪油也存在致命缺陷，如轧后钢板表面的清洁性较差；另外脂肪油在高温条件下油烟较重，恶化工作环境。另外不同种类的添加剂降低轧制压力也明显不同，影响效果如图所示五工艺润滑对轧辊磨损的影响　　采用工艺润滑可大大降低轧辊的磨损，热轧时轧辊应有足够冷却与润滑。通过现场对比试验，轧制带钢产量与轧辊磨损的关系在不同的轧制条件下有很大的差异，如图所示随轧制量增加，轧辊磨损加剧，由于磨损的不均匀性，将严重影响到轧后的板面质量，采用润滑后，轧辊磨损的速度要缓慢得多。　　采用工艺润滑后，轧辊磨损大大减少，沿辊身长度上的磨损也变得较为均匀，这样对热轧带钢的板形非常有利。下图为F1～F4 400连轧机组轧辊的磨损情况：　　实践表明，采用微量的润滑剂完全可以达到降低轧辊磨损的目的，轧辊的润滑效果及磨损程度并不是与润滑剂用量及浓度成正比，相反，润滑剂的用量过大，会造成打滑、轧件咬入困难，同时造成污染。　　六存在的问题　　热轧带钢采用工艺润滑后，使轧件的咬入条件发生变化,不利于轧件的顺利咬入,可以通过间歇供油的方式来解决。由于采用润滑后摩擦系数的下降，对板宽、板厚将产生很大影响，且不易控制，可在条件成熟时采用AGC厚度自动控制系统，对厚度精度进行有效控制，且能获得更加良好的板形。此外由于轧制油的燃烧，使工人恶劣的工作条件比以前有所加剧，车间油烟较大，需专设排烟系统。

热轧钢管生产工艺流程

2019-03-15 09:13:19

热轧是在再结晶温度以上进行的轧制。可以破坏钢锭的铸造组织，细化钢材的晶粒，并消除显微组织的缺陷，从而使钢材组织密实，力学性能得到改善。这种改善主要体现在沿轧制方向上，从而使钢材在一定程度上不再是各向同性体；浇注时形成的气泡、裂纹和疏松，也可在高温和压力作用下被焊合。热轧钢管生产工艺流程热轧无缝钢管的生产工艺流程包括坯料轧前准备、管坯加热、穿孔、轧制、定减径和钢管冷却、精整等几个基本工序。当今热轧无缝钢管生产的一般主要变形工序有三个：穿孔、轧管和定减径；其各自的工艺目的和要求为：热轧钢管生产穿孔将实心的管坯变为空心的毛管；我们可以理解为定型，既将轧件断面定为圆环状；其设备被称为穿孔机。对穿孔工艺的要求是：首先要保证穿出的毛管壁厚均匀，椭圆度小，几何尺寸精度高；其次是毛管的内外表面要较光滑，不得有结疤、折叠、裂纹等缺陷；第三是要有相应的穿孔速度和轧制周期，以适应整个机组的生产节奏，使毛管的终轧温度能满足轧管机的要求。 2.1.2 热轧钢管生产轧管将厚壁的毛管变为薄壁（接近成品壁厚）的荒管；我们可以视其为定壁，即根据后续的工序减径量和经验公式确定本工序荒管的壁厚值；该设备被称为轧管机。对轧管工艺的要求是：第一是将厚壁毛管变成薄壁荒管（减壁延伸）时首先要保证荒管具有较高的壁厚均匀度；其次荒管具有良好的内外表面质量。 2.1.3 热轧钢管生产定减径（包括张减）大圆变小圆，简称定径；相应的设备为定（减）径机。对定减径工艺的要求是：首先在一定的总减径率和较小的单机架减径率条件下来达到定径目的，第二可实现使用一种规格管坯生产多种规格成品管的任务，第三还可进一步改善钢管的外表面质量。 20 世纪 80 年代末,曾出现过试图取消轧管工序,仅使用穿孔加定减的方法生产无缝钢管, 简称 CPS,即斜轧穿孔和张减的英文缩写),并在南非的 Tosa 厂进行了工业试验,用来生产外径: ３３.４～１７９.８mm，壁厚 3.4～25mm 的钢管，其中定径最小外径为 101.6mm；张减最大外径我 101.6mm。经过实践检验，该工艺在产生壁厚大于 10mm 的钢管时质量尚可，但在生产壁厚小于 8mm 的钢管时通过定径、张减不能完全消除穿孔毛管的螺旋线，影响了钢管的外观质量。在随后的改造中不得不在穿孔机于定减径机之间增设了一台 MINI-MPM(4 机架)来确保产品质量。 2.2 各热轧机组生产工艺过程特点我们通常将毛管的壁厚加工称之为轧管。轧管是钢管成型过程中最重要的一个工序环节。这个环节的主要任务是按照成品钢管的要求将厚壁的毛管减薄至与成品钢管相适应的程度，即它必须考虑到后继定、减径工序时壁厚的变化，这个环节还要提高毛管的内外表面质量和壁厚的均匀度。通过轧管减壁延伸工序后的管子一般称为荒管。轧管减壁方法的基本特点是在毛管内按上刚性芯棒，由外部工具（轧辊或模孔）对毛管壁厚进行压缩减壁。依据变形原理和设备特点的不同，它有许多种生产方法，如表 1 所示。一般习惯根据轧管机的形式来命名热轧机组。轧管机分单机架和多机架，单机架有自动轧管机、阿塞尔轧机、

Q/BQB302-2003---冷成型用热连轧钢板及钢带钢材标准-钢材知识

2019-03-15 11:27:19

本标准与引用标准及国标相近牌号对照表表A.1Q/BQB 302-2003DIN1614－2 －86EN111－77EN10111 －1998JIS G 3131 －1996GB 710－91 /GB 711－88DD11（StW22） SPHCStW22FeP11DD11SPHC08DD12（StW23） SPHDRRStW23FeP12DD12SPHD08或08AlDD13（StW24） SPHEStW24FeP13DD13SPHE08Al附加说明: 本标准与DIN1614－2:1986、EN10111:1998和JIS G3131:1996的一致性程度为非等效。本标准代替Q/BQB 302－1999。本标准与Q/BQB 302－1999相比主要变化如下： —— 规范性引用文件中引用了Q/BQB300-2003、Q/BQB301-2003、GB/T 8170－1987； —— 按EN10111将牌号修改为DD11、DD12和DD13，并删除了牌号UStW23； —— SPHC、SPHD的公称厚度扩大为≤16mm，并增加相应的厚度允许偏差； —— 增加了表面处理方式和表面质量级别； —— 按EN10111修改了牌号DD系列的Mn含量规定，并将屈服强度参考值改为规定值； —— 增加了弯曲试验仲裁时的试样宽度； —— 对于热轧酸洗表面钢板及钢带，厚度扩大为≤6mm； —— 将钢带允许带有的缺陷部分不得超过每卷总长度“8％”修改为“6％”； —— 修改了力学性能和工艺性能的组批规定和复验规定。

热轧特点

2018-12-20 09:35:44

热轧特点是：　　(1)热轧能显著降低能耗，降低成本。热轧时金属塑性高，变形抗力低，大大减少了金属变形的能量消耗。　　(2)热轧能改善金属及合金的加工工艺性能，即将铸造状态的粗大晶粒破碎，显著裂纹愈合，减少或消除铸造缺陷，将铸态组织转变为变形组织，提高合金的加工性能。　　(3)热轧通常采用大铸锭，大压下量轧制，不仅提高了生产效率，而且为提高轧制速度、实现轧制过程的连续化和自动化创造了条件。　　(4)热轧不能非常精确地控制产品所需的力学性能，热轧制品的组织和性能不能够均匀。其强度指标低于冷作硬化制品，而高于完全退火制品；塑性指标高于冷作硬化制品，而低于完全退火制品。　　(5)热轧产品厚度尺寸较难控制，控制精度相对较差；热轧制品的表面较冷轧制品粗糙Ra值一般在0.5～1.5μm。因此，热轧产品一般多作为冷轧加工的坯料。

热轧镀锌

2017-06-06 17:50:08

热轧、镀锌是钢材的两种加工工艺方法，他们的原理完全不同。热轧（hot rolling）是相对于冷轧而言的，冷轧是在再结晶温度以下进行的轧制，而热轧就是在再结晶温度以上进行的轧制。热轧的优点：采用热轧可以提高生产效率、轧制速度，实现轧制过程的连续化和自动化；热轧能降低耗能和降低成本；热轧的金属塑性高，变形抗力低；能改善金属加工性能，消除铸造缺陷。热轧的缺点：非金属物被压会出现分层现象，使受压性能恶化；刚才的长宽尺寸不能控制，产品的精度不够；热轧的不均匀冷却会造成残余应力，变形、稳定性、抗疲劳性能会发生变化。镀锌是在装有镀件、玻璃球、锌粉、水和促进剂的旋转滚桶内，作为冲击介质的玻璃球随着滚桶转动，与镀件表面发生摩擦和锤击产生机械物理能量，在化学促进剂的作用下，将镀涂的锌粉“冷焊”到镀件表面上，形成光滑、均匀和细致的具有一定厚度的镀层。镀锌分为热镀锌和电镀锌两种。热镀锌也叫热浸镀锌和热浸锌，是一种有效的金属防腐方式，主要用于各行业的金属结构设施上。是将除锈后的钢件浸入500℃左右融化的锌液中，使钢构件表面附着锌层，从而起到防腐的目的。电镀锌，是利用电解设备将管件经过除油、酸洗、后放入成分为锌盐的溶液中，并连接电解设备的负极，在管件的对面放置锌版，连接在电解设备的正极接通电源，利用电流从正极向负极的定向移动就会在管件上沉积一层锌，冷镀管件是先加工后镀锌。

冷轧钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板，俗称冷板。　　冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。　　一般来说，冷轧钢板分为三代产品：沸腾钢为第一代，铝镇静钢为第二代，无间隙原子刚（IF钢）为第三代。您查询的关键词是：冷轧钢板。如果打开速度慢，可以尝试快速版；如果想保存快照，可以添加到搜藏。 "冷轧钢板""2,冷轧钢板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.56",,"2.5","6000x1200 7000x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","22.25""0.45",,"4.01",,"2.75",,"24.48""0.5",,"4.45",,"3.0",,"26.70""0.6",,"5.34",,"3.5",,"31.50""0.7",,"6.23",,"4.0",,"35.60""0.8",,"7.12",,"4.5",,"40.05""0.9",,"8.01",,"5.0",,"44.50""1.0",,"8.90",,"5.5",,"48.95""1.1",,"9.79",,"6.0",,"53.40""1.2",,"10.68",,"6.5",,"57.85""1.35",,"12.02",,"7.0",,"62.30""1.5",,"13.35",,"7.5",,"66.75""1.65",,"14.60",,"8.0",,"71.20""1.8",,"16.02",,"9.0",,"80.10""2.0",,"17.80",,"10.0",,"89.00""2.25",,"20.03""冷轧铜条""2,冷轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.20","200~400","500~800","1.78",,"2.50","200~500","500~2000","22.25""0.25",,,"2.23",,"2.75",,,"24.48""0.30",,,"2.67",,"3.00",,"1000~2000","26.70""0.35",,,"3.12",,"3.50",,,"31.15""0.40","200~500","500~2000","3.56",,"4.00",,,"35.60""0.45",,,"4.01",,"4.50",,,"40.05""0.50",,,"4.45",,"5.00",,,"44.50""0.60",,,"5.34",,"5.50",,,"48.95""0.70",,,"6.23",,"6.00",,,"53.40""0.80",,,"7.12",,"6.50",,,"57.85""0.90",,,"8.01",,"7.00",,,"62.30""1.00",,,"8.90",,"8.00",,,"71.20""1.20",,,"10.68",,"9.00",,,"80.10""1.30",,,"11.57",,"10.00",,,"89.00""1.40",,,"12.46",,"11.00",,,"97.90""1.50",,,"13.35",,"12.00",,,"106.8""1.60",,,"14.69",,"13.00",,,"115.7""1.80",,,"16.02",,"14.00",,,"124.6""2.00",,,"17.80",,"15.00",,,"133.5""注铜板和条(热轧,冷轧)的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4和TU和TUP,其化学成分应符合YB145-71规定""特殊用冷轧黄铜条""3,特殊用冷轧黄铜条(YB555-65)""厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)",,"厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)""0.20","200~300","500~1000","1.76",,"1.6","200~500","500~2000","14.08""0.25",,,"2.20",,"1.8",,,"15.84""0.30","200~400",,"2.64",,"2.0",,,"17.60""0.35",,,"3.08",,"2.5",,,"22.00""0.40","200~500",,"3.52",,"2.75",,,"24.20""0.45",,,"3.96",,"3.0",,,"26.40""0.50",,"500~2000","4.40",,"3.5",,,"30.80""0.55",,,"4.84",,"4.0",,,"35.20""0.60",,,"5.28",,"4.5",,,"39.60""0.70",,,"6.16",,"5.0",,,"44.00""0.80",,,"7.04",,"5.5",,,"48.40""0.90",,,"7.92",,"6.0",,,"52.80""1.0",,,"8.8",,"6.5",,,"57.20""1.2",,,"10.56",,"7.0",,,"61.60""1.3",,,"11.44",,"8.0",,,"70.40""1.4",,,"12.32",,"9.0",,,"79.20""1.5",,,"13.20",,"10.0",,,"88.00""注 (1)标记举例:用H80制成的,厚度为0.8mm,宽度为300mm,长度为1000mm的1/2硬条标记为:"" 条H80-Y20.8x300x1000YB555-65."" (2)冷轧条分为定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.""多面体的体积和表面积""多面体的体积和表面积""图形",,"尺寸符号",,"重心(G)""立方体",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方体∧棱柱∨",,,,"G0=h/2""三棱柱",,,,"Go=h/2""棱锥",,,,"Go=h/4""棱台""圆柱和空心圆柱∧管∨",,,,"Go=h/2""斜线直圆柱""直圆锥",,,,"Go=h/4""圆台""球",,,,"在球心上""球扇形∧球楔∨",,,,"Go=3/4(r-h/2)""球缺",,,,"Go=3(2r-h)2/4(3r-h)""圆环体∧胎∨",,,,"在环中心上""球带体",,,,"Go=h1+h/2""桶形",,,,"在轴交点上""椭球体",," a,b,c-半轴",,"在轴交点上""交叉圆柱体",,,,"在二轴交点上""梯形体""常用图形求面积,体积公式""常用图形求面积,体积公式""图形",,"尺寸符号","面积(F) 表面积(S)","重心(G)""正方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""三角形",,,,"GB=1/3BD CD=DA""平行四边形",,,,"对角线交点上""任意四边形""正多边形",,,,"在o点上""菱形",,,,"在对角线交点上""梯形""圆形",,,,"在圆心上""椭圆形",,"a·b-主轴","F= (π/4) a·b","在主轴交点G上""扇形""弓形""圆环",,,,"在圆心O""部分圆环""新月形",,,,"O1G=(π-P)L/2P","L d/10","2d/10 3d/10 4d/10","5d/10 6d/10 7d/10 ","8d/10 9d/10","P 0.40","0.79 1.18 1.56","1.91 2.25 2.55","2.81 3.02""抛物线形""等多边形",,," "," 在内,外接圆心处""冷轧黄钢板""4,冷轧黄钢板(YB460-71)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)""0.20","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","1.70",,"2.00","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","17.00""0.25",,"2.13",,"2.25",,"19.13""0.30",,"2.55",,"2.50",,"21.25""0.35",,"2.98",,"2.75",,"23.38""0.40",,"3.40",,"3.00",,"25.50""0.45",,"3.82",,"3.50",,"29.75""0.50",,"4.25",,"4.00",,"34.00""0.60",,"5.10",,"4.50",,"38.20""0.70",,"5.95",,"5.00",,"42.50""0.80",,"6.80",,"5.50",,"46.75""0.90",,"7.65",,"6.00",,"51.00""1.00",,"8.50",,"6.50",,"55.25""1.10",,"9.35",,"7.00",,"59.50""1.20",,"10.20",,"7.50",,"63.75""1.35",,"11.48",,"8.00",,"68.00""1.50",,"12.75",,"9.00",,"76.50""1.65",,"14.03",,"10.00",,"85.00""1.80",,"15.30""注 (1)冷轧软板仅供应H59,H62,H68,H80,H90,H96,HMn58-2,HPb59-1牌号.""(2)冷轧1/2硬板仅供应H62,H65,H68,H90,HMn58-2牌号.""(3)冷轧特硬板仅供应H62牌号.""(4)冷轧板材长度分为:定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.其通常长度为500~2000mm,但长度不得小于宽度.""特殊用冷轧黄钢板""5,特殊用冷轧黄钢板(YB555-65)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.52",,"2.25","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","19.60""0.45",,"3.96",,"2.50",,"22.00""0.50",,"4.40",,"2.75",,"24.20""0.55",,"4.84",,"3.0",,"26.40""0.60",,"5.28",,"3.5",,"30.80""0.70",,"6.16",,"4.0",,"35.20""0.80",,"7.04",,"4.5",,"39.60""0.90",,"7.92",,"5.0",,"44.00""1.0",,"8.80",,"5.5",,"48.40""1.1",,"9.68",,"6.0",,"52.80""1.2",,"10.56",,"6.5",,"57.20""1.35",,"11.88",,"7.0",,"61.60""1.5",,"13.20",,"7.5",,"66.60""1.65",,"14.52",,"8.0",,"70.40""1.8",,"15.84",,"9.0",,"79.20""2.0",,"17.60",,"10.0",,"88.00""注标记举例:用H90制成的,厚度为2.5mm,宽度为600mm,长度为1200mm的软板标记为:"" 板H90M2.5x600x1200xYB555-65.""铝及铝合金板""6,铝及铝合金板""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)"0.5,"1.40",,"2.5","7.00",,"9.0","25.2",,"25","70.0"0.6,"1.68",,"3.0","8.40",,"10.0","28.0",,"30","84.0"0.8,"2.24",,"3.5","9.80",,"12.0","33.6",,"35","98.0""1.0","2.80",,"4.0","11.20",,"14.0","39.2",,"40","112.0""1.2","3.36",,"5.0","14.00",,"16.0","44.8",,"50","140.0""1.5","4.20",,"6.0","16.80",,"18.0","50.4",,"60","168.0""1.8","5.04",,"7.0","19.60",,"20.0","56.0",,"70","196.0""2.0","5.60",,"8.0","22.40",,"22.0","61.6",,"80","224.0""注 (1)板的宽度有1000,1200和500mm;板的长度有2000,3000和4000mm."" (2)理论重量按LY11,LY12和LD10等牌号铝合金的比重2.8计算,对于其他牌号的铝合金和工业纯铝,应乘以"" 下列换算系数:LD2-0.961;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975;LC4-1.018;工业纯铝-0.967.""铅板""7,铅板(GB1470-79)""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)""1.0","11.37",,"3.0","34.11",,"5.0","56.85",,"9.0","102.33""1.5","17.06",,"3.5","39.80",,"6.0","68.22",,"10.0","113.70""2.0","22.74",,"4.0","45.48",,"7.0","79.59",,"12.0","136.44""2.5","28.43",,"4.5","51.17",,"8.0","90.96",,"16.0","170.55""注 (1)铅的化学成分按GB469-64标准."" (2)板材理论重量按比重为11.34计算,宽度按500mm进张."" (3)板材成卷供应,厚度大于15mm的板材,以片状供应,厚度不大于1.5mm的板材,应用木箱包装.""纯铜带"",纯铜带(YB464-64)""厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.05","18~150","≥20","0.44",,"0.50","18~300","≥10","4.45""0.06",,,"0.53",,"0.55",,,"4.90""0.07",,,"0.62",,"0.60",,,"5.34""0.08",,,"0.71",,"0.65",,,"5.79""0.09",,,"0.80",,"0.70",,,"6.23""0.10","18~300",,"0.89",,"0.75",,,"6.68""0.12",,,"1.07",,"0.80",,,"7.12""0.15",,,"1.34",,"0.85",,,"7.57""0.18",,,"1.60",,"0.90",,,"8.01""0.20",,,"1.78",,"1.00",,,"8.90""0.22",,,"1.96",,"1.10",,,"9.79""0.25",,,"2.23",,"1.20",,"≥7","10.68""0.30",,,"2.67",,"1.30",,,"11.57""0.35",,,"3.12",,"14.40",,,"12.46""0.40",,,"3.56",,"1.50",,,"13.35""0.45",,,"4.01""注纯铜带的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4,TUP,其化学成分符合YB145-71的规定.""铝带""9,铝带""宽度 (mm)","厚度 (mm)","3","4","5","6","8","10","12","重量 (kg/m)""10","0.080","0.107","0.134 0.161 0.268 0.335 0.402 0.536 0.670 0.804 1.072 1.340 1.608","0.161","0.214","0.268","0.322""12","0.096","0.129",,"0.193","0.257","0.322","0.386""15","0.121","0.161",,"0.241","0.322","0.402","0.482""20","0.161","0.214",,"0.322","0.429","0.568","0.643""25","0.201","0.268",,"0.402","0.568","0.670","0.804""30","0.241","0.332",,"0.482","0.643","0.804","0.965""40","0.322","0.429",,"0.643","0.858","1.072","1.286""50","0.402","0.536",,"0.804","1.072","1.340","1.608""60","0.482","0.643",,"0.965","1.286","1.608","1.930""80","0.643","0.858",,"1.286","1.715","2.144","2.573""100","0.804","1.072",,"1.608","2.144","2.680","3.216""120","0.965","1.286",,"1.930","2.573","3.216","3.859""注表中重量系以LY11,LY12,(比重2.8)为准,其他合金应乘以下列系数:"" L1~L6-0.967;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975.""热轧铜条""1,热轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""4.0","200~500","≥1000","35.60",,"8.0","200~500","≥1000","71.20""4.5",,,"40.05",,"9.0",,,"80.10""5.0",,,"44.05",,"10.0",,,"89.0""5.5",,,"48.95",,"11.0",,,"97.9""6.0",,,"53.40",,"12.0",,,"106.8""6.5",,,"57.85",,"13.0",,,"115.7""7.0",,,"62.30",,"14.0",,,"124.6""7.5",,,"66.75",,"15.0",,,"133.5""英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""(二)英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm""0","0.324","8.230",,"14","0.080","2.032",,"28","0.0148","0.376""1","0.300","7.020",,"15","0.072","1.829",,"29","0.0136","0.345""2","0.276","7.010",,"16","0.064","1.626",,"30","0.0124","0.315""3","0.252","6.401",,"17","0.056","1.422",,"31","0.0116","0.295""4","0.232","5.893",,"18","0.048","1.219",,"32","0.0108","0.274""5","0.212","5.385",,"19","0.040","1.016",,"33","0.0100","0.254""6","0.192","4.877",,"20","0.036","0.914",,"34","0.0092","0.234""7","0.176","4.470",,"21","0.032","0.813",,"35","0.0084","0.213""8","0.160","4.064",,"22","0.028","0.711",,"36","0.0076","0.193""9","0.144","3.658",,"23","0.024","0.610",,"37","0.0068","0.173""10","0.128","3.251",,"24","0.022","0.559",,"38","0.0060","0.152""11","0.116","2.946",,"25","0.020","0.508",,"39","0.0052","0.132"12,"0.104","2.642",,"26","0.018","0.457",,"40","0.0048","0.122"13,"0.092","2.337",,"27","0.0164","0.417",,"41","0.0044","0.112""刺钢丝""三)刺钢丝规格和重量""说明和用途",,"钢丝划号 (号)","刺间距离 (mm)","每kg长度 (m)","重量 (kg/km)""刺钢丝又名刺铁丝,俗称"花园铅丝"(因常作花园围墙篱笆之用,故名),系以镀锌钢丝经机器铰缠而成(一般用#12或#14钢丝制作).适于作各种围墙(尤其是公园围墙和临时建筑场地的围墙)篱笆或障碍物用.",,"12","65","6.4","156",,,"75","7.2","139",,,"100","7.9","127",,,"125","8.6","116",,"14","65","10.9","91.8",,,"75","11.5","86.9",,,"100","13.0","76.9",,,"125","14.0","71.4""注 (1)刺钢丝规格的注写方法为"钢丝直径(号数)x尖数x刺间距离",或"钢丝直径(号数)x刺间距离"."" (2)表列刺钢丝的"每kg长度"和"重量",仅供参考.""刻痕钢丝""四)刻痕钢丝规格和重量""直径 (mm)","断面积 (mm2)","重量 (kg/m)"," 抗拉强度 (kg/mm2)",,"屈服强度 (kg/mm2)",,,"I组","II组","I组","II组""2.5","4.90","0.034","190","160","152","128""3","7.06","0.056","180","150","144","120""4","12.56","0.094","170","140","136","112""5","19.63","0.150","160","130","126","104""注刻痕钢丝是由预应力混凝土结构用碳素钢丝(冷拔高强度钢丝)在经特制的"刻痕机"进行刻痕而制成的"" 预应力钢筋混凝土结构用的钢丝.""钢丝网""五)钢丝网规格和重量""号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)"20,"1.6","1.5",,"6","2.0","6.7",,"2.5","0.7","2.0",,"1","0.3","0.9","3.0","5.1",,"5.5","0.5","0.6",,"2.2","0.45","1.0",,,"0.35","1.2""18","1.6","1.7",,,"1.6","4.7",,,"0.6","1.6",,"0.9","0.25","0.7","3.0","5.7",,,"2.0","7.2",,,"0.8","2.9",,,"0.3","1.0""16","1.6","1.9",,"5","0.7","1.1",,"2","0.4","0.9",,,"0.4","1.6","3.0","6.3",,,"1.4","4.1",,,"0.5","1.3",,"0.8","0.22","0.6""14","1.4","1.7",,,"2.2","8.9",,,"0.6","1.9",,,"0.28","0.9","2.5","4.9",,"4.5","0.5","0.7",,,"1.2","6.0",,,"0.3","1.0""12","1.2","1.4",,,"1.0","2.3",,"1.8","0.4","0.9",,"0.7","0.2","0.6","2.5","5.7",,,"1.8","6.8",,,"0.5","1.4",,,"0.25","0.9""11","1.2","1.5",,"4","0.6","1.0",,,"0.7","2.6",,,"0.30","1.2","2.5","6.1",,,"1.0","2.6",,"1.6","0.3","0.6",,"0.63","0.22","0.7""10","1.0","1.2",,,"1.4","4.8",,,"0.4","1.0",,,"0.25","0.9","2.5","6.6",,"3.5","0.7","1.5",,,"0.45","1.3",,,"0.28","1.2""9","1.0","1.3",,,"1.0","2.9",,"1.4","0.30","0.7",,"0.56","0.22","0.8","2.2","5.7",,,"1.2","4.0",,,"0.35","0.9",,,"0.25","1.0""8","0.7","0.7",,"3.2","0.45","0.7",,,"0.65","2.7",,,"0.28","1.2","1.2","2.1",,,"0.9","2.7",,"1.2","0.28","0.7",,"0.5","0.22","0.9","1.8","4.5",,,"1.2","4.3",,,"0.35","1.0",,,"0.25","1.1""7","0.7","0.8",,"2.8","0.4","0.7",,,"0.4","1.3",,,"0.3","1.5","1.2","2.3",,,"0.7","1.8",,"1.1","0.28","0.7",,"0.45","0.2","0.8","1.8","5.0",,,"1.0","3.6",,,"0.35","1.1",,,"0.25","1.2""6","0.7","0.9",,"2.5","0.4","0.7",,,"0.40","1.4",,,"0.2","0.9","1.2","2.7",,,"0.5","1.1",,"1","0.25","0.7",,"0.4","0.25","1.3""钢板网""六)钢板网规格和重量""品种","规格 (mm)",,,,,,"每张大约重量(kg)","生产单位","丝梗厚度 h","孔眼宽度 T","丝梗宽度 b","节距 t","网面宽度 B","网面长度 L""小","0.5","9","1","25","1800","600","0.875","上海中国钢板网厂",,,,,"2000",,"0.875","0.6","9","1","25","1800","600","1.000",,,,,"2000",,"1.125","0.7","9","1","25","1800","600","1.125",,,,,"2000",,"1.250""网","0.75","9","1","25","1800","600","1.250",,,,,"2000",,"1.375","0.8","9","1","25","1800","600","1.375",,,,,"2000",,"1.500","1","9","1","25","1500","600","1.625",,,,,"1800",,"1.875",,,,,"2000",,"2.125""大","0.5","7","1.2","2.5","1800","2800","5.85","上海中国钢板网厂","1","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","11.70",,"9","1.2","25","1500","3000","7.95",,,,,"1800","3600","11.70",,"9","1.1","25","2000","4000","14.76",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","11.70",,,,,"2000","4000","14.60","1.2","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","14.04",,"9","1.2","25","1800","3600","14.04",,,"1.1","25","2000","4000","17.71",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","14.04""网",,,,,"2000","4000","17.71","1.5","11","1.6","40","1800","3600","17.55",,"17","2.3","65","2000","4000","22.14","2","17","2.3","65","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"22","3.0","75","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"27","3.8","100","2000","4000","29.52","3","36","4.6","115","2000","4000","44.28",,"45","6.1","150""钢丝纱""七)钢丝纱(窗纱)规格和重量""规格","面积(m2/卷)","重量",,"(kg/卷)","(kg/m2)""14目3x100","27.87","12.5","0.448""14目4x100","37.16","16.6","0.448""16目3x100",27.87,13.5,"0.484""16目4x100",37.16,"18.0","0.484""紫铜丝布""(八)紫铜丝布(紫铜纱)规格和重量""网孔目","铜丝线号","净重(kg/m2)",,"网孔目","铜丝线号","净重(kg/m2)",,"网孔目","铜丝线号","净重(kg/m2)""8","22","2.691",,"30","30","2.5116",,"65","36","1.9734""10","24","2.691",,"35","31","1.9734",,"70","36","1.9734""12","24","3.0498",,"40","32","1.9734",,"75","37","1.9734""16","26","2.1528",,"45","33","1.9734",,"80","37","1.9734""20","27","2.1528",,"50","34","1.9734",,"100","39","1.7940""24","30","2.1528",,"55","35","1.9734""28","30","2.3322",,"60","35","1.7940""黄铜丝布""(九)黄铜丝布(黄铜纱)规格和重量""网孔目","铜丝线号","净重(kg/m2)",,"网孔目","铜丝线号","净重(kg/m2)",,"网孔目","铜丝线号","净重(kg/m2)""8","24","1.5787",,"24","34","0.8611",,"50","38","0.6458""10","26","1.2375",,"26","34","0.8252",,"60","41","0.3947""12","27","1.2558",,"28","36","0.5386",,"70","42","0.3347""14","27","1.3276",,"30","36","0.5741",,"80","43","0.3767""16","32","0.6100",,"32","36","0.6100",,"90","43","0.4306""18","33","0.6100",,"34","36","0.6279",,"100","43","0.5023""20","33","0.7176",,"36","36","0.7176",,"110","44","0.3347""22","33","0.8611",,"40","36","0.4844",,"120","44","0.4485""铝及铝合金直角角型材""1,铝及铝合金直角角型材(XC111)""序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b"1,"12","1","0.234","0.065",,"25","25","1.3","0.734","0.204",,"49","38.3","5","3.590","0.998"2,"12","2","0.440","0.122",,"26","25","1.6","0.777","0.216",,"50","38.3","6.3","4.444","1.235"3,"12.5","1.6","0.377","0.105",,"27","25","2","0.964","0.268",,"51","40","2","1.564","0.435"4,"15","1","0.294","0.082",,"28","25","2.5","1.189","0.331",,"52","40","2.5","1.944","0.540"5,"15","1.2","0.353","0.098",,"29","25","3","1.410","0.392",,"53","40","3","2.320","0.645"6,"15","1.5","0.434","0.121",,"30","25","3.2","1.509","0.429",,"54","40","3.5","2.671","0.743"7,"15","2","0.564","0.157",,"31","25","3.5","1.641","0.456",,"55","40","3.5","2.694","0.749"8,"15","3","0.820","0.223",,"32","25","4","1.857","0.516",,"56","40","4","3.057","0.850"9,"16","1.6","0.429","0.119",,"33","25","5","2.242","0.623",,"57","40","5","3.750","1.043"10,"16","2.4","0.726","0.202",,"34","27","2","1.041","0.289",,"58","45","4","3.475","0.961"11,"18","1.5","0.524","0.146",,"35","27","2","1.090","0.303",,"59","45","5","4.277","1.189"12,"18","2","0.684","0.190",,"36","30","1.5","0.884","0.246",,"60","50","3","2.920","0.812"13,"19","1.6","0.585","0.163",,"37","30","2","1.164","0.324",,"61","50","4","3.857","1.072"14,"19","2.4","0.861","0.239",,"38","30","2.5","1.438","0.400",,"62","50","5","4.777","1.328"15,"19","3.2","1.125","0.313",,"39","30","3","1.720","0.478",,"63","50","6","5.655","1.572"16,"20","1","0.397","0.110",,"40","30","4","2.240","0.623",,"64","50","6.5","6.110","1.699"17,"20","1.2","0.473","0.131",,"41","32","2.4","1.491","0.415",,"65","50","12","10.600","2.947"18,"20","1.5","0.584","0.162",,"42","32","3.2","1.957","0.554",,"66","60","5","5.777","1.606"19,"20","2","0.764","0.212",,"43","32","3.5","2.131","0.592",,"67","60","6","6.855","1.906"20,"20","3","1.140","0.137",,"44","32","6.5","3.723","1.036",,"68","75","7","10.010","2.783"21,"20","4","1.475","0.410",,"45","35","3","2.005","0.557",,"69","75","8","11.360","3.158"22,"20.5","1.6","0.633","0.176",,"46","35","4","2.657","0.739",,"70","75","10","14.000","3.892"23,"23","2","0.680","0.245",,"47","38","2.4","1.773","0.498",,"71","90","5","8.750","2.433"24,"25","1.2","0.597","0.166",,"48","38.3","3.5","2.562","0.712",,"72","90","8","13.760","3.825""注 (1)铝及铝合金型材的尺寸,规格等摘自冶金工业部1970年颁发的《铝及铝镁合金挤压型材》."" (2)表内理论重量均按LY12合金比重(2.78)进行计算,其他材料的比重及换算系数如下:L1~L7(2.71)-0.975;"" LF2(2.68)-0.964;LF11(2.65)-0.953;LF21(2.73)-0.982;LD2(2.70)-0.971;"" LY11(2.80)-1.007;LY12(2.78)-1.000."" (3)铝型材主要生产单位有哈尔滨和西北铝加工厂等.西北铝加工厂的产品断面为100~400cm2,宽度小于530mm."" (4)铝及铝合金型材规格的表示方法是型材类别组号加序号,如XC111-4,其中,XC表示型材,后面的数字依次为"" 类别,组号,连字符后的数字为顺序号.""铝及铝合金直丁字型材""2,铝及铝合金直丁字型材(XC211)""序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"15","25","1","0.405","0.113",,"34","32","45","3","2.259","0.628"2,"19","50","2","1.378","0.383",,"35","32","48","2.4","1.874","0.521"3,"20","20","2","0.760","0.211",,"36","32","50","3","2.423","0.674"4,"20","30","1.5","0.740","0.206",,"37","35","32","1.5","1.000","0.278"5,"20","35","2","1.060","0.295",,"38","35","35","4","2.713","0.754"6,"20","37","2","1.117","0.311",,"39","35","40","2","1.468","0.408"7,"20","42","2","1.200","0.334",,"40","37","42","2","1.500","0.417"8,"20","42","2","1.240","0.345",,"41","38","44","5","3.910","1.087"9,"20","45","2","1.860","0.517",,"42","38","50","3.5","3.026","0.841"10,"20","90","2","2.160","0.600",,"43","38","50","4.8","3.990","1.109"11,"21","53","1.8","1.300","0.361",,"44","39","75","5","5.510","1.532"12,"22","48","1.4","1.960","0.267",,"45","40","36","5","3.350","0.933"13,"25","29","1.6","0.847","0.25",,"46","40","45","3","2.479","0.689"14,"25","35","1.5","0.890","0.247",,"47","40","45","4","3.274","0.910"15,"25","38","2.5","1.510","0.420",,"48","40","68","3","3.300","0.917"16,"25","40","2","1.280","0.356",,"49","40","130","6","9.840","2.736"17,"25","45","2.5","1.726","0.480",,"50","42","64","4","4.100","1.140"18,"25","45","3","2.019","0.561",,"51","45","40","2.2","1.860","0.517"19,"25","45","4","2.708","0.753",,"52","50","70","4","4.640","1.300"20,"25","48","1.4","1.012","0.288",,"53","51","51","2.4","2.443","0.679"21,"25","48","1.5","1.082","0.301",,"54","54","50","3","3.040","0.845"22,"25","50","2","1.499","0.417",,"55","54","68","3","3.608","1.003"23,"25","50","2.5","1.851","0.515",,"56","64","50","5","5.781","1.607"24,"26","38","2.5","1.554","0.432",,"57","63","50","2","2.320","0.645"25,"27","70","2","1.920","0.534",,"58","70","37","2","2.100","0.584"26,"29","38","1.6","1.055","0.293",,"59","70","55","2","2.460","0.684"27,"29","58","2.5","2.180","0.606",,"60","74","66","6","8.080","2.246"28,"29","58","3.5","2.991","0.831",,"61","75","40","3","3.400","0.945"29,"30","40","1.5","1.040","0.289",,"62","80","50","2","2.560","0.712"30,"30","40","2","1.370","0.381",,"63","80","60","3","4.110","1.143"31,"30","45","3","2.150","0.597",,"64","83","50","3","3.953","1.099"32,"30","56","4","3.280","0.912",,"65","90","77","10","15.700","4.365"33,"30","68","6.5","6.100","1.696""热轧铜板""1,热轧铜板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度 (mm)",,,,,,,,"理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)","600~900","1000~1200","1300~1500","1600~1800","1900~2200","2300~2500","2600~2800","2900~3000","最大长度 (mm)""5.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"44.50""5.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"48.95""6.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"53.40""6.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"57.85""7.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"62.30""7.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"66.75""8.0","4000","5000","6000","5500","4800","4200","3700","3500","71.20""9.0","4000","5000","6000","5000","4200","3700","3300","3100","80.10""10.0","4000","5000","5500","4500","3800","3300","3000","3000","89.0""11.0","4000","5000","5000","4000","3400","3300","2800",,"97.9""12.0","4000","5000","4500","3800","3100","2800",,,"106.8""13.0","4000","5000","4000","3600","2900",,,,"115.7""14.0","4000","4500","3800","3300","2700",,,,"124.6""15.0","4500","4300","3600","3100","2500",,,,"133.5""16.0","4500","4300","3400","2000","2400",,,,"142.4""17.0","4500","4000","3200","2700","2200",,,,"151.3""18.0","4500","3900","3000","2600",,,,,"160.2""19.0","4500","3700","2800","2400",,,,,"169.1""20.0","4500","3500","2600","2300",,,,,"178.0""21.0","4000","3300","2500","2200",,,,,"186.9""22.0","4000","3000","2400","2100",,,,,"195.8""23.0","4000","3000","2400","2000",,,,,"204.7""24.0","3500","2800","2200","1900",,,,,"213.6""25.0","3500","2800","2000","1800",,,,,"222.5""注热轧板的宽度按100mm进级.""铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材(XC511)""序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积 (mm2)","理论重量 (kg/m)","H","B","b"1,"23","38","1.2","1.178","0.327"2,"26","34.5","3.5","3.157","0.875"3,"57","48","8","11.000","3.058"4,"68","38","2.5","3.509","0.976"5,"86","60","6","11.600","3.225""铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材(XC411)""序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"12.7","15.9","1.6","0.688","0.191",,11,"38","25","3","2.613","0.726"2,"20","15","1.2","0.578","0.163",,12,"44","25","4","3.690","1.001"3,"20","15","1.5","0.721","0.200",,13,"50","19","2.5","2.102","0.584"4,"25","18","1.5","0.885","0.246",,14,"80","30","3","4.020","1.118"5,"25","23","3.5","2.267","0.630",,15,"80","35","4","5.680","1.579"6,"31","25","2.5","1.900","0.528",,16,"80","40","4","6.080","1.690"7,"32","14","1.9","1.000","0.303",,17,"100","30","3","4.620","1.284"8,"34","25","3.5","2.764","0.768",,18,"100","35","4","6.480","1.801"9,"36","26","2.5","2.075","0.577",,19,"100","40","4","6.880","1.913"10,"36","31.5","3.2","2.960","0.823""铝及铝合金槽形型材""3,铝及铝合金槽形型材(XC311)""序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"13","13","1.6","0.561","0.156",,"31","45","40","3","3.638","1.011"2,"13","34","3.5","2.579","0.717",,"32","46","25","5","4.300","1.195"3,"20","15","1.3","0.620","0.172",,"33","50","20","4","5.331","0.926"4,"21","28","4","2.868","0.797",,"34","50","30","2","2.120","0.589"5,"25","13","2.4","1.134","0.315",,"35","50","30","4","4.131","1.148"6,"25","15","1.5","0.795","0.221",,"36","55","25","5","4.819","1.340"7,"25","18","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"37","55","30","3","3.299","0.917"8,"25","18","2","1.140","0.317",,"38","60","25","4","4.131","1.148"9,"25","20","2.5","1.520","0.423",,"39","60","35","5","6.000","1.668"10,"25","20","4","2.280","0.634",,"40","60","40","4","4.480","1.245"11,"25","25","5","3.250","0.904",,"41","63","38.3","4.8","6.275","1.744"12,"30","15","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"42","64","38","4","5.300","1.473"13,"30","18","1.5","0.960","0.267",,"43","70","25","3","3.449","0.959"14,"30","20","2","1.335","0.371",,"44","70","25","5","5.500","1.529"15,"30","22","6","3.870","1.076",,"45","70","26","3.2","3.700","1.028"16,"32","25","1.8","1.437","0.399",,"46","70","30","4","4.931","1.371"17,"32","25","2.5","1.925","0.535",,"47","70","40","5","7.080","1.968"18,"35","20","2.5","1.770","0.492",,"48","75","45","5","7.831","2.177"19,"35","30","2","1.833","0.510",,"49","80","30","4.5","6.010","1.671"20,"38","50","5","6.560","1.824",,"50","80","35","4.5","6.414","1.783"21,"40","18","2","1.453","0.404",,"51","80","35","6","8.280","2.302"22,"40","18","2.5","1.795","0.499",,"52","80","40","4","6.131","1.704"23,"40","18","3","2.129","0.592",,"53","80","40","6","8.900","2.474"24,"40","21","4","2.960","0.823",,"54","80","60","4","7.480","2.079"25,"40","25","2","1.730","0.481",,"55","90","50","6","10.680","2.969"26,"40","25","3","2.549","0.709",,"56","100","40","6","10.080","2.802"27,"40","30","3.5","3.250","0.904",,"57","100","48","6.3","11.550","3.211"28,"40","32","3","2.978","0.828",,"58","100","50","5","9.580","2.663"29,"40","50","4","5.280","1.468",,"59","128","40","9","17.100","4.754"30,"45","20","3","2.370","0.659""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管1""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁厚 (mm)","0.25","0.30","0.40","0.50","0.60","0.80","1.0","1.2",1.4,"1.5",1.6,1.8,"2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","钢管理论重量 (kg/m)""50",,,,,,,"1.21","1.44","1.68","1.79","1.91","2.14","2.37","2.59","2.93","3.25","3.48","3.70","4.01","4.54","5.05","5.55""(51)",,,,,,,"1.23","1.47","1.71","1.83","1.96","2.18","2.42","2.64","2.99","3.32","3.55","3.79","4.10","4.64","5.16","5.67""53",,,,,,,"1.28","1.53","1.78","1.91","2.03","2.27","2.52","2.76","3.11","3.46","3.70","3.94","4.27","4.83","5.38","5.92""(54)",,,,,,,"1.31","1.59","1.82","1.94","2.07","2.31","2.56","2.81","3.18","3.53","3.77","4.02","4.36","4.93","5.49","6.04""56",,,,,,,"1.36","1.62","1.89","2.02","2.15","2.40","2.66","2.92","3.30","3.66","3.92","4.17","4.53","5.13","5.71","6.29""(57)",,,,,,,"1.38","1.65","1.92","2.05","2.18","2.45","2.71","2.97","3.36","3.74","4.00","4.25","4.62","5.23","5.83","6.41""60",,,,,,,"1.46","1.74","2.02","2.16","2.31","2.58","2.86","3.13","3.55","3.94","4.22","4.49","4.88","5.52","6.16","6.78""63",,,,,,,"1.53","1.83","2.13","2.27","2.42","2.71","3.01","3.30","3.72","4.15","4.44","4.73","5.13","5.81","6.49","7.14""65",,,,,,,"1.58","1.89","2.20","2.35","2.50","2.80","3.11","3.40","3.85","4.29","4.59","4.89","5.31","6.02","6.71","7.40""(68)",,,,,,,"1.65","1.98","2.36","2.46","2.62","2.93","3.26","3.57","4.04","4.49","4.81","5.12","5.57","6.31","7.05","7.77""70",,,,,,,"1.70","2.03","2.37","2.53","2.70","3.02","3.35","3.68","4.16","4.36","4.96","5.23","5.74","6.51","7.27","8.01""(73)",,,,,,,"1.78","2.12","2.47","2.64","2.82","3.16","3.50","3.84","4.35","4.84","5.18","5.52","6.00","6.81","7.60","8.38""75",,,,,,,"1.82","2.18","2.54","2.71","2.90","3.24","3.60","3.95","4.46","4.97","5.32","5.68","6.17","7.00","7.82","8.62""(76)",,,,,,,"1.85","2.21","2.57","2.76","2.94","3.29","3.65","4.00","4.53","5.05","5.40","5.75","6.26","7.10","7.93","8.75""80",,,,,,,,,"2.71","2.90","3.09","3.47","3.84","4.22","4.77","5.32","5.69","6.07","6.60","7.49","8.37","9.24""(83)",,,,,,,,,"2.82","3.02","3.21","3.60","4.00","4.37","4.96","5.52","5.92","6.31","6.86","7.79","8.71","9.62""85",,,,,,,,,"2.88","3.08","3.29","3.69","4.09","4.48","5.08","5.66","6.06","6.46","7.04","7.98","8.93","9.83""(89)",,,,,,,,,"3.02","3.24","3.45","3.86","4.29","4.70","5.33","5.94","6.36","6.77","7.38","8.38","9.38","10.33""90",,,,,,,,,"3.05","3.27","3.49","3.91","4.34","4.76","5.39","6.01","6.43","6.86","7.47","8.47","9.49","10.47""95",,,,,,,,,"3.21","3.46","3.68","4.13","4.59","5.02","5.70","6.36","6.81","7.26","7.90","8.98","10.04","11.10"100,,,,,,,,,"3.40","3.64","3.88","4.35","4.83","5.30","6.00","6.70","7.17","7.65","8.32","9.46","10.59","11.70""(102)",,,,,,,,,"3.46","3.73","3.97","4.45","4.93","5.40","6.13","6.84","7.32","7.81","8.50","9.67","10.82","11.96""(108)",,,,,,,,,"3.67","3.95","4.21","4.72","5.23","5.74","6.50","7.25","7.77","8.29","9.02","10.26","11.49","12.70"110,,,,,,,,,"3.74","4.03","4.28","4.81","5.32","5.84","6.62","7.39","7.92","8.43","9.19","10.46","11.70","12.93"120,,,,,,,,,,"4.36","4.66","5.25","5.83","6.38","7.24","8.07","8.66","9.22","10.06","11.44","12.93","14.30"125,,,,,,,,,,,,"5.46","6.06","6.64","7.54","8.42","9.02","9.61","10.50","11.91","13.37","14.80"130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"7.86","8.78","9.40","10.00","10.92","12.43","13.92","15.48""(133)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"8.05","8.98","9.59","10.25","11.18","12.75","14.26","15.75"140,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.11","10.79","11.80","13.42","15.05","16.65"150,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.85","11.52","12.65","14.39","16.11","17.85"160,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"13.53","15.38","17.25","19.09"170,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"14.31","16.31","18.35","20.30"180,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"15.20","17.30","19.50","21.59"190,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"18.29","20.60","22.80"200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"19.67","21.65","24.00""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管2""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁厚 (mm)","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","5.5","6.0","6.5","7.0","7.5","8.0","8.5","9","9.5","10",11,12,"钢管理论重量 (kg/m)""5""6""7""8""9""10","0.518","0.536","0.561""11","0.592","0.615","0.647""12","0.666","0.694","0.734","0.789""(13)","0.740","0.774","0.820","0.888""14","0.814","0.852","0.906","0.986""(15)","0.888","0.932","0.993","1.09","1.17","1.23""16","0.962","1.10","1.08","1.18","1.28","1.35""(17)","1.04","1.09","1.17","1.28","1.39","1.48""18","1.11","1.17","1.25","1.38","1.50","1.60""(19)","1.18","1.25","1.34","1.48","1.61","1.73","1.54","1.92""20","1.26","1.33","1.42","1.58","1.72","1.85","1.97","2.07""(21)","1.33","1.41","1.51","1.68","1.83","1.97","2.10","2.22""22","1.41","1.49","1.60","1.77","1.94","2.10","2.24","2.37""(23)","1.48","1.57","1.68","1.87","2.05","2.22","2.37","2.52""(24)","1.55","1.64","1.77","1.97","2.16","2.34","2.51","2.66","2.81","2.93""25","1.63","1.72","1.86","2.07","2.28","2.47","2.64","2.81","2.97","3.11""(27)","1.78","1.88","2.03","2.27","2.50","2.71","2.92","3.11","3.29","3.45""28","1.85","1.96","2.11","2.37","2.61","2.84","3.05","3.26","3.45","3.68""29","1.92","2.02","2.20","2.47","2.72","2.96","3.19","3.40","3.60","3.80","3.98""30","2.00","2.12","2.29","2.56","2.83","3.08","3.32","3.55","3.77","3.97","4.16","4.34""32","2.15","1.28","2.46","2.76","3.05","3.33","3.59","3.85","4.09","4.32","4.53","4.74""34","2.29","2.43","2.63","2.96","3.27","3.58","3.87","4.14","4.41","4.66","4.90","5.13""(35)","2.37","2.51","2.72","3.06","3.38","3.70","4.00","4.29","4.57","4.83","5.09","5.33""36","2.44","2.59","2.81","3.16","3.50","3.82","4.14","4.44","4.73","5.01","5.27","5.52""38","2.59","2.75","2.98","3.35","3.72","4.07","4.41","4.74","5.05","5.35","5.64","5.92","6.18","6.44""40","2.74","2.91","3.15","3.55","3.94","4.32","4.68","5.03","5.37","5.70","6.01","6.31","6.60","6.88""42","2.89","3.07","3.32","3.75","4.16","4.56","4.95","5.33","5.69","6.04","6.38","6.71","7.02","7.32""44.5","3.07","3.25","3.54","4.00","4.44","4.87","5.29","5.70","6.09","6.47","6.84","7.20","7.55","7.88""45","3.11","3.31","3.58","4.04","4.49","4.93","5.36","5.77","6.17","6.56","6.94","7.30","7.65","7.99","8.32","8.63""48","3.33","3.54","3.84","4.34","4.83","5.30","5.76","6.21","6.65","7.08","7.49","7.89","8.28","8.66","9.03","9.57""水,煤气输送钢管""1,水,煤气输送钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)234-63]""公称内径",,"钢管螺纹",,"外径 (mm)","普通管",,"加厚管""mm","(in.)",,"壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)","壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)""6","1/8''","10","2","0.89","2.50","0.46""8","1/4''","13.5","2.25","0.62","2.75","0.73""10","3/8''","17","2.25","0.82","2.75","0.97""15","1/2''","21.25","2.75","1.25","3.25","1.44""20","3/4''","26.75","2.75","1.63","3.5","2.01""25","1''","33.5","3.25","2.42","4","2.91""32","1 1''/4","42.25","3.25","3.13","4","3.77""40","1 1''/2","48","3.5","3.84","4.25","4.58""50","2''","60","3.5","4.88","4.5","6.16""70","2 1''/2","75.5","3.75","6.64","4.5","7.88""80","3''","88.5","4","8.34","4.75","9.81""100","4''","114","4","10.85","5","13.44""125","5''","140","4.5","15.04","5.5","18.24""150","6''","165","4.5","17.81","5.5","21.63""注(1)表列钢管是适用于输送水,煤气及采暖系统等用的钢管.分镀锌和不镀锌(黑管)两种;又分带螺纹和"" 不带螺纹两种;按壁厚可分为普通钢管,加厚钢管和薄壁钢管."" (2)钢管的长度规定为:无螺纹的黑管4~12m;带螺纹的黑管和镀锌管4~9m.每批允许有10%的(按根数计算)"" 2~4m长的短尺钢管或4~9m米长的接管(即用一个管接头将两根钢管连接而成)."" (3)经供需双方协议,可供应定尺长度或倍尺长度的钢管.其最大长度可到8m.按倍尺交货的钢管,每个单"" 倍尺应留切口5~10mm."" (4)钢管用易焊接的软钢制造,钢号和制造方法(炉焊或电焊)均由制造厂选择."" (5)钢管应能承受下列规定压力的水压试验:普通钢管和薄壁钢管:20kg/cm2;加厚钢管30kg/cm2.""电丝套管""2,电丝套管规格,重量表""名称","外径 (mm)","近似内径 (mm)","管壁厚度 (mm)","重量 (kg/m)","每吨长度 (m/t)""5/8''","15.9","12.3","1.8","0.626","1597.44""3/4''","19.1","15.5","1.8","0.627","1302.08""1''","25.4","21.8","1.8","0.628","954.20""1 1''/4","31.8","28.2","1.8","0.629","750.75""1 1''/2","38.1","34.5","1.8","0.630","620.73""电焊钢管""电焊钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)242-68]""外径 (mm)","壁厚 (mm)",0.5,0.6,0.8,"1.0","1.2","1.4","1.5","1.6","1.8","2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","3.8","4.0",4.2,4.5,4.8,"5.0",5.5,"钢管的理论重量 (kg/m)""(5)","0.055","0.065","0.083","0.099""(6)","0.068","0.080","0.108","0.123""(7)","0.080","0.095","0.122","0.148""(8)","0.092","0.110","0.142","0.173","(0.202)""(9)","0.105","0.125","0.162","0.197","0.231""10","0.117","0.139","0.182","0.222","(0.261)""(11)","0.129","0.154","0.201","0.247","0.290""12","0.142","0.169","0.221","0.271","0.320","0.365","(0.388)","0.411""(13)",,"0.184","0.241","0.296","0.349","0.400","0.425","0.451""(14)",,"0.199","0.260","0.321","0.379","0.434","0.462","0.490""15",,"0.214","0.280","0.345","0.409","0.468","(0.499)","0.529""16",,"0.228","0.300","0.370","0.438","0.503","(0.536)","0.568""(17)",,"0.244","0.320","0.395","0.468","0.537","0.573","0.608""18",,"0.258","0.340","0.419","0.497","0..572","(0.610)","0.647","(0.717)","(0.789)""(19)",,"0.274","0.359","0.444","0.527","0

冷轧钢板标准

2019-03-18 08:36:58

冷轧薄钢板，简称冷轧钢板、冷轧薄板、冷轧板、冷板等。它还包括不锈钢板、弹簧钢板、硬钢片、镀锌板、镀锡板、镀铝板等。冷轧薄钢带，简称冷轧钢带、冷轧带钢、钢带、带钢、薄钢带、冷轧卷等。还包括不锈钢带、镀锌钢带、镀锡钢带等。冷轧钢板标准冷轧薄钢板、钢带（以下简称冷轧薄板）主要用于零件的冲压加工，而冷轧薄板的力学性能十分重要，它直接关系到板材的冲压性能。冷轧薄板是以不同的热处理状态分级的，不同硬度的材料，用于不同的加工方法，国家标准GB/T 13237-1991《优质碳素结构钢冷轧薄钢板和钢带》将冷轧薄板大致分为三级，P级用于普通冲压，S级用于深度冲压，Z级用于最深度冲压。中国冶金标准YB/T 5059-1993《低碳钢冷轧钢带》将薄钢板按硬度分为五级，即：TR（特级）、R（软）、BR（半软）、DY（低硬）和Y（冷硬）。其实通过一定的冷轧变形程度和冷轧后热处理的恰当配合，可以在广泛的范围内满足用户关于材料力学性能方面的要求。冷轧薄板根据用户加工上的要求可以分成更多的级别。例如：日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》的分类除分为一般用（spcc）、冲压用(spcd)和深冲压用（spce）三类外，还细分为退火、标准调质、1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬、全硬等级别。在冷轧薄板力学性能的检测方面，一些标准只规定了拉伸试验，另一些标准除拉伸试验外还规定了硬度试验。中国标准GB/T 13237-1991就只规定了拉伸试验，技术要求冷轧钢板标准如表一所示：牌号抗拉强度/MPa伸长率不小于拉延级别Z－S和PZSP08F275～365275～38034323008,08Al,10F275～390275～41032302810295～410295～43030392815F315～430315～45029282715335～450335～47027262520355～490335～50026252425——390～540——242330——440～590——222135——490～635——201940——510～650————1845——530～680————1650——540～715————14 日本标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》（该标准中包含了冷轧薄钢板和钢带）规定了拉伸试验，也规定了硬度试验，该标准的力学性能要求如下：表二：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的拉伸试验质牌号抗拉强度/MPa 不小于伸长率/%不小于试样按以下公称厚度/mm>=0.250.250.400.601.01.6>=2.5SPCC SPCD SPCE(270) 270 270(32) 34 36(34) 36 3836 38 40　 37 39 41 　　 (38) 40 42 　39 41 435号试样轧制方向表三：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的硬度值。调质区分符号硬度最大HRBHV退火A57105标准调质S65115 注：厚度小于0.6mm的钢板和钢带，原则上不进行拉伸试验。表四：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬材料的拉伸试验值。调质区分符号抗拉强度/MPa伸长率/%最小试样1/8硬8294～410255号试样轧制方向1/4硬4370～490101/2硬2440～590——硬1>=550—— 表五：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬状态的硬度值。调质区分符号HRBHV1/8硬 1/4硬8450～7165～8095～130 115～1501/2硬硬2174～89 ≥85135～185 ≥170注：HRB和HV，仅选用其中之一。英国标准BS 1449/1.9-1991《厚板、薄板和钢带第一部分：碳素钢和碳锰钢厚板、薄板和钢带具有成形性能的冷轧窄钢带技术条件》对冷轧板分级为CS1（铝镇静稳定化超深冲）、CS2（超深冲）、CS3（深冲）、CS4（折边）、CS15（商品级）。这项标准的力学性能要求如表六所示：表六：钢材交货时的力学性能轧制状态和级别退火（A）或平整冷轧（SP）状态硬度HV1)2)最大屈服强度Re1)/MPa最小抗拉强度Rm1)/MPa最小伸长率A1)/%最小弯心直径1)（180°弯曲）原始标距LO50mm80mmCS1A9514027038（36）0aSP10514027036（34）0aCS2A9514027036（34）0a SP10014027036（34）0aCS3A100（140）（280）（34）（32）0aSP110（140）（280）（34）（32）0aCS4A105（140）（280）——0aSP115（140）（280）——0a 注：1）窄钢带交货应符合，或者硬度和弯曲试验，或者拉伸和弯曲试验，但硬度和拉伸试验不应同时进行。 2）对于SP（平整冷轧）状态，与镀层精整（PL）或镜面光洁度（MF），或以“无拉伸痕”交货的钢材组合，最大硬度可以提高5个HV或抗拉强度可以提高20MPa。 3）牌号CS2、CS3和CS4的硬度值仅适用于沸腾钢。如上所述冷轧薄板的力学性能可以通过拉伸试验来检测，也可以通过硬度试验来检测。由于硬度试验设备简单、易于掌握，试验效率高，并且金属硬度与强度之间有一定的对应关系，所以硬度检测是确定材料力学性能的更方便的方法。冷轧薄板的硬度检测可以用于冷轧板生产过程的质量控制，更适于生产冲压产品的厂家对原材料进行力学性能的复检。日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996规定的硬度试验是洛氏硬度HRB和维氏硬度HV。维氏硬度试验可用于冷轧薄板，但洛氏硬度HRB却不适用于测试薄板材料。因为当板材厚度小于2mm时，测试HRB硬度可能会因为发生“测砧效应”而使测量的硬度值失准。对于薄板材料，可以测试表面洛氏硬度HRN或HRT，然后换算成HRB或HV硬度。冷轧钢板标准生产了一种便携式表面洛氏硬度计，它非常适合测试薄板和钢带材料，它可以在生产现场、销售现场或材料仓库快速进行冷轧薄板材料的洛氏硬度检测，完成一次测量仅需要10秒钟时间，检测的板材厚度范围为0.05-50mm。这种仪器可以用在冷轧薄板带的生产线上，对产品的热处理效果进行在线的质量控制。这种仪器更适用于冲压产品的生产厂家。可以用它对购入的板材硬度进行复检，可以携带它去钢材市场选购材料，也可以利用它对自己厂生产的冲压产品进行硬度检测。这种仪器如果配上一个支承座，还可以放到办公桌上使用。可以对成批的成品或半成品工件做逐件检测。它的测试精度与台式洛氏硬度计相同。目前冷轧薄带材料正在向超薄方向发展，据报道，上海宝钢已扎制出厚度为0.08mm的冷轧薄板带材。采用本所生产的PHR-1S型表面洛氏硬度计，配一个金刚点砧座，就可测试薄至0.05mm冷轧薄板带材料的硬度。这种应用完全可以取代维氏硬度计，使冷轧薄板材料的力学性能检测实现快速、简便、经济。

热轧扁钢

2019-03-18 11:00:17

热轧扁钢尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差Dimensions, shape, weight and tolerances for hot-rolled flatsGB 704-88代替 GB704-83本标准适用于厚度为3～60mm，宽度为10～150mm，截面为矩形的一般用途热轧扁钢。1 尺寸及允许偏差1.1 热轧扁钢的截面图及标注符号（略）。1.2 热轧扁钢的截面尺寸及理论重量应符合表1的规定。根据需方要求，并经供需双方协议，可供应表1所列规格之间的其他尺寸的扁钢，其允许偏差按相邻较大尺寸扁钢的规定。1.3 扁钢的截面尺寸允许偏差应符合表2的规定。表1宽度mm厚度，mm 3456789101112141618202225283032364045505660 理论重量，kg/m100.240.310.390.470.550.63 120.280.380.470.570.660.75 140.330.440.550.660.770.88 160.380.500.630.750.881.001.151.26 180.420.570.710.850.991.131.271.41 200.470.630.780.941.101.261.411.571.731.88 220.520.690.861.041.211.381.551.731.902.07 250.590.780.981.181.371.571.771.962.162.362.753.14 280.660.881.101.321.541.761.982.202.422.643.083.53 300.710.941.181.411.651.882.122.362.592.833.303.774.244.71 320.751.001.261.511.762.012.262.552.763.013.524.024.525.02 350.821.101.371.651.922.202.472.753.023.303.854.404.955.506.046.877.69 400.941.261.571.882.202.512.833.143.453.774.405.025.656.286.917.858.79 451.061.411.772.122.472.833.183.533.894.244.955.656.367.077.778.839.8910.6011.3012.72 501.181.571.962.362.753.143.533.934.324.715.506.287.067.858.649.8110.9911.7812.5614.13 55 1.732.162.593.023.453.894.324.755.186.046.917.778.649.5010.7912.0912.9513.8215.54 60 1.882.362.833.303.774.244.715.185.656.597.548.489.4210.3611.7813.1914.1315.0716.9618.8421.20 65 2.042.553.063.574.084.595.105.616.127.148.169.1810.2011.2312.7614.2915.3116.3318.3720.1022.96 70 2.202.753.303.854.404.955.506.046.597.698.799.8910.9912.0913.7415.3916.4917.5819.7821.9824.73 75 2.362.943.534.124.715.305.896.487.078.249.4210.6011.7812.9514.7216.4817.6618.8421.2023.5526.49 80 2.513.143.774.405.025.656.286.917.548.7910.0511.3012.5613.8215.7017.5818.8420.1022.6125.1228.26 85 3.344.004.675.346.016.677.348.019.3410.6812.0113.3114.6816.6818.6820.0221.3524.0226.6930.0333.3637.3740.0490 3.534.244.955.656.367.077.778.489.8911.3012.7214.1315.5417.6619.7821.2022.6125.4328.2631.7935.3239.5642.3995 3.734.475.225.976.717.468.208.9510.4111.9313.4214.9216.4118.6420.8822.3723.8626.8529.8333.5637.2941.7644.74100 3.924.715.506.287.067.858.649.4210.9912.5614.1315.7017.2719.6221.9823.5525.1228.2631.4035.3239.2543.9647.10105 4.124.955.776.597.428.249.079.8911.5413.1914.8416.4818.1320.6123.0824.7326.3829.6732.9737.0941.2146.1649.46110 4.325.186.046.917.778.649.5010.3612.0913.8215.5417.2719.0021.5924.1825.9027.6331.0934.5438.8643.1848.3651.81120 4.715.656.597.548.489.4210.3611.3013.1915.0716.9618.8420.7223.5526.3828.2630.1433.9137.6842.3947.1052.7556.52125 5.896.877.858.839.8110.7911.7813.7415.7017.6619.6221.5824.5327.4829.4431.4035.3239.2544.1649.0654.9558.88130 6.127.148.169.1810.2011.2312.2514.2916.3318.3720.4122.4525.5128.5730.6232.6636.7440.8245.9251.0257.1561.23140 7.698.799.8910.9912.0913.1915.3917.5819.7821.9824.1827.4830.7732.9735.1739.5643.9649.4654.9561.5465.94150 8.249.4210.6011.7812.9514.1316.4818.8421.2023.5525.9029.4432.9735.3237.6842.3947.1052.9958.8865.9470.65注：表中的理论重量按密度7.85g/cm3计算。表2宽度厚度尺寸允许偏差尺寸允许偏差普通级较高级普通级较高级10～50+0.5 -1.0+0.3 -0.93~16+0.3 -0.5+0.2 -0.4 >50～75+0.6 -1.3+0.4 -1.2>75～100+0.9 -1.8+0.7 -1.7>16～60+1.5％ -3.0％+1.0％ -2.5％>100~150+1.0% -2.0%+0.8% -1.8%2.1 通常长度2.1.1 普通钢第一组（理论重量≤19kg/m）扁钢—3～9米第二组（理论重量>19kg/m）扁钢 —3～7米2.1.2 优质钢全部规格尺寸扁钢————————2～6米根据供需双方协议并在合同中注明，可供应超长长度的扁钢。2.2 定尺长度或倍尺长度及允许偏差2.2.1 定尺长度或倍尺长度应在合同中注明。2.2.2 定尺长度或倍尺长度的扁钢，其长度允许偏差应符合下列规定：长度≤4m————————+30、0mm长度>4～6m———————+50、0mm长度>6m————————+70、0mm3 外形3.1 弯曲度扁钢的弯曲度应符合规定。3.2 扭转扁钢不得有明显的扭转。3.3 切料扁钢的端头应剪切正直，切斜不得大于以下规定：宽度≤100mm的扁钢，不得大于6mm；宽度>100mm的扁钢，不得大于8mm3.4 截面形状不正4 重量4.1 通常长度扁钢按实际重量交货。经供需双方协议并在合同中注明可按理论重量交货。4.2 定尺长度和倍尺长芭扁钢按理论重量交货。经供需双方协议并在合同中注明可按实际重量交货。5 交货状态扁钢以直条交货。6 标记示例（略）。

钢材代码表|钢材规格|钢材规格表|钢材规格重量表

2019-03-15 10:05:15

冷轧钢板的密度

2019-03-18 08:36:58

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板。冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，冷轧钢板的密度不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。冷轧钢板的密度：热轧钢板含碳量可比冷轧钢板略高些。在成份相持不大的情况下密度是一样的。但如果成份相差悬殊，如不锈钢不论冷轧、热轧密度都在7.9g/cm3左右。具体还要看成份，热轧只是延展性更好，钢材同样受到压力作用

钢材镀锌

2017-06-06 17:50:06

钢材镀锌是提高钢材耐锈蚀性能、装饰美观的一种工艺手法。目前，最常用的钢材镀锌方法是热镀锌。钢材（Steel）：是钢锭、钢坯或钢材通过压力加工制成所需要的各种形状、尺寸和性能的材料。钢材是国家建设和实现四化必不可少的重要物资，应用广泛、品种繁多，根据断面形状的不同、钢材一般分为型材、板材、管材和金属制品四大类、为了便于组织钢材的生产、订货供应和搞好经营管理工作，又分为重轨、轻轨、大型型钢、中型型钢、小型型钢、钢材冷弯型钢，优质型钢、线材、中厚钢板、薄钢板、电工用硅钢片、带钢、无缝钢管钢材、焊接钢管、金属制品等品种。钢是含碳量在0.04%-2.3%之间的铁碳合金。为了保证其韧性和塑性，含碳量一般不超过1.7%。钢的主要元素除铁、碳外，还有硅、锰、硫、磷等。钢材有色金属又称非铁金属，指除黑色金属外的金属和合金，如铜、锡、铅、锌、铝以及黄铜、青铜、铝合金和轴承合金等。另外在工业上还采用铬、镍、锰、钼、钴钢材、钒、钨、钛等，这些金属主要用作合金附加物，以改善金属的性能，其中钨、钢材钛、钼等多用以生产刀具用的硬质合金。以上这些有色金属都称为工业用金属，钢材此外还有贵重金属：铂、金、银等和稀有金属，包括放射性的铀、镭等钢材。中国钢材需要的政策面固然很踊跃，然而产能过剩不是在2010年就可以处理的成绩。只需产能过剩使不得无效处理，只管出什么样的计划，不落到实处，在弱势需要的条件下，钢材价格很难有大的走强的态势涌现。但钢材镀锌后价格完全不同，结合镀锌所带来的优势，镀锌钢材价格有望走上坡。

热轧带钢

2019-03-18 10:05:23

一般他们的规格标准写成（厚度*宽度*C，C表示长度，由于一般卷起来所以用C表示，如果是矩形钢就会有长度）例如我们所看到的瑞丰带钢2.5*315*C，武钢热卷11.5*1500*C，其中315和1500表示宽度为315mm和1500mm，由此我们认定带钢和热卷的区别在于带钢宽度在1000mm以下，所以能通过规格一眼区分瑞丰的带钢和武钢的热卷，至于为什么有人用带钢有人用热卷，那要看他们厂的轧机能扎什么宽度，由此需求也有所不同。至于楼下提到的Q235是指此钢材能在接受235兆帕的压强之下不变形，用来表示钢材的材质，同理Q195也自然是在195兆帕的压强下不变形。热轧带钢 2.1 带钢热连轧机的紧凑化布置　　带钢热连轧机主要有全连续式、半连续式、3/4连续式三种布置形式，它们的区别集中在粗轧区。全连续式带钢热连轧机的主要特点是轧机均为不可逆轧机，带钢在粗轧区轧制时，每架轧机只按板坯的前进方向轧制一道，并且不形成连轧；半连续式带钢热连轧机的主要持点是至少有一架可逆式轧制，带钢在粗轧区内采用可逆式轧制，进行多道次压下，在粗轧机组不形成连轧；3/4连续式带钢热连轧机的主要特点是带钢在粗轧区部分轧机采用可逆式轧制，而在最后的两架粗轧机内形成连轧。　　全连续式带钢热连轧机自动化程度高、产量高，但设备多、投资大，轧制流程长，因此轧件热量损失过多，不利于保温、抢温轧制。特别是在生产过程中，由于每架轧机只轧一道次，使得粗轧机大部分时间处于闲置状态，因此设备利用率过低。为此，广泛采用半连续及3/4连续式带钢热连轧机，节约设备投资，提高粗轧机组的利用率，并缩短轧线长度，减少轧件的热量损失。近年来，由于粗轧机控制水平的提高和轧机结构的改进，轧机牌坊强度增大，轧制速度也相对提高，粗轧机单机架生产能力增大，轧机产量已不受粗轧机产量的制约，因此，半连续式粗轧机发展较快。但由于可逆式轧机操作维修复杂，能耗大，所以对于年产300万t以上规模的带钢厂，3/4连续式带钢热连轧机成为主流。2.2 AWC立辊短行程控制　　板坯在粗轧机组中要经过立辊和水平辊交替轧制，通过立辊的侧压实现宽度控制，但是与轧件中部相比，头尾因没有外端的限制作用，在立轧道次将出现头尾失宽。若不对头尾的失宽现象进行有效的控制，则会对宽度精度和成材率产生不利影响。　　有AWC（宽度自动控制）功能的重型立辊轧机是为了适应连铸和有利热轧带钢板坯热装的发展而产生的现代轧机。这类立辊轧机结构先进，主传动电机功率大，侧压能力大，和在轧制过程中对带坯进行调宽、控宽及头尾形状控制，不仅可以减少连铸板坯的宽度规格，而且有利于实现热轧带钢板坯的热装，提高带坯宽度精度和减少切损。　　按控制方式不同，AWC分为：轧制力反馈控制（RF—AWC）、前馈控制（FF—AWC）和短行程控制（SS—AWC）。　　轧制力反馈控制（RF—AWC）是根据侧压时沿板坯长度方向材料硬度不同，会使立辊轧机产生不同的弹跳量，导致轧制力变化的原理，将测得的轧制力变化，由液压AWC装置快速变更辊缝，从而改变轧制压力，使板坯宽度保持为常数，以便水平轧制后的板坯在长度方向上的宽度均匀。　　前馈控制（FF—AWC）是针对板坯在加热炉内加热受水冷滑道影响而产生温度低于其他部位的水印，立辊侧压后进行水平轧制时，水印处的材料宽度大于其他部分的材料宽展，导致长度方向上产生宽度差，侧压时对水印进行跟踪，预设定液压AWC，在水印处加大侧压量，消除水印处产生的多余的宽展量，使水平轧制后的板坯达到设定的宽度值。　　短行程控制（SS—AWC）是解决板坯侧压量较大时，金属易向中部或两个角部流动，造成板坯头尾失宽的问题。此外，板坯侧压边部凸起，呈两端小、中间大，水平轧制后又加大头尾失宽，通过液压AWC装置对板坯的头尾进行短行程控制，调节其侧压量，使板坯头尾经水平轧制后趋于矩形，从而使整个板坯在长度方向上的宽度均匀，少头尾切损，提高产品收得率。2.3 中间坯保温技术和边部感应加热技术　　粗轧机出口带坯长度可达80～90m，进精轧机轧制过程中，为了减少输送辊道上的温度降，以节约能耗，近年来很多工厂还采用在输送辊道上安置绝热保温罩或补偿加热炉（器）。保温罩内表面附一层吸热温升快、热反射率高的特殊合金层，有效地提高了进入精轧的中间坯温度，从而可降低加热炉出坯温度，提高成材率，节约燃耗。还可提高板带末端温度、减少带钢头尾温差，使板带温度更加均匀，可轧出更宽更薄重量更大及精度性能质量更高的板卷。　　带坯在轧制过程中，边部由于散热较快，其温降大于中部温降，温差大约为100℃。边部温差大，在带钢横截面上晶粒组织不均匀，性能差异大，同时，还将造成轧制中边部裂纹和对轧辊严重的不均匀磨损。因此，在精轧机组前对带坯边部进行加热，将温度补偿到与中部温度一致。一般采用电磁感应加热器，可使带坯边部温度提高30～50℃，使带钢横向温度更加均匀，从而减少带钢边部裂纹，以适应轧制薄规格产品和硅钢、不锈钢、高碳钢等特殊品种的钢。

热轧扁钢规格

2019-03-18 10:05:23

热轧扁钢规格、重量表[冶标(GB)704-65]宽度(mm) 厚度4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 30 重量 (kg/m) 热轧扁钢规格12 0.38 0.47 0.57 0.66 0.75 　　　　　　　　　　　　14 0.44 0.55 0.66 0.77 0.88 　　　　　　　　　　　　16 0.50 0.63 0.75 0.88 1.00 1.15 1.26 　　　　　　　　　　18 0.57 0.71 0.85 0.99 1.13 1.27 1.41 　　　　　　　　　　20 0.63 0.79 0.94 1.10 1.26 1.41 1.57 1.73 1.88 　　　　　　　　22 0.69 0.86 1.04 1.21 1.38 1.55 1.73 1.90 2.07 　　　　　　　　25 0.79 0.98 1.18 1.37 1.57 1.77 1.96 2.16 2.36 2.75 3.14 　　　　　　28 0.88 1.10 1.32 1.54 1.76 1.98 2.20 2.42 2.64 3.08 3.53 　　　　　　30 0.94 1.18 1.41 1.65 1.88 2.12 2.36 2.59 2.83 3.36 3.77 4.24 4.71 　　　　32 1.01 1.25 1.50 1.76 2.01 2.26 2.54 2.76 3.01 3.51 4.02 4.52 5.02 　　　　（35） 1.10 1.37 1.65 1.92 2.202.753.30 3.95　　　　36 1.13 1.41 1.69 1.97 2.26 2.51 2.82 3.11 3.39 3.95 4.52 5.09 5.65 　　　　40 1.26 1.57 1.88 2.20 2.51 2.83 3.14 3.45 3.77 4.40 5.02 5.65 6.28 6.91 7.85 8.79 　45 1.41 1.77 2.12 2.47 2.83 3.18 3.53 3.89 2.24 4.95 5.65 6.36 7.07 7.77 8.83 9.89 10.6050 1.57 1.96 2.36 2.75 3.14 3.53 3.93 4.32 4.71 5.50 6.28 7.07 7.85 8.64 9.81 10.99 11.78（55） 1.73 2.16 2.59 3.02 3.454.325.19 6.0556 1.76 2.20 2.64 3.08 3.52 3.95 4.39 4.83 5.27 6.15 7.30 7.91 8.79 9.67 10.99 12.31 13.1960 1.88 2.36 2.83 3.30 3.77 4.24 4.71 5.18 5.65 6.59 7.54 8.48 9.42 10.36 11.78 13.19 14.1363 1.98 2.47 2.97 3.46 3.95 4.45 4.94 5.44 5.93 6.92 7.91 8.90 9.69 10.88 12.36 13.85 14.3465 2.04 2.55 3.06 3.57 4.08 4.59 5.10 5.61 6.12 7.14 8.16 9.19 10.21 11.23 12.76 14.29 15.3170 2.20 2.75 3.30 3.85 4.40 4.95 5.50 6.04 6.59 7.69 8.79 8.89 10.99 12.09 13.74 15.39 16.4975 2.36 2.94 3.53 4.12 4.71 5.30 5.89 6.48 7.07 8.24 9.42 10.60 11.78 12.95 14.72 16.49 17.6680 2.51 3.14 3.77 4.40 5.02 5.65 6.28 6.91 7.54 8.79 10.05 11.30 12.56 13.82 15.70 17.58 18.8485 2.67 3.34 4.00 4.67 5.34 6.01 6.67 7.34 8.01 9.34 10.68 12.01 13.35 14.68 16.68 18.68 20.0290 2.83 3.53 4.24 4.95 5.56 6.36 7.07 7.77 8.48 9.89 11.30 12.72 14.13 15.54 17.65 19.78 21.2095 2.98 3.73 4.47 5.22 5.97 6.71 7.46 8.20 8.95 10.44 11.93 13.42 14.92 16.41 18.84 20.88 22.37100 3.14 3.93 4.71 5.50 6.28 7.07 7.85 8.64 9.42 10.99 12.56 14.13 15.70 17.27 19.63 21.98 23.55105 3.30 4.12 4.95 5.77 6.59 7.42 8.24 9.07 9.89 11.54 13.19 14.84 16.49 18.18 20.61 23.08 24.73110 3.45 4.32 5.18 6.04 6.91 7.77 8.64 9.50 10.36 12.09 13.82 15.54 17.27 19.00 21.59 24.18 25.91120 3.77 4.71 5.65 6.59 7.54 8.48 9.42 10.36 11.30 13.19 15.07 16.96 18.84 20.72 23.55 26.38 28.26125 3.93 4.91 5.89 6.67 7.85 8.83 9.81 10.76 11.78 13.74 15.70 17.66 19.63 21.50 24.53 27.48 29.44130 4.08 5.10 6.12 7.14 8.16 9.18 10.21 11.23 12.25 14.29 16.33 18.87 20.41 22.45 25.51 28.57 30.62140 4.40 5.50 6.59 7.69 8.79 9.89 10.99 12.09 13.19 15.39 17.58 19.78 21.98 24.18 27.48 30.77 32.97150 4.71 5.89 7.07 8.24 9.42 10.60 11.78 12.95 14.13 16.49 18.84 21.20 23.55 25.91 29.44 32.97 35.33160 5.02 6.28 7.54 8.79 10.05 11.30 12.56 13.82 15.07 17.58 20.10 22.61 25.12 27.63 31.40 35.17 37.63170 5.34 6.67 8.01 9.34 10.68 12.01 13.35 14.68 16.01 18.68 21.35 24.02 26.09 29.36 33.36 37.37 40.04180 5.65 7.07 8.48 9.89 11.30 12.72 14.13 15.54 16.96 19.78 22.61 25.43 28.26 31.09 35.33 39.56 42.39190 5.97 7.46 8.95 10.44 11.93 13.42 14.92 16.41 17.90 20.88 23.86 26.85 29.83 32.81 37.29 41.76 44.75200 6.28 7.85 9.42 10.99 12.56 14.13 15.70 17.27 18.84 21.98 25.12 28.26 31.40 34.54 39.25 43.96 47.10注扁钢按其表列重量不同分为三组：第一组每m小于19kg，通常长（非定尺）3~9m。第二组每m小于19~60kg，通常长（非定尺）3~7m。第三组每m大于60kg，通常长（非定尺）3~5m。括号内型号为非标准产品，通常长度2~6m。

热轧板规格

2019-03-18 10:05:23

采用SAE1006,生产设施配套热轧板表面处理酸洗线、光亮罩式退火炉、四棍可逆冷轧，并配有板面精密平整机组，消除应力平面拉矫机，高精密分条机组。齐全可轧制厚度为0.08mm～1.5mm厚薄公差控制在±0.02mm以内，宽度由180mm～630mm冷轧卷板。具有延伸率高、表面光滑达到镜面效果、厚薄度标准、板形平直、耐生锈等特点，适用于各种五金冲压、拉伸性能良好。如LED支架、转定子、灯饰、风扇、摩托车油箱、钢管、家用电器及外壳等各类五金产品。热卷规格为:2.75*1500*C、3.0*1500*C、3.25*1500*C、3.5*1500*C、3.75*1500*C、4.25*1500*C、4.5*1500*C、4.75*1500*C、5.25*1500*C、5.5*1500*C、5.75*1500*C、6.5*1500*C、7.25*1500C、7.5*1500*C、7.75*1500*C、9.25*1500*C、9.5*1500*C、9.75*1500*C、11.25*1500*C、11.5*1500*C、11.75*1500*C... 热轧板规格板材：（1）中厚板：钢板是一种宽厚比和表面积都很大的扁平钢材。按厚度为为薄钢板(厚度 4毫米)在实际工作中，常将厚度 20-60毫米的钢板称为厚板，厚度>60毫米的钢板称为特厚板，统称为中厚钢板。宽度比较小，长度很长的钢板，称为钢带，列为一个独立的品种。钢板有很大的覆盖和包容能力，可用作屋面板、苫盖材料以及制造容器、储油罐、包装箱、火车车箱、汽车外壳、工业炉的壳体等：可按使用要求进行剪裁与组合，制成各种结构件和机械零件，还可制成焊接型钢，进一步扩大钢板的使用范围；可以进行弯曲和冲压成型，制成锅炉、容器、冲制汽车外壳、民用器皿、器具、还可用作焊接钢管、冷弯型钢的坯料。钢板成张或成卷供应。成张钢板的规格以厚度*宽度*长度的毫米数表示。熟悉板、带材的规格，在宽度和长度上充分利用，对提高材料利用率，减少不适当的边角余料、降低工时及产品成本，有十分重要的意义。普中板、低合金板、容器板锅炉板桥梁板、船板。注：这几种板材均出自中厚板轧机，只是由于炼钢所加入材料的不同而区分开来，其外形、厚度、规格基本设置基本相同，一般厚度为6-120mm，其中6 mm、8 mm、10 mm、12mm中厚板价格依次降低，6mm中厚板价格在其中属最贵档次；14-30mm为常用规格，价格处于同一水平；32-49mm属于厚板系列，价格处于同一水平，比常用规格板价格略贵；50-120mm属于超厚板系列，50-90mm板价格处于同一水平，90mm以上规格板价格随着厚度的增加将提高。中厚板代表规格为20mm。（2）板卷：a、热轧板卷：热轧，是以板坯（主要为连铸坯）为原料，经加热后由粗轧机组及精轧机组制成钢带。从精轧最后一架轧机出来的热钢带通过层流冷却至设定温度，由卷取机卷成钢带卷，冷却后的钢带卷，根据用户的不同需求，经过不同的精整作业线（平整、矫直、横切或纵切、检验、称重、包装及标志等）加工而成为钢板、平整卷及纵切钢带产品。简单点儿来说，一块钢坯在加热后（就是电视里那种烧的红红的发烫的钢块）精过几道轧制，再切边，矫正成为钢板，这种叫热轧。热轧板卷（以平板形式或者卷板形式存在）一般厚度在2.0-13.5mm之间，其中2.0-3.0mm热卷价格从薄到厚逐渐降低；大部分钢厂3.1mm-13.5mm价格基本相当，部分厂家、市场3.1-4.0mm以及9.5mm-13.5mm热板卷价格可能高于4.0mm-9.5mm板的价格，热板卷代表规格为5.5mm厚产品，正常情况下平板的价格略高于卷板的价格。 b、冷轧板卷：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在6~13.5吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制，内径为610mm。冷轧，是在热轧板卷的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧---酸洗---冷轧这样的加工过程。冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。

钢材分类

2019-03-12 11:03:26

线　　材：普线高线螺纹钢型　　材：工字钢槽钢角钢方钢重轨高工钢 H型钢圆钢不等边角钢扁钢轻轨齿轮钢六角钢耐热钢棒合结圆钢合工圆钢方管碳工钢轴承钢碳结圆钢不锈圆钢轴承圆钢矩型管弹簧钢板　　材：中厚板容器板中板碳结板锅炉板低合金板花纹板冷板热板冷卷板热卷板镀锌板电镀锌板电镀锌卷锰板不锈钢板硅钢片彩涂板彩钢瓦楞铁镀锌卷板热轧带钢管　　材：焊管不锈钢管热镀锌管冷镀锌管无缝管螺旋管热轧无缝金属材料：生铁马口铁铝铅黄铜锡锌　　一、黑色金属、钢和有色金属　　在介绍钢的分类之前先简略介绍一下黑色金属、钢与有色金属的基本概念。　　1、黑色金属是指铁和铁的合金。如钢、生铁合金、铸铁等。钢和生铁都是以铁为根底，以碳为首要增加元素的合金，统称为铁碳合金。生铁是指把铁矿石放到高炉中冶炼而成的产品，首要用来炼钢和制作铸件。把铸造生铁放在熔铁炉中熔炼，即得到铸铁（液状），把液状铸铁浇铸成铸件，这种铸铁叫铸铁件。铁合金是由铁与硅、锰、铬、钛等元素组成的合金，铁合金是炼钢的质料之一，在炼钢时做钢的脱氧剂和合金元素增加剂用。　　2、把炼钢用生铁放到炼钢炉内按必定工艺熔炼，即得到钢。钢的产品有钢锭、连铸坯和直接铸成各种钢铸件等。一般所讲的钢，一般是指轧制成各种钢材的钢。钢归于黑色金属但钢不完全等于黑色金属。　　3、有色金属又称非铁金属，指除黑色金属外的金属和合金，如铜、锡、铅、锌、铝以及黄铜、青铜、铝合金和轴承合金等。另外在工业上还选用铬、镍、锰、钼、钴、钒、钨、钛等，这些金属首要用作合金附加物，以改进金属的功能，其间钨、钛、钼等多用以出产刀具用的硬质合金。以上这些有色金属都称为工业用金属，此外还有宝贵金属：铂、金、银等和稀有金属，包含放射性的铀、镭等。　　二、钢的分类　　钢是含碳量在0.04%-2.3%之间的铁碳合金。为了保证其耐性和塑性，含碳量一般不超越1.7%。钢的首要元素除铁、碳外，还有硅、锰、硫、磷等。钢的分类办法多种多样，其首要办法有如下七种：　　1、按质量分类　　(1) 普通钢（P≤0.045%，S≤0.050%）　　(2) 优质钢（P、S均≤0.035%）　　(3) 高档优质钢（P≤0.035%，S≤0.030%）　　2.、按化学成份分类　　(1) 碳素钢：a.低碳钢（C≤0.25%）；b.中碳钢（C≤0.25~0.60%）；c.高碳钢（C≤0.60%）。　　(2)合金钢：a.低合金钢（合金元素总含量≤5%）b.中合金钢（合金元素总含量＞5~10%）c.高合金钢（合金元素总含量＞10%）。　　3、按成形办法分类：(1) 锻钢；(2) 铸钢；(3) 热轧钢；(4) 冷拉钢。　　4、按金相安排分类　　(1) 退火状况的a.亚共析钢（铁素体+珠光体）b.共析钢（珠光体）c.过共析钢（珠光体+渗碳体）d.莱氏体钢（珠光体+渗体）。　　(2) 正火状况的：a.珠光体钢；b.贝氏体钢；c.马氏体钢；d.奥氏体钢。　　(3) 无相变或部分发作相变的　　5、按用处分类　　(1) 建筑及工程用钢：a.普通碳素结构钢；b.低合金结构钢；c.钢筋钢。　　(2) 结构钢a.机械制作用钢：(a)调质结构钢；(b)表面硬化结构钢：包含渗碳钢、钢、表面淬火用钢；(c)易切结构钢；(d)冷塑性成形用钢：包含冷冲压用钢、冷镦用钢。　b.弹簧钢　c.轴承钢　　(3) 工具钢：a.碳素工具钢；b.合金工具钢；c.高速工具钢。　　(4) 特殊功能钢：a.不锈耐酸钢b.耐热钢包含抗氧化钢、热强钢、气阀钢c.电热合金钢；d.耐磨钢；e.低温用钢；f.电工用钢　　(5) 专业用钢——如桥梁用钢、船只用钢、锅炉用钢、压力容器用钢、农机用钢等。　　6、归纳分类　　(1)普通钢a.碳素结构钢：(a) Q195；(b) Q215(A、B)；(c) Q235(A、B、C)；(d) Q255(A、B)；(e) Q275。b.低合金结构钢c.特定用处的普通结构钢　　(2)优质钢（包含高档优质钢）　　 a.结构钢：(a)优质碳素结构钢；(b)合金结构钢；(c)弹簧钢；(d)易切钢；(e)轴承钢；　　　　　　　 (f)特定用处优质结构钢。　　 b.工具钢：(a)碳素工具钢；(b)合金工具钢；(c)高速工具钢。c.特殊功能钢：(a)不锈耐酸钢；(b)耐热钢；　　　　　　　 (c)电热合金钢；(d)电工用钢；(e)高锰耐磨钢。　　7、按冶炼办法分类　　(1) 按炉种分a.平炉钢:(a)酸性平炉钢；(b)碱性平炉钢。　　　　　　　　b.转炉钢:(a)酸性转炉钢;(b)碱性转炉钢。或 (a)底吹转炉钢;(b)侧吹转炉钢；(c)顶吹转炉钢。　　　　　　　　c.电炉钢:(a)电弧炉钢；(b)电渣炉钢；(c)感应炉钢；(d)真空自耗炉钢；(e)电子束炉钢。　　(2)按脱氧程度和浇注准则分a.沸腾钢；b.半镇静钢；镇静钢；d.特殊镇静钢。

热轧无缝钢管

2019-03-18 11:00:17

碳素钢、低合金钢结构管热轧无缝钢管产品名称热轧无缝钢管交货状态热轧无缝钢管用途热轧无缝钢管生产单位热轧炭素钢、底合金钢结构管热轧适应于一般结构、机械结构件天津无缝钢管厂、衡管、冶钢、鞍钢、上一、合钢、通钢、本钢、西宁钢厂、长特、成无、安钢、包钢、热轧管件用管热轧用于管件和其他用途包钢热轧结构管热轧制造各种较高要求的管道、容器、设备及其他结构件宝钢热轧一般结构炭素钢管热轧用于各种结构件及其他结构件成都无缝热轧机械结构用炭素钢管热轧用于机械、汽车、家具及其他机械零件成都无缝2、热轧合金钢结构管热轧合金钢结构管热轧或热处理适用于一般结构、机械结构件冶钢、衡管、鞍钢、上一、本钢西宁钢厂、成无、天津钢管公司热挤压合金结构管热挤压或热处理一般结构和机械结构用管长特热扩合金钢结构管热轧用于结构件成无热轧结构管热轧用于一般结构、机械结构件天津钢管公司热轧结构用合金钢管热轧用于机械、汽车及其他零件成无3、热轧流体管热轧流体管热轧适用于输送一般流体天津钢管公司、冶钢、衡管、鞍钢、上一、合钢、通钢、西宁钢厂、成无、安钢、包钢、、热轧配管用炭素钢管热轧用于压力较底的蒸汽、水、油、煤气等配管成无热轧管热轧用于非镀锌和热镀锌钢管成无4、热轧低中压锅炉管热轧低中压锅炉管热轧制造各种结构低中压锅炉过热蒸汽管、沸水管及机车锅炉用过热蒸汽管、大烟管、小烟管和拱砖管衡管、冶钢、上一、鞍钢、通钢、西宁钢厂、成无、天津无缝、包钢、热轧低中压锅炉管热轧或热处理制造各类锅炉（电站、工业、生活等用锅炉宝钢热轧压力配管用碳钢管热轧用于温度低于350度所使用的压力配管成无5、热轧高压锅炉管热轧高压锅炉管热轧或热处理高压及其以上压力水管锅炉受热面用管冶钢、上一、鞍钢、成无、天津钢管、包钢、热轧高压锅炉管热处理制造蒸汽电站锅炉、蒸汽管道或压力容器宝钢、天津钢管热轧高温用碳钢管热处理高温用碳钢管成无热轧锅炉热交换器用碳钢管热处理用于钢管内外进行热传导为目的的管道成无6、热轧石油油管热轧石油油管车螺纹带接箍油井抽油用钢管宝钢、鞍钢热轧石油套管热轧、调质、热处理、车螺纹带接箍、水淬＋回火、油淬＋回火、在线常化油井固井用钢管宝钢、成无、天津钢管、包钢热轧石油钻杆成品（对焊工具接头后）正火或调质油井钻井用钢管宝钢、热轧石油管线管热轧制造石油和天然气输送用管线宝钢热轧石油管线管热轧或热处理用于石油输送管成无热轧石油管线管热轧或热处理、在线常化、常化＋回火、淬火＋回火用于输送石油、天然气和矿浆天津钢管7、热轧船管热轧船管热轧适用于制造船舶用I级、II级耐压管系、锅炉及过热器鞍钢、上一热轧船管热轧船舶用低中压锅炉管、过热器管、耐压管成无热轧（扩）船管热轧用于耐压及低中压锅炉成无8、热轧地质管热轧地质管热轧或热处理用于地质钻探岩心管和套管天津钢管、上一、鞍钢、西宁钢厂、宝钢、成无9、热轧汽车半轴套管热轧汽车半轴套管热轧或热处理制造汽车半轴套管及驱动桥桥壳轴管鞍钢、上一、冶钢、衡管、西宁钢厂、10、热轧化肥设备用管热轧化肥设备用管热轧或热处理适用于制造化工设备和管道鞍钢、冶钢、西宁钢厂、成无、11、热轧石油裂化管热轧石油裂化管热轧或热处理适用于炼炉管、热交换器管和管道用管冶钢、鞍钢、西宁钢厂、成无、天津钢管、12、热轧轴承管热轧轴承管热轧用于制造普通滚动轴承套管冶钢13、热轧顶杆用管热轧顶杆用管热轧或热处理制造拔管机顶杆鞍钢14、热轧芯棒用管热轧芯棒用管热轧制作各种芯棒衡管15、热轧液压支架用管热轧液压支架用管热轧、热处理制造液压支架、立柱或其他液压件衡管、上一、天津钢管、成无、包钢热轧液压支架用管调质处理用于煤矿支护、液压件、机械结构等天津钢管16、热轧液压和结构用管热轧液压和结构用管热轧和热处理用于液压件和机械加工件成无17、热轧抗海水腐蚀管热轧抗海水腐蚀管热轧或热扩适用于各种海上输送管道、结构件和电站用管等成无18、热轧石油套管结晶机用管热轧石油套管结晶机用管控制终轧温度主要用于45度结晶器成无19、热轧汽缸套用钢管热轧汽缸套用钢管退火用于柴油机汽缸套及其他结构件成无20、热轧抽油杆用管热轧抽油杆用管热轧或热处理用于油田抽油设备天津钢管21、热轧高压气瓶用管热轧高压气瓶用管热轧或热处理用于制造高压气瓶包钢、成无22、热轧不锈钢管热轧不锈钢管热轧、热处理用于化工、石油、轻工、食品、机械仪表等工业耐热容器、输送管道及机械结构件成无、西宁钢厂、热挤压不锈钢管热挤压、固溶或酸洗用于化工、石油、轻工、食品、机械仪表等工业耐热容器、输送管道及机械结构件长特热轧无缝钢管

钢材的保管

2019-03-19 11:03:29

钢材的保管双击自动滚屏发布者：聊城市联谊物资有限公司发布时间：2008-11-9 阅读：95次【字体：大中小】 1．选择适宜的场地和库房 1)保管钢材的场地或仓库，应选择在清洁干净、排水通畅的地方，远离产生有害气体或粉尘的厂矿。在场地上要清除杂草及一切杂物，保持钢材干净 2)在仓库里不得与酸、碱、盐、水泥等对钢材有侵蚀性的材料堆放在一起。不同品种的钢材应分别堆放，防止混淆，防止接触腐蚀 3)大型型钢、钢轨、辱钢板、大口径钢管、锻件等可以露天堆放 4)中小型型钢、盘条、钢筋、中口径钢管、钢丝及钢丝绳等，可在通风良好的料棚内存放，但必须上苫下垫 5)一些小型钢材、薄钢板、钢带、硅钢片、小口径或薄壁钢管、各种冷轧、冷拔钢材以及价格高、易腐蚀的金属制品，可存放入库 6)库房应根据地理条件选定，一般采用普通封闭式库房，即有房顶有围墙、门窗严密，设有通风装置的库房 7)库房要求晴天注意通风，雨天注意关闭防潮，经常保持适宜的储存环境

钢材的密度

2019-03-19 09:03:26

我们常说的钢材的密度有以下几种方面: 钢的密度为： 7.85g/cm3 钢材理论重量计算钢材理论重量计算的计量单位为公斤（ kg ）。其基本公式为： W（重量，kg ）=F(断面积 mm2)×L(长度，m)×ρ(密度，g/cm3)×1/1000 各种钢材理论重量计算公式如下：名称（单位）计算公式符号意义计算举例圆钢盘条（kg/m） W= 0.006165 ×d×d d = 直径mm 直径100 mm 的圆钢，求每m 重量。每m 重量= 0.006165 ×1002=61.65kg 螺纹钢（kg/m） W= 0.00617 ×d×d d= 断面直径mm 断面直径为12 mm 的螺纹钢，求每m 重量。每m 重量=0.00617 ×12 2=0.89kg 方钢（kg/m） W= 0.00785 ×a ×a a= 边宽mm 边宽20 mm 的方钢，求每m 重量。每m 重量= 0.00785 ×202=3.14kg 扁钢（kg/m） W= 0.00785 ×b ×d b= 边宽mm d= 厚mm 边宽40 mm ，厚5mm 的扁钢，求每m 重量。每m 重量= 0.00785 ×40 ×5= 1.57kg 六角钢（kg/m） W= 0.006798 ×s×s s= 对边距离mm 对边距离50 mm 的六角钢，求每m 重量。每m 重量= 0.006798 ×502=17kg 八角钢（kg/m） W= 0.0065 ×s ×s s= 对边距离mm 对边距离80 mm 的八角钢，求每m 重量。每m 重量= 0.0065 ×802=41.62kg 等边角钢（kg/m） = 0.00785 ×[d （2b – d ）+0.215 （R2 – 2r 2 ）] b= 边宽 d= 边厚 R= 内弧半径 r= 端弧半径求20 mm ×4mm 等边角钢的每m 重量。从冶金产品目录中查出4mm ×20 mm 等边角钢的R 为3.5 ，r 为1.2 ，则每m 重量= 0.00785 ×[4 ×（2 ×20 – 4 ）+0.215 ×（3.52 – 2 ×1.2 2 ）]=1.15kg 不等边角钢（kg/m） W= 0.00785 ×[d （B+b – d ）+0.215 （R2 – 2 r 2 ）] B= 长边宽 b= 短边宽 d= 边厚 R= 内弧半径 r= 端弧半径求30 mm ×20mm ×4mm 不等边角钢的每m 重量。从冶金产品目录中查出30 ×20 ×4 不等边角钢的R 为3.5 ，r 为1.2 ，则每m 重量= 0.00785 ×[4 ×（30+20 – 4 ）+0.215 ×（3.52 – 2 ×1.2 2 ）]=1.46kg 槽钢（kg/m） W=0.00785 ×[hd+2t （b – d ）+0.349 （R2 – r 2 ）] h= 高 b= 腿长 d= 腰厚 t= 平均腿厚 R= 内弧半径 r= 端弧半径求80 mm ×43mm ×5mm 的槽钢的每m 重量。从冶金产品目录中查出该槽钢t 为8 ，R 为8 ，r 为4 ，则每m 重量=0.00785 ×[80 ×5+2 ×8 ×（43 – 5 ）+0.349 ×（82–4 2 ）]=8.04kg 工字钢（kg/m） W= 0.00785 ×[hd+2t （b – d ）+0.615 （R2 – r 2 ）] h= 高 b= 腿长 d= 腰厚 t= 平均腿厚 R= 内弧半径 r= 端弧半径求250 mm ×118mm ×10mm 的工字钢每m 重量。从金属材料手册中查出该工字钢t 为13 ，R 为10 ，r 为5 ，则每m 重量= 0.00785 ×[250 ×10+2 ×13 ×（118 –10 ）+0.615 ×（102 –5 2 ）]=42.03kg 钢板（kg/m2） W= 7.85 ×d d= 厚厚度 4mm 的钢板，求每m2 重量。每m2 重量=7.85 ×4=31.4kg 钢管（包括无缝钢管及焊接钢管（kg/m） W= 0.02466 ×S （D – S ） D= 外径 S= 壁厚外径为60 mm 壁厚4mm 的无缝钢管，求每m 重量。每m 重量= 0.02466 ×4 ×（60 –4 ）=5.52kg 名称牌号密度 /（g/cm3）灰铸铁 HT100～HT350 6.6--7.4 白口铸铁 S15、P08、J13等 7.4--7.7 可锻铸铁 KT30-6～KT270-2 7.2--7.4 铸钢 ZG45、ZG35CrMnSi等 7.8 工业纯铁 DT1--DT6 7.87 普通碳素钢 Q195、Q215、Q235、Q255、Q275 7.85 优质碳素钢 05F、08F、15F 10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50 7.85 碳素工具钢 T7、T8、T9、T10、T12、T13、T7A、T8A、T9A、T10A、 T11A、T12A、T13A、T8MnA 7.85 易切钢 Y12、Y30 7.85 弹簧钢丝 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅱa、Ⅲ 7.85 低碳优质钢丝 Zd、Zg 7.85 锰钢 20Mn、60Mn、65Mn 7.81 铬钢 15CrA 20Cr、30Cr、40Cr 38CrA 7.74 7.82 7.80 铬钒钢 50CrVA 7.85 铬镍钢 12CrNi3A、20CrNi3A 37CrNi3A 7.85 铬镍钼钢 40CrNiMoA 7.85 铬镍钨钢 18Cr2Ni4WA 7.8 铬钼铝钢 38CrMoA1A 7.65 铬锰硅钢 30CrMnSiA 7.85 铬锰硅镍钢 30CrMnSiNi2A 7.85 硅锰钢 60Si2nMnA 7.85 硅铬钢 70Si2CrA 7.85 高强度合金钢 GC-4、GC11 7.82 高速工具钢 W9Cr4V W18Cr4V 8.3 8.7 轴承钢 GCr15 7.81 不锈钢 0Cr13、1Cr13、2Cr13、3Cr13、4Cr13 Cr14、Cr17 Cr17Ni2、Cr18、9Cr18、Cr25、Cr28 0Cr18Ni9、1Cr18Ni9 1Cr18Ni9Ti、2Cr18Ni9 Cr18Ni11Nb 1Cr23Ni18、Cr17Ni3Mo2Ti 1Cr18Ni11Si4A1Ti 2Cr13Ni4Mn9 3Cr13Ni7Si2 7.7 7.75 7.85 7.85 7.9 7.9 7.52 8.5 8.0

钢材的分类

2019-03-14 09:02:01

线　　材：普线高线螺纹钢　　型　　材：工字钢槽钢角钢方钢重轨高工钢 H型钢圆钢不等边角钢扁钢轻轨齿轮钢六角钢耐热钢棒合结圆钢合工圆钢方管碳工钢轴承钢碳结圆钢不锈圆钢轴承圆钢矩型管弹簧钢　　板　　材：中厚板容器板中板碳结板锅炉板低合金板花纹板冷板热板冷卷板热卷板镀锌板电镀锌板电镀锌卷锰板不锈钢板　　硅钢片彩涂板彩钢瓦楞铁镀锌卷板热轧带钢　　管　　材：焊管不锈钢管热镀锌管冷镀锌管无缝管螺旋管热轧无缝　　一、黑色金属、钢和有色金属　　在介绍钢的分类之前先简略介绍一下黑色金属、钢与有色金属的基本概念。　　1、黑色金属是指铁和铁的合金。如钢、生铁合金、铸铁等。钢和生铁都是以铁为根底，以碳为首要增加元素的合金，统称为铁碳合金。生铁是指把铁矿石放到高炉中冶炼而成的产品，首要用来炼钢和制作铸件。把铸造生铁放在熔铁炉中熔炼，即得到铸铁（液状），把液状铸铁浇铸成铸件，这种铸铁叫铸铁件。　　铁合金是由铁与硅、锰、铬、钛等元素组成的合金，铁合金是炼钢的质料之一，在炼钢时做钢的脱氧剂和合金元素增加剂用。　　2、把炼钢用生铁放到炼钢炉内按必定工艺熔炼，即得到钢。钢的产品有钢锭、连铸坯和直接铸成各种钢铸件等。一般所讲的钢，一般是指轧制成各种钢材的钢。钢归于黑色金属但钢不完全等于黑色金属。　　3、有色金属又称非铁金属，指除黑色金属外的金属和合金，如铜、锡、铅、锌、铝以及黄铜、青铜、铝合金和轴承合金等。另外在工业上还选用铬、镍、锰、钼、钴、钒、钨、钛等，这些金属首要用作合金附加物，以改进金属的功能，其间钨、钛、钼等多用以出产刀具用的硬质合金。以上这些有色金属都称为工业用金属，此外还有宝贵金属：铂、金、银等和稀有金属，包含放射性的铀、镭等。　　二、钢的分类　　钢是含碳量在0.04%-2.3%之间的铁碳合金。为了保证其耐性和塑性，含碳量一般不超越1.7%。钢的首要元素除铁、碳外，还有硅、锰、硫、磷等。钢的分类办法多种多样，其首要办法有如下七种：　　1、按质量分类　　(1) 普通钢（P≤0.045%，S≤0.050%）　　(2) 优质钢（P、S均≤0.035%）　　(3) 高档优质钢（P≤0.035%，S≤0.030%）　　2.、按化学成份分类　　(1) 碳素钢：a.低碳钢（C≤0.25%）；b.中碳钢（C≤0.25~0.60%）；c.高碳钢（C≤0.60%）。　　(2)合金钢：a.低合金钢（合金元素总含量≤5%）b.中合金钢（合金元素总含量＞5~10%）c.高合金钢（合金元素总含量＞10%）。　　3、按成形办法分类：(1) 锻钢；(2) 铸钢；(3) 热轧钢；(4) 冷拉钢。　　4、按金相安排分类　　(1) 退火状况的a.亚共析钢（铁素体+珠光体）b.共析钢（珠光体）c.过共析钢（珠光体+渗碳体）d.莱氏体钢（珠光体+渗体）。　　(2) 正火状况的：a.珠光体钢；b.贝氏体钢；c.马氏体钢；d.奥氏体钢。　　(3) 无相变或部分发作相变的　　5、按用处分类　　(1) 建筑及工程用钢：a.普通碳素结构钢；b.低合金结构钢；c.钢筋钢。　　(2) 结构钢a.机械制作用钢：(a)调质结构钢；(b)表面硬化结构钢：包含渗碳钢、钢、表面淬火用钢；(c)易切结构钢；(d) 冷塑性成形用钢：包含冷冲压用钢、冷镦用钢。　b.弹簧钢　c.轴承钢　　(3) 工具钢：a.碳素工具钢；b.合金工具钢；c.高速工具钢。　　(4) 特殊功能钢：a.不锈耐酸钢b.耐热钢包含抗氧化钢、热强钢、气阀钢c.电热合金钢；d.耐磨钢；e.低温用钢；f.电工用钢　　(5) 专业用钢¡¡如桥梁用钢、船只用钢、锅炉用钢、压力容器用钢、农机用钢等。　　6、归纳分类　　(1)普通钢a.碳素结构钢：(a) Q195；(b) Q215(A、B)；(c) Q235(A、B、C)；(d)Q255(A、B)；(e) Q275。b.低合金结构钢c.特定用处的普通结构钢　　(2)优质钢（包含高档优质钢）a.结构钢：(a)优质碳素结构钢；(b)合金结构钢；(c)弹簧钢；(d)易切钢；(e)轴承钢；(f)特定用处优质结构钢.b.工具钢：(a)碳素工具钢；(b)合金工具钢；(c)高速工具钢。c.特殊功能钢：(a)不锈耐酸钢；(b)耐热钢；(c)电热合金钢；(d)电工用钢；(e)高锰耐磨钢。　　7、按冶炼办法分类　　(1) 按炉种分a.平炉钢:(a)酸性平炉钢；(b)碱性平炉钢。b.转炉钢:(a)酸性转炉钢;(b)碱性转炉钢。或 (a)底吹转炉钢;(b)侧吹转炉钢；(c)顶吹转炉钢。c.电炉钢:(a)电弧炉钢；(b)电渣炉钢；(c)感应炉钢；(d)真空自耗炉钢；(e)电子束炉钢。　　(2)按脱氧程度和浇注准则分a.沸腾钢；b.半镇静钢；镇静钢；d.特殊镇静钢。

钢材热镀锌

2017-06-06 17:50:07

钢材热镀锌是提高钢材耐锈蚀性能、装饰美观的一种工艺手法。也是目前最常用的钢材镀锌的方法。钢材（Steel）：是钢锭、钢坯或钢材通过压力加工制成所需要的各种形状、尺寸和性能的材料。钢材是国家建设和实现四化必不可少的重要物资，应用广泛、品种繁多，根据断面形状的不同、钢材一般分为型材、板材、管材和金属制品四大类、为了便于组织钢材的生产、订货供应和搞好经营管理工作，又分为重轨、轻轨、大型型钢、中型型钢、小型型钢、钢材冷弯型钢，优质型钢、线材、中厚钢板、薄钢板、电工用硅钢片、带钢、无缝钢管钢材、焊接钢管、金属制品等品种。钢是含碳量在0.04%-2.3%之间的铁碳合金。为了保证其韧性和塑性，含碳量一般不超过1.7%。钢的主要元素除铁、碳外，还有硅、锰、硫、磷等。热镀锌也叫热浸锌和热浸镀锌，是一种有效的金属防腐方式，主要用于各行业的金属结构设施上。是将除锈后的钢件浸入500℃左右融化的锌液中，使钢构件表面附着锌层，从而起到防腐的目的。热镀锌生产工艺流程主要包括：原板准备→镀前处理→热浸镀→镀后处理→成品检验等。热镀锌是由较古老的热镀方法发展而来，自从1836年法国把热镀锌应用于工业以来，已经有170年的历史了。然而近30年来，伴随冷轧带钢的飞速发展，热镀锌工业得到了大规模发展。热镀锌钢材在镀锌钢材市场上需求量大，相反电镀锌钢材使用的少，只有部分小企业还在制造电镀锌产品，电镀锌已被禁止。热镀锌钢材包括热镀锌钢管、热镀锌板、热镀锌带钢、热镀锌角钢、热镀锌扁钢等等，这些都是热镀锌钢材产品，之所以对这些产品热镀锌，是为了达到防腐的目的。中国钢材需要的政策面固然很踊跃，然而产能过剩不是在2010年就可以处理的成绩。只需产能过剩使不得无效处理，只管出什么样的计划，不落到实处，在弱势需要的条件下，钢材价格很难有大的走强的态势涌现。但钢材镀锌后价格完全不同，结合镀锌所带来的优势，镀锌钢材价格有望走上坡。

镀锌钢材

2017-06-06 17:50:05

镀锌钢材是一个统称，镀锌钢管、镀锌板、镀锌角钢、镀锌扁钢、镀锌角铁等都属于镀锌钢材。方管，是方形管材的一种称呼，也就是边长相等的的钢管。是带钢经过工艺处理卷制而成。一般是把带钢经过拆包，平整，卷曲，焊接形成圆管，再由圆管轧制成方形管然后剪切成需要长度。一般是50根每包。角钢俗称角铁、是两边互相垂直成角形的长条钢材。有等边角钢和不等边角钢之分。等边角钢的两个边宽相等。其规格以边宽×边宽×边厚的毫米数表示。如“&ang;30×30×3”，即表示边宽为 30毫米、边厚为3毫米的等边角钢。也可用型号表示，型号是边宽的厘米数，如&ang;3#。镀锌板是指表面镀有一层锌的钢板。镀锌是一种经常采用的经济而有效的防腐方法。全世界锌产量的一半左右均用于此种工艺。镀锌是为防止钢板表面遭受腐蚀延长其使用寿命。槽钢是截面为凹槽形的长条钢材。其规格以腰高(h)*腿宽(b)*腰厚(d)的毫米数表示，如120*53*5，表示腰高为120毫米，腿宽为53毫米的槽钢，腰厚为5毫米的槽钢，或称12#槽钢。镀锌钢材种类繁多，应用于我们生活中的方方面面，而且镀锌钢材的价格也在上涨。首先是因为现在0#锌的价格在不断上扬，再加上近几年，我国建筑、家电等行业对镀锌干菜需求增长很快，市场潜力较大，尤其是近年来随着建筑轻型结构的迅速发展，轿车产量的逐年增加，家用电器的广泛普及，合资、独资企业电子产品的大量出口，使镀锌产品的消费量增长较快。目前，国内镀锌钢材的生产无论是数量还是品种均不能满足市场需求，每年需要大量进口，国内镀锌钢材生产市场占有率较低，国内市场供不应求，市场潜力巨大。 

家电用热轧硅钢薄板

2018-05-10 17:56:57

家电用热轧硅钢薄板（GBH46002-90）  　　家电用热轧硅钢薄板的牌号以J（家）D（电）R（热轧）表示，即JDR。JDR后数字为铁损值*100，横线后数字为钢板厚度(mm)*100。家电用热轧硅钢片对电磁性能要求可稍低一点，铁损值（P15/50）最低值为5.40W/kg。一般不经配洗交货。  　　用于各种电风扇、洗衣机、吸尘器、抽油烟机等家用电器的微分电机等。

钢材基础知识

2019-03-14 09:02:01

1、碳素钢的界说及钢中五元素　　含碳2%以下的铁碳合金称为钢。　　碳素钢中的五元素是指化学成份中的首要组成物，即 C、Si、Mn、S、P（碳、硅、锰、硫、磷）。其次是在炼钢进程中不可避免地　　会混入气体，含O、H、N（氧、氢、氮）。此外，用铝¡硅脱氧冷静工艺中，必定在钢水中含有 Al，当Als（酸溶铝）≥0。020%时，　　还有细化晶粒的效果。　　2、钢铁是怎样炼成的？　　炼钢的首要任务是按所炼钢种的质量要求，调整钢中碳和合金元素含量到规则规模之内，并使P、S、H、O、N等杂质的含量降至允许定量之下。　　炼钢进程实质上是一个氧化进程，炉猜中过剩的碳被氧化，焚烧成CO气体逸出，其它Si、P、Mn 等氧化后进入炉渣中。S部份进入　　炼渣中，部份则生成SO2排出。当钢水成份和温度到达工艺要求后，即可出钢。为了除掉钢中过剩的氧及调整化学成份，能够增加脱氧剂和铁合金或合金元素。　　3、转炉炼钢简介　　从车运来的铁水通过脱硫、挡渣等处理后即可倒入转炉中作为首要炉料，另加10% 以下的废钢。然后，向转炉内吹氧焚烧，铁水中的过量碳被氧化并放出很多热量，当探头测得到达预订的低碳含量时，即中止吹氧并出钢。一般在钢包中需进行脱氧及调整成份操作；然后在钢液表面抛上碳化稻壳避免钢水被氧化，即可送往连铸或模铸工区。　　对要求高的钢种可增加底吹氩、RH真空处理、喷粉处理（喷SI¡CA粉及变性石灰）能够有用下降钢中的气体与搀杂，并有进一步降碳及降硫的效果。在这些炉外精粹办法后还能够终究微调成份，满意优质钢材的需求。　　4、初轧　　模铸钢锭采纳热装、热送新工艺，进入均热炉加热，然后通过初轧机及钢坯连轧机轧成板坯、管坯、小方坯等初轧产品，通过切头、　　切尾、表面整理，（火焰整理、打磨）高质量产品则还需对初轧坯进行扒皮和探伤，查验合格后入库。　　现在初轧厂的产品有初轧板坯、轧制方坯、氧气瓶用钢坯、齿轮用圆管坯、铁路车辆用车轴坯及塑模用钢等。　　初轧板坯首要直销热轧厂作为质料；轧制方坯除部份外供，首要送往高速线材轧机作质料。　　因为连铸板坯的先进性，初轧板坯的需求量大为减少，因而转向上述其它产品了。　　5、热连轧　　用连铸板坯或初轧板坯作质料，经步进式加热炉加热，高压水除鳞后进入粗轧机，粗轧料经切头、尾、再进入精轧机，施行计算机控制轧制，终轧后即通过层流冷却（计算机控制冷却速率）和卷取机卷取、成为直发卷。直发卷的头、尾往往呈舌状及鱼尾状，厚度、宽度精度较差，边部常存在浪形、折边、塔形等缺点。其卷重较重、钢卷内径为760mm。(一般制管职业喜欢运用。)　　将直发卷经切头、切尾、切边及多道次的矫直、平坦等精整线处理后，再切板或重卷，即成为：热轧钢板、平坦热轧钢卷、纵切带等产品。　　热轧精整卷若经酸洗去除氧化皮并涂油后即成热轧酸洗板卷。该产品有部分代替冷轧板的趋向，报价适中，深受广阔用户喜欢。　　宝钢新出资的一条热轧酸洗线正在严重建设中。　　6、冷连轧　　用热轧钢卷为质料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其制品为轧硬卷，因为接连冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑目标下降，因而冲压功能将恶化，只能用于简略变形的零件。　　轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的质料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退前方。轧硬卷重一般在6~13.5吨，钢卷内径为610mm。　　一般冷连轧板、卷均应通过接连退火（CAPL机组）或罩式炉退火消除冷作硬化及轧制应力，到达相应标准规则的力学功能目标。　　冷轧钢板的表面质量、外观、尺度精度均优于热轧板，且其产品厚度右轧薄至0.18mm左右，因而深受广阔用户喜爱。　　以冷轧钢卷为基板进行产品的深加工，成为高附加值产品。如电镀锌、热镀锌、耐指纹电镀锌、彩涂钢板卷及减振复合钢板、PVC 复膜钢板等，使这些产品具有漂亮、高抗腐蚀等优秀质量，得到了广泛应用。　　冷轧钢卷经退火后有必要进行精整，包含切头、尾、切边、矫平、平坦、重卷、或纵剪切板等。冷轧产品广泛应用于轿车制造、家电产品、外表开关、建筑、工作家具等职业。钢板捆包后的每包分量为3~5吨。平坦分卷重一般为3~10吨/卷。钢卷内径610mm。　　7、钢的力学功能　　7．1拉力实验　　按标准制备的拉力试样，装置在拉力实验机的夹头内，对试样缓慢施加单轴向拉伸应力，直至试样被拉断停止的实验称作拉力实验。　　7．1．1强度　　金属材料在外力效果下，反抗变形和开裂的才能叫强度。强度目标包含：份额极限、弹性极限、屈从强度、抗拉强度等。　　7．1．2份额极限　　对金属施加拉力，金属存在着力与变构成直线份额的阶段，而这个阶段的最大极限负荷Pp除以试样的原横截面积即为份额极限，用 σ P表明。　　7．1．3弹性极限　　金属受外力效果发作了变形，外力去掉后，能彻底康复本来的形状，这种变形称为弹性变形。金属能坚持弹性变形的最大应力称为弹性极限，用σe表明。　　7．1．4抗拉强度　　试样拉伸时，在拉断前所接受的最大负荷除以原横截面积所得的应力，称作抗拉强度，用σb表明。当材料所受的外应力大于其抗拉强度时，将会发作开裂。因而σb越高，则表明它能接受愈大的外应力而不致于开裂。　　国外标准的结构钢常按抗拉强度来分类，如SS400，其间400即表明σb的最小值为400MPa超高强度钢是指σb≥1373 Mpa的钢。　　7．1．5屈强比　　屈强比即屈从强度与抗拉强度之比值（σS/σb）。屈从比值越高，则该材料的强度愈高，屈强比值愈低则塑性愈佳，冲压成形性愈好。如深冲钢板的屈强比值为≤0.65。　　弹簧钢一般均在弹性极限规模内执役，受载荷时不允许发生塑性变形，因而要求弹簧钢经淬火、回火后具有尽可能高的弹性极限和屈强比值（σS/σb≥0.90）此外疲惫寿数与抗拉强度及表面质量往往有很大干系。　　7．1．6塑性　　金属材料在受力损坏前能够饱尝永久变形的功能称为塑性。塑性目标一般伸长率和断面缩短率表明。伸长率与断面缩短率越高，则塑性越好。　　8、冲击耐性　　用必定尺度和形状的金属试样，在规则类型的冲击实验上受冲击负荷折断时，试样刻槽处单位横截面上所耗费的冲击功，称为冲击耐性以αk表明。　　现在常用的10×10×55mm，带2 mm深的V形缺口夏氏冲击试样，标准上直接选用冲击功（J焦耳值）AK，而不是选用αK值。因为单位面积上的冲击功并无实践意义。　　冲击功关于查看金属材料在不同温度下的脆性转化最为灵敏，而实践执役条件下的灾难性破断事端，往往与材料的冲击功及执役温度有关。　　因而在有关标准中常常规则某一温度时的冲击功值为多少、还规则FATT（断口面积转化温度）要低于某一温度的技能条件。所谓FATT，即一组在不同温度下的冲击试样冲断后，对冲击断口进行鉴定，当脆性开裂占总面积的50%时所对应的温度。　　因为钢板厚度的影响，对厚度≤10mm的钢板，可获得3/4小尺度冲击试样（7.5×10×55mm）或1/2小尺度冲击试样（5×10×55mm）。可是必定要注意，同规格及同一温度下的冲击功值才可彼此比较。只要在标准规则的条件下，才可按标准的换算办法，折算成标准冲击试样的冲击功，再彼此比较。　　9、硬度实验　　金属材料反抗压头（淬硬的钢球或具有1200圆锥或角锥的金刚石压头）压陷表面的才能称为硬度。依据实验办法和适用规模的不同，硬度可分为布氏硬度、洛氏硬度、维氏硬度、肖氏硬度以及显微硬度、高温硬度等。　　冶金产品常用的是布氏硬度和洛氏硬度。　　10、宝钢厂商标准（Q/BQB）　　宝钢企标中的钢号大致可分为三个来历即从日本JIS标准、德国DIN标准移植及自行开发研发的钢号。从日本JIS标准中移植来的钢号，一般首位常为S（Steel）；从DIN标准移植来的钢号，一般常以ST最初（Stahl德文中的“钢”）；宝钢自行开发研发的钢号，一般首位常以宝钢的拼音首位B最初。　　11、结构用热连轧、冷连轧钢板及钢带　　结构钢一般按强度分类，在钢号中的数字往往代表抗拉强度的最低值。因为该类钢常用于制造结构件，因而称作为结构钢。结构钢的强化机制倾向于降碳增锰固溶强化铁素体、细化珠光体和增加微合金的分出强化、沉积强化和细晶强化，以保证在进步强度的一起仍坚持较好的韧、塑目标并兼具杰出的焊接功能。

Q255钢材

2019-03-19 10:00:29

Q255钢材化学成分Q255钢材牌号Q255钢材等级Q255钢材化学成分（质量分数）（%）CMnSiSP≤Q255A0.18~0.280.40~0.700.300.0500.045B0.045 Q255钢材力学性能Q255钢材牌号拉力强度MPa屈服点MPa伸长率（%）Q255410~55025524

热轧（扩）无缝钢管

2019-03-19 11:03:29

碳素钢、低合金钢结构管热轧（扩）无缝钢管产品名称热轧（扩）无缝钢管交货状态热轧（扩）无缝钢管主要用途热轧（扩）无缝钢管主要生产单位热轧炭素钢、底合金钢结构管热轧适应于一般结构、机械结构件天津无缝钢管厂、衡管、冶钢、鞍钢、上一、合钢、通钢、本钢、西宁钢厂、长特、成无、安钢、包钢、热轧管件用管热轧用于管件和其他用途包钢热轧结构管热轧制造各种较高要求的管道、容器、设备及其他结构件宝钢热轧一般结构炭素钢管热轧用于各种结构件及其他结构件成都无缝热轧机械结构用炭素钢管热轧用于机械、汽车、家具及其他机械零件成都无缝2、热轧合金钢结构管热轧合金钢结构管热轧或热处理适用于一般结构、机械结构件冶钢、衡管、鞍钢、上一、本钢西宁钢厂、成无、天津钢管公司热挤压合金结构管热挤压或热处理一般结构和机械结构用管长特热扩合金钢结构管热轧用于结构件成无热轧结构管热轧用于一般结构、机械结构件天津钢管公司热轧结构用合金钢管热轧用于机械、汽车及其他零件成无3、热轧流体管热轧流体管热轧适用于输送一般流体天津钢管公司、冶钢、衡管、鞍钢、上一、合钢、通钢、西宁钢厂、成无、安钢、包钢、、热轧配管用炭素钢管热轧用于压力较底的蒸汽、水、油、煤气等配管成无热轧管热轧用于非镀锌和热镀锌钢管成无4、热轧低中压锅炉管热轧低中压锅炉管热轧制造各种结构低中压锅炉过热蒸汽管、沸水管及机车锅炉用过热蒸汽管、大烟管、小烟管和拱砖管衡管、冶钢、上一、鞍钢、通钢、西宁钢厂、成无、天津无缝、包钢、热轧低中压锅炉管热轧或热处理制造各类锅炉（电站、工业、生活等用锅炉宝钢热轧压力配管用碳钢管热轧用于温度低于350度所使用的压力配管成无5、热轧高压锅炉管热轧高压锅炉管热轧或热处理高压及其以上压力水管锅炉受热面用管冶钢、上一、鞍钢、成无、天津钢管、包钢、热轧高压锅炉管热处理制造蒸汽电站锅炉、蒸汽管道或压力容器宝钢、天津钢管热轧高温用碳钢管热处理高温用碳钢管成无热轧锅炉热交换器用碳钢管热处理用于钢管内外进行热传导为目的的管道成无6、热轧石油油管热轧石油油管车螺纹带接箍油井抽油用钢管宝钢、鞍钢热轧石油套管热轧、调质、热处理、车螺纹带接箍、水淬＋回火、油淬＋回火、在线常化油井固井用钢管宝钢、成无、天津钢管、包钢热轧石油钻杆成品（对焊工具接头后）正火或调质油井钻井用钢管宝钢、热轧石油管线管热轧制造石油和天然气输送用管线宝钢热轧石油管线管热轧或热处理用于石油输送管成无热轧石油管线管热轧或热处理、在线常化、常化＋回火、淬火＋回火用于输送石油、天然气和矿浆天津钢管7、热轧船管热轧船管热轧适用于制造船舶用I级、II级耐压管系、锅炉及过热器鞍钢、上一热轧船管热轧船舶用低中压锅炉管、过热器管、耐压管成无热轧（扩）船管热轧用于耐压及低中压锅炉成无8、热轧地质管热轧地质管热轧或热处理用于地质钻探岩心管和套管天津钢管、上一、鞍钢、西宁钢厂、宝钢、成无9、热轧汽车半轴套管热轧汽车半轴套管热轧或热处理制造汽车半轴套管及驱动桥桥壳轴管鞍钢、上一、冶钢、衡管、西宁钢厂、10、热轧化肥设备用管热轧化肥设备用管热轧或热处理适用于制造化工设备和管道鞍钢、冶钢、西宁钢厂、成无、11、热轧石油裂化管热轧石油裂化管热轧或热处理适用于炼炉管、热交换器管和管道用管冶钢、鞍钢、西宁钢厂、成无、天津钢管、12、热轧轴承管热轧轴承管热轧用于制造普通滚动轴承套管冶钢13、热轧顶杆用管热轧顶杆用管热轧或热处理制造拔管机顶杆鞍钢14、热轧芯棒用管热轧芯棒用管热轧制作各种芯棒衡管15、热轧液压支架用管热轧液压支架用管热轧、热处理制造液压支架、立柱或其他液压件衡管、上一、天津钢管、成无、包钢热轧液压支架用管调质处理用于煤矿支护、液压件、机械结构等天津钢管16、热轧液压和结构用管热轧液压和结构用管热轧和热处理用于液压件和机械加工件成无17、热轧抗海水腐蚀管热轧抗海水腐蚀管热轧或热扩适用于各种海上输送管道、结构件和电站用管等成无18、热轧石油套管结晶机用管热轧石油套管结晶机用管控制终轧温度主要用于45度结晶器成无19、热轧汽缸套用钢管热轧汽缸套用钢管退火用于柴油机汽缸套及其他结构件成无20、热轧抽油杆用管热轧抽油杆用管热轧或热处理用于油田抽油设备天津钢管21、热轧高压气瓶用管热轧高压气瓶用管热轧或热处理用于制造高压气瓶包钢、成无22、热轧不锈钢管热轧不锈钢管热轧、热处理用于化工、石油、轻工、食品、机械仪表等工业耐热容器、输送管道及机械结构件成无、西宁钢厂、热挤压不锈钢管热挤压、固溶或酸洗用于化工、石油、轻工、食品、机械仪表等工业耐热容器、输送管道及机械结构件长特

钢材力学性能

2019-03-19 09:03:26

钢材力学性能是保证钢材最终使用性能（机械性能）的重要指标，它取决于钢的化学成分和热处理制度。在钢管标准中，根据不同的使用要求，规定了拉伸性能（抗拉强度、屈服强度或屈服点、伸长率）以及硬度、韧性指标，还有用户要求的高、低温性能等。　　①抗拉强度（σb）　　试样在钢铁拉伸过程中，在拉断时所承受的最大力（Fb），出以试样原横截面积（So）所得的应力（σ），称为抗拉强度（σb），单位为N/mm2（MPa）。它表示金属材料在拉力作用下抵抗破坏的最大能力。计算公式为：　　式中：Fb--试样拉断时所承受的最大力，N（牛顿）；　　So--试样原始横截面积，mm2。　　②屈服点（σs）　　具有屈服现象的金属材料，试样在拉伸过程中力不增加（保持恒定）仍能继续伸长时的应力，称屈服点。若力发生下降时，则应区分上、下屈服点。屈服点的单位为N/mm2（MPa）。　　上屈服点（σsu）：试样发生屈服而力首次下降前的最大应力；　　下屈服点（σsl）：当不计初始瞬时效应时，屈服阶段中的最小应力。　　屈服点的计算公式为：　　式中：Fs--试样拉伸过程中屈服力（恒定），N（牛顿）；　　So--试样原始横截面积，mm2。　　③断后伸长率（σ）　　在拉伸试验中，试样拉断后其标距所增加的长度与原标距长度的百分比，称为伸长率。以σ表示，单位为%。计算公式为：　　式中：L1--试样拉断后的标距长度，mm；　　L0--试样原始标距长度，mm。　　④断面收缩率（ψ）　　在拉伸试验中，试样拉断后其缩径处横截面积的最大缩减量与原始横截面积的百分比，称为断面收缩率。以ψ表示，单位为%。计算公式如下：　　式中：S0--试样原始横截面积，mm2； S1--试样拉断后缩径处的最少横截面积，mm2。　　⑤硬度指标　　金属材料抵抗硬的物体压陷表面的能力，称为硬度。根据试验方法和适用范围不同，硬度又可分为布氏硬度、洛氏硬度、维氏硬度、肖氏硬度、显微硬度和高温硬度等。对于管材一般常用的有布氏、洛氏、维氏硬度三种。　　A、布氏硬度（HB）　　用一定直径的钢球或硬质合金球，以规定的试验力（F）压入式样表面，经规定保持时间后卸除试验力，测量试样表面的压痕直径（L）。布氏硬度值是以试验力除以压痕球形表面积所得的商。以HBS（钢球）表示，单位为N/mm2(MPa)。　　其计算公式为：　　式中：F--压入金属试样表面的试验力，N；　　D--试验用钢球直径，mm；　　d--压痕平均直径，mm。　　测定布氏硬度较准确可靠，但一般HBS只适用于450N/mm2（MPa）以下的金属材料，对于较硬的钢或较薄的板材不适用。在钢管标准中，布氏硬度用途最广，往往以压痕直径d来表示该材料的硬度，既直观，又方便。　　举例：120HBS10/1000130：表示用直径10mm钢球在1000Kgf（9.807KN）试验力作用下，保持30s（秒）测得的布氏硬度值为120N/ mm2（MPa）。　　B、洛氏硬度（HK）　　洛氏硬度试验同布氏硬度试验一样，都是压痕试验方法。不同的是，它是测量压痕的深度。即，在初邕试验力（Fo）及总试验力（F）的先后作用下，将压头（金钢厂圆锥体或钢球）压入试样表面，经规定保持时间后，卸除主试验力，用测量的残余压痕深度增量（e）计算硬度值。其值是个无名数，以符号HR表示，所用标尺有A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、K等9个标尺。其中常用于钢材硬度试验的标尺一般为A、B、C，即HRA、HRB、HRC。　　硬度值用下式计算：　　当用A和C标尺试验时，HR=100-e 　　当用B标尺试验时，HR=130-e 　　式中e--残余压痕深度增量，其什系以规定单位0.002mm表示，即当压头轴向位移一个单位（0.002mm）时，即相当于洛氏硬度变化一个数。e值愈大，金属的硬度愈低，反之则硬度愈高。　　上述三个标尺适用范围如下：　　HRA（金刚石圆锥压头）20-88 　　HRC（金刚石圆锥压头）20-70 　　HRB（直径1.588mm钢球压头）20-100 　　洛氏硬度试验是目前应用很广的方法，其中HRC在钢管标准中使用仅次于布氏硬度HB。洛氏硬度可适用于测定由极软到极硬的金属材料，它弥补了布氏法的不是，较布氏法简便，可直接从硬度机的表盘读出硬度值。但是，由于其压痕小，故硬度值不如布氏法准确。　　C、维氏硬度（HV）　　维氏硬度试验也是一种压痕试验方法，是将一个相对面夹角为1360的正四棱锥体金刚石压头以选定的试验力（F）压入试验表面，经规定保持时间后卸除试验力，测量压痕两对角线长度。　　维氏硬度值是试验力除以压痕表面积所得之商，其计算公式为：　　式中：HV--维氏硬度符号，N/mm2(MPa)；　　F--试验力，N；　　d--压痕两对角线的算术平均值，mm。　　维氏硬度采用的试验力F为5（49.03）、10（98.07）、20（196.1）、30（294.2）、50（490.3）、100（980.7）Kgf(N)等六级，可测硬度值范围为5～1000HV。　　表示方法举例：640HV30/20表示用30Hgf（294.2N）试验力保持20S（秒）测定的维氏硬度值为640N/mm2(MPa)。　　维氏硬度法可用于测定很薄的金属材料和表面层硬度。它具有布氏、洛氏法的主要优点，而克服了它们的基本缺点，但不如洛氏法简便。维氏法在钢管标准中很少用。　　⑥冲击韧性指标　　冲击韧性是反映金属才来哦对外来冲击负荷的抵抗能力，一般由冲击韧性值（ak）和冲击功（Ak）表示，其单位分别为J/cm2和J（焦耳）。　　冲击韧性或冲击功试验（简称"冲击试验"），因试验温度不同而分为常温、低温和高温冲击试验三种；若按试样缺口形状又可分为"V"形缺口和"U"形缺口冲击试验两种。　　冲击试验：用一定尺寸和形状（10×10×55mm）的试样（长度方向的中间处有"U"型或"V"型缺口，缺口深度2mm）在规定试验机上受冲击负荷打击下自缺口处折断的实验。　　A、冲击吸收功Akv(u)--具有一定尺寸和形状的金属式样，在冲击负荷作用下折断时所吸收的功。单位为焦耳（J）或Kgf . m。　　B、冲击韧性值akv(u)--冲击吸收功除以试样缺口处底部横截面积所得的商。单位为焦耳/厘米2（J/cm2）或公斤力 . 米/厘米2（Kgf . m/cm2）。计算公式为：　　式中：Akv(u)--试样折断时所吸收的功，Kgf . m（J）；　　S --试样缺口处底部横截面面积，cm2。常温冲击试验温度为20±50C；低温冲击试验温度范围为<15～-1920C；高温冲击试验温度范围为35～10000C。　　低温冲击试验所用冷却介质一般为无毒、安全、不腐蚀金属和在试验温度下不凝固的液体或气体。如无水乙醇（酒精）、固态二氧化碳（干冰）或液氮雾化气（液氮）等。

q460钢材

2019-03-19 10:00:29

q460钢材化学成分q460钢材牌号等级q460钢材化学成分(质量分数)(%)C ≤MnSi ≤P ≤S ≤VNbTiAI≥Cr ≤Ni ≤ Q460C 0.201.00 ~ 1.70 0.550.0350.0350.02 ~ 0.200.015 ~ 0.0600.02 ~ 0.200.0150.700.70D0.0300.0300.0150.700.70E0.0250.0250.0150.700.70 q460钢材力学性能q460钢材牌号等级拉力强度MPa屈服点MPa伸长率（%）Q460A 550~720 460 17

热镀锌钢材

2017-06-06 17:50:06

热镀锌钢材包括热镀锌钢管、热镀锌板、热镀锌带钢、热镀锌角钢、热镀锌扁钢等等，这些都是热镀锌钢材产品，之所以对这些产品热镀锌，是为了达到防腐的目的。钢材（Steel）：是钢锭、钢坯或钢材通过压力加工制成所需要的各种形状、尺寸和性能的材料。钢材是国家建设和实现四化必不可少的重要物资，应用广泛、品种繁多，根据断面形状的不同、钢材一般分为型材、板材、管材和金属制品四大类、为了便于组织钢材的生产、订货供应和搞好经营管理工作，又分为重轨、轻轨、大型型钢、中型型钢、小型型钢、钢材冷弯型钢，优质型钢、线材、中厚钢板、薄钢板、电工用硅钢片、带钢、无缝钢管钢材、焊接钢管、金属制品等品种。钢是含碳量在0.04%-2.3%之间的铁碳合金。为了保证其韧性和塑性，含碳量一般不超过1.7%。钢的主要元素除铁、碳外，还有硅、锰、硫、磷等。热镀锌也叫热浸锌和热浸镀锌，是一种有效的金属防腐方式，主要用于各行业的金属结构设施上。是将除锈后的钢件浸入500℃左右融化的锌液中，使钢构件表面附着锌层，从而起到防腐的目的。热镀锌生产工艺流程主要包括：原板准备→镀前处理→热浸镀→镀后处理→成品检验等。现在钢材的表面镀锌主要采用的方法是热镀锌。热镀锌是由较古老的热镀方法发展而来，自从1836年法国把热镀锌应用于工业以来，已经有170年的历史了。然而近30年来，伴随冷轧带钢的飞速发展，热镀锌工业得到了大规模发展。热镀锌钢材在镀锌钢材市场上需求量大，相反电镀锌钢材使用的少，只有部分小企业还在制造电镀锌产品，电镀锌已被禁止。