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棉岩彩钢板百科

铝镁锰合金屋面板与彩钢板的对比

2018-12-27 15:51:50

金属板作为屋面材料的使用已有数百年的历史了,大量采用金属材料做为屋面材料主要是因为自60年代以来世界冶金工业的飞速发展,能够生产出了各种规格及满足质量要求的金属板材,且降低了成本。        金属屋面材料主要有镀锌钢板、不锈钢板、铝合金板、铜板、锌铜钛合板及纯钛板等。金属板屋面的优点是施工简单,速度快,防水性能好,可重复利用。除可耐地球气候所能产生的最高温和最低温外,在作为屋面材料使用时很少受气候及屋面变形所产生应力的影响,人们还可根据情况涂刷各种颜色的涂料。        铝镁锰合金板屋面/幕墙系统主要使用3000系列的铝锰(铝锰镁)合金,3000系列铝锰合金的延伸率、硬度、抗拉强度、屈服强度等指标均非常适于屋面卷边、轧压设备的加工。因此广泛应用在屋面/墙面系统等建筑外维护工程中,并且配合各种涂漆系统和涂装工艺使建筑外观变得丰富多彩,还增加了铝合金本身的防腐蚀性。        屋面选用的铝质材料的厚度最低为0.7mm,当铝材厚度为1mm时,其重量为2.7千克/平方米,厚度为0.7mm时,铝材的质量1.89千克/平方米。卷材的长度不限。        其主要特性有:密度为2.7,熔点为658,温度为20~100度时的线性膨胀系数为0.0000023,断裂负荷系数为8~12千克/平方毫米(根据材料硬度不同而变化),延伸率10~40%,厚度为0.7~1.2mm,当为铝波纹板时厚度可下降到0.6mm,固定方式除卷边咬合、铆钉固定外,还可以采用焊接的形式。        一、耐久性对比:铝镁锰合金能与大气形成氧化铝薄膜,防止被进一步腐蚀,使用于民用建筑一般有15-20年的涂层质保。建筑设计使用寿命50年以上。一般保证25年的产品质保期;彩钢板在潮湿空气及雨、雪水的侵蚀下容易腐蚀生锈致断裂事故发生,特别是铆钉、接缝的部位。        二、重量对比:铝镁锰合金重量轻(密度为2730千克/平方米);彩钢板重量比较重(密度为7850千克/平方米)        三、强度和钢度对比:铝镁锰合金的铝合金中有镁,锰的含量,因此具有一定的强度和刚度。但铝合金板材的内应力及硬化、强度等没有明显的屈服点,不如彩钢好;彩钢板强度和刚度比较好、不易变形等。        四、外观性对照:铝镁锰合金可分为非涂漆(锤纹、压花、预钝化氧化铝表面处理等)和涂漆类(PVDF、SMP、PE等);彩钢板可分为非涂漆(热镀铝锌合金钢带:光板)和涂漆类(PVDF、SMP、PE、HDP等)。        五、防雷性能:铝镁锰合金厚度一般为0.7mm和0.9mm,可直接作为防雷接闪器(国家规范《建筑防雷设计规范》GB50057),避免在屋面穿孔;彩钢板一般采用0.5mm厚镀铝锌和镀锌钢板,不能直接作为防雷接闪器,需另外架设防雷接闪器(如避雷针)。        六、安全消防:铝镁锰合金熔点低(660摄氏度)。耐高温性能较差,150度以上即迅速丧失强度。发生火灾时,屋面易被烧穿,使火势向外蔓延,而不向内横向蔓延,有助于消防员从顶部伸消防水管火;彩钢板钢的熔点高(1515摄氏度)。        七、成型:铝镁锰合金有良好的可焊接性,高可塑性,低温环境下,铝合金的强度及延展性能有所提高,具有良好的低温工作性能;彩钢板钢材在低温下容易发生冷脆。        八、性价比:铝镁锰合金性价比较高:质轻、防水、易弯弧、立体视觉效果好;彩钢板的性价比较低:质重、防水稍差、钢性强弯弧稍差、艺术效果不佳。

镀铝钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

aluminium coated sheet    一种将纯铝或含硅5%~10%的铝合金镀在碳钢板上制成的表面处理钢板。   镀铝钢板生产方法有热镀法、电泳法和真空蒸镀法。热镀法应用最广,因其比较经济。电泳法是将铝粉用电泳的方法均匀地镀覆在钢板表面,经小变形量的轧制使其相互紧密结合,再经500~700℃烧结处理。真空蒸镀法是在低温、真空度为0.0133Pa下进行的,其铝膜纯度高、致密,无针孔,因此耐蚀性能好。   镀铝钢板具有良好的抗高温氧化性,可在450℃下长期使用而不变色,最高使用温度可达750℃。还具有优异的耐大气腐蚀性,特别是能耐含SO2,H2S,CO2等工业大气的腐蚀,是镀锌钢板耐蚀性的3~6倍。多用于汽车排气系统、耐热器具、建筑材料等。 镀铝钢板的性质  镀铝板其价格为不锈钢的三分之一,是降低成本的好材料.  镀铝钢板可广泛用于:  汽车工业:消声器、排气管、油箱、隔热罩、反应器部件和歧管罩等。  建筑、农用矿山机械:柴油机消声器和隔热罩、剪草机和其它园林机械消声器等。  家用产品:烤箱、微波炉、电饭煲、多功能煲、慢炖锅、烤面包机、电热水器、电热水瓶、消毒柜、空调机、热交换器、电暧器、灯饰等。  厨房用具:煎锅、烧水壶、烤盘等。  户外产品:烧烤炉、炭炉、集/排烟口、烟窗。  因为镀铝钢板具有如下特点:  1、镀铝钢板具有极佳的耐高温性(550度)。  2、镀铝钢板可反射80%的入射热量。  3、镀铝钢板的机械强度与其基材的机械强度一致。  4、镀铝钢板对化学腐蚀有极强的耐蚀性。  5、可进行拉伸、冲压、拉管等成形加工。  6、可用标准 MAG 和TIG 焊接加工。  7、可直接接触食物。

厚钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

厚钢板是指厚度大于3毫米的钢板。厚钢板分为特厚钢板和中厚钢板。特厚钢板是指厚度不小于50毫米的钢板。特厚钢板主要用于造船、锅炉、桥梁和高压容器壳体等。中厚钢板是指厚度大于3毫米、小于5O毫米的钢板。中厚钢板主要用于造船、锅炉、桥梁、装甲和高压容器壳体等。       中厚钢板:厚度大于4mm的钢板属于中厚钢板。其中,厚度4.5-25.0mm的钢板称为中厚板, 厚度25.0-100.0mm的称为厚板,厚度超过100.0mm的为特厚板。     中厚板主要用途有哪些?     答:建筑工程、机械制造、容器制造、造船、桥梁等。     普通中厚板用途:广泛用来制造各种容器、炉壳、炉板、桥梁及汽车静钢钢板、低合金钢钢板、桥梁用钢板、造般钢板、锅炉钢板、压力容器钢板、花纹钢板、汽车大梁钢板、拖拉机某些零件及焊接构件。     桥梁用钢板用于大型铁路桥梁。要求承受动载荷、冲击、震动、耐蚀等。     造船钢板:用于制造海洋及内河船舶船体。要求强度高、塑性、韧性、冷弯性能、焊接性能、耐蚀性能都好。     锅炉钢板:用于制造各种锅炉及重要附件,由于锅炉钢板处于中温(350°C以下)高压状态下工作,除承受较高压力外,还受到冲击,疲劳载荷及水和气腐蚀,要求保证一定强度,还要有良好的焊接及冷弯性能。     压力容器用钢板:主要用于制造石油、化工气体分离和气体储运的压力容器或其它类似设备,一般工作压力在常压到320kg/cm2甚至到630kg/cm2,温度在-20-450°C范围内工作,要求容器钢板除具有一定强度和良好塑性和韧性外,还必须有较好冷弯和焊接性能。     汽车大梁钢,用于制造汽车大梁(纵梁、横梁)用厚度为2.5-12.0mm的低合金热轧钢板。由汽车大梁形状复杂,除要求较高强度和冷弯性能外,要求冲压性能好。1、按品质分类(1) 普通钢(P≤0.045%,S≤0.050%)(2) 优质钢(P、S均≤0.035%)(3) 高级优质钢(P≤0.035%,S≤0.030%)2.、按化学成份分类(1) 碳素钢:a.低碳钢(C≤0.25%);b.中碳钢(C≤0.25~0.60%);c.高碳钢(C≤0.60%)。(2) 合金钢:a.低合金钢(合金元素总含量≤5%);b.中合金钢(合金元素总含量>5~10%);c.高合金钢(合金元素总含量>10%)。3、按成形方法分类:(1) 锻钢;(2) 铸钢;(3) 热轧钢;(4) 冷拉钢。4、按金相组织分类(1) 退火状态的:a.亚共析钢(铁素体+珠光体);b.共析钢(珠光体);c.过共析钢(珠光体+渗碳体);d.莱氏体钢(珠光体+渗碳体)。(2) 正火状态的:a.珠光体钢;b.贝氏体钢;c.马氏体钢;d.奥氏体钢。(3) 无相变或部分发生相变的5、按用途分类(1) 建筑及工程用钢:a.普通碳素结构钢;b.低合金结构钢;c.钢筋钢。(2) 结构钢a.机械制造用钢:(a)调质结构钢;(b)表面硬化结构钢:包括渗碳钢、渗钢、表面淬火用钢;(c)易切结构钢;(d)冷塑性成形用钢:包括冷冲压用钢、冷镦用钢。b.弹簧钢c.轴承钢(3) 工具钢:a.碳素工具钢;b.合金工具钢;c.高速工具钢。(4) 特殊性能钢:a.不锈耐酸钢;b.耐热钢:包括抗氧化钢、热强钢、气阀钢;c.电热合金钢;d.耐磨钢;e.低温用钢;f.电工用钢。(5) 专业用钢——如桥梁用钢、船舶用钢、锅炉用钢、压力容器用钢、农机用钢等。6、综合分类(1)普通钢a.碳素结构钢:(a) Q195;(b) Q215(A、B);(c) Q235(A、B、C);(d) Q255(A、B);(e) Q275。b.低合金结构钢c.特定用途的普通结构钢(2)优质钢(包括高级优质钢)a.结构钢:(a)优质碳素结构钢;(b)合金结构钢;(c)弹簧钢;(d)易切钢;(e)轴承钢;(f)特定用途优质结构钢。b.工具钢:(a)碳素工具钢;(b)合金工具钢;(c)高速工具钢。c.特殊性能钢:(a)不锈耐酸钢;(b)耐热钢;(c)电热合金钢;(d)电工用钢;(e)高锰耐磨钢。7、按冶炼方法分类(1) 按炉种分a.平炉钢:(a)酸性平炉钢;(b)碱性平炉钢。b.转炉钢:(a)酸性转炉钢;(b)碱性转炉钢。或 (a)底吹转炉钢;(b)侧吹转炉钢;(c)顶吹转炉钢。c. 电炉钢:(a)电弧炉钢;(b)电渣炉钢;(c)感应炉钢;(d)真空自耗炉钢;(e)电子束炉钢。(2)按脱氧程度和浇注制度分a.沸腾钢;b.半镇静钢;c.镇静钢;d.特殊镇静钢。

锅炉钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

锅炉钢板主要是指用来制造过热器、主蒸汽管和锅炉火室受热面用的热轧中厚板材料,主要材质有优质结构钢及低合金耐热钢,常用的锅炉钢有平炉冶炼的低碳镇静钢或电炉冶炼的低碳钢,含碳量Wc在0.16%-0.26%范围内。由于锅炉钢板处于中温(350ºC以下)高压状态下工作,除承受较高压力外,还受到冲击,疲劳载荷及水和气的腐蚀,对锅炉钢的性能要求主要是有良好的焊接及冷弯性能、一定的高温强度和耐碱性腐蚀、耐氧化等。    锅炉及压力容器用板主要钢号及执行标准    (1)锅炉板主要钢号有:20g、16Mng、15CrMoVg、19Mng、22Mng    (2)压力容器用板主要钢号有:20R、16MnR、15MnNbR、15MnVNR    (3)执行标准:GB713-1997、GB6654-1996    锅炉及压力容器用板的主要用途    锅炉钢板广泛应用于石油、化工、电站、锅炉等行业,用于制作反应器、换热器、分离器、球罐、油气罐、液化气罐、核能反应堆压力壳、锅炉汽包、液化瓶、水电站高压水管、水轮涡壳等设备及构件 锅炉钢板是锅炉制造中非常关键的材料之一。超临界火电机组锅炉的发展,对锅炉钢板的性能提出了更高的要求。锅炉新材料的应用是由材料标准作为载体而实施的。对比分析我国标准与美国ASME 材料标准之间存在的差距,制定适合我国火电机组发展的先进的锅炉钢板标准,应是发展方向。关键词: 锅炉钢板;性能;标准;ASME; 超临界中图分类号: TG335. 5  文献标识码:B  文章编号: 1003 -0514(2005)04 -0037 -05  The comparison and development of the standard of Chinese and American boiler plate  ZHANG Xian( Babcock & Wilcox Beijing Company , Beijing 100001 , China )HUANG Ying( China Metallurgical Information & Standardization Research Institute , Beijing 100730 , China ) Abstract : Boiler plate is the important material of making boiler. The development of boiler of supercritical thermal power generator makes the claim for the capability of boiler plate. The application of the new material takes effect on the basis of material standard as a carrier. Compare and analyse the differences between Chinese and American ASME materials and de2 velop the boiler plate standard fit for our thermal power generator networks.  Key words : boilerplate; capability; standard;ASME; supercritical  0  前言临界火电技术的最现实的途径,但是只有充分了解掌 近年来火电机组向大型化、高参数化发展的趋势握国际上那些技术成熟的新材料,并将其纳入我国电日益明显,超临界参数的火电机组已经在我国大量设站锅炉用钢标准,建立适合我国火电机组发展的先进计建造。作为火电机组三大主机之一的锅炉,对其所的锅炉用钢体系,促进新型锅炉用钢国产化,才是发使用钢的耐高温高压、耐腐蚀、性能稳定等方面提出展我国超临界火电机组的关键。了更高的要求。新型锅炉用钢的研制、开发与应用, 锅炉钢板是锅炉制造中非常关键的材料之一,主一直是火电机组发展所面临的重大课题,各国均投入要是指用来制造锅炉中的锅壳、锅筒、集箱端盖、支吊了大量的人力、物力从事相关的研究工作。架等重要部件用的热轧专用碳素钢和低合金耐热钢 我国火电机组锅炉用钢的开发,近几十年来几乎中厚钢板材料。锅炉钢板常常处于中、高温和高压状处于完全停滞状态。目前超临界火电机组,甚至包括态下工作,除承受较高温度和压力外,还受到冲击,疲部分亚临界机组锅炉中的许多关键材料完全依赖进劳载荷及水和气的腐蚀,工作条件较差。如果锅炉在口。新材料的开发和应用是锅炉制造取得技术进步使用过程中发生破坏性事故,将会造成严重的损失。的基础,新材料是由材料标准和技术条件作为载体而因此锅炉钢板必须具有良好的物理性能、力学性能和实施的。虽然从国外购买先进材料是现阶段发展超可加工性,并在材料标准的技术条款中给予严格的规   收稿日期:2005-06-20 作者简介:张显,高级工程师,1985 年毕业于合肥工业大学材料工程系,现工作于北京巴威公司工程部。 . 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.  定,以满足其使用中的安全。 美国机械工程师协会(ASME) 负责制订、颁布和实施的锅炉压力容器技术规范,它不仅是统一的美国国家标准, 同时也是国际公认的标准法规系统。ASME 规范第II 卷材料篇,主要引用了美国材料试验学会(ASTM) 的相应材料标准和材料试验标准。在ASME 规范中允许使用的材料一般来说必须按照第II 卷的材料标准供货。因此,只有认真研究ASME 材料标准,并与我国锅炉钢板标准进行对比与分析,找出之间的差距,才能建立适合我国超临界火电机组发展的完善的锅炉用钢板标准和标准体系。 1  常用锅炉钢板及性能要求 从材料上来分,锅炉钢板可分为专用碳素钢板和低合金耐热钢板两类。锅炉钢板所用的材料对化学成分,特别是对磷、硫等有害元素和铬、镍、铜等残余元素有严格的控制;冶炼时还应进行良好的脱氧和去除非金属夹杂物,以保证良好的塑性和韧性;组织结构要求均匀,晶粒度控制在一定范围内(通常希望晶粒度在3~7 级之间);对表面质量和内部缺陷也有严格的要求;此外常温和高温力学性能必须保证。 根据工作条件不同,锅炉钢板又可分为制造室温及中温承压部件钢板和制造高温承压部件钢板两大类。 室温及中温(蠕变温度以下) 用锅炉钢板,大多采用碳素钢,包括碳钢、碳锰钢、碳锰硅钢等,即GB713  -1997 锅炉用钢板中的20g 、22Mng 、16Mng 、19Mng 钢,以及美国ASME SA -515ΠSA -515M 中高温压力容器用碳钢板、SA-299ΠSA -299M 压力容器用碳锰硅钢板等。主要用于制造锅炉的锅筒、中温以下集箱端盖等承压部件。要求其应具有较高的室温强度;良好的冲击韧性和较低的缺口敏感性;由于锅筒等部件在加工时需要大量的冷变形,因此还要具有良好的时效韧性;另外还要具备良好的加工工艺性和焊接性能;以及良好的低倍组织等。 高温(蠕变温度以上) 用锅炉钢板,一般采用低合金耐热钢,常用有铬钼钢、铬钼钒钢、铬钼钨钢等。例如GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板中的15CrMog 、12Cr1MoVg , 以及美国ASME SA -387ΠSA387 -M 压力容器用铬-钼合金钢板中的Gr22 、Gr91 和ASME SA -1017ΠSA1017 -M 压力容器用铬-钼-钨合金钢板中的Gr23 、Gr911 、Gr122 钢等。主要是用以制造高温集箱封头端盖、蒸汽管道堵板等高温承压部件。要求 其必须具有足够的高温持久强度和持久塑性;良好的高温组织稳定性;良好的高温抗氧化性(耐热性);以及良好的冷热加工工艺性(主要指冷弯变形和可焊接性) 等。 2  锅炉钢板标准对比分析 对锅炉制造行业来说,ASME 无疑是世界上最权威、最先进、最完善的建造规范。我国的锅炉行业在引进超临界火电机组锅炉的制造技术时,几乎无一例外的采用了美国机械工程师协会(ASME) 制订、颁布和实施的锅炉压力容器技术规范。 现阶段我国的锅炉钢板标准体系分为通用标准和产品标准两层,通用标准包括GBΠT247 钢板和钢带检验、包装、标志及质量证明书的一般规定和GBΠ T14977 热轧钢板表面质量的一般要求两个标准,产品标准仅GB713 锅炉用钢板1 个标准。另外我国还有一个压力容器钢板标准GB6654 压力容器用钢板, 但因为其与大型火电机组锅炉用钢板的要求相距甚远,因此不适合高压以上大型火电机组锅炉上使用。 美国ASME 规范第II 卷材料A 篇(铁基材料) 中, 有关锅炉和压力容器用钢板标准共约44 个,虽然在标准名称上都称作“压力容器用钢板”,但在每一个标准中的第一部分“适用范围”中,对本标准适用于锅炉还是压力容器,都做了明确的规定。所以适用于锅炉用钢板的标准大约有9 个,按体系也可以分为两层, 即通用标准1 个SA-20ΠSA-20M 压力容器用钢板通用要求和产品标准8 个SA-202ΠSA -202M 压力容器用铬锰硅合金钢板、SA-204ΠSA -204M 压力容器用钼合金钢板、SA-299ΠSA -299M 压力容器用碳锰硅钢板、SA-302ΠSA -302M 压力容器用锰钼和锰钼镍合金钢板、SA-387ΠSA -387M 压力容器用铬钼合金钢板、SA-515ΠSA -515M 中高温压力容器用碳钢板、SA-516ΠSA -516M 常低温压力容器用碳钢板、SA -1017ΠSA -1017M 压力容器用铬钼钨合金钢板。另外所有ASME 材料的物理性能、使用温度和许用应力等数据,都集中放在ASME 规范第II 卷D 篇材料性能当中,使用和查找十分便利。 通过对比ASME 锅炉钢板标准及体系可以看出, 我国锅炉钢板产品标准GB713 锅炉用钢板中,将不同品种和不同使用要求的锅炉钢板,以及锅炉钢板的一般性能和高温特殊性能等都放在一起表述,篇幅烦琐,对锅炉钢板的性能要求体现不够。ASME 锅炉钢板标准的制订是按材料加以区分的,每一类材料制订  第4 期               中美锅炉钢板标准的对比及发展 一个标准。标准内容除了规定了这一类材料的基本性能外,对具体用途和注意事项,以及协议条款等,在标准中都有非常详细的规定,充分体现了对锅炉钢板的性能要求,技术性突出,贸易性明显。标准体系和内容非常清晰,让人一目了然。用户在选择和使用上也很方便。 因此,现阶段我国的锅炉钢板标准及体系应加大力度重新予以制修订,以适应先进的超临界锅炉技术的发展对锅炉钢板的要求。 3  锅炉钢板标准发展探讨 上世纪80~90 年代,我国电力制造行业成功地引进了亚临界参数锅炉技术。为适应亚临界压力以下锅炉对锅炉钢板的要求,由鞍山钢铁集团公司、冶金工业信息标准研究院等单位,对GB713 -86 锅炉用碳素钢和低合金钢钢板进行了重新修订。新修订并一直沿用至今的锅炉钢板标准为GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板。在这个版本中,除了20g 和16Mng , 新增加了用于制造锅筒的19Mng (等同于德国标准19Mn6) 、22Mng (等同于美国标准SA299) 、13MnNiCrMoNbg (等同于德国标准BHW355) 等三个牌号,以及用于高温集箱端盖及支吊架等部件的15CrMog 、12Cr1MoVg 两个耐热钢牌号,其他内容也做了一定的修改。新修订的GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板,不仅基本上满足了亚临界压力以下锅炉锅筒、集箱端盖及其支吊件的要求, 为我国电力事业的发展做出了突出贡献,而且还带动了我国钢铁行业的技术进步和产品质量的提高。 进入本世纪以来,随着世界上超临界参数火电机组的发展,我国也开始引进并大量设计制造超临界参数火电机组。超临界火电机组锅炉大多采用直流循环,螺旋炉膛,用汽水分离器替代了锅筒汽包,锅炉中集箱的温度和压力更高,更多的使用一些新型的、性能优异的耐热合金钢。由于对锅炉钢板的性能提出了新的要求,因此一直沿用的GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板标准,其中的一些内容和技术指标,无论是与国外先进水平标准相比,还是与锅炉行业发展的相关要求相比,均存在着一定的差距,主要体现在下述几个方面:  3. 1  标准水平 锅炉钢板产品标准GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板,采用国际先进标准力度远远不够,标准水平只达到了国际一般水平。由于锅炉钢板标准属于重要用途的产品标准,安全可靠性要求严格,制造技术难度高,而且产量比较大。随着我国钢铁行业的生产技术和产品质量的不断提高,锅炉钢板标准应继续采用国际先进标准,加强采标力度,不断提高标准水平。 由于我国锅炉钢板产品标准只有一个,因此可以按照ASME 规范第II 卷D 篇材料性能的模式,制订一份有关我国锅炉钢板材料力学性能和物理性能的通用标准,也可以将这些材料性能完全放在产品标准GB713 中,包括锅炉设计选材时必须用到的高温规定非比例延伸强度(Rp0. 2) 、高温持久强度等力学性能, 以及常用的热膨胀系数、弹性模量等物理性能。另外如有可能,还可参照ASME 的方法,按不同材料、用途和性能,将锅炉用钢板标准细分成若干个标准(如专用碳素钢板、低合金耐热钢板等),以适应用户的需要和应用。 3. 2  外形尺寸 由于我国钢铁行业技术和装备水平的制约,锅炉用的宽厚钢板还几乎无法生产。GB713 仅适用于厚度6~150mm 的范围,而亚临界锅炉锅筒用的钢板厚度一般都在160~210mm 之间,只能依靠进口解决。我们只有提高那些重要用途、技术含量高的产品标准的水平,才有利于带动整个钢铁工业技术进步和产品质量提高,才能最终实现国产化,摆脱进口的束缚。 近年来,钢铁行业在国家良好的经济发展形式下,正大幅度的提高整体技术和装备水平。“十五”规划建设的宝钢5 000mm 宽厚板轧机工程项目,建成投产后其生产的锅炉钢板厚度可达到5~400mm 。作为我国第一套现代化的特宽幅宽厚板轧机,它的建设将带动我国宽厚板生产技术的跳跃式发展,对提升我国宽厚板产品档次,增强我国的综合国力,将发挥积极作用。我们应抓住国内钢铁技术和锅炉制造技术取得突破性进步这个机会,将新技术和新要求纳入锅炉钢板标准,并向国际先进水平标准靠拢,提高我国锅炉钢板标准的技术水平。 3. 3  材料牌号 材料标准和技术条件是材料应用的载体。随着火电机组参数的提高,锅炉制造水平不断进步,ASME 会随着每三年一次修订和每年的增补, 根据建造ASME 规范产品的需要和冶金技术的发展,适当地在原有钢种基础上新纳入和增加代表当今世界最新材料技术水平的新型材料。例如,为适应超临界锅炉集箱封头端盖和支吊架等部件对耐热钢板的要求,最新的2004 版ASME 规范第II 卷材料A 篇中,新制订了SA -1017ΠSA -1017M 压力容器用铬-钼-钨合金钢板标准。我国锅炉用钢板标准在新型材料的纳标上炉钢板材料几乎没有纳入。显得滞后,往往跟不上锅炉制造技术的发展,现行的GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板与ASME 锅炉钢板标GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板已经使用了8 年之久,材料准中材料牌号之间的对比,见表1 所示。品种偏少,供用户选择的余地小,特别是高温用的锅 表1  GB713 与ASME 锅炉钢板材料牌号对比 品种 材料 GB713   标准 材料 ASME   标准  碳锰钢 -16Mng   GB713 -1997 锅炉用钢板 SA516 -55 SA516 -60   SA -516ΠSA -516M 常低温压力容器用碳钢板  - SA516 -65   19Mng   SA516 -70   20g - SA515 -60 SA515 -65   SA -515ΠSA -515M 中高温压力容器用碳钢板  22Mng   SA515 -70   锰铬锰钼钢 22Mng ---13MnNiMoNbg   SA -299 SA -202 GrA 、GrB SA -204 GrA 、GrB 、GrC SA -302 GrA 、GrB 、GrC 、GrD   SA -299ΠSA -299M 压力容器用碳锰硅钢板SA -202ΠSA -202M 压力容器用铬锰硅合金钢板SA -204ΠSA -204M 压力容器用钼合金钢板SA -302ΠSA -302M 压力容器用锰钼和锰钼镍合金钢板等同于德国标准BHW355            铬钼钢 -15CrMog   SA -387Gr2 SA -387Gr12   SA -387ΠSA -387M 压力容器用铬钼合金钢板  SA -387Gr11   - SA -387Gr22 、22L   - SA -387Gr21 、21L   - SA -387Gr5   - SA -387Gr9   - SA -387Gr91   - SA -387Gr911   12Cr1MoVg   -  -- SA -1017Gr23 SA -1017Gr911   SA -1017ΠSA -1017M 压力容器用铬钼钨合金钢板  - SA -1017Gr122   通过表1 对比可以看出,用于室温及中温(蠕变温度以下) 的碳锰系列锅炉钢板, GB713 共收纳了5 个牌号,可以满足亚临界以下火电机组锅炉中汽包锅筒、水冷壁集箱端盖、以及低温过热器和省煤器集箱端盖、支吊架等零部件的需要。对于ASME 中的锰铬、锰钼等系列标准中的钢板牌号,我国火电机组锅炉基本不使用,因此不需要纳入我国锅炉钢板标准。用于高温( 蠕变温度以上) 的铬钼系列锅炉钢板, GB713 -1997 中牌号只有2 个。其中15CrMog 最高使用温度为550 ℃,12Cr1MoVg 最高使用温度为565 ℃。而超临界火电机组锅炉中的高温过热器和再热器集箱等部件的金属壁温已经达到600 ℃以上,15CrMog 和12Cr1MoVg 已经达不到要求,因此应将ASME 标准中那些可以使用在600 ℃及以上的材料SA -387Gr22Π 22L 、SA -387Gr91 、SA -387Gr911 、SA -1017Gr122 等, 纳入我国的锅炉用钢板标准,以适应超临界火电机组锅炉技术的发展,提升我国冶金和机电产品的整体水平。 3. 4  技术要求GB713 -1997 规定的技术要求,与ASME 锅炉钢板标准中规定的技术要求对比,见表2 。 从表2 中可以看出,ASME 锅炉钢板标准中的技术要求,除了化学成分和基本的力学性能必须保证外,其余大多是供不同的用户在不同的使用中,对钢板的技术要求做出不同选择的协议项目。ASME 充分体现了以市场为导向,以用户需求为目标的世界先  第4 期               中美锅炉钢板标准的对比及发展 进标准的指导思想。而我国的锅炉用钢板标准显得微量元素、冶炼、锻造、热处理、金相组织等各种因素计划经济体制痕迹较重,起草和制修订标准时,对标的变化而变化的,它是一个帮助分析、判断材料的工准所使用的行业特点没有清楚的反映出来,对用户真艺和质量水平的有效方法。另外,当锅炉运行一段时正需要的技术要求和保证条款调查和重视不够,没有间后,通过材料的冷脆转变温度的变化情况,还可以达到生产型标准向贸易型标准转变的功效。帮助预测锅炉的运行寿命。因此在GB713 当中,应 根据表2 的对比分析发现,ASME 钢板标准都将将落锤试验或系列冲击试验,以及铬钼钢的硬度试验落锤试验作为钢板技术要求中的协议项目,这是因为等作为协议条款给出,方便用户在不同的使用条件下锅炉钢板冷脆转变温度的高低是随材料的化学成分、进行选择。 表2  GB713 与ASME 锅炉钢板技术要求对比 技术指标 GB713   SA202   SA204   SA299   SA302   SA387   SA515   SA516   SA1017   化学成分 √   √   √   √   √   √   √   √   √   交货状态 Δ   Δ   √〔注2〕 √〔注3〕 √〔注3〕 √   √〔注3〕 √〔注2〕 √   常温拉伸 √   √   √   √   √   √   √   √   √   常温冲击 √   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   时效冲击 √〔注1〕 Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   冷弯试验 √   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   表面质量 √   √   √   √   √   √   √   √   √   无损探伤 Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   厚度方向拉伸 Δ   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   高温拉伸 Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   落锤试验 N   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   磁粉检验 N   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   Δ   奥氏体晶粒度 N   N   N   N   N   √〔注4〕 Δ   N   N   硬度 N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   √   〔注1〕:仅对20g 和16Mng 有要求。〔注2〕:厚度大于40mm 的钢板必须正火处理。〔注3〕:厚度大于50mm 的钢板必须正火处理。 〔注4〕:仅对Gr2 钢板有要求。√:规定或必检项目;Δ:协议项目;N: 没有规定 4  结束语 材料是火电机组锅炉建造的基础和技术核心之一。美国ASME 规范把材料及其标准列为第二卷,作为整个规范的一个重要组成部分。ASME 钢材标准不仅是钢材生产部门的质量标准,而且是钢材使用单位(设计、制造、检验) 在选用、采购、验收、检验、加工时的依据。ASME 钢材标准是在市场经济模式下,由供需双方共同编制,且以反映钢材使用者的要求为主的标准。ASME 锅炉钢板标准看似十分繁多,但仔细分析却又体系明确、联系紧密、互相呼应、配套性强, 是锅炉建造中不可缺少的一部分。 相对比较而言,我国锅炉钢板仅有GB713 一个标准,其中的材料品种、牌号、等级等,都远远少于ASME 规范,使用上受到很大局限性。另外,我国过去是在计划经济体制下,主要以供方为主编制钢材质量标准,没有更全面地反映钢材使用者的要求和反映锅炉建造的要求,因此锅炉钢板标准在许多方面还不能满足用户需求。 中国锅炉制造行业和冶金行业需要共同努力,深入分析、理解ASME 规范等世界先进标准,找出我国锅炉钢板标准的不足,明确发展方向。今后应继续加大采用国际标准和国外先进标准的力度,积极促进ASME 规范中国化和ASME 钢材国产化,制修订出适合我国火电机组锅炉技术发展的先进的锅炉钢板标准,提升我国锅炉制造行业和冶金行业的整体水平, 更好的为经济建设服务。

岩金矿床漫谈

2019-01-21 09:41:32

1.我国岩金矿床成矿的层控特征 1)大多数岩金矿床产在一定的大地构造环境的某一特定含矿建造中。矿床(点)密集分布,成群成带产出,其延伸与地层产状总体是一致的。 2)矿化围岩的含金丰度往往大于地壳中同类岩石丰度值的几倍至数十倍。 3)多数金矿矿体与围岩的同位素组合特征基本相似。如河南省小秦岭地区文峪金矿,矿石硫同位素δ34S为1.35‰,杨砦峪矿区硫同位素δ34S为1.55‰,金洞岔矿石硫同位素δ34S为-3.58‰,而两矿区地层δ34S为3.39‰,表现出矿石硫与地层硫特点相似。以此说明容矿层往往是矿源层。 4)我国岩金矿床产出的地层以太古宇为主,其次为元古宇、古生界、中生界均有金矿产出,但发育程度不一。矿化围岩有变质岩、沉积岩、火成岩类,其矿化情况各异。现就其主要矿化密集区的层控性概述如下: (1)华北地台金矿成矿域 本区金矿床(点)集中分布于板块的边缘及基底构造层的隆起区,并且主要产于太古宇结晶基底的中深变质岩系中。 ①燕山金矿密集区金矿集中分布于山海关及密云隆起区,容矿岩层为太古宇迁西群马兰峪组。该组混合岩化作用较强。岩层含金丰度0.7~0.83×10-6,高于同类岩石的25~200倍。本区已知金矿床(点)115处,有109个产于本岩层中。 ②辽西建平-北票金矿密集区 区内金矿床(点)80%以上集中分布于建平隆起区内。容矿岩层为建平群小塔子沟组的斜长角闪岩及斜长角闪片麻岩类。 ③夹皮沟金矿田金矿床主要产于太古宇鞍山群三道沟组下部的角闪斜长片麻岩、黑云斜长片麻岩、斜长角闪岩及角闪岩中。围岩含金丰度值平均41.5×10-9。根据320个硫同位素的研究,矿石硫δ34S平均为5.6‰;围岩硫δ34S为2.1‰。二者相近,硫源相同。 ④小秦岭金矿田:金矿围岩为太华群下部岩组,岩石类型为斜长角闪片麻岩、黑云斜长片麻岩及斜长角闪岩等。岩层含金丰度值平均为1.24×10-9。金矿δ34S平均为2.71‰,两者近乎相等,具密切成生关系。 上述各区容矿围岩,经原岩恢复为基-中基性火山岩建造。岩石呈黑绿色,亦称绿色岩系。这套含金建造是本区金矿的原始矿源层。它不仅是变质热液型金矿的矿源层,而且也是本区其他类型金矿的重要矿源层。 (2)江南古陆金矿成矿带金矿主要分布于江南古陆的雪峰隆起与幕府山隆起两区。其金矿床(点)95%左右产于元古宇冷家溪群及板溪群的含凝灰质绢云母板岩、砂质板岩中,其原岩为含泥质、凝灰质碎屑岩建造。局部可能有火山沉积岩。岩层含金丰度值平均为0.0012~0.03g/t,矿石δ34S为2.85‰;围岩δ34S为7.9‰。 (3)南岭金矿成矿区金矿主要分布于大瑶山槽背斜与云开隆起区,据统计,桂粤两省的金矿床(点)74%左右集中产于该区的寒武系八村群岩层里。区内寒武系为一套冒地槽类型复理石碎屑岩建造,其中夹多层碳质页岩及含碳质砂岩,含碳量高达10%左右。金矿围岩主要为硅质岩,碳质页岩及碳质碎屑岩等。 岩层含金丰度值,据南京大学化学光谱分析,碳质页岩平均32.5×10-9;泥质砂岩4.4×10-9。据广西冶勘公司分析,砂岩80×10-9,碳质页岩高达130×10-9,明显高于金的克拉克值。 桃花、古袍、云岭等矿区,矿石硫δ34S变化范围为-0.9‰~+6.4‰及1.05‰~8.2‰,显示有壳层硫的性质。桃花矿区铅同位素年龄为729~785Ma,比寒武纪地层和加里东花岗岩的时代还老。因而认为本区成矿物质来自深部,也来自寒武系含金矿源层。 本区北邻江南古陆,其基底为元古宇冷家溪群、板溪群,这一古老含金地层可为该区的上部寒武系提供金的物质来源。 2.构造对金矿成矿的控制 (1)大地构造格局与金矿的空间分布我国金矿明显受区域大地构造格局控制,尽管各个区域都有金矿化分布,但极不平衡,并各具自身特点,故大致可划分成五个金矿化域。 1) 华北型金矿化域华北准地台是我国最古老的地台,是太古宙及古元古代固化的鞍山群、建平群、单塔子群、阜平群及太华群等,岩系为一套变质较深、混合岩化作用较强的变基性火山-沉积岩建造,属优地槽相。其中,变基性火山岩类含金丰度普遍较高,是原始矿源层,也是本区金矿主要物质来源。 本区是我国主要金矿分布区,据统计,金矿床(点)数占全国总数85%以上。金储量占全国岩金总储量78%。金矿床主要分布于地台边缘及台内的基底断块隆起带内。区内主要以地台基底经区域变质热液作用,花岗岩化作用及燕山岩浆活动,叠生作用成矿为显著特征。属优地槽相。分布的金矿类型主要是变质热液型、花岗岩化热液型,其次为岩浆热液型及火山-次火山热液型金矿床。赋矿围岩即是矿源层,属近源型。成矿时代主要为古元古代和中生代。找矿远景潜力很大。 2) 扬子型金矿化域新元古代未形成的地台。基底岩系多出露于地台的边缘地带。如西部边缘康滇地轴上的昆阳群;东南边缘的冷家溪群、板溪群。地台内部的基底仅在个别地点出露且面积不大。如黄陵背斜的崆岭群等。基底构造为泥质板岩、变碎屑岩类。原岩为含泥质凝灰质碎屑岩、变质程度较浅,属优-冒地槽相。区内金矿床主要分布于地台边缘的隆起带内,地台东南边缘的雪峰古隆起及幕府山隆起金矿化更为集中,全区岩金矿床(点)数占全国的16%,储量占全国总量的7.8%。区内主要以扬子褶皱基底经区域变质热液作用及古生代盖层经地下热水溶解作用为成矿特征。金矿类型以变质热液为主,其次为岩浆热液型及地下热水深滤型金矿床。赋矿围岩为泥质凝灰质碎屑岩,以及碳酸盐类,成矿时代为元古宙、中生代。成矿物质来源于围岩或下部基底构造层。 3) 华南型金矿化域属华南-东南亚板块,位于扬子地台之南的华南褶皱系区间,这是一个加里东地槽褶皱系,褶皱基底构造层由震旦系-志留系组成,为复理石建造,属冒地槽相,变质程度较浅。区内主要以早古生代褶皱基底经区域变质、热液作用及加里东、燕山期岩浆活动的叠生作用成矿为主要特征。金矿床主要分布于大瑶山及云开隆起区内,金矿床(点)占全国总数13.3%,储量占全国岩金总量4.7%。金矿类型桂西为碳酸盐石英方解石脉型;粤桂交界为变质热液型及岩浆热液型。矿化围岩为寒武系含碳质碎屑岩、石炭系碳酸盐岩以及中酸性侵入岩,成矿物质来自深部构造层,成矿时代主要是加里东期,其次为燕山期。 4)太平洋型金矿化域我国东部受太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响,形成一个规模巨大的中新生代的大陆板块边缘活动带。其突出特点是中生代的北东向构造极为发育。另一个是形成一条庞大的中生代火山岩带。北起黑龙江畔,南达南海滨,长达3000多km,宽300~800km。火山岩由中基性到酸性,以酸性岩类居多。 伴随侵入与喷发活动,常常形成各类内生矿床。我国的火山-次火山热液型金矿主要产于该带内。如团结沟、奈林沟、赤卫沟、霍山、铜井、祁两沟、八宝山金矿床等,此外,尚分布岩浆热液型金矿床。前者主要产于中生代断陷盆地的边缘,受一定的断裂构造控制。 5)天山-兴安型金矿化域本区位于西伯利亚板块与塔里木-中朝板块之间的古生代地槽,为一巨大的东西向弧形海西褶皱带。本区海西期岩浆岩广布,近东西向断裂构造发育。 该区以盛产砂金著称。岩金仅分布于东西准噶尔、天山及佳木斯隆起区。金矿成矿主要与海西期及燕山期花岗岩浆活动有关为特点。区内金矿床(点)占全国7%,储量占全国岩金总量3%。本区的西北部以岩浆热液型为主,成矿时代主要为海西期,东北部则以次火山-火山热液型为主,其次为变质热液型金矿床。成矿时代主要是燕山期,其次为海西期。 综上所述,可以清楚看到: ①不同的大地构造单元,其金矿化强弱、金矿化特征都有所差异,各具自身特色。 ②我国金矿主要分布于东部地区,并且主要分布于古老的中朝板块内。 ③我国东部地区金矿层控性明显。成矿物质主要来自古老基底的矿源层;西部金矿床岩控及深断裂控制较为明显,成矿物质主要来源为基性-超基性岩。 ④我国火山-次火山热液型金矿床主要分布于东部中生代的大陆边缘活动带。 (2)区域构造对金矿的控制①我国金矿主要成矿带大都分布于古老板块的边缘,缝合边界的古岛形隆起地带,如阴山-燕山成矿带、秦岭-大别山成矿带分别受华北板块的北缘与南缘缝合边界隆起带控制。②板块内的台背斜、槽背斜等隆起区,控制着次级的成矿带(区)或矿化集中区的展布。如华北板块的建平隆起区,山海关隆起、胶东隆起、五凤嘉隆起等,皆为金矿集中分布区。③中朝板块的古老基底发育着东西向与北东向两组主要断裂带,其相交处附近通常是大型金矿富集部位。如比较明显的北纬40°断裂带及42°断裂带与北东向断裂相交处,控制着几个重要大型金矿床分布,并显示一定的等距性分布。④大型金矿床均产于大断裂的侧翼次级断裂中,并与大断裂距离一般为2~8km。⑤大型金矿床多数赋存在强烈挤压的背斜或倒转背斜的轴部的狭长地带内。如小秦岭矿田的文峪、杨砦峪、金洞岔等大型金矿分布于区内老雅岔倒转倾伏背斜的轴部。五龙金矿赋存于五龙背斜的轴部。 (3)花岗质岩浆岩对金矿的控制金矿空间分布与花岗岩的侵入体经常伴生,并有些矿床的金矿体直接产于岩体里或接触带中,这一现象表明,金矿成矿过程中有岩浆岩活动的积极参与。 据近代岩石学研究,花岗岩类按成因分为两类,幔源型及地壳重熔型。但很多资料表明与金关系最密切的花岗岩主要属基底变质岩重熔再生的产物。我国山东、辽宁、吉林、广东等省皆有此类金矿的分布。 金的成矿带与控制各类矿化和各种岩浆岩活动的深大断裂交切部位相伴随,以此表明地壳以下金物质参与了成矿作用,在超基性岩Ni、Co、Pt等矿床中金含量高,并形成独立金矿体,与此相吻合,云南墨江金矿、青海小松树南沟、新疆托里等金矿与超基性岩体相伴产生,并具明显成生关系,是令人信服的例证。含金硫化物中的同位素研究也得到了同样的结论。 根据实际资料,与金矿成矿关系显著的三个时代的岩浆岩,一是加里东期花岗岩,主要分布在华南加里东地槽区,岩性为斑状花岗闪长岩及花岗斑岩、石英斑岩等。如大宁岩体——黑云母闪长岩、斑状花岗闪长岩金的平均含量分别分9×10-9、3.7×10-9。岩体与寒武系地层的接触带及附近形成龙水、张公岭金矿床。二是海西期岩浆岩主要分布于我国西北与东北部的海西褶皱带中。岩体控矿绝大多数为海西中晚期的斜长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩等呈岩基、岩株、岩枝产出。经统计,区内已发现50余处金矿床(点),大多数产于岩体之中或接触带附近。三是燕山期的构造岩浆活动,我国许多内生金矿都与此次活动密切相关,特别是东部地区。如:辽西地区属于此类型金矿的储量占全省总量的22%,燕山地区的峪耳崖、柏杖子、金厂峪、三家子都与燕山期中酸性小侵入体有关,河南小秦岭金矿田北部带由西向东出露有:华山岩体、文峪岩体、娘娘山岩体。均属燕山期产物,经人工重砂测定,岩体含金,并在局部地段发现含金石英脉。 上述事实归纳起来,可以得出以下结论: 1)地层基底的成分对金矿的成矿作用有极大的影响,是矿床形成、演化、继承发展的物质基础。其太古宙的绿色岩系即是金矿成矿的初始矿源层,又是金矿的主要容矿层。 2)构造及岩浆活动的综合地质作用是金矿成矿的不可缺少的必要条件。

船用钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

船用钢板指按船级社建造规范要求生产的用于制造船体结构的热轧钢板材。    由于船舶工作环境恶劣,船体壳要受海水的化学腐蚀、电化学腐蚀和海生物、微生物的腐蚀;船体承受较大的风浪冲击和交变负荷;船舶形状使其加工方法复杂等因素、所以对船体结构用钢要求严格。首先良好的韧性是最关键的要求,此外,要求有较高的强度,良好的耐腐蚀性能、焊接性能,加工成型性能以及表面质量。为保质量和保证有足够的韧性,要求化学成分的Mn/C在2.5以上,对碳当量也有严格要求,并由船检部门认可的钢厂生产。船体用结构钢按照其最小屈服点划分强度级别为:一般强度结构钢和高强度结构钢。船体用结构钢分一般厚度和高强度钢两种,一般强度钢按质量分A、B、C和D四个等级;高强度钢又分两个强度级别和三个质量等级;AH32、DH32、EH32、AH36、DH36、EH36。    中国船级社规范标准的一般强度结构钢分为:A、B、D、E四个质量等级(即CCSA、CCSB、CCSC、CCSD);中国船级社规范标准的高强度结构钢为三个强度级别、四个质量等级。    主要船级社规范有: 船用钢板  中国 CCS    美国 ABS    德国 GL    法国 BV    挪威 DNV    日本 KDK    英国 LR    船体用结构钢的化学成分    钢    类 等级 化学成份(质量分数)(%)    C Mn si P S Al Nb V    一般    强度    钢 A ≤O.22 ≥2.5C O.10~0.35 ≤O.04 ≤0.04    B ≤O.21 O.60~1.00    D ≤O.21 0.60~1.00 ≥O.015    E ≤O.18 O.70~1.20 ≥0.015    高    强    度    钢 AH32 ≤O.18 O.70~1.60 0.10~O.50 ≤O.04 ≤0.04 ≥O.015    DH32 O.90~1.60    EH32 O.90~1.60    AH36 0.70~1.60 O.015~O.050 O.03O~O.10    DHB6 0.90~1.60    EH36 O.90~1.60    船体用结构钢的交货状态    钢材等级 厚度/mm 交货状态    A 6---40    热轧、控轧或正火    B 热轧、控轧或正火    D 6---32 热轧、控轧或正火    正火①②    E 6---32 钢板:正火;型钢;正火或控轧    AH32    AH36 6---32    >25--32 热轧、正火或控轧    正火①②    DH32    DH36 6---25    >20---32 正火或控轧②    正火①②    EH32    EH36 6---40 正火②    船体用结构钢的力学性能    钢材    等级    厚度    /mm    屈服点 ós    /MPa 抗拉    强度    ób/MPa 伸长率δ5    (%) v型冲击试验 冷弯试验    温度    /℃ 平均冲击吸收功    AKv/J 窄冷弯    b=2a    180℃ 宽冷弯    b=5a    120°    纵向 横向    ≥ ≥ ≥    A ≤50 235 400~490 22 d=2a    B 0 27 20    d=3a    D —10 27 20    E 一40 27 20    AH32 ≤50 315 440~590 22 O 3l 22    d=3a    DH32 —20 31 22    EH32 —40 31 22    AH36 ≤50 355 490~620 21 O 34 24    d=3a    DH36 —20 34 24    EH36 —40 34 24  一般强度船体结构用钢分为A、B、C、D4个等级,这4个等级的钢材的屈服强度(不小于235N/mm^2)和抗拉强度(400~520N/mm^2)一样,只是不同温度下的冲击功不一样而已; 高强度船体结构用钢按其最小屈服强度划分强度等级,每一强度等级又按其冲击韧性的不同分为A、D、E、F4级。 A32、D32、E32、F32的屈服强度不小于315N/mm^2,抗拉强度440~570N/mm^2,A、D、E、F分别表示其各自可分别在0°、-20°、-40°、-60°的情况下所能达到的冲击韧性; A36、D36、E36、F36的屈服强度不小于355N/mm^2,抗拉强度490~620N/mm^2,A、D、E、F分别表示其各自可分别在0°、-20°、-40°、-60°的情况下所能达到的冲击韧性; A40、D40、E40、F40的屈服强度不小于390N/mm^2,抗拉强度510~660N/mm^2,A、D、E、F分别表示其各自可分别在0°、-20°、-40°、-60°的情况下所能达到的冲击韧性。 还有, 焊接结构用高强度淬火回火钢:A420、D420、E420、F420;A460、D460、E460、F460;A500、D500、E500、F500;A550、D550、E550、F550;A620、D620、E620、F620;A690、D690、E690、F690; 锅炉与受压容器用钢:360A、360B;410A、410B;460A、460B;490A、490B;1Cr0.5Mo、2.25Cr1Mo 机械结构用钢:一般可选用上述钢材; 低温韧性钢:0.5NiA、0.5NiB、1.5Ni、3.5Ni、5Ni、9Ni; 奥氏体不锈钢:00Cr18Ni10、00Cr18Ni10N、00Cr17Ni14Mo2、00Cr17Ni13Mo2N、00Cr19Ni13Mo3、00Cr19Ni13Mo3N、0Cr18Ni11Nb; 双相不锈钢:00Cr22Ni5Mo3N、00Cr25Ni6Mo3Cu、00Cr25Ni7Mo4N3。 复合钢板:适用于化学制品运输船的容器和液货舱; Z向钢:是在某一等级结构钢(称为母级钢)的基础上,经过特殊处理(如钙处理、真空脱气、氩气搅拌等)和适当热处理的钢材。 a

岩金矿冶金

2019-03-04 16:12:50

岩金矿是20世纪国内外最首要的提金资源。大都岩金矿除金及少量银外,很少有其他有价金属或有害矿藏共生,用化技能能有用地提取金和银。另一些则很难用化法提取金银。化提金进程包含矿石碎磨、浸出溶解金、含金溶液(“贵液”)富集、精粹金等进程。矿石碎磨是溶金的重要预处理进程,要使金矿藏充沛解离露出。    (一)从矿石中溶金    从矿石中溶金有氯化、化、含硫化合物溶解等多种办法。“溶金”技能是国内外提金的首要技能。我国60%以上的金用化法出产。    1.化法    (1)原理及特色金很难溶于单一的硝酸、硫酸、等强酸,但却易溶于一个很弱的氢酸的钾钠盐中,曾有许多观念解说其机理,现在比较共同的观点是:“溶金”并非直接溶解黄金,而是一个电子搬运的氧化复原进程,CN-的效果是使金离子生成可溶性合作物,而不是生成不溶的AuCN。溶解需在氧化剂和碱性溶液中进行,防止AuCN生成。空气中的氧不能直接氧化金,但在含有CN-及OH-的水溶液中,O2却能发作“动力”使Au失掉电子转化为Au+。发作如下化学反响:              2Au+4NaCN+O2+2H2O→2NaAu(CN)2+2NaOH+H2O2                  2Au+H202+4NaCN→2NaAu(CN)2+2NaOH    总溶解反响:                  4Au+8NaCN+O2+2H2O→4NaAu(CN)2+4NaOH    反响的平衡常数很大。反响可进行到一切的耗尽或一切的金溶完停止。    依据矿石特性断定的浓度,一般运用的NaCN浓度为0.05%-0.2%(用量约0.5-2kg/t矿石),浸出时向矿浆中鼓入空气即可。    溶金进程首要受氧的分散速度(即溶液中氧的浓度)操控,进程中应尽量防止一同发作亚铁离子、硫离子氧化耗氧的副反响。工业上运用加压化法前进化速度和溶金功率,如高压釜化、管道加压化。2205kPa压力管道化含金20g/t的矿石,15min的化率即可达95%以上。[next]    浸出进程有必要在碱性溶液中进行,一般用石灰作调节剂以促进矿浆沉降,pH 10.5-11.50若pH 12溶金速度将下降。    矿石中的磁黄铁矿、贱金属的硫、砷、锑化合物及一切贱金属阳离子都耗费,砷、锑化合物还会吸附在金粒表面阻挠金的化。特别硫化物极端有害,乃至5×10-6%以下的硫离子也将大大减缓金的溶解速度。当矿石中有害杂质含量较低时,矿浆可在化前充沛鼓气氧化预处理,使硫离子和亚铁离子氧化和使硫化物尽量转化为可溶硫酸盐,经过滤、洗刷后再化。实践还标明,少量铅、、铋等金属离子对化进程有利,可部分战胜砷、锑、硫的损害及加速金的溶解。必要时可在磨矿中参加少量氧化铅。    在激烈充气及拌和条件下,实测的溶金速率为3.25mg/(cm2•h),即一粒0.37μm厚的金片约需11h溶解彻底。因而大粒金应在化前用重选或混法预先收回。化前矿石细磨,化时激烈拌和,是前进溶金速度和功率的基本条件。用微波辐照矿石(内焙烧)或在矿浆中导入超声波或微波,可促进矿石解离决裂或部分前进浸出温度,有利于露出及活化纤细金粒的表面,加速金的溶解速度。    (2)办法及设备化法处理不同档次的金矿石或浮选金精矿,首要选用渗滤、槽浸或堆浸。“全泥化法”直接处理矿石,即在磨矿时参加化剂、pH调整剂,然后在浸出槽中拌和鼓气浸出。一般选用多槽串联阶梯装备,矿浆顺流经过每个浸出槽确保预订的浸出时刻。为了前进浸出功率,现遍及运用重复多段浸出,浸出后矿浆用浓缩、倾析、过滤等办法固液别离,并细心洗刷收回贵液。过滤设备首要是大型圆筒真空过滤机及水平带式真空过滤机。如我国某矿全泥化含金5.26g/t的原矿,用贫液补加回来磨矿,磨至-200目占85%-90%(磨矿时即有50%金被浸出),后在5个串联槽中接连浸出10h以上(浓度0.037%~0.042%,pH 10-11),金浸出率87%-93%,四段浓缩逆流洗刷率98.07%。    堆浸一无过滤化工艺是20世纪60年代开展的技能,工艺简略、本钱低、见效快,对矿石档次、性质及矿床规划习惯性强。将含金<2g/t的低档次矿石和石灰混合,均匀堆置于预先处理后不渗漏的底垫上,矿石量可达数百吨至数十万吨规划。化液组成与槽浸相似,但需均匀地喷淋在矿堆顶部,喷淋中一同增氧。浸出液均匀顺畅地浸透经过矿层溶解金银,防止“短路”。贵液最终流入沉积池,上清液送去提金,贫液弥补化剂后回来喷淋。[next]    2.其他溶金办法    剧毒,且很难溶解某些“难处理金矿石”,长期以来入们一向在研讨和探寻更安全有用的溶金新试剂。先后发现、硫代硫酸盐、硫酸盐、腐植酸盐、氯硫化物(如S2Cl2、SCl2)、、多硫化物、石硫合剂、含卤素(氯、)溶液等许多无机和有机试剂(大都为含硫试剂),都能以不同的反响机理在不同的条件下溶解黄金,但至今只要法远景看好,其他办法的经济本钱、运用条件及对矿石的习惯性、贵液的后处理等方面仍难与化法竞赛。    (1)法  是无毒的有机化合物CS(H2N)2 ,简写代号TU,水中溶解度达142g/L。TU在水溶液中也并非直接溶解黄金,而是在酸性介质中金被“适合的”氧化剂氧化为Au+后构成可溶性的配位的配阳离子。当用Fe3+作氧化剂时反响表明为:                      Au+Fe3++2TU→Au(TU)2++Fe2+    也被氧化生成一个中间产品二硫甲眯RSSR[R为C(NH)NH2],并参加溶金进程。但它也易被持续氧化为无用的基、、元素硫等,不只增大耗费,还阻止溶金进程。因而适合的氧化剂一般用Fe3+或H2O2,溶液的氧化电位不超越140mV。与化法比较,不同如表1。表1  法与化法的比较项目化法法试剂NaCN,CaOTU,H2SO4,SO2,NaHSO4氧化剂空气中的O2Fe3+,H2O2,O2介质Ph10.5~1.5,碱性1~2,酸性运用规划大都矿石或精矿,可用于堆浸特殊矿石或精矿,不用于堆浸反响速度慢,数十小时块,数小时产品金的阴离子合作物Au(CN)2-金的合作物阳离子Au(TU)2+[next]     现在以为法污染小,速度快,铜、锌、砷、锑等元素搅扰不严峻,对化法难处理的高档次精矿,法有运用优势。但安稳性差,耗量大且报价贵,又约束了该法的广泛推广运用。    我国研讨的“铁浆法”,在浸金时置入铁板一同置换出金泥。浸金时导入5-7V直流电压(又称“电浆法”),以强化铁板或铅板阴极的复原效果,下降硫酸耗费。浸出时无铁板耗费,由铁板上刮下的金泥档次1%-2%,工艺进程进一步简化。    (2)硫代硫酸盐溶金  长处是试剂毒性小,耗费少,反响速度快,适于处理含铜的物料。缺陷是浸出时需加温,能耗大。溶金反响为:              2Au+4S2O32-+H2O+0.5O2→2Au(S2O3)23-+2OH-    (3)多硫化铵法  多硫化铵是一种赤色溶液,含NH3 8%, S 22%, (NH4)2S 30%,处理含砷、锑高的金矿方面有必定的长处。常温常压下浸出矿石后生成NH4AuS及(NH4)3SbS4可溶化合物,砷留在渣中。但试剂耗费大,金浸出率低,直接处理矿石不经济。    (4)石硫合剂提金  我国研讨的无毒石硫合剂LSSS,系石灰和硫黄经简略化学合成,含S2~52-及S2O32-的枣赤色通明试剂,溶金、银速度快,对含砷、锑、铅的金矿石习惯性强。首要缺陷是试剂安稳性差,进程较难操控。    (5)卤素浸出近代离子交流及萃取技能的开展,从头引起了卤素浸出的爱好,如用电解食盐溶液发作新生态氯浸出,浸出的余氯吸收回来运用,氯化剂直接在地下浸出贫矿;溶金,即在弱酸至中性溶液中加氧化剂及或化物,可使金生成易溶的金酸盐MAuBr4(M为NH4+或碱金属阳离子),反响快且挑选性好。但转化为从矿石中提金的有用技能不多。    除氯化介质外,其他大都溶剂都能一同溶解矿石中的金、银。固液别离后的溶液——“贵液”一同含有金、银。    (二)从贵液中提金    浸出矿石取得的含金银溶液中金的浓度都很低,一般小于10g/m3。需再用置换、活性炭吸附、离子交流、溶剂萃取等办法从贵液中二次富集。[next]    1.置换法    用电负性金属从碱性溶液或酸性溶液中置换出金银的进程,常用置换剂是锌和铝,置换速度快而彻底。置换时要求细心过滤贵液,将固体悬浮物降至小于5mg/L,前进金沉积物的金档次,还需严厉操控贵液中溶解的氧及游离量,以下降锌的耗费。一般,贵液在9kPa真空塔中经两段真空脱氧可将氧浓度降至0.1g/m3以下。为减轻硫离子对置换进程的阻止效果,常参加少量(0.5-2g/gAu)溶液。锌粉耗量约5-10g/g Au,置换率99%-99.9%。贫液合金0.01-0.02g/m3。贵液中的银与金一同被置换,一般金泥含金银20%-40%、锌20%-40%、少量铜、铅硫化物及二氧化硅。    锌置换出金泥首要用10%-15%浓度的硫酸溶解夹藏的锌,铅也一同转化为不溶的PbHSO4。过滤后滤渣用15% NaOH溶液在90℃下溶摆脱铅。过滤后的金泥再用稀硫酸和氧化剂(如二氧化锰)溶摆脱铜。脱铜后的金泥烘干后在1200-1300℃下熔炼,熔炼时用硼砂、石英、苏打作熔剂造渣,加少量硝石氧化硫、铅、锌使之蒸发脱除,最终取得金银含量80%-90%及少量铜的合金。    我国研讨运用操控电位挑选氯化技能湿法处理金泥,即在4mol/L HCl溶液中定量供入,并操控溶液氧化电位0.4-0.45V(Pt-甘电极),90℃下使99%以上的铜、铅、锌挑选性氯化溶解。过滤后溶液冷却至室温即结晶别离PbCl2,再用铁置换铜。控电氯化渣从头在溶液中通入溶解金,过滤后溶液中和至pH l.5-2用草酸复原为粗金。不溶渣中的银用浸出后,用水合膦复原为海绵银。    2.活性炭吸附    用活性炭从贵液中富集收回金是一种与化溶金技能配套的办法。进程包含3个首要环节:活性炭制备及从化的贵液中吸附金、银;从载金炭上洗提重溶金、银及别离精粹为产品;活性炭再生复用。现在该技能已开展为直接从化矿浆中富集收回金的先进工艺-“炭浆法”和“炭浸法”。    活性炭是一种具有很大比表面积、多孔结构的吸附剂,用密实的含碳物质,如煤、椰壳、果核等在适合的氧化气氛及800-1000℃下缎烧活化制得。从氯化或化溶液中吸附金、银的机理至今没有结论。但存在钙、钠阳离子对吸附至关重要。过滤后的贵液流过充填活性炭的炭柱,金、银被吸附。活性炭对金的吸附容量可达数十毫克/克炭,但一般用到10mg/g以内。    从载金炭中提取(洗脱)金有Zadro法,Duval法,Murdoch法,AARL法等。    (1) Zadro法  是最简略通用的办法,首要用水洗,接着用约90℃的稀溶去钙及其他贱金属,然后用0.1%-0.2%NaCN和1%NaOH溶液于85-95℃下流过炭柱溶金、银,取得含金150mg/L的溶液。[next]    (2) Duval法  是现在最好的办法,用含乙醇10%、NaOH 1%、NaCN 0.2%的溶液在80℃及100kPa下加速洗提重溶速度,时刻可从Zadro法的24-60h缩短至6-10h。溶液金浓度同上,但乙醇有易燃和易蒸发丢失的缺陷。    (3) Murdoch法  用含40%, NaOH 1% , NaCN 0.2的溶液在70℃及100kPa压力下洗脱金、银的法,时刻缩短为4-6h,溶液金浓度可高达4g/L。    (4) AARL法  用5% NaCN及2% NaOH溶液在95-100℃及100kPa下洗脱8h,可取得含金0.8g/L的溶液。在高温(160℃)高压(350kPa)下洗提,则更快,但添加了设备出资。    洗提金银后的活性炭含金约150g/t,首要用稀洗去碱性氧化物,然后在回转窑中于600-800℃下锻烧康复活性,挑选后复用。洗提液多用锌置换法收回金。也可用电积法处理,金沉积在钢纤维或碳纤维阴极上,取出后熔炼为金锭。    3.离子交流、萃取法    用阴离子交流树脂从贵液或矿浆中交流吸附金,具有简略调整和操控树脂的物理性能及交流容量、交流速度快、能一同收回溶液中其他有价金属、不吸附钙离子、淋洗再生温度低、耐磨等长处。但也有挑选性较差、价贵(重复运用后需燃烧收回金)、树脂颗粒密度低及质软等缺陷。除最早在俄罗斯,后来南非及我国少量厂直接处理金矿外,未能遍及推广运用。    许多种有机萃取剂可从酸性氯化物溶液中萃取收回金的氯配阴离子,并已在贵金属别离精粹工艺中成功运用。入们一向在研讨从碱性溶液中萃取收回金的办法。    4.含废水的处理    贵液提金后的废液含0.5-1g几,有必要处理到达我国政府规则的答应排放浓度0.5mg几的水平,或收回循环复用,或损坏转化为无毒。首要办法是:在密闭体系顶用硫酸酸化废液,逸出的HCN气体从头用NaOH溶液吸收转化为NaCN复用;或废水中参加硫酸锌固,沉积出白色化锌,再用硫酸溶解逸出化体经碱液吸收为复用。最终含约0.1g几的废水,在碱性条件下参加强氧化剂-漂、次、等使CN-转化为无毒的CO2和N2。最新办法是在调整溶液pH 7-10的条件下,向废水中鼓入含SO2 1%-3%的空气或参加碳酸氢钠,使CN-转化为无毒的CNO-。0.5h即可使废水含CN-从500mg/L降至0.5mg/L以下。[next]    (三)无过滤氛化法    湿法冶金中的固液别离是一个高耗低效的进程。化矿浆过滤时要防止固体微粒穿滤,又要细心洗刷残渣收回贵液,功率很低。因而无过滤提金技能开展很快,并成为衡量提金技能先进性的重要标准。除堆浸法外,还有碳浆法、碳浸法、树脂矿浆法等,将化溶金及活性炭或树脂直接从矿浆中吸附金结合为一个进程,免去了过滤工序,还因及时吸附并下降溶液中金配离子活度而加速化溶金速度。前两个办法已获工业运用。    (1)碳浆法将含金、银的矿浆送入多级串联的吸附槽,与逆向活动的活性炭进行多级直接交流吸附。每个吸附槽用双桨叶机械拌和,矿浆用管道提升至槽上部,经过筛子别离矿浆和炭,载金炭从第一个吸附槽排出。炭在每槽的吸附时刻约1h。    (2)炭浸法将炭直接参加到化槽一同进行化和吸附,比炭浆法更简略。    两个办法对活性炭都有较严厉的要求,有必要有均匀适宜的粒度(一般为6-10目)及满足的强度,以削减载金炭被固体磨损后构成金的飘浮丢失。送入化槽的矿浆也应严厉别离砂砾、木屑、塑料等杂物。一般入矿浆浓度50%,活性炭用量10g/L。当原矿金档次约5g/t时,载金炭含金可达12-15kg/t,活性炭耗费量约0.015 kg/t矿。载金炭随后经洗提重溶一电积一熔炼为金锭。吸附率、洗提解吸率、电积率等目标皆大于99%,金的总收回率可达90%以上。还可将炭预先处理使之带磁性,加磁场收回以削减载金炭丢失。    树脂矿浆法的本质是用阴离子交流树脂替代活性炭直接从化矿浆中交流吸附金,载金树脂用溶液淋洗解吸金,最早运用于俄罗斯。    (四)难处理金矿的选冶    世界上1/3的金矿资源,用惯例化工艺处理时浸出率很低,被称为“难处理金矿”。难处理的原因是:①天然金以微细粒为主,多被黄铁矿、砷黄铁矿、氧化铁等矿藏严峻包裹,或浸染在微晶石英、燧石中,还有恰当份额的金呈难溶的AuSb2、Au2Bi、AuTe2等类矿藏存在;②矿石含沥青、腐殖酸等有机碳化物或许多黏土可从化液中从头吸附已溶解的金;③矿石含辉锑矿、雄黄、雌黄、辉铋矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿等矿藏较高,化时耗及氧,或它们在化时的反响产品掩盖包裹金粒,阻止化的进行。这类资源的有用运用已成为黄金冶金范畴重视的热门。研讨的办法许多,一类是经预氧化处理后再用化或其他老练的办法提金,另一类是先浮选选出金精矿再处理。[next]    1.预氧化处理    意图是损坏“劫金”的有机碳及阻止化的硫、砷化物,尽量将金粒露出便于化。有焙烧、化学浸出、加压氧浸、催化氧化、细菌氧化、矿浆中电化学氧化等办法。    (1)焙烧法是国内外运用较早的办法。在空气中550-750℃下将矿石中有机碳氧化为二氧化碳,将黄铁矿(FeS2)和砷黄铁矿(FeAsS)等矿藏氧化为Fe2O3,硫、砷氧化为蒸发性氧化物。缺陷是硫、砷烟气严峻污染环境,能耗高,物料或许烧结反而包裹金粒等。近年来该法在技能及设备两方面都取得了严重前进,如将空气焙烧改为富氧焙烧,前进蒸发物浓度便于吸收;操控温度及氧量,添加烧碱或石灰使硫、砷转化为不蒸发且可溶解的硫酸盐和盐(“固硫”和“固砷”),便于从溶液中收回硫、砷;又如严厉操控空气量及温度(620-650℃)下焙烧,生成无毒的硫化砷:                  16FeAsS+12FeS2+45O2====14Fe2O3+4As4S4+24SO2    焙烧设备已由最早运用的回转窑、多膛炉开展为欢腾炉和闪速焙烧炉。    (2)化学氧化法向矿浆中直接参加强氧化剂(如硝酸、、氯酸盐、锰酸盐、铬酸盐等)进行常压化学氧化,或再加直流电场的电化学氧化,如直接用浓度约200g/L的硝酸溶液在75-85℃下浸出浮选金精矿中的硫、砷化物,过滤后的滤渣再化提金。硝酸单耗约200kg/t矿,该法有用性的关键是从浸出液中经济高效的脱硝并再生硝酸复用。    (3)加压氧化法是20世纪50年代开展的新技能,长处是:对矿石中硫、砷、锑、铅等有害元素含量的习惯规划宽,可综合运用,功率高,污染小。将矿石磨细后配成固体浓度40%-45%的矿浆,依据矿石性质调整矿浆为酸性或中性至弱碱性,接连或接连地注入密闭耐压反响釜中,在高温(170-225℃)下通入空气(1500-3000kPa)或纯氧(350-700kPa),使硫、砷化物别离氧化为硫酸盐和盐,并部分氧化有机碳化物,使包裹金充沛游离露出而利于化。若在矿浆中预先配入石灰或氯化钙,可使砷转化为不溶的钙。至今已有几十家运用该技能。    (4)催化氧化法在浸出进程中参加硝酸起传递氧的“催化”效果,即HNO3氧化硫化矿藏后被复原为NO,并敏捷被气相中的氧氧化为N2O3或NO2,溶于水后再生出硝酸持续氧化硫化物。如在约90℃及常压下的“NITROX’法,约100℃及高压(0.4-0.8MPa)下的“ARSENO”法,约200℃及0.4-0.8MPa下的“Redox”法及我国开展的“COAL”法等。Redox法系用硫酸和硝酸(各70-110g/L)混合介质高温、高压浸出,速度很快,进程可自热保持,8min即可达90%-99%的硫、砷氧化率,并生成安稳的铁和硫酸钙,可用不锈钢管道浸出,后续金化率大于90%。我国创造的“催化氧化酸浸-化(COAL)法”,在100℃及0.2-0.4 MPa总压的氧气气氛下进行,矿浆浓度20%-25%,用硫酸调整矿浆pH≈l,硝酸浓度小于10g/L,参加占矿重0.05%-0.2%的木质磺酸钠作硫的表面活性剂,预处理后金的化率也达90%以上。当金矿石含许多砷黄铁矿及雄黄(As2S2)、雌黄(As2S3)时,可先用浸脱砷再用硝酸催化氧化。[next]    (5)细菌氧化法依托铁硫杆菌、硫化裂片菌、钩端螺旋铁氧菌等菌种,在酸性(pH≈1-2)环境中使黄铁矿、砷黄铁矿缓慢分化并氧化为硫酸盐和盐。有两种机理:经过菌内特有的铁氧化酶及硫氧化酶直接氧化金属硫化物;或细菌将Fe2+氧化为Fe3+后再由Fe3+氧化金属硫化物,构成氧化一复原循环浸出。硫化矿区中这些细菌天然存在,收集菌种后在含氮、磷酸盐、微量钙、镁、钾的培育液中恒温繁衍,针对待处理矿石经中间实验后运用。一般矿石需磨细至约35μm,浸出时参加细菌繁衍必需的营养液并恰当充气,细菌分化硫、砷化物更有利于包裹金的露出。缺陷是速度太慢(20-40天),细菌的活性对温度太灵敏。温度低于15℃细菌繁衍很慢。温度超越40℃大都细菌就失掉活性。热天处理含硫较高的矿石,因为氧化进程放热会导致部分温度过高,有必要采纳降温办法。挑选和培育对温度习惯规划更宽的菌种,缩短氧化时刻(如我国的7-10天氧化技能已进入半工业实验规划),堆浸预氧化后直接转为化等方面开展很快。    以上几种预氧化处理办法各有好坏,各种不同的办法都有不同的运用条件和有用规划,工艺的挑选和拟定有必要针对详细矿石经过实验断定。国外针对同种矿石,用不同工艺处理,首要目标比较如表2。表2  各种工艺办法的比较首要目标工艺办法直接化焙烧-化细菌氧化-化加压氧化-化金收回率/%32778797设备出资(相对)130100200出产费用(相对)130100100     显着,细菌氧化和加压氧化一化两种工艺在金收回率和出产费用方面有优势。但近几年因为焙烧法在操控硫、砷污染及高效设备方面的发展,使其康复了显着的竞赛条件。1996年还有大型焙烧厂(7200t/d)投产。[next]    2.浮选富集    当金矿石中金的赋存粒度细并被铁及有色金属硫化物包裹,或呈固溶体存在于硫化物晶格中时,常用浮选法富集产出金精矿。要到达较高的富集率和收回率,有必要对矿石进行工艺矿藏学研讨,查清矿藏组成及连生联系、嵌布特色和粒度组成规划,断定适宜的磨矿细度和矿浆浓度,挑选恰当的介质调整剂、活化剂、起泡剂、捕收剂,拟定合理的磨-浮工艺流程。现在首要是移植和运用重有色金属硫化矿的浮选技能和设备,侧重处理含砷矿藏(毒砂)的有用按捺,下降金精矿的含砷量。    金精矿的产率、成分及金档次首要取决于原矿中铁硫化物的含量。如北美一含黄铁矿1.5%的金矿石浮选,精矿中含FeS 25 %,金收回率可达90%-95%。但我国的浮选收回率多低于90%。我国对浮选金精矿的质量规则如表3。表3  我国对浮选金精矿的质量规则等级特123456789金档次>/(g/t)36032028024020016014012010080含砷≤/%0.10.10.20.20.30.30.40.40.4     金精矿中硫、砷含量较高,有必要预氧化处理,然后可用针对金矿石的一切溶金办法提取金、银。但现在首要用于铜冶炼厂,在铜锍转炉吹炼除铁时作为熔剂,运用其间的二氧化硅参加铁造渣,金则捕集在锍中,并从铜电解阳极泥中收回。但因含砷,会添加冶炼厂砷害,配矿量受到约束,就地处理办法研讨一向十分活泼。

造船钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

steel sheets and plates for shipbuilding造船钢板   造船钢板是指用造船专用结构钢生产的,用于制造远洋、沿海和内河航行的船舶的船体结构的薄钢板和厚钢板。   造船用结构钢包括碳素钢和低合金钢,钢号的末尾标有C(船)。   碳钢素有2C、3C、4C和5C,低合金钢有12MnC、16MnC、15MnTiC、14MnVTiReC等钢种。厚度为2.5~50毫米。 CCSA中国船级社认证A板,CCSB中国船级社认证B板差100块以内。  造船钢板的规格和材质 商标可分为,国标,日标,美标,德标等  根据造船钢板材质可分为一般船板和高强度船板  一般船板有A,B,C,D,E级,高强度船板可分为AH32/36 ,EH32/36,DH32/36 。

薄钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

薄钢板(也叫黑铁皮)    薄钢板—指厚度小于或等于4mm的钢板,包括普通薄钢板(如普通碳素钢、花纹钢及酸洗薄钢板)、优质薄钢板(碳素结构钢、合金结构钢、工具钢等薄钢板(如镀锌、镀锡及镀铅等薄钢板)。 薄钢板理论重量:薄钢板厚度(mm)理论重量(kg/m2)厚度(mm)理论重量(kg/m2)厚度(mm)理论重量(kg/m2)0.201.570.755.891.814.130.251.960.806.282.015.700.302.360.907.072.217.270.352.751.007.852.519.360.403.141.18.642.821.980.453.531.29.423.023.550.503.931.310.213.225.120.554.321.410.993.527.480.604.711.511.783.829.830.655.101.612.563.930.620.705.501.713.354.031.40     薄钢板是符合厚度等于或小于4mm的各种热轧和冷轧的钢板。有许多品种:热轧普通薄钢板、冷轧普同薄钢板、热轧优质薄钢板、冷轧优质薄钢板以及电镀、镀锌、涂层、复合等薄钢板。虽然品种多,材质也不同,但其尺寸、外形、重量计算方法大同小异,计算公式:  W(kg/m2)=0.00785*宽*厚

铝镁锰屋面板和彩钢板,彩钢卷屋面相比较有哪些优势

2019-01-08 13:39:58

一、铝镁锰的定义: 首先铝镁锰合金屋面板一般是使用3系,牌号为3003、3003H和3004,厚度一般为0.7-1.2,合金比例:镁0.8-1.3%,锰占1.0-1.5%,铁占0.7%,其余为铝。二、铝镁锰屋面和彩钢板,彩钢卷屋面有什么区别: 区别相比彩钢板: A.非涂漆:铝镁锰一般可以压花,锤纹,预钝化氧化铝表面处理,而彩钢板一般为镀锌光板和镀铝锌光板 ①.耐久性:也就是防腐蚀能力更强,质保也可以达到25年,彩钢板一般常年在雨雪的侵蚀下容易生锈断裂,尤其在铆钉和接缝部位 B.涂漆:都可以涂PE、SMP、HDP、PVDF ②.重量对比:铝镁锰重量轻,密度为2.73,彩钢板板密度为7.85,将近3倍,而且安装陈本低 ③.强度对比:铝镁锰只有少量的锰镁含量,只具备一定的强度,不如彩钢板,因此选择板材要厚点. ④.外观对比: ⑤防雷性能:铝镁锰板材一般会选择厚点,彩钢板略薄点,所以防雷效果要好点 ⑥.铝镁锰熔点低(660度),耐高温性差,150度以上就丧失强度,根据环境来选择 ⑦.性价比:同等环境下铝镁锰较高点,而且回收价值更高铝镁锰生产流程

磁铁石英岩矿石磁选

2019-01-25 10:19:03

磁铁石英岩属于沉积变质矿床的矿石,目前国内外广泛采用磁选法分选这种类型矿石,该种类型矿石在我国被称为鞍山式贫磁铁矿石,在国外被称为铁燧岩、磁铁石英岩等,这类矿石在铁矿资源中占有重要地位,是目前磁选的主要对象。    磁铁石英岩选矿工艺的特点是采用阶段磁选阶段磨矿流程,这样可阶段排出单体脉石,减少下一阶段的磨矿量。    磁选设备多采用圆筒型磁选机,其底槽为逆流型和半逆流型。在国内和国外也有采用磁力脱水槽进行脱泥的实例。    下面以首都钢铁公司大石河铁矿选矿厂为例进行介绍。    大石河铁矿选矿厂是首都钢铁公司主要原料基地,位于河北省迁安县境内。大石河铁矿石属鞍山式贫磁铁矿,构成各矿体的岩层系属于前震旦纪麻岩并呈条带状和片麻状构造。在矿体之间和矿体内部广泛发育着各种类型的夹石,开采过程中混入15%左右的废石,矿石贫化严重,地质品位30.18%,入选矿石品位只有25%左右。    矿石中金属矿物主要为磁铁矿,其次有少量假象赤铁矿和赤铁矿;脉石矿物以石英为主,其次为辉石、角闪石等,有害杂质较少。    磁铁矿与脉石共生形态简单,容易解离。磁铁矿嵌布粒度较粗且均匀。结晶粒度为0.062~0.5mm的晶粒占60%~70% ,0.5~2mm占10%~20%,0.062mm以下含量占10%左右。赤铁矿粒度较细。脉石矿物结晶粒度亦较粗,在0.18~0.35mm之间。矿石磨至-200网目占75%~80%时,有用矿物与脉石基本达到单体解离。    矿石化学多项分析结果见表。   大石河铁矿石化学多项分析结果 FetFeOSiO2Al2O3CaOMgOPS1号矿样29.911.1847.20.751.242.190.0380.022号矿样30.7310.9947.920.730.581.910.0250.16     流程采用阶段磨矿—弱磁选流程,如下图所示。首先,用磁滑轮对球磨机入料进行预选,在磨矿前可丢弃产率8%、品位9%左右的废石,使入磨产品品位提高2%,磁性铁回收率为99%。对第一段磁选精矿进行二次分级、二次磨矿、二次磁选精矿经细筛后筛上物返回二段球磨机,由于三段磁选的入选粒度得到了严格控制,提高了矿物的单体解离度,可使精矿最终品位由64%~65%提高到67%~68.5%。该流程的主要技术指标为:原矿品位26.28%,精矿品位68.42%,尾矿品位6.41%,回收率82.64%。 大石河铁矿选矿厂生产流程

彩色涂层钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

它是热轧钢板、镀锌钢板上涂0.4-0.5mm的软质或半硬质聚氯乙烯塑料薄膜制成,具有耐热、耐腐蚀性能,可做墙板。   彩色涂层钢板简述:   在钢板上涂上有机涂料,涂料可以有各种不同的颜色,彩色涂层钢板由此而得名,简称彩板,也称有机涂层钢板。由于彩色涂层钢板是在钢板加工成型前先涂上涂料,在国外也称为预涂层钢板。彩涂板有机涂层起了覆盖隔离作用,可防止钢板生锈,使用寿命更长。   彩涂板的基板有冷轧基板、热镀锌基板、电镀锌基板、热镀铝锌基板。  彩涂板的面漆涂层种类可以分为:聚酯、硅改性聚酯、偏聚氟乙烯、高耐久性聚酯等。  生产工艺从一涂一烘发展到二涂二烘,也出现三涂三烘的工艺。  彩涂板的表面状态可以分为正常涂层板、压花板、印花板等。   彩涂板主要用途分为建筑、家电和交通运输等。由于彩涂板不仅色彩鲜艳,还具有优良的成型性和耐久性,使用寿命长等优点,还大量节省客户的清洗脱脂和油漆作业的设备成本和人工。因此,彩色涂层钢板已广泛应用在我国的建筑业(大型工业厂房、大型仓库、简易活动室、室内装饰板、机场建筑物、现代化大型飞机库、大型体育馆等)预热隔热夹芯板、大型冷藏库、彩涂钢板制门窗、卷帘门及钢制家具。在家电行业中用于冰柜、洗衣机。电子工业应用在仪表开关箱外壳、录音机机芯等。其它如候车厅,售票亭,办公室隔墙等,应用正不断扩大。  PCM彩板即连续辊涂彩色钢板,其色彩鲜艳,不仅具有良好的成型加工性、漆膜耐腐蚀性和柔韧性,又具有良好的经济效益,满足社会经济、环保发展的要求。根据ECCA(欧洲卷涂协会)数据统计,PCM彩板在生产效率、周转储存、环保效应、外观效果方面均优于传统的喷粉板材,其综合成本仅相当于喷粉板材的90%左右,因此,在欧美地区家电外装饰材料几乎都采用该类彩板;目前在国内,以海尔集团为代表,喷粉板材正逐渐被彩板所取代。  在传统PCM彩板的基础上,海尔彩板公司通过整合全球资源,研制开发出导电PCM彩板及辊涂工艺的砂面PCM彩板,成为国内唯一的砂面PCM彩板的生产基地。产品不仅符合欧盟的ROHS环保标准,且经国家科委、经贸委鉴定,产品性能品质均已达到国际领先水平。  彩色予涂钢板PCM,将传统的喷涂涂装变成钢板的连续涂布,便于表面处理及涂布质量的控制,又不存在涂装易产生的棱边死角等缺陷;而且采用无铬处理液进行辊涂式化学处理后直接干燥,无传统浸涂式化学处理对环境的污染和破坏,满足环保要求。   产品特点:   彩色予涂钢板PCM板材色彩鲜艳,既具有钢板的强度和良好的成型加工性,又能够满足高速、精密加工设备的要求。而PCM得以高速发展的主要原因,其具有良好的经济效益同时也能满足社会经济、环保发展的要求。  在连续机组上以冷轧带钢,镀锌带钢(电镀锌和热镀锌)为基板,经过表面预处理(脱脂和学处理),用辊涂的方法,涂上一层或多层液态涂料,化经过烘烤和冷却所得的板材即为涂层钢板。由于涂层可以有各种不同的颜色,习惯上把涂层钢板叫做彩色涂层钢板。又由于涂层是在钢板成型加工之前进行的,在国外这叫做预涂层钢板.   工艺流程   彩色涂层钢板是以冷轧钢板和镀锌钢板为基板,经过表面预处理(脱脂、清洗、化学转化处理),以连续的方法涂上涂料(辊涂法),经过烘烤和冷却而制成的产品。   常见的二涂二烘型连续彩色涂层机组工艺流程主要生产工序为:开卷→预处理→涂敷→烘烤→后处理→卷取。   产品用途:   涂层钢板具有轻质、美观和良好的防腐蚀性能,又可直接加工,它给建筑业、造船业、车辆制造业、家具行业、电气行业等提供了一种新型原材料,起到了以钢代木、高效施工、节约能源、防止污染等良好效果。使用镀锌钢板为基板的彩色涂层钢板,除有锌保护外,锌层上的有机涂层起了覆盖隔离作用,可防止钢板生锈,使用寿命比镀锌钢板更长,据介绍涂层钢板的使用寿命比镀锌钢板长50%。   但是,在不同的地区和不同的使用部位,采用相同镀锌量、同种涂料、相同涂层厚度的彩色涂层板,其使用寿命会有很大的不同。例如,在工业区或沿海地区,由于受到空气中二氧化硫气体或盐分的作用,腐蚀速度加快,使用寿命受到影响。   在雨季,涂层长期受雨水浸湿、或者在日夜温差太大易结露的部位,都会较快地受到腐蚀,使用寿命均会降低。   用彩色涂层钢板制造的建筑物或厂房,经常受到雨水冲洗时使用寿命较长,否则,由于受二氧化硫气体、盐和灰尘的作用而影响使用。因此,在设计时,若屋顶的倾斜度越大,则越不容易积聚灰尘等污物,使用寿命越长;对于那些不受雨水经常冲洗的区域或部位,应定期用水冲洗。  彩涂钢板分类   彩色涂层钢板产品可以采用冷轧基板、热镀锌基板和电镀锌基板。   按基板分类的彩色涂层钢板种类如下:   彩 色 涂 层 钢 板   冷轧基板彩色涂层钢板   热镀锌彩色涂层钢板   热镀铝锌彩色涂层钢板 镀5%铝锌彩色涂层钢板   镀55%铝锌彩色涂层钢板   电镀锌彩色涂层钢板   其它 印花彩板   金属压花彩板   ■冷轧基板彩色涂层钢板   由冷轧基板生产的彩色板,具有平滑美丽的外观,且具有冷轧板的加工性能;但是表面涂层的任何细小划伤都会把冷轧基板暴露在空气中,从而使露铁处很快生成红锈。因此这类产品只能用于要求不高的临时隔离措施和作室内用材。   ■热镀锌彩色涂层钢板   把有机涂料涂复在热镀锌钢板上得到的产品即为热镀锌彩涂板。热镀锌彩涂板除具有锌的保护作用外,表面上的有机涂层还起了隔绝保护、防止生锈的作用,使用寿命比热镀锌板更长。热镀锌基板的含锌量一般为180g/m2(双面),建筑外用热   镀锌基板的镀锌量最高为275g/m2。   ■热镀铝锌彩涂板   根据要求,也可以采用热镀铝锌钢板作为彩涂基板(55%AI-Zn和5%AI-Zn)。   ■电镀锌彩涂板   用电镀锌板为基板,涂上有机涂料烘烤所得的产品为电镀锌彩涂板,由于电镀锌板的锌层薄,通常含锌量为20/20g/m2,因此该产品不适合使用在室外制作墙、屋顶等。但因具有美丽的外观和优良的加工性能,因此主要可用于家电、音响、钢家具、室内装潢等。   ■涂料   涂料是一种流动状态或粉末状态的有机物,涂敷于底材上能干燥固化形成一层薄膜,均匀地覆盖和良好地附着。其主要性能为防护性(如耐潮湿性、耐水性、耐候性、耐化学性等)和装饰性(具有各种不同的颜色和光泽)。   ■涂料的组成及其作用   各种不同的涂料,都有四个部分组成,即(1)树脂(2)颜料(3)溶剂(4)助剂。其中溶剂是挥发分,其作三个部分基本是不挥发分。   (1)树脂   树脂即成膜物质,是涂料中的最主要成分和基础,也称基料,它是决定涂膜性质的主要因素。要求作为成膜物质的树脂在   涂料储存期内相当稳定,不发生明显的物理变化和化学变化;在成膜时,在规定的条件下,能迅速固化成膜。   树脂种类繁多,在卷材涂料中常用的树脂有酸树脂、环氧树脂、聚酯树脂和聚基酯树脂等。不同的树`脂,其物理性能和化学性能、以及耐候性、耐蚀性等是不一样的。   (2)颜料   颜料须与树脂配合使用,在涂料中的主要作用是使涂膜着色,颜料比例不同会影响涂膜硬度、光泽度以及耐蚀性等。   (3)溶剂   溶剂是液态涂料的重要组成部分,在涂料烘干过程中是能挥发的成分。一般也用溶剂调节涂料粘度,这种用于调节涂料粘度的溶剂称为稀释剂。溶剂对涂料的制造、贮存、涂敷、漆膜的形成和成膜质量有着很大的影响。   (4)助剂   助剂是为改善涂料性能而加入的少量添加剂。助剂在涂料中用量极少,作用却显著,如有的能改进涂料和涂膜的性能,有的能改善烘干时间、有的能防止涂膜产生病态等。助剂种类繁多,有催干剂、固化剂、流平剂、消泡剂、消光剂,稳定剂等。   几乎绝大部分液态涂料都由上述四个成分中的某些原料组成,其中最主要的是树脂,这是任何涂料都少不了的。可以说树脂(有时加溶剂和助剂)就是透明漆,再加入颜料就可成各种色漆。   彩色涂层钢板用涂料一般根据用途分为两大类:即建筑用和家电用。建筑用涂料根据使用环境的不同,在环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯塑料溶胶、硅改性聚酯和聚偏氟乙烯中选择。家电用涂料一般彩聚酯树脂。 一、什么叫做彩色涂层钢板 现代的彩色涂层钢板是在连续机组上以冷轧带钢、镀锌钢带(电镀锌和热镀锌)和热镀锌一铝合金钢带等为基板,经过表面预处理(脱脂和化学处理),用辊涂或覆膜等方法,涂覆上一层或多层有机涂层,经过烘烤和冷却所得到的涂装产品即为涂层钢板。由于涂层可以有各种不同的颜色,因此,又称之为“彩色涂层钢板”。又由于涂层是在钢板成型加工之前进行的,在国外亦称之为“预涂层钢板”或‘卷涂”。 二、彩色涂层钢板是由哪几部分构成的 彩色涂层钢板的构成,大体上可分为基材、镀层、化学转化膜和有机涂层4大部分。 三、彩色涂层钢板的涂料品种有哪几大类 按彩色涂层钢板的涂料形态分类,则有液体涂料、粉末涂料、塑料薄膜三大类。 四、用于生产彩色涂层钢板的基材主要有哪几种 按基板分类的彩色涂层钢板的种类,主要有以下四大类别:(1)冷轧基板彩色涂层钢板。(2)热镀锌彩色涂层钢板。(3)热镀铝锌彩色涂层钢板。(4)电镀锌彩色涂层钢板。 五、在剪切彩色涂层钢板时,应注意哪些问题? 彩色涂层钢板根据用途要进行剪切、弯曲、成型等各种加工。由于钢板表面有锌层和有机涂层,加工时有许多与普通冷轧钢板不同的地方,须特别注意,以防加工时涂膜受损。影响剪切的因素包括:(1)材料的力学性能;(2)刀具的形状及间隙;(3)工具面的摩擦及润滑;(4)加工速度和温度等。在剪切彩色涂层钢板时应特别注意以下事项:(1)应尽量使切断面的毛边短小,以防彩色涂层钢板在剪切堆垛时相互划伤;(2)及时清除剪断时产生的切屑和金属粉,否则会损伤钢板表面,成为擦伤或腐蚀生锈的根源;(3)彩色涂层钢带剪切时,与彩色接触的辊子应为胶辊或其他材料,与彩色钢板接触的台面应铺上橡皮垫并保持清洁,防止彩板涂膜损伤。

耐磨钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

耐磨钢板以及耐磨钢板的特点耐磨钢板的性能特点:1.很高的耐磨性能: strongplate耐磨钢板耐磨层厚度3-12㎜,耐磨层硬度可以达到HRC58-62,耐磨性能是普通钢板的15-20倍以上,是低合金钢板性能5-10倍以上,是高铬铸铁耐磨性能2-5倍以上,耐磨性远远高于喷焊和热喷涂等方法。  2.较好的冲击性能: Strongplate耐磨钢板是双层金属结构,耐磨层和基材之间是冶金结合,结合强度高,可在受冲击的过程中吸收能量,耐磨层不会脱落,可以应用到振动、冲击较强的工况条件下,这一点是铸造耐磨材料和陶瓷材料所不及的。3.很好的耐温性能: Strongplate耐磨钢板合金碳化物在高温下有很强的稳定性能,耐磨钢板可以在500℃内使用,其他特殊要求温度可以定制生产,能够满足1200℃以内条件下使用;陶瓷、聚脂、高分子材料等采取粘贴方式耐磨材料无法满足如此高温要求。4.很好的连接性能: Strongplate耐磨钢板基材是普通Q235钢板,保证耐磨钢板具有韧性和塑性,提供抵抗外力的强度,可以采取焊接、塞焊、螺栓连接等多种方式和其他结构进行联系,连接牢固,不容易脱落,连接方式多于其他材料;5.很好的选择性能: Strongplate耐磨钢板选择不同厚度基材,堆焊不同层数和厚度的合金耐磨层,可以得到不同厚度和不同用途的钢板,最大厚度可达到30㎜以上;6.很好的加工性能: Strongplate耐磨钢板能够按要求加工成不同规格尺寸,可以进行加工、冷弯成型、焊接、弯曲等,方便使用;可以现场拼焊成型,使维修更换工作变得省时、方便,大大降低工作强度。7.很好的性价格比: Strongplate耐磨钢板价格较普通材料有所提高,但考虑到产品使用寿命,综合考虑维修费用、备件费用和停机损失,其性能价格比远高于普通钢板和其他材料  双金属复层耐磨钢板是专供大面积磨损工况使用的板材产品,是在韧性、塑性很好的普通低碳钢或者低合金钢表面通过堆焊方法复合一定厚度的硬度较高、耐磨性优良的耐磨层而制成的板材产品。   双金属复合耐磨钢板由低碳钢板和合金耐磨层两部分组成,抗磨层一般占总厚度的1/3-1/2。工作时由基体提供抵抗外力的强度、韧性和塑性等综合性能,由耐磨层提供满足指定工况需求的耐磨性能。   耐磨钢板合金耐磨层和基体之间是冶金结合。通过专用设备,采用自动焊接工艺,将高硬度自保护合金焊丝均匀地焊接在基材上,复合层数一层至两层以至多层,复合过程中由于合金收缩比不同,出现均匀横向裂纹,这是耐磨钢板的显著特点。   耐磨层主要以铬合金为主,同时还添加锰、钼、铌、镍等其它合金成份,金相组织中碳化物呈纤维状分布,纤维方向与表面垂直。碳化物显微硬度可以达到HV1700-2000以上,表面硬度可达到HRc58-62。合金碳化物在高温下有很强的稳定性,保持较高的硬度,同时还具有很好的抗氧化性能,在500℃以内完全正常使用。   耐磨钢板具有很高耐磨性能和较好冲击性能好,能够进行切割、弯曲、焊接等,可采取焊接、塞焊、螺栓连接等方式与其他结构进行连接,在维修现场过程中具有省时、方便等特点,广泛应用于冶金、煤炭、水泥、电力、玻璃、矿山、建材、砖瓦等行业,与其他材料相比,有很高的性价比,已经受到越来越多行业和厂家的青睐   技术参数   硬度,HRC   耐磨层厚度≤4mm:HRC54-58;   耐磨层厚度>4mm:HRC56-62   外观参数   平整度:5mm/M   性能描述   1、高耐磨性   合金层的化学成分中碳含量达4~5%,铬含量高达25~30%,其金相组织中Cr7C3碳化物的体积分数达到50%以上,宏观硬度为HRC56~62,碳化铬的硬度为HV1400~1800。由于碳化物成于磨损方向相垂直分布,即使与同成分和硬度的铸造合金相比较,耐磨性能提高一倍以上。与几种典型的材料耐磨性对比如下:   (1)与低碳钢;20~25:1   (2)与铸态高铬铸铁;1.5~2.5:1   2、良好的耐冲击性:   耐磨复合钢板的底层为低碳钢或低合金。不锈钢等韧性材料,体现双金属的优越性,耐磨层抵抗磨损介质的磨损,基板承受介质的载荷,因此有良好的耐冲击性。可以承受物料输送系统中承受高落差料斗等冲击和磨损。   3、较好的耐热性:   耐磨层推荐使用在≤600℃工况下使用,若在合金层中加入钒,钼等合金,可以承受≤800℃的高温磨损。   推荐使用温度如下:   普通碳钢基板推荐不高于380℃工况使用;   低合金耐热钢板(15CrMo,12Cr1MOV等)基板推荐不高于540℃工况使用;   耐热不锈钢基板推荐在不高于800 ℃工况使用。   4、好的耐腐蚀性   耐磨复合钢板的合金层中含有高百分比的金属铬,故具有一定防锈和耐腐蚀能力。用于落煤筒和漏斗等场合可以做到防止粘煤。   5、品种规格齐全   耐磨复合钢板规格全,品种多,已成商品系列化。耐磨合金层的厚度在3~20mm。复合钢板的厚度最薄为6mm,厚度不限。目前,标准耐磨复合钢板可提供1200或1450×2000mm,也可根据用户需求,按图纸尺寸定做加工。耐磨复合钢板现分为普通型、耐冲击型和高温型三种,定购高温耐磨和耐冲击型复合钢板要说明。   6、方便的加工性能   耐磨复合钢板可以切割,弯曲或卷曲、焊接和打孔,它可以加工成普通钢板可以加工的各种部件。切割好的复合板可以拼焊成各种工程结构件或零部件。   功能及特点   可焊接、耐磨性能好。

金属常识 --- 钢板

2018-12-12 09:40:23

一、钢板(包括带钢)的分类:  1、按厚度分类:(1)薄板(2)中板(3)厚板(4)特厚板  2、按生产方法分类:(1)热轧钢板(2)冷轧钢板  3、按表面特征分类:(1)镀锌板(热镀锌板、电镀锌板)(2)镀锡板(3)复合钢板(4)彩色涂层钢板  4、按用途分类:(1)桥梁钢板(2)锅炉钢板(3)造船钢板(4)装甲钢板(5)汽车钢板(6)屋面钢板(7)结构钢板(8)电工钢板(硅钢片)(9)弹簧钢板(10)其他二、普通及机械结构用钢板中常见的日本牌号  1、日本钢材(JIS系列)的牌号中普通结构钢主要由三部分组成:第一部分表示材质,如:S(Steel)表示钢,F(Ferrum)表示铁;第二部分表示不同的形状、种类、用途,如P(Plate)表示板,T(Tube)表示管,K(Kogu)表示工具;第三部分表示特征数字,一般为最低抗拉强度。如:SS400¡¡第一个S表示钢(Steel),第二个S表示“结构”(Structure),400为下限抗拉强度400MPa,整体表示抗拉强度为400 MPa的普通结构钢。  2、SPHC¡¡首位S为钢Steel的缩写,P为板Plate的缩写,H为热Heat的缩写,C商业Commercial的缩写,整体表示一般用热轧钢板及钢带。  3、SPHD¡¡表示冲压用热轧钢板及钢带。  4、SPHE¡¡表示深冲用热轧钢板及钢带。  5、SPCC¡¡表示一般用冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带,相当于中国Q195-215A牌号。其中第三个字母C为冷Cold的缩写。需保证抗拉试验时,在牌号末尾加T为SPCCT。  6、SPCD¡¡表示冲压用冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带,相当于中国08AL(13237)优质碳素结构钢。  7、SPCE¡¡表示深冲用冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带,相当于中国08AL(5213)深冲钢。需保证非时效性时,在牌号末尾加N为SPCEN。冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带调质代号:退火状态为A,标准调质为S,1/8硬为8,1/4硬为4,1/2硬为2,硬为1。  表面加工代号:无光泽精轧为D,光亮精轧为B。如SPCC-SD表示标准调质、无光泽精轧的一般用冷轧碳素薄板。再如SPCCT-SB表示标准调质、光亮加工,要求保证机械性能的冷轧碳素薄板。  8、JIS机械结构用钢牌号表示方法为:S+含碳量+字母代号(C、CK),其中含碳量用中间值×100表示,字母C:表示碳 K:表示渗碳用钢。如碳结卷板S20C其含碳量为0.18-0.23%。三、我国及日本硅钢片牌号表示方法  1、中国牌号表示方法:  (1)冷轧无取向硅钢带(片)表示方法:DW+铁损值(在频率为50HZ,波形为正弦的磁感峰值为1.5T的单位重量铁损值。)的100倍+厚度值的100倍。如DW470-50 表示铁损值为4.7w/kg,厚度为0.5mm的冷轧无取向硅钢,现新型号表示为50W470。  (2)冷轧取向硅钢带(片)表示方法:DQ+铁损值(在频率为50HZ,波形为正弦的磁感峰值为1.7T的单位重量铁损值。)的100倍+厚度值的100倍。有时铁损值后加G表示高磁感。如DQ133-30表示铁损值为1.33,厚度为0.3mm的冷轧取向硅钢带(片),现新型号表示为30Q133。  (3)热轧硅钢板热轧硅钢板用DR表示,按硅含量的多少分成低硅钢(含硅量≤2.8%)、高硅钢(含硅量>2.8%)。  表示方法:DR+铁损值(用50HZ反复磁化和按正弦形变化的磁感应强度最大值为1.5T时的单位重量铁损值)的100倍+厚度值的100倍。如DR510-50表示铁损值为5.1,厚度为0.5mm的热轧硅钢板。家用电器用热轧硅钢薄板的牌号用JDR+铁损值+厚度值来表示,如JDR540-50。  2、日本牌号表示方法:  (1)冷轧无取向硅钢带由公称厚度(扩大100倍的值)+代号A+铁损保证值(将频率50HZ,最大磁通密度为1.5T时的铁损值扩大100倍后的值)。如50A470表示厚度为0.5mm,铁损保证值为≤4.7的冷轧无取向硅钢带。  (2)冷轧取向硅钢带由公称厚度(扩大100倍的值)+代号G:表示普通材料,P:表示高取向性材料+铁损保证值(将频率50HZ,最大磁通密度为1.7T时的铁损值扩大100倍后的值)。如30G130表示厚度为0.3mm,铁损保证值为≤1.3的冷轧取向硅钢带。

08F钢板

2019-03-19 10:00:29

08F钢板化学成分08F钢板牌号08F钢板化学成分(质量分数)(%)CSiMnCrNiCu≤08F0.05~0.11≤0.030.25~0.500.100.300.25 08F钢板力学性能08F钢板牌号拉力强度MPa屈服点MPa断后伸长率(%)断面收缩率(%)08F2951753560

电镀锌钢板

2017-06-06 17:50:06

电镀锌钢板,是指采用电镀锌工艺镀锌的钢板。与热镀锌钢板相比,镀锌层厚度薄,但成本低。电镀锌也叫冷镀锌,就是利用电解原理,在制件表面形成均匀、致密、结合良好的锌镀层的过程。与其他 金属 相比,锌是相对便宜而又易镀覆的一种 金属 ,属低值防蚀电镀层,被广泛用于保护钢铁件,特别是防止空气氧化腐蚀,并用于装饰。镀锌板是指表面镀有一层锌的钢板。镀锌是一种经常采用的经济而有效的防腐方法。全世界锌 产量 的一半左右均用于此种工艺。镀锌是为防止钢板表面遭受腐蚀延长其使用寿命。镀锌板 市场 概况及生产消费现状近几年,我国镀锌板的生 产量 在逐年增加,出进口量也在逐年增加,增长幅度高于生 产量 的增加;扣除生产重复统计后,镀锌板消费量约为527万吨。1999年以后,进口量超过了生 产量 ,国内产品的自给率不足50%,并且有逐年降低的趋势。镀锌板消费量的增加主要依靠进口。近几年镀锌板进口逐年增长、进口的品种主要是电镀锌板,但电镀锌板进口的比例逐年降低;相应地,热镀锌板进口比例逐年增加,2003年我国热镀锌板的进口量第一次超过了电镀锌板的进口量。电镀锌钢板的特点:用电镀法制造这种镀锌钢板具有良好的加工性,但镀层较薄,耐腐蚀性不如热浸法镀锌板。

花纹钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

patterned section  花纹钢板  花纹钢板表面带有凸起(或凹陷)花纹的钢板。   花纹钢板也称网纹钢板,是其表面具有菱形或突棱的钢板。   花纹可以是单一的菱形、扁豆形或圆豆形,也可以由两种或两种以上花纹适当地组合成为组合型花纹板。   花纹主要起防滑和装饰作用。组合型花纹板的防滑能力、抗弯能力、节约金属量及外观等方面的综合效果,均明显优于单一型花纹板。   花纹钢板广泛用于造船、锅炉、汽车、拖拉机、火车车厢及建筑等行业。   花纹钢板由于其表面有突棱,有防滑作用,可用作地板、厂房扶梯、工作架踏板、船舶甲板、汽车底板等。   花纹钢板用于车间、大型设备或船舶走道和楼梯的踏板,是表面压出菱形或扁豆形花纹的钢板。   钢板是由普通碳素钢1-3号乙类钢生产的,厚度为2.5-8毫米,宽度为600-1800毫米,长度为2000-12000毫米。   花纹钢板的规格以基本厚度(突棱的厚度不计)表示,有2.5-8毫米10种规格。花纹板钢板用1-3号。    花纹钢板用钢牌号按GB/T700(碳素结构钢)、GB/T712(船体用结构钢)和GB/T4171(高耐候性结构钢)的规定供应。   乙类普通碳素结构钢轧制,化学成分符合GB700《普通碳素结构钢技术条件》的规定。    花纹板高不小于基板厚度0.2倍;    花纹钢板按实际重量或理论重量交货;    标记示例:用Q235-A制成的,尺寸为4*1000*4000mm.    圆豆花纹钢板,其标记为:圆豆形花纹钢板Q235-A-4*1000*4000-GB/T 3277-91    菱形花纹钢板,其标记为:菱形花纹钢板板B 3-4*1000*4000-GB 3277-82    钢板以热轧状态交货;花纹钢板表面不得有气泡、结疤、拉裂、折叠和夹杂、钢板不得有分层。    表面质量分为两级:    普通精度:钢板表面允许有薄层氧化铁皮、铁锈、由于氧化铁皮脱落所形成的表面粗糙和高度或深度古超过允许偏差的其他局部缺陷。花纹上允许有不明显的毛刺和高度不超过纹高的个别痕迹。单个缺陷的最大面积不超过纹长的平方。    较高精度:钢板表面允许有薄层氧化铁皮、铁锈和高度或深度不超过厚度公差之半的其他局部缺陷。    花纹完整无损,花纹上允许有高度不超过厚度公差之半的局部的轻微毛刺。型号 尺寸,mm 理论重量h b d kg/m10 100 68 4.5 11.26112.6 126 74 5 14.22314 140 80 5.5 16.8916 160 88 6 20.51318 180 94 6.5 24.14320a 200 100 7 27.92920b 200 102 9 31.06922a 220 110 7.5 33.0722b 220 112 9.5 36.52425a 250 116 8 38.10525b 250 118 10 42.0328a 280 122 8.5 43.49228b 280 124 10.5 47.88832a 320 130 9.5 52.71732b 320 132 11.5 57.74132c 320 134 13.5 62.76536a 360 136 10 30.03736b 360 138 12 65.68936c 360 140 14 71.34140a 400 142 10.5 67.59840b 400 144 12.5 73.87840c 400 146 14.5 80.15845a 450 150 11.5 80.4245b 450 152 13.5 87.48545c 450 154 15.5 94.5550a 500 158 12 93.65450b 500 160 14 101.50450c 500 162 16 109.35456a 560 166 12.5 106.31656b 560 168 14.5 115.10856c 560 170 16.5 123.963a 630 176 13 121.40763b 630 178 15 131.29863c 630 180 17 141.189(12) 120 74 5 13.987(24a) 240 116 8 37.477(24b) 240 118 10 41.245(27a) 270 122 8.5 42.825(27b) 270 124 10.5 47.064(30a) 300 126 9 48.084(30b) 300 128 11 52.794(30c) 300 130 13 57.504(55a) 550 166 12.5 105.335(55b) 550 168 14.5 113.97(55c) 550 170 16.5 122.605注:h-高度;b-腿宽度;d-腰厚度;()表示经供需双方协议可供应()中所规定的工字钢。 热轧槽钢理论重量速查表    (根据GB/T707-1988)型号 尺寸、mm 理论重量h b d kg/m5 50 37 4.5 5.4386.3 63 40 4.8 6.6348 80 43 5 8.04510 100 48 5.3 10.00712.6 126 53 5.5 12.31814a 140 58 6 14.53514b 140 60 8 16.73316a 160 63 6.5 17.2416b 160 65 8.5 19.75218a 180 68 7 20.17418b 180 70 9 2320a 200 73 7 22.63720b 200 75 9 25.77722a 220 77        7 24.99922b 220 79        9 28.45325a 250 78 7 27.4125b 250 80 9 31.33525c 250 82 11 35.2628a 280 82 7.5 31.42728b 280 84 9.5 35.82328c 280 86 11.5 40.21932a 320 90 8 38.08332b 320 88 10 43.10732c 320 90 12 48.13136a 360 92 9 47.81436b 360 96 11 5.46636c 360 98 13 59.11840a 400 100 10.5 58.92840b 400 102 12.5 65.20840c 400 104 14.5 71.488(6.5) 65 40 4.3 6.709(12) 120 53 5.5 12.059(24a) 240 78 7 26.86(24b) 240 80 9 30.628(24c) 240 82 11 34.396(27a) 270 82 7.5 30.838(27b) 270 84 9.5 35.077(27c) 270 86 11.5 39.316(30a) 300 85 7.5 34.463(30b) 300 87 9.5 39.173 花纹板理论重量速查表(根据GB/T3277-1991)基本 理论重量,kg/m²厚度 菱形 扁豆 圆豆2.5 21.6 21.3 21.13 25.6 24.4 24.33.5 29.3 28.4 28.34 33.4 32.4 32.34.5 37.3 36.4 36.25 42.3 40.5 40.25.5 46.2 44.3 44.16 50.1 48.4 48.17 59 52.6 52.48 66.8 56.4 56.2

钢板镀锌

2017-06-06 17:50:09

钢板镀锌是提高钢板耐锈蚀性能、装饰美观的一种工艺手法。目前,最常用的钢板镀锌方法是热镀锌。镀锌钢板是为防止钢板表面遭受腐蚀,延长其使用寿命,在钢板表面涂以一层 金属 锌,这种涂锌的钢板称为镀锌板或镀锌钢板。镀锌钢板广泛用于建筑、轻工、汽车、家电、电子、农牧渔业、商品包装等 行业 。近几年,我国建筑、家电等 行业 对镀锌板需求增长很快, 市场 潜力较大,尤其是近年来随着建筑轻型结构的迅速发展,轿车 产量 的逐年增加,家用电器的广泛普及,合资、独资企业电子产品的大量出口,使镀锌板的消费量增长较快。按生产方式分,镀锌板分为热镀锌板和电镀锌板。目前,国内镀锌板的生产无论是数量还是品种均不能满足 市场 需求,每年需要大量进口,国内镀锌板生产 市场 占有率较低,国内 市场 供不应求, 市场 潜力巨大。热镀锌钢板,将薄钢板浸入熔解的锌槽中,使其表面粘附一层锌的薄钢板。目前主要采用连续镀锌工艺生产,即把成卷的钢板连续浸在熔解有锌的镀槽中制成镀锌钢板;电镀锌钢板,用电镀锌法制造这种镀锌钢板具有良好的加工性。但镀层较薄,耐腐蚀性不如热浸法镀锌板;单面镀和双面差镀锌板,单面镀锌钢板,即只在一面镀锌的产品。在焊接、涂装、防锈处理、加工等方面,具有比双面镀锌板更好的适应性。为克服单面未涂锌的缺点,又有一种在另面涂以薄层锌的镀锌板,即双面差镀锌板;合金化镀锌板,这种钢板也是用热浸镀锌法制造,但在出槽后,立即把它加热到500℃左右,使其生成锌和铁的合金被膜。这种镀锌板具有良好的涂料的密着性和焊接性;合金、复合镀锌板,它是用锌和其他 金属 如铅、锌制成合金乃至复合镀成的钢板。这种钢板既具有卓越的防锈性能,又有良好的涂装性能。国内镀锌钢板生产消费存在的主要问题:生产品种不全;缺少锌合金镀层板;生产规格单一;生 产量 不足,机组能力小。钢板镀锌能有效地延长钢板的腐蚀时间,使得钢板的利用价值得到提升,目前钢材 市场 的镀锌钢板的 价格 也在小幅度的上涨。

硅酸铝棉应用特性

2019-01-09 10:13:37

硅酸铝:AlSiO3,是以硬质粘土熟料为原料,经电阻或电弧炉熔融、喷吹成纤工艺生产而成。特性:低导热率优良的热稳定性及化学稳定性不含粘结剂和腐蚀性物质。应用:设备的夹层填充纤维浇注料、涂抹料原料真空成型制品原料。硅酸铝纤维又叫陶瓷纤维是一种新型轻质耐火材料,该材料具有容重轻、耐高温、热稳定性好,热传导率低、热容小、抗机械振动好、受热膨胀小、隔热性能好等优点,经特殊加工,可制成硅酸铝纤维板、硅酸铝纤维毡、硅酸铝纤维绳、硅酸铝纤维毯等产品。新型密封材料具有耐高温导热系数低,容重轻,使用寿命长,抗拉强度大,弹性好,无毒等特点,是取代石棉的新型材料,广泛用于冶金、电力、机械、化工的热能设备上的保温。   生产工艺:   1、普通硅酸铝棉,是以硬质粘土熟料为原料经电阻炉熔融,喷吹而成的絮状纤维。   2、高铝型硅酸铝棉,是以高纯氧化铝、硅石粉合成料为原料,经电阻炉熔融,喷吹而成的絮状纤维。   3、含锆型硅酸铝棉,是以高纯氧化铝、硅石粉及锆英沙合成料为原料,经电阻炉熔融,喷吹而成的絮状纤维。   4、含胶硅酸铝棉,是上述棉在喷吹过程中加入一定比例的高温粘结剂制成。   技术特征:1、低导热率、低热容量。   2、优良的热稳定性、化学稳定性及吸音性。   3、无腐蚀性物质。   应用:   1、设备的夹层填充。   2、真空成型制品的原料。   3、纤维浇注料、涂抹料、喷涂料、纤维纸等的原料。   4、含胶硅酸铝棉是干法制板、管壳及异型构件的较佳原料国内应用情况硅酸铝纤维材料已在冶金、建材、机械、石油、化工、电子、船舶、交通运输、轻工等部门行到广泛的应用,并用于宇航及原子能等尖端科学技术。我国的硅酸铝棉工业始于70年代初,经过20多年的发展,国内硅酸铝棉及其制品的生产和应用已形成了完整的系列,生产技术已接近国际水平。硅酸铝纤维及其制品以其好的绝热保温性能,方便快捷的施工方式被广泛应用于各类高温窑炉的保温,使用温度可从700℃到1400℃。国内目前硅酸铝棉及其制品产量约为3万吨/年。

钢板常见分类

2019-03-18 11:00:17

钢板是钢材四大品种(板、管、型、丝)之一,在发达国家,钢板产量占钢材生产总量50%以上,随着我国国民经济的发展,钢板生产量逐渐增长。    钢板是一种宽厚比和表面积都很大的扁平钢材。钢板按厚度分为薄板和厚板两大规格。    薄钢板是用热轧或冷轧方法生产的厚度在0.2-4mm之间的钢板。薄钢板宽度在500-1400mm之间。根据不同的用途,薄钢板采用不同材质钢坯轧制而成。通常采用材质有普碳钢、优碳钢、合金结构钢、碳素工具钢、不锈钢、弹簧钢和电工用硅钢等。它们主要用于汽车工业、航空工业、搪瓷工业、电气工业、机械工业等部门。薄钢板除轧制后直接交货之外,还有经过酸洗的、镀锌和镀锡等种类。    厚钢板是厚度在4mm以上的钢板的统称,在实际工作中,常将厚度小于20mm的钢板称为中板,厚度>20mm至60mm的钢板称为厚板,厚度>60mm的钢板则需在专门的特厚板轧机上轧制,故称特厚板。厚钢板的宽度从0.6mm-3.0mm。厚板按用途又分造船钢板、桥梁钢板、锅炉钢板、高压容器钢板、花纹钢板、汽车钢板、装甲钢板和复合钢板等。    钢板的一个分支是钢带,钢带实际上是很长的薄板,宽度比较小,常成卷供应,也称为带钢。钢带常在多机架连续式轧机上生产,切成定尺长度后就是钢带,因此生产率比单张机制时高。    一、中厚板    (一)普通中厚钢板    1、普碳钢沸腾钢板(GB3274-88)    普碳钢沸腾钢板顾名思义是由普通碳素结构钢的沸腾钢热轧制成的钢板。沸腾钢是一种脱氧不完全的钢材,钢液含氧量较高,当钢水注入钢锭模后,碳氧反应产生大量气体,造成钢液呈沸腾状态而得名。沸腾钢含碳量低,且由于不用硅铁脱氧,故钢中含硅量常<0.07%。沸腾钢的外层是在沸腾状态下结晶的,所以表层纯净、致密,表面质量好,加工性能良好。沸腾钢没有大的集中缩孔,用脱氧剂少,钢材成本低。沸腾钢心部杂质多,偏析较严重,力学性能不均匀,钢中气体含量较多,韧性低、冷脆和时效敏感性较大,焊接性能较差,故不适用于制造承受冲击截荷,在低温下工作的焊接结构件和其他重要结构件。    沸腾钢板大量用制造各种冲压件、建筑及工程结构和一些不太重要的机器结构和零件。其材质的牌号、化学成分和力学性能符合GB700-79(88)(普通碳素结构钢技术条件)中沸腾钢的规定。热轧中厚钢板厚度为4.5-200mm。生产单位主要有鞍钢、武钢、马钢、太钢、重庆钢厂、邯郸钢铁总厂、新余钢厂、柳州钢厂、安阳钢钢公司、营口中板厂和天津钢厂等。    2、普碳钢镇静钢板(GB3274-88)    普碳镇静钢钢板是由普通碳素结构钢镇静钢坯热轧制成的钢板。镇静钢是脱氧完全的钢,钢液在注锭前用锰铁、硅铁和铝等进行充分脱氧,钢液在钢锭模中较平静,不产生沸腾状态,故得名为镇静钢。镇静钢的优点是化学成分均匀,所以各部分的机械性能也均匀,焊接性能和塑性良好、抗腐蚀性较强。但表面质量较差,有集中缩孔,成本也较高。    普通镇静钢板主要用于生产在低温下承受冲击的构件、焊接结构及其他要求较高强度的结构件。其材质的牌号、化学成分和力学性能符合GB700-79(88)(普通碳素结构钢技术条件)中镇静钢的规定。钢板的规格尺寸厚度4.5-200mm。生产单位主要有鞍钢、武钢、舞阳钢铁公司、马钢、太钢、重庆钢厂、邯郸钢铁总厂、新余钢厂、柳州钢厂、安阳钢铁公司、天津钢厂、营口中板厂、上钢一、三厂、韶关钢铁厂和济南钢铁厂等。    3、低合金结构钢板(GB3274-88)    低合金结构钢板是由低合金结构钢热轧制成的。低合金钢板都是镇静钢和半镇静钢板。其优点是强度较高、性能较好、能节省大量钢材、减轻结构重量等。低合金结构钢板越来越广泛用于机械制造和金属结构件等。热轧钢板厚度为4.5-200mm。生产单位包括鞍钢、武钢、舞阳钢铁公司、马钢、重庆钢厂、新余钢厂、柳州钢厂、昆明钢铁公司、天津钢厂、韶关特钢厂、安阳钢铁公司、上钢一、三厂和太钢等。    4、一般结构用热连轧钢板(GB2517-81)    主要用于建筑、桥梁、车辆等一般结构。钢板(带)厚度从1.2-13.0mm;宽度从700-1550mm;长度从2000-12000mm。    5、焊接结构用耐候钢板(GB4172-84)    耐候钢即耐大气腐蚀钢。焊接结构用耐候钢是在钢中加入少量的合金元素,如钢、铬、镍、钼、铌、钛、锆和钒等,使其在金属基体表面形成保护层,以提高钢材的耐候性,以及良好的焊接性能。主要用于桥梁、建筑及其他结构。    6、高耐候性结构钢钢板(GB4171-84)    耐候钢即耐大气腐蚀济。在钢中加入少量合金元素,如钢、磷、铬、镍、钼铌、钛、锆和钒等,使在金属基体表面形成保护层面提高钢材的耐候性能。主要适用于建筑、车辆、塔架和其他结构件。    7、花纹钢板(GB3277-82)    花纹钢板是其表面具有菱形或扁豆形突棱的钢板。其规格以其本身厚度(突棱的厚度不计)表示。花纹板具有防滑作用,常用作地板、厂房扶梯、工作架踏板、船舶甲板和汽车底板等。花纹板的材质用普通碳素结构钢的B1、B2和B3牌号钢轧制而成,其化学成分符合GB700-79(普通碳素结构钢技术条件)的规定。生产单位主要有鞍钢和安阳钢铁公司等。    8、桥梁用钢板(YB168-70)    桥梁钢板是专用于架造铁路或公路桥梁的钢板。要求有较高的强度、韧性以及承受机车车辆的载荷和冲击,且要有良好的抗疲劳性、一定的低温韧性和耐大气腐蚀性。拴焊桥梁用钢还应具有良好的焊接性能和低的缺口敏感性。主要用于铁路桥和公路桥其跨度在46-160mm之间的结构件。其规格:厚度从6-50mm、宽度从1.0-2.4mm、长度从2.0-16mm。我国生产桥梁用钢板主要有鞍钢、武钢、上钢三厂和重庆钢厂等单位。    9、船体结构用钢板(GB712-88)    船体结构用钢板简称船用板。由于船舶工作环境恶劣,船体壳要受海水的化学腐蚀、电化学腐蚀和海生物、微生物的腐蚀;船体承受较大的风浪冲击和交变负荷;船舶形状使其加工方法复杂等因素、所以对船体结构用钢要求严格。首先良好的韧性是最关键的要求,此外,要求有较高的强度,良好的耐腐蚀性能、焊接性能,加工成型性能以及表面质量。为保质量和保证有足够的韧性,要求化学成分的Mn/C在2.5以上,对碳当量也有严格要求,并由船检部门认可的钢厂生产。船体用结构钢分一般厚度和高强度钢两种,一般强度钢按质量分A、B、C和D四个等级;高强度钢又分两个强度级别和三个质量等级;AH32、DH32、EH32、AH36、DH36、EH36。    船体结构用钢板主要用于制造远洋、沿海和内河航运船舶的船体、甲板等的钢板。产品规格:厚度4.5-50mm、宽度1.0-2.2mm、长度4.0-12.0m。我国主要由武钢、马钢、上钢一、三厂、太钢、昆明钢铁公司和天津钢厂等生产。    10、锅炉用钢板(GB713-86)    按用途分,锅炉分工业锅炉和电站锅炉用两大类。工业锅炉通常是工业企业用于供热,属小型锅炉,其所用钢材为普通碳素结构钢和低合金结构钢。电站锅炉属大、中型锅炉,对钢材质量有特殊要求,一般要求具有优良综合性能的合金钢来制造。主要用于制作固定锅炉、船体锅炉及其他锅炉重要附件。钢板厚度从6-120mm。生产单位主要有鞍钢、武钢、上钢三厂、舞阳钢铁公司、柳州钢厂、重庆钢厂、太钢、昆明钢铁公司等生产。

65锰钢板价格

2017-06-06 17:49:53

65锰钢板价格,国内65锰钢板仍弱势盘整,市场成交较为冷清,钢厂公布采购价格低且量少,65锰钢板生产厂家信心差,亏损严重,较多地区小企业停炉、大厂选择减产,出口市场仍冷清,国际硅锰价格低于国内报价。国内65锰钢板FeMn65Si17市场出厂综合报价在6700-7100元/吨,FeMn60Si14市场报价在5400-6000元/吨,出口FOB报价在1030-1200美元。国内65锰钢板走势仍无起色,各地硅锰厂家亏损严重,钢厂采购价格低且采量少,虽目前各家报价暂无跌幅,但均表示,由于较多钢厂定价低,市场实际成交价格又有所小幅下调,较多厂家成本高,只能关停炉子,暂时不对外销售,以应对当前弱势。从矿石方面来看,同样受制于成交冷清,价格继续处于弱势,但由于国外矿石报价高,进口锰矿价格暂无太大跌幅,港口贸易商也不敢操作,对于短期内市场,各方均认为,由于整个钢铁体系的走弱,65锰钢板价格较难出现回暖可能,但市场大批硅锰企业关停,现货资源紧张致使个别地区价格小幅上调也不无可能。国内主要市场65锰钢板出厂价格继续持稳,市场成交略有转好。今日湖南地区的主流成交价维持在12300元/吨,部分厂家有12200元/吨的价格出货。目前市场上除重庆秀山地区有厂家陆续复工意以外其他地区产量基本稳定,下游需求近期也无太大的变动,这也是近期65锰钢板价格一直稳定的原因,厂家对后市也是比较茫然。有消息称民营钢厂本月第一次碰头会将于近日进行,本月的产量将成为主要探讨议题,之前外界一直预计本月民营钢厂将会继续减产。65锰钢板出口价格仍在2300美元/左右,尽管市场上询盘有所增加,但采购依然低迷。不过现在不锈钢行业已经开始出现回暖迹象,65锰钢板做为上游原料也会受到影响,不过有一定的滞后性。预计近期65锰钢板价格仍将平稳运行,长期或许有小幅上涨的可能。

含金钢棉冶炼前预处理

2019-03-05 12:01:05

含金钢棉是电积法在阴极上的产品。含金钢棉中,棉钢与堆积金的分量之比为1:(1.3~9.3)。在冶炼前,含金钢棉需用1:1的工业浸泡处理2小时,以除掉不锈钢棉及其他杂质。

硅酸铝散棉生产优点

2019-01-10 09:44:01

陶瓷纤维是一种纤维状轻质耐火材料,具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动等优点,因而在机械、冶金、化工、石油、陶瓷、玻璃、电子等行业都得到了广泛的应用.近几年由于全球能源价格的不断上涨、节能已成为中国国家战略的背景下,比隔热砖与浇筑料等传统耐材节能达10-30%的陶瓷纤维在中国国内得到了更多更广的应用,发展前景十分看好。    到目前为止,中国国内现在大大小小的陶瓷纤维生产厂家共有二百多家,但分类温度为1425℃(含锆纤维)及以下的陶瓷纤维的生产工艺,只分为甩丝毯与喷吹毯两种.甩丝毯与喷丝毯,哪个更优?选择哪种工艺生产的毯更合适?现从技术角度分析如下:    1.纤维丝的直径:甩丝纤维更粗些,甩丝纤维一般为3.0-5.0μm,喷丝纤维一般为2.0-3.0μm;    2.纤维丝的长度:甩丝纤维更长些,甩丝纤维一般为150-250mm,喷丝纤维一般为100-200mm;    3.导热系数:喷丝毯由于纤维较细而优于甩丝毯;    4.抗拉抗折强度:甩丝毯由于纤维更粗而优于喷丝毯;字串5    5.制作陶瓷纤维组块的应用:甩丝毯由于纤维较粗且长而优于喷丝毯,在组块制作的折叠过程中,喷吹纤维毯易于破碎和撕裂,而甩丝纤维毯可以折叠得非常紧密并且不易破坏,组块的质量会直接影响到炉衬的质量;    6.余热锅炉等大块毯的竖直层铺应用:甩丝毯由于纤维丝粗而长,具有更好的抗拉力,更经久耐用,所以甩丝毯优于喷丝毯;字串8    从生产历史上看,较早诞生的是喷丝生产工艺,但单线的生产能力较低,年产一般为1000-1500吨.随着生产效率提高的要求与生产工艺的不断探索与研究,较终发明了更先进的甩丝生产工艺,甩丝生产工艺的单条生产线的生产能力能达到喷丝工艺的2-4倍.以英国摩根热陶瓷公司在上海的甩丝毯生产线为例,单线年产量达近6000吨;以日本伊索来特公司在苏州的喷丝毯生产线为例,单线年产量仅为1500吨,仅为前者的四分之一.    字串7    甩丝生产工艺已被绝大多数行业生产巨头与客户接受,所以中国在近五年内几乎所有新建陶瓷纤维生产线都选用甩丝工艺法,如:2008年6月在中国国内投产的美国奇耐联合纤维公司的生产线为甩丝工艺,国内的较大的陶瓷纤维生产企业鲁阳公司的主生产线也大多为甩丝生产工艺.根据中国著名的轻质隔热材料销售与工程服务公司――上海埃索威耐火材料有限公司的相关市场统计与分析显示,近五年来,在中国国内的主要钢铁与石化的项目,特别是需要大量陶瓷纤维组块的项目,几乎全部选用甩丝工艺生产的陶瓷纤维毯及组块.不难看出,绝大多数的客户高度信任并选择了甩丝生产工艺生产的陶瓷纤维.    喷丝纤维毯也有其独特的应用,如果需要将纤维打碎后做成二次加工品(如:制作真空成型品等),喷丝纤维因纤维较细而更容易与其他原料充分混合,所以较受欢迎.    所以,甩丝与喷丝工艺的陶瓷纤维各有所长,客户要根据实际应用取其长而避其短,以期达到较佳的效果.当然,甩丝毯的适用场合要远远多于喷丝毯.    就未来的发展前景来看,中国的陶瓷纤维生产总量还会提高,新的生产线仍以甩丝生产工艺为主.相对而言,喷丝毯的生产规模与占市场总量的比例将逐步减小,喷丝毯生产工艺较适合于生产规模较小的企业,特别是早期投入资金较小的企业.甩丝生产工艺在中国的市场竞争,也将越来越激烈了,这对消费者而言肯定是件好事,因为能花更少的钱,就享受到更多更好的产品了.这对中国热能应用的相关产业的发展,特别是对工业生产过程中的节能降耗而言,也肯定是件大好事。

镀锌钢板

2017-06-06 17:50:04

镀锌板是为防止钢板表面遭受腐蚀,延长其使用寿命,在钢板表面涂以一层 金属 锌,这种涂锌的钢板称为镀锌板或镀锌钢板。镀锌板广泛用于建筑、轻工、汽车、家电、电子、农牧渔业、商品包装等 行业 。近几年,我国建筑、家电等 行业 对镀锌板需求增长很快, 市场 潜力较大,尤其是近年来随着建筑轻型结构的迅速发展,轿车 产量 的逐年增加,家用电器的广泛普及,合资、独资企业电子产品的大量出口,使镀锌板的消费量增长较快。按生产方式分,镀锌板分为热镀锌板和电镀锌板。目前,国内镀锌板的生产无论是数量还是品种均不能满足 市场 需求,每年需要大量进口,国内镀锌板生产 市场 占有率较低,国内 市场 供不应求, 市场 潜力巨大。镀锌板按生产及加工方法可分为以下几类:①热浸镀锌板将薄钢板浸入熔解的锌槽中,使其表面粘附一层锌的薄钢板。目前主要采用连续镀锌工艺生产,即把成卷的钢板连续浸在熔解有锌的镀槽中制成镀锌钢板;②合金化镀锌板这种钢板也是用热浸镀锌法制造,但在出槽后,立即把它加热到500℃左右,使其生成锌和铁的合金被膜。这种镀锌板具有良好的涂料的密着性和焊接性;③电镀锌板用电镀锌法制造这种镀锌钢板具有良好的加工性。但镀层较薄,耐腐蚀性不如热浸法镀锌板;④单面镀和双面差镀锌板单面镀锌钢板,即只在一面镀锌的产品。在焊接、涂装、防锈处理、加工等方面,具有比双面镀锌板更好的适应性。为克服单面未涂锌的缺点,又有一种在另面涂以薄层锌的镀锌板,即双面差镀锌板;⑤合金、复合镀锌板它是用锌和其他 金属 如铅、锌制成合金乃至复合镀成的钢板。这种钢板既具有卓越的防锈性能,又有良好的涂装性能。镀锌板的外观(1)表面状态:镀锌板由于涂镀工艺中处理方式不同,表面状态也不同,如普通锌花、细锌花、平整锌花、无锌花以及磷化处理的表面等。(2)镀锌板应具有良好的外观,不得有对产品使用有害的缺陷,如无镀、孔洞、破裂以及浮渣、超过镀厚、擦伤、铬酸污垢、白锈等。国外标准对具体外观缺陷规定都不十分明确。国内镀锌板生产消费存在的主要问题1、生 产量 不足,机组能力小2、生产品种、规格、质量有待提高①生产品种不全②生产规格单一③缺少锌合金镀层板④热镀锌板原料自给率低总之,高质量、高档次的热镀锌板,尤其是汽车、家电用镀锌板,要求具有非常高的表面质量、优良的板型、不同的合金化镀层、深冲性能良好、强度高。因此,生产高质量热镀锌板生产是一个系统工程,对冶炼、连铸、热轧、冷轧、镀锌等一系列生产工序均提出质量一贯制的要求,生产难度较大。 

电工钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

电工钢板(又称硅钢片、矽钢片)是指一种含碳量极低(经退火后,含碳量在0.005%以下)的硅铁软磁合金,一般硅含量为0.5%~4.5%,铁中加入硅可以提高其电阻率和最大导磁率。主要用来制造各种变压器、电动机和发电机的铁芯。电工钢板分为两大类,即取向电工钢板和无取向电工钢板。 开发电工钢板一种具有高导电性能和高耐蚀性的无铬钢板 ,据说这种无铬耐蚀的高导电性钢板是在其表面上涂复了一层很薄的无铬涂层 ,这种涂层既能提供耐蚀性又提高了其导电性。日本钢公司开发的一种新型电工钢板

冷轧钢板

2019-03-18 11:00:17

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板,俗称冷板。  冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较,冷轧钢板厚度更加精确,而且表面光滑、漂亮,同时还具有各种优越的机械性能,特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬,不太适合加工,所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下,如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下;最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。   一般来说,冷轧钢板分为三代产品:沸腾钢为第一代,铝镇静钢为第二代,无间隙原子刚(IF钢)为第三代。   您查询的关键词是:冷轧钢板  。如果打开速度慢,可以尝试快速版;如果想保存快照,可以添加到搜藏。 "冷轧钢板""2,冷轧钢板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.56",,"2.5","6000x1200 7000x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","22.25""0.45",,"4.01",,"2.75",,"24.48""0.5",,"4.45",,"3.0",,"26.70""0.6",,"5.34",,"3.5",,"31.50""0.7",,"6.23",,"4.0",,"35.60""0.8",,"7.12",,"4.5",,"40.05""0.9",,"8.01",,"5.0",,"44.50""1.0",,"8.90",,"5.5",,"48.95""1.1",,"9.79",,"6.0",,"53.40""1.2",,"10.68",,"6.5",,"57.85""1.35",,"12.02",,"7.0",,"62.30""1.5",,"13.35",,"7.5",,"66.75""1.65",,"14.60",,"8.0",,"71.20""1.8",,"16.02",,"9.0",,"80.10""2.0",,"17.80",,"10.0",,"89.00""2.25",,"20.03""冷轧铜条""2,冷轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.20","200~400","500~800","1.78",,"2.50","200~500","500~2000","22.25""0.25",,,"2.23",,"2.75",,,"24.48""0.30",,,"2.67",,"3.00",,"1000~2000","26.70""0.35",,,"3.12",,"3.50",,,"31.15""0.40","200~500","500~2000","3.56",,"4.00",,,"35.60""0.45",,,"4.01",,"4.50",,,"40.05""0.50",,,"4.45",,"5.00",,,"44.50""0.60",,,"5.34",,"5.50",,,"48.95""0.70",,,"6.23",,"6.00",,,"53.40""0.80",,,"7.12",,"6.50",,,"57.85""0.90",,,"8.01",,"7.00",,,"62.30""1.00",,,"8.90",,"8.00",,,"71.20""1.20",,,"10.68",,"9.00",,,"80.10""1.30",,,"11.57",,"10.00",,,"89.00""1.40",,,"12.46",,"11.00",,,"97.90""1.50",,,"13.35",,"12.00",,,"106.8""1.60",,,"14.69",,"13.00",,,"115.7""1.80",,,"16.02",,"14.00",,,"124.6""2.00",,,"17.80",,"15.00",,,"133.5""注 铜板和条(热轧,冷轧)的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4和TU和TUP,其化学成分应符合YB145-71规定""特殊用冷轧黄铜条""3,特殊用冷轧黄铜条(YB555-65)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)""0.20","200~300","500~1000","1.76",,"1.6","200~500","500~2000","14.08""0.25",,,"2.20",,"1.8",,,"15.84""0.30","200~400",,"2.64",,"2.0",,,"17.60""0.35",,,"3.08",,"2.5",,,"22.00""0.40","200~500",,"3.52",,"2.75",,,"24.20""0.45",,,"3.96",,"3.0",,,"26.40""0.50",,"500~2000","4.40",,"3.5",,,"30.80""0.55",,,"4.84",,"4.0",,,"35.20""0.60",,,"5.28",,"4.5",,,"39.60""0.70",,,"6.16",,"5.0",,,"44.00""0.80",,,"7.04",,"5.5",,,"48.40""0.90",,,"7.92",,"6.0",,,"52.80""1.0",,,"8.8",,"6.5",,,"57.20""1.2",,,"10.56",,"7.0",,,"61.60""1.3",,,"11.44",,"8.0",,,"70.40""1.4",,,"12.32",,"9.0",,,"79.20""1.5",,,"13.20",,"10.0",,,"88.00""注 (1)标记举例:用H80制成的,厚度为0.8mm,宽度为300mm,长度为1000mm的1/2硬条标记为:"" 条H80-Y20.8x300x1000YB555-65."" (2)冷轧条分为定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.""多面体的体积和表面积""多面体的体积和表面积""图形",,"尺寸符号",,"重心(G)""立方体",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方体∧棱柱∨",,,,"G0=h/2""三棱柱",,,,"Go=h/2""棱锥",,,,"Go=h/4""棱台""圆柱和空心圆柱∧管∨",,,,"Go=h/2""斜线直圆柱""直圆锥",,,,"Go=h/4""圆台""球",,,,"在球心上""球扇形∧球楔∨",,,,"Go=3/4(r-h/2)""球缺",,,,"Go=3(2r-h)2/4(3r-h)""圆环体∧胎∨",,,,"在环中心上""球带体",,,,"Go=h1+h/2""桶形",,,,"在轴交点上""椭球体",," a,b,c-半轴",,"在轴交点上""交叉圆柱体",,,,"在二轴交点上""梯形体""常用图形求面积,体积公式""常用图形求面积,体积公式""图形",,"尺寸符号","面积(F) 表面积(S)","重心(G)""正方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""三角形",,,,"GB=1/3BD CD=DA""平行四边形",,,,"对角线交点上""任意四边形""正多边形",,,,"在o点上""菱形",,,,"在对角线交点上""梯形""圆形",,,,"在圆心上""椭圆形",,"a·b-主轴","F= (π/4) a·b","在主轴交点G上""扇形""弓形""圆环",,,,"在圆心O""部分圆环""新月形",,,,"O1G=(π-P)L/2P","L d/10","2d/10 3d/10 4d/10","5d/10 6d/10 7d/10 ","8d/10 9d/10","P 0.40","0.79 1.18 1.56","1.91 2.25 2.55","2.81 3.02""抛物线形""等多边形",,," "," 在内,外接圆心处""冷轧黄钢板""4,冷轧黄钢板(YB460-71)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)""0.20","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","1.70",,"2.00","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","17.00""0.25",,"2.13",,"2.25",,"19.13""0.30",,"2.55",,"2.50",,"21.25""0.35",,"2.98",,"2.75",,"23.38""0.40",,"3.40",,"3.00",,"25.50""0.45",,"3.82",,"3.50",,"29.75""0.50",,"4.25",,"4.00",,"34.00""0.60",,"5.10",,"4.50",,"38.20""0.70",,"5.95",,"5.00",,"42.50""0.80",,"6.80",,"5.50",,"46.75""0.90",,"7.65",,"6.00",,"51.00""1.00",,"8.50",,"6.50",,"55.25""1.10",,"9.35",,"7.00",,"59.50""1.20",,"10.20",,"7.50",,"63.75""1.35",,"11.48",,"8.00",,"68.00""1.50",,"12.75",,"9.00",,"76.50""1.65",,"14.03",,"10.00",,"85.00""1.80",,"15.30""注 (1)冷轧软板仅供应H59,H62,H68,H80,H90,H96,HMn58-2,HPb59-1牌号.""(2)冷轧1/2硬板仅供应H62,H65,H68,H90,HMn58-2牌号.""(3)冷轧特硬板仅供应H62牌号.""(4)冷轧板材长度分为:定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.其通常长度为500~2000mm,但长度不得小于宽度.""特殊用冷轧黄钢板""5,特殊用冷轧黄钢板(YB555-65)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.52",,"2.25","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","19.60""0.45",,"3.96",,"2.50",,"22.00""0.50",,"4.40",,"2.75",,"24.20""0.55",,"4.84",,"3.0",,"26.40""0.60",,"5.28",,"3.5",,"30.80""0.70",,"6.16",,"4.0",,"35.20""0.80",,"7.04",,"4.5",,"39.60""0.90",,"7.92",,"5.0",,"44.00""1.0",,"8.80",,"5.5",,"48.40""1.1",,"9.68",,"6.0",,"52.80""1.2",,"10.56",,"6.5",,"57.20""1.35",,"11.88",,"7.0",,"61.60""1.5",,"13.20",,"7.5",,"66.60""1.65",,"14.52",,"8.0",,"70.40""1.8",,"15.84",,"9.0",,"79.20""2.0",,"17.60",,"10.0",,"88.00""注 标记举例:用H90制成的,厚度为2.5mm,宽度为600mm,长度为1200mm的软板标记为:"" 板H90M2.5x600x1200xYB555-65.""铝及铝合金板""6,铝及铝合金板""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)"0.5,"1.40",,"2.5","7.00",,"9.0","25.2",,"25","70.0"0.6,"1.68",,"3.0","8.40",,"10.0","28.0",,"30","84.0"0.8,"2.24",,"3.5","9.80",,"12.0","33.6",,"35","98.0""1.0","2.80",,"4.0","11.20",,"14.0","39.2",,"40","112.0""1.2","3.36",,"5.0","14.00",,"16.0","44.8",,"50","140.0""1.5","4.20",,"6.0","16.80",,"18.0","50.4",,"60","168.0""1.8","5.04",,"7.0","19.60",,"20.0","56.0",,"70","196.0""2.0","5.60",,"8.0","22.40",,"22.0","61.6",,"80","224.0""注 (1)板的宽度有1000,1200和500mm;板的长度有2000,3000和4000mm."" (2)理论重量按LY11,LY12和LD10等牌号铝合金的比重2.8计算,对于其他牌号的铝合金和工业纯铝,应乘以"" 下列换算系数:LD2-0.961;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975;LC4-1.018;工业纯铝-0.967.""铅板""7,铅板(GB1470-79)""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)""1.0","11.37",,"3.0","34.11",,"5.0","56.85",,"9.0","102.33""1.5","17.06",,"3.5","39.80",,"6.0","68.22",,"10.0","113.70""2.0","22.74",,"4.0","45.48",,"7.0","79.59",,"12.0","136.44""2.5","28.43",,"4.5","51.17",,"8.0","90.96",,"16.0","170.55""注 (1)铅的化学成分按GB469-64标准."" (2)板材理论重量按比重为11.34计算,宽度按500mm进张."" (3)板材成卷供应,厚度大于15mm的板材,以片状供应,厚度不大于1.5mm的板材,应用木箱包装.""纯铜带"",纯铜带(YB464-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.05","18~150","≥20","0.44",,"0.50","18~300","≥10","4.45""0.06",,,"0.53",,"0.55",,,"4.90""0.07",,,"0.62",,"0.60",,,"5.34""0.08",,,"0.71",,"0.65",,,"5.79""0.09",,,"0.80",,"0.70",,,"6.23""0.10","18~300",,"0.89",,"0.75",,,"6.68""0.12",,,"1.07",,"0.80",,,"7.12""0.15",,,"1.34",,"0.85",,,"7.57""0.18",,,"1.60",,"0.90",,,"8.01""0.20",,,"1.78",,"1.00",,,"8.90""0.22",,,"1.96",,"1.10",,,"9.79""0.25",,,"2.23",,"1.20",,"≥7","10.68""0.30",,,"2.67",,"1.30",,,"11.57""0.35",,,"3.12",,"14.40",,,"12.46""0.40",,,"3.56",,"1.50",,,"13.35""0.45",,,"4.01""注 纯铜带的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4,TUP,其化学成分符合YB145-71的规定.""铝带""9,铝带""宽 度 (mm)","厚 度 (mm)","3","4","5","6","8","10","12","重 量 (kg/m)""10","0.080","0.107","0.134 0.161 0.268 0.335 0.402 0.536 0.670 0.804 1.072 1.340 1.608","0.161","0.214","0.268","0.322""12","0.096","0.129",,"0.193","0.257","0.322","0.386""15","0.121","0.161",,"0.241","0.322","0.402","0.482""20","0.161","0.214",,"0.322","0.429","0.568","0.643""25","0.201","0.268",,"0.402","0.568","0.670","0.804""30","0.241","0.332",,"0.482","0.643","0.804","0.965""40","0.322","0.429",,"0.643","0.858","1.072","1.286""50","0.402","0.536",,"0.804","1.072","1.340","1.608""60","0.482","0.643",,"0.965","1.286","1.608","1.930""80","0.643","0.858",,"1.286","1.715","2.144","2.573""100","0.804","1.072",,"1.608","2.144","2.680","3.216""120","0.965","1.286",,"1.930","2.573","3.216","3.859""注 表中重量系以LY11,LY12,(比重2.8)为准,其他合金应乘以下列系数:"" L1~L6-0.967;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975.""热轧铜条""1,热轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""4.0","200~500","≥1000","35.60",,"8.0","200~500","≥1000","71.20""4.5",,,"40.05",,"9.0",,,"80.10""5.0",,,"44.05",,"10.0",,,"89.0""5.5",,,"48.95",,"11.0",,,"97.9""6.0",,,"53.40",,"12.0",,,"106.8""6.5",,,"57.85",,"13.0",,,"115.7""7.0",,,"62.30",,"14.0",,,"124.6""7.5",,,"66.75",,"15.0",,,"133.5""英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""(二)英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm""0","0.324","8.230",,"14","0.080","2.032",,"28","0.0148","0.376""1","0.300","7.020",,"15","0.072","1.829",,"29","0.0136","0.345""2","0.276","7.010",,"16","0.064","1.626",,"30","0.0124","0.315""3","0.252","6.401",,"17","0.056","1.422",,"31","0.0116","0.295""4","0.232","5.893",,"18","0.048","1.219",,"32","0.0108","0.274""5","0.212","5.385",,"19","0.040","1.016",,"33","0.0100","0.254""6","0.192","4.877",,"20","0.036","0.914",,"34","0.0092","0.234""7","0.176","4.470",,"21","0.032","0.813",,"35","0.0084","0.213""8","0.160","4.064",,"22","0.028","0.711",,"36","0.0076","0.193""9","0.144","3.658",,"23","0.024","0.610",,"37","0.0068","0.173""10","0.128","3.251",,"24","0.022","0.559",,"38","0.0060","0.152""11","0.116","2.946",,"25","0.020","0.508",,"39","0.0052","0.132"12,"0.104","2.642",,"26","0.018","0.457",,"40","0.0048","0.122"13,"0.092","2.337",,"27","0.0164","0.417",,"41","0.0044","0.112""刺钢丝""三)刺钢丝规格和重量""说 明 和 用 途",,"钢丝划号 (号)","刺间距离 (mm)","每kg长度 (m)","重量 (kg/km)""刺钢丝又名刺铁丝,俗称"花园铅丝"(因常作花园围墙篱笆之用,故名),系以镀锌钢丝经机器铰缠而成(一般用#12或#14钢丝制作).适于作各种围墙(尤其是公园围墙和临时建筑场地 的围墙)篱笆或障碍物用.",,"12","65","6.4","156",,,"75","7.2","139",,,"100","7.9","127",,,"125","8.6","116",,"14","65","10.9","91.8",,,"75","11.5","86.9",,,"100","13.0","76.9",,,"125","14.0","71.4""注 (1)刺钢丝规格的注写方法为"钢丝直径(号数)x尖数x刺间距离",或"钢丝直径(号数)x刺间距离"."" (2)表列刺钢丝的"每kg长度"和"重量",仅供参考.""刻痕钢丝""四)刻痕钢丝规格和重量""直径 (mm)","断面积 (mm2)","重量 (kg/m)"," 抗 拉 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,"屈 服 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,,"I组","II组","I组","II组""2.5","4.90","0.034","190","160","152","128""3","7.06","0.056","180","150","144","120""4","12.56","0.094","170","140","136","112""5","19.63","0.150","160","130","126","104""注 刻痕钢丝是由预应力混凝土结构用碳素钢丝(冷拔高强度钢丝)在经特制的"刻痕机"进行刻痕而制成的"" 预应力钢筋混凝土结构用的钢丝.""钢丝网""五)钢丝网规格和重量""号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)"20,"1.6","1.5",,"6","2.0","6.7",,"2.5","0.7","2.0",,"1","0.3","0.9","3.0","5.1",,"5.5","0.5","0.6",,"2.2","0.45","1.0",,,"0.35","1.2""18","1.6","1.7",,,"1.6","4.7",,,"0.6","1.6",,"0.9","0.25","0.7","3.0","5.7",,,"2.0","7.2",,,"0.8","2.9",,,"0.3","1.0""16","1.6","1.9",,"5","0.7","1.1",,"2","0.4","0.9",,,"0.4","1.6","3.0","6.3",,,"1.4","4.1",,,"0.5","1.3",,"0.8","0.22","0.6""14","1.4","1.7",,,"2.2","8.9",,,"0.6","1.9",,,"0.28","0.9","2.5","4.9",,"4.5","0.5","0.7",,,"1.2","6.0",,,"0.3","1.0""12","1.2","1.4",,,"1.0","2.3",,"1.8","0.4","0.9",,"0.7","0.2","0.6","2.5","5.7",,,"1.8","6.8",,,"0.5","1.4",,,"0.25","0.9""11","1.2","1.5",,"4","0.6","1.0",,,"0.7","2.6",,,"0.30","1.2","2.5","6.1",,,"1.0","2.6",,"1.6","0.3","0.6",,"0.63","0.22","0.7""10","1.0","1.2",,,"1.4","4.8",,,"0.4","1.0",,,"0.25","0.9","2.5","6.6",,"3.5","0.7","1.5",,,"0.45","1.3",,,"0.28","1.2""9","1.0","1.3",,,"1.0","2.9",,"1.4","0.30","0.7",,"0.56","0.22","0.8","2.2","5.7",,,"1.2","4.0",,,"0.35","0.9",,,"0.25","1.0""8","0.7","0.7",,"3.2","0.45","0.7",,,"0.65","2.7",,,"0.28","1.2","1.2","2.1",,,"0.9","2.7",,"1.2","0.28","0.7",,"0.5","0.22","0.9","1.8","4.5",,,"1.2","4.3",,,"0.35","1.0",,,"0.25","1.1""7","0.7","0.8",,"2.8","0.4","0.7",,,"0.4","1.3",,,"0.3","1.5","1.2","2.3",,,"0.7","1.8",,"1.1","0.28","0.7",,"0.45","0.2","0.8","1.8","5.0",,,"1.0","3.6",,,"0.35","1.1",,,"0.25","1.2""6","0.7","0.9",,"2.5","0.4","0.7",,,"0.40","1.4",,,"0.2","0.9","1.2","2.7",,,"0.5","1.1",,"1","0.25","0.7",,"0.4","0.25","1.3""钢板网""六)钢板网规格和重量""品 种","规 格 (mm)",,,,,,"每张大约重量(kg)","生产单位","丝梗厚度 h","孔眼宽度 T","丝梗宽度 b","节 距 t","网面宽度 B","网面长度 L""小","0.5","9","1","25","1800","600","0.875","上海中国钢板网厂",,,,,"2000",,"0.875","0.6","9","1","25","1800","600","1.000",,,,,"2000",,"1.125","0.7","9","1","25","1800","600","1.125",,,,,"2000",,"1.250""网","0.75","9","1","25","1800","600","1.250",,,,,"2000",,"1.375","0.8","9","1","25","1800","600","1.375",,,,,"2000",,"1.500","1","9","1","25","1500","600","1.625",,,,,"1800",,"1.875",,,,,"2000",,"2.125""大","0.5","7","1.2","2.5","1800","2800","5.85","上海中国钢板网厂","1","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","11.70",,"9","1.2","25","1500","3000","7.95",,,,,"1800","3600","11.70",,"9","1.1","25","2000","4000","14.76",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","11.70",,,,,"2000","4000","14.60","1.2","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","14.04",,"9","1.2","25","1800","3600","14.04",,,"1.1","25","2000","4000","17.71",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","14.04""网",,,,,"2000","4000","17.71","1.5","11","1.6","40","1800","3600","17.55",,"17","2.3","65","2000","4000","22.14","2","17","2.3","65","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"22","3.0","75","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"27","3.8","100","2000","4000","29.52","3","36","4.6","115","2000","4000","44.28",,"45","6.1","150""钢丝纱""七)钢丝纱(窗纱)规格和重量""规 格","面 积(m2/卷)","重 量",,"(kg/卷)","(kg/m2)""14目3x100","27.87","12.5","0.448""14目4x100","37.16","16.6","0.448""16目3x100",27.87,13.5,"0.484""16目4x100",37.16,"18.0","0.484""紫铜丝布""(八)紫铜丝布(紫铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","22","2.691",,"30","30","2.5116",,"65","36","1.9734""10","24","2.691",,"35","31","1.9734",,"70","36","1.9734""12","24","3.0498",,"40","32","1.9734",,"75","37","1.9734""16","26","2.1528",,"45","33","1.9734",,"80","37","1.9734""20","27","2.1528",,"50","34","1.9734",,"100","39","1.7940""24","30","2.1528",,"55","35","1.9734""28","30","2.3322",,"60","35","1.7940""黄铜丝布""(九)黄铜丝布(黄铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","24","1.5787",,"24","34","0.8611",,"50","38","0.6458""10","26","1.2375",,"26","34","0.8252",,"60","41","0.3947""12","27","1.2558",,"28","36","0.5386",,"70","42","0.3347""14","27","1.3276",,"30","36","0.5741",,"80","43","0.3767""16","32","0.6100",,"32","36","0.6100",,"90","43","0.4306""18","33","0.6100",,"34","36","0.6279",,"100","43","0.5023""20","33","0.7176",,"36","36","0.7176",,"110","44","0.3347""22","33","0.8611",,"40","36","0.4844",,"120","44","0.4485""铝及铝合金直角角型材""1,铝及铝合金直角角型材(XC111)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b"1,"12","1","0.234","0.065",,"25","25","1.3","0.734","0.204",,"49","38.3","5","3.590","0.998"2,"12","2","0.440","0.122",,"26","25","1.6","0.777","0.216",,"50","38.3","6.3","4.444","1.235"3,"12.5","1.6","0.377","0.105",,"27","25","2","0.964","0.268",,"51","40","2","1.564","0.435"4,"15","1","0.294","0.082",,"28","25","2.5","1.189","0.331",,"52","40","2.5","1.944","0.540"5,"15","1.2","0.353","0.098",,"29","25","3","1.410","0.392",,"53","40","3","2.320","0.645"6,"15","1.5","0.434","0.121",,"30","25","3.2","1.509","0.429",,"54","40","3.5","2.671","0.743"7,"15","2","0.564","0.157",,"31","25","3.5","1.641","0.456",,"55","40","3.5","2.694","0.749"8,"15","3","0.820","0.223",,"32","25","4","1.857","0.516",,"56","40","4","3.057","0.850"9,"16","1.6","0.429","0.119",,"33","25","5","2.242","0.623",,"57","40","5","3.750","1.043"10,"16","2.4","0.726","0.202",,"34","27","2","1.041","0.289",,"58","45","4","3.475","0.961"11,"18","1.5","0.524","0.146",,"35","27","2","1.090","0.303",,"59","45","5","4.277","1.189"12,"18","2","0.684","0.190",,"36","30","1.5","0.884","0.246",,"60","50","3","2.920","0.812"13,"19","1.6","0.585","0.163",,"37","30","2","1.164","0.324",,"61","50","4","3.857","1.072"14,"19","2.4","0.861","0.239",,"38","30","2.5","1.438","0.400",,"62","50","5","4.777","1.328"15,"19","3.2","1.125","0.313",,"39","30","3","1.720","0.478",,"63","50","6","5.655","1.572"16,"20","1","0.397","0.110",,"40","30","4","2.240","0.623",,"64","50","6.5","6.110","1.699"17,"20","1.2","0.473","0.131",,"41","32","2.4","1.491","0.415",,"65","50","12","10.600","2.947"18,"20","1.5","0.584","0.162",,"42","32","3.2","1.957","0.554",,"66","60","5","5.777","1.606"19,"20","2","0.764","0.212",,"43","32","3.5","2.131","0.592",,"67","60","6","6.855","1.906"20,"20","3","1.140","0.137",,"44","32","6.5","3.723","1.036",,"68","75","7","10.010","2.783"21,"20","4","1.475","0.410",,"45","35","3","2.005","0.557",,"69","75","8","11.360","3.158"22,"20.5","1.6","0.633","0.176",,"46","35","4","2.657","0.739",,"70","75","10","14.000","3.892"23,"23","2","0.680","0.245",,"47","38","2.4","1.773","0.498",,"71","90","5","8.750","2.433"24,"25","1.2","0.597","0.166",,"48","38.3","3.5","2.562","0.712",,"72","90","8","13.760","3.825""注 (1)铝及铝合金型材的尺寸,规格等摘自冶金工业部1970年颁发的《铝及铝镁合金挤压型材》."" (2)表内理论重量均按LY12合金比重(2.78)进行计算,其他材料的比重及换算系数如下:L1~L7(2.71)-0.975;"" LF2(2.68)-0.964;LF11(2.65)-0.953;LF21(2.73)-0.982;LD2(2.70)-0.971;"" LY11(2.80)-1.007;LY12(2.78)-1.000."" (3)铝型材主要生产单位有哈尔滨和西北铝加工厂等.西北铝加工厂的产品断面为100~400cm2,宽度小于530mm."" (4)铝及铝合金型材规格的表示方法是型材类别组号加序号,如XC111-4,其中,XC表示型材,后面的数字依次为"" 类别,组号,连字符后的数字为顺序号.""铝及铝合金直丁字型材""2,铝及铝合金直丁字型材(XC211)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"15","25","1","0.405","0.113",,"34","32","45","3","2.259","0.628"2,"19","50","2","1.378","0.383",,"35","32","48","2.4","1.874","0.521"3,"20","20","2","0.760","0.211",,"36","32","50","3","2.423","0.674"4,"20","30","1.5","0.740","0.206",,"37","35","32","1.5","1.000","0.278"5,"20","35","2","1.060","0.295",,"38","35","35","4","2.713","0.754"6,"20","37","2","1.117","0.311",,"39","35","40","2","1.468","0.408"7,"20","42","2","1.200","0.334",,"40","37","42","2","1.500","0.417"8,"20","42","2","1.240","0.345",,"41","38","44","5","3.910","1.087"9,"20","45","2","1.860","0.517",,"42","38","50","3.5","3.026","0.841"10,"20","90","2","2.160","0.600",,"43","38","50","4.8","3.990","1.109"11,"21","53","1.8","1.300","0.361",,"44","39","75","5","5.510","1.532"12,"22","48","1.4","1.960","0.267",,"45","40","36","5","3.350","0.933"13,"25","29","1.6","0.847","0.25",,"46","40","45","3","2.479","0.689"14,"25","35","1.5","0.890","0.247",,"47","40","45","4","3.274","0.910"15,"25","38","2.5","1.510","0.420",,"48","40","68","3","3.300","0.917"16,"25","40","2","1.280","0.356",,"49","40","130","6","9.840","2.736"17,"25","45","2.5","1.726","0.480",,"50","42","64","4","4.100","1.140"18,"25","45","3","2.019","0.561",,"51","45","40","2.2","1.860","0.517"19,"25","45","4","2.708","0.753",,"52","50","70","4","4.640","1.300"20,"25","48","1.4","1.012","0.288",,"53","51","51","2.4","2.443","0.679"21,"25","48","1.5","1.082","0.301",,"54","54","50","3","3.040","0.845"22,"25","50","2","1.499","0.417",,"55","54","68","3","3.608","1.003"23,"25","50","2.5","1.851","0.515",,"56","64","50","5","5.781","1.607"24,"26","38","2.5","1.554","0.432",,"57","63","50","2","2.320","0.645"25,"27","70","2","1.920","0.534",,"58","70","37","2","2.100","0.584"26,"29","38","1.6","1.055","0.293",,"59","70","55","2","2.460","0.684"27,"29","58","2.5","2.180","0.606",,"60","74","66","6","8.080","2.246"28,"29","58","3.5","2.991","0.831",,"61","75","40","3","3.400","0.945"29,"30","40","1.5","1.040","0.289",,"62","80","50","2","2.560","0.712"30,"30","40","2","1.370","0.381",,"63","80","60","3","4.110","1.143"31,"30","45","3","2.150","0.597",,"64","83","50","3","3.953","1.099"32,"30","56","4","3.280","0.912",,"65","90","77","10","15.700","4.365"33,"30","68","6.5","6.100","1.696""热轧铜板""1,热轧铜板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽 度 (mm)",,,,,,,,"理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)","600~900","1000~1200","1300~1500","1600~1800","1900~2200","2300~2500","2600~2800","2900~3000","最 大 长 度 (mm)""5.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"44.50""5.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"48.95""6.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"53.40""6.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"57.85""7.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"62.30""7.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"66.75""8.0","4000","5000","6000","5500","4800","4200","3700","3500","71.20""9.0","4000","5000","6000","5000","4200","3700","3300","3100","80.10""10.0","4000","5000","5500","4500","3800","3300","3000","3000","89.0""11.0","4000","5000","5000","4000","3400","3300","2800",,"97.9""12.0","4000","5000","4500","3800","3100","2800",,,"106.8""13.0","4000","5000","4000","3600","2900",,,,"115.7""14.0","4000","4500","3800","3300","2700",,,,"124.6""15.0","4500","4300","3600","3100","2500",,,,"133.5""16.0","4500","4300","3400","2000","2400",,,,"142.4""17.0","4500","4000","3200","2700","2200",,,,"151.3""18.0","4500","3900","3000","2600",,,,,"160.2""19.0","4500","3700","2800","2400",,,,,"169.1""20.0","4500","3500","2600","2300",,,,,"178.0""21.0","4000","3300","2500","2200",,,,,"186.9""22.0","4000","3000","2400","2100",,,,,"195.8""23.0","4000","3000","2400","2000",,,,,"204.7""24.0","3500","2800","2200","1900",,,,,"213.6""25.0","3500","2800","2000","1800",,,,,"222.5""注 热轧板的宽度按100mm进级.""铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材(XC511)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积 (mm2)","理论重量 (kg/m)","H","B","b"1,"23","38","1.2","1.178","0.327"2,"26","34.5","3.5","3.157","0.875"3,"57","48","8","11.000","3.058"4,"68","38","2.5","3.509","0.976"5,"86","60","6","11.600","3.225""铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材(XC411)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"12.7","15.9","1.6","0.688","0.191",,11,"38","25","3","2.613","0.726"2,"20","15","1.2","0.578","0.163",,12,"44","25","4","3.690","1.001"3,"20","15","1.5","0.721","0.200",,13,"50","19","2.5","2.102","0.584"4,"25","18","1.5","0.885","0.246",,14,"80","30","3","4.020","1.118"5,"25","23","3.5","2.267","0.630",,15,"80","35","4","5.680","1.579"6,"31","25","2.5","1.900","0.528",,16,"80","40","4","6.080","1.690"7,"32","14","1.9","1.000","0.303",,17,"100","30","3","4.620","1.284"8,"34","25","3.5","2.764","0.768",,18,"100","35","4","6.480","1.801"9,"36","26","2.5","2.075","0.577",,19,"100","40","4","6.880","1.913"10,"36","31.5","3.2","2.960","0.823""铝及铝合金槽形型材""3,铝及铝合金槽形型材(XC311)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"13","13","1.6","0.561","0.156",,"31","45","40","3","3.638","1.011"2,"13","34","3.5","2.579","0.717",,"32","46","25","5","4.300","1.195"3,"20","15","1.3","0.620","0.172",,"33","50","20","4","5.331","0.926"4,"21","28","4","2.868","0.797",,"34","50","30","2","2.120","0.589"5,"25","13","2.4","1.134","0.315",,"35","50","30","4","4.131","1.148"6,"25","15","1.5","0.795","0.221",,"36","55","25","5","4.819","1.340"7,"25","18","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"37","55","30","3","3.299","0.917"8,"25","18","2","1.140","0.317",,"38","60","25","4","4.131","1.148"9,"25","20","2.5","1.520","0.423",,"39","60","35","5","6.000","1.668"10,"25","20","4","2.280","0.634",,"40","60","40","4","4.480","1.245"11,"25","25","5","3.250","0.904",,"41","63","38.3","4.8","6.275","1.744"12,"30","15","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"42","64","38","4","5.300","1.473"13,"30","18","1.5","0.960","0.267",,"43","70","25","3","3.449","0.959"14,"30","20","2","1.335","0.371",,"44","70","25","5","5.500","1.529"15,"30","22","6","3.870","1.076",,"45","70","26","3.2","3.700","1.028"16,"32","25","1.8","1.437","0.399",,"46","70","30","4","4.931","1.371"17,"32","25","2.5","1.925","0.535",,"47","70","40","5","7.080","1.968"18,"35","20","2.5","1.770","0.492",,"48","75","45","5","7.831","2.177"19,"35","30","2","1.833","0.510",,"49","80","30","4.5","6.010","1.671"20,"38","50","5","6.560","1.824",,"50","80","35","4.5","6.414","1.783"21,"40","18","2","1.453","0.404",,"51","80","35","6","8.280","2.302"22,"40","18","2.5","1.795","0.499",,"52","80","40","4","6.131","1.704"23,"40","18","3","2.129","0.592",,"53","80","40","6","8.900","2.474"24,"40","21","4","2.960","0.823",,"54","80","60","4","7.480","2.079"25,"40","25","2","1.730","0.481",,"55","90","50","6","10.680","2.969"26,"40","25","3","2.549","0.709",,"56","100","40","6","10.080","2.802"27,"40","30","3.5","3.250","0.904",,"57","100","48","6.3","11.550","3.211"28,"40","32","3","2.978","0.828",,"58","100","50","5","9.580","2.663"29,"40","50","4","5.280","1.468",,"59","128","40","9","17.100","4.754"30,"45","20","3","2.370","0.659""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管1""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","0.25","0.30","0.40","0.50","0.60","0.80","1.0","1.2",1.4,"1.5",1.6,1.8,"2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""50",,,,,,,"1.21","1.44","1.68","1.79","1.91","2.14","2.37","2.59","2.93","3.25","3.48","3.70","4.01","4.54","5.05","5.55""(51)",,,,,,,"1.23","1.47","1.71","1.83","1.96","2.18","2.42","2.64","2.99","3.32","3.55","3.79","4.10","4.64","5.16","5.67""53",,,,,,,"1.28","1.53","1.78","1.91","2.03","2.27","2.52","2.76","3.11","3.46","3.70","3.94","4.27","4.83","5.38","5.92""(54)",,,,,,,"1.31","1.59","1.82","1.94","2.07","2.31","2.56","2.81","3.18","3.53","3.77","4.02","4.36","4.93","5.49","6.04""56",,,,,,,"1.36","1.62","1.89","2.02","2.15","2.40","2.66","2.92","3.30","3.66","3.92","4.17","4.53","5.13","5.71","6.29""(57)",,,,,,,"1.38","1.65","1.92","2.05","2.18","2.45","2.71","2.97","3.36","3.74","4.00","4.25","4.62","5.23","5.83","6.41""60",,,,,,,"1.46","1.74","2.02","2.16","2.31","2.58","2.86","3.13","3.55","3.94","4.22","4.49","4.88","5.52","6.16","6.78""63",,,,,,,"1.53","1.83","2.13","2.27","2.42","2.71","3.01","3.30","3.72","4.15","4.44","4.73","5.13","5.81","6.49","7.14""65",,,,,,,"1.58","1.89","2.20","2.35","2.50","2.80","3.11","3.40","3.85","4.29","4.59","4.89","5.31","6.02","6.71","7.40""(68)",,,,,,,"1.65","1.98","2.36","2.46","2.62","2.93","3.26","3.57","4.04","4.49","4.81","5.12","5.57","6.31","7.05","7.77""70",,,,,,,"1.70","2.03","2.37","2.53","2.70","3.02","3.35","3.68","4.16","4.36","4.96","5.23","5.74","6.51","7.27","8.01""(73)",,,,,,,"1.78","2.12","2.47","2.64","2.82","3.16","3.50","3.84","4.35","4.84","5.18","5.52","6.00","6.81","7.60","8.38""75",,,,,,,"1.82","2.18","2.54","2.71","2.90","3.24","3.60","3.95","4.46","4.97","5.32","5.68","6.17","7.00","7.82","8.62""(76)",,,,,,,"1.85","2.21","2.57","2.76","2.94","3.29","3.65","4.00","4.53","5.05","5.40","5.75","6.26","7.10","7.93","8.75""80",,,,,,,,,"2.71","2.90","3.09","3.47","3.84","4.22","4.77","5.32","5.69","6.07","6.60","7.49","8.37","9.24""(83)",,,,,,,,,"2.82","3.02","3.21","3.60","4.00","4.37","4.96","5.52","5.92","6.31","6.86","7.79","8.71","9.62""85",,,,,,,,,"2.88","3.08","3.29","3.69","4.09","4.48","5.08","5.66","6.06","6.46","7.04","7.98","8.93","9.83""(89)",,,,,,,,,"3.02","3.24","3.45","3.86","4.29","4.70","5.33","5.94","6.36","6.77","7.38","8.38","9.38","10.33""90",,,,,,,,,"3.05","3.27","3.49","3.91","4.34","4.76","5.39","6.01","6.43","6.86","7.47","8.47","9.49","10.47""95",,,,,,,,,"3.21","3.46","3.68","4.13","4.59","5.02","5.70","6.36","6.81","7.26","7.90","8.98","10.04","11.10"100,,,,,,,,,"3.40","3.64","3.88","4.35","4.83","5.30","6.00","6.70","7.17","7.65","8.32","9.46","10.59","11.70""(102)",,,,,,,,,"3.46","3.73","3.97","4.45","4.93","5.40","6.13","6.84","7.32","7.81","8.50","9.67","10.82","11.96""(108)",,,,,,,,,"3.67","3.95","4.21","4.72","5.23","5.74","6.50","7.25","7.77","8.29","9.02","10.26","11.49","12.70"110,,,,,,,,,"3.74","4.03","4.28","4.81","5.32","5.84","6.62","7.39","7.92","8.43","9.19","10.46","11.70","12.93"120,,,,,,,,,,"4.36","4.66","5.25","5.83","6.38","7.24","8.07","8.66","9.22","10.06","11.44","12.93","14.30"125,,,,,,,,,,,,"5.46","6.06","6.64","7.54","8.42","9.02","9.61","10.50","11.91","13.37","14.80"130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"7.86","8.78","9.40","10.00","10.92","12.43","13.92","15.48""(133)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"8.05","8.98","9.59","10.25","11.18","12.75","14.26","15.75"140,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.11","10.79","11.80","13.42","15.05","16.65"150,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.85","11.52","12.65","14.39","16.11","17.85"160,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"13.53","15.38","17.25","19.09"170,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"14.31","16.31","18.35","20.30"180,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"15.20","17.30","19.50","21.59"190,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"18.29","20.60","22.80"200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"19.67","21.65","24.00""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管2""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","5.5","6.0","6.5","7.0","7.5","8.0","8.5","9","9.5","10",11,12,"钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""5""6""7""8""9""10","0.518","0.536","0.561""11","0.592","0.615","0.647""12","0.666","0.694","0.734","0.789""(13)","0.740","0.774","0.820","0.888""14","0.814","0.852","0.906","0.986""(15)","0.888","0.932","0.993","1.09","1.17","1.23""16","0.962","1.10","1.08","1.18","1.28","1.35""(17)","1.04","1.09","1.17","1.28","1.39","1.48""18","1.11","1.17","1.25","1.38","1.50","1.60""(19)","1.18","1.25","1.34","1.48","1.61","1.73","1.54","1.92""20","1.26","1.33","1.42","1.58","1.72","1.85","1.97","2.07""(21)","1.33","1.41","1.51","1.68","1.83","1.97","2.10","2.22""22","1.41","1.49","1.60","1.77","1.94","2.10","2.24","2.37""(23)","1.48","1.57","1.68","1.87","2.05","2.22","2.37","2.52""(24)","1.55","1.64","1.77","1.97","2.16","2.34","2.51","2.66","2.81","2.93""25","1.63","1.72","1.86","2.07","2.28","2.47","2.64","2.81","2.97","3.11""(27)","1.78","1.88","2.03","2.27","2.50","2.71","2.92","3.11","3.29","3.45""28","1.85","1.96","2.11","2.37","2.61","2.84","3.05","3.26","3.45","3.68""29","1.92","2.02","2.20","2.47","2.72","2.96","3.19","3.40","3.60","3.80","3.98""30","2.00","2.12","2.29","2.56","2.83","3.08","3.32","3.55","3.77","3.97","4.16","4.34""32","2.15","1.28","2.46","2.76","3.05","3.33","3.59","3.85","4.09","4.32","4.53","4.74""34","2.29","2.43","2.63","2.96","3.27","3.58","3.87","4.14","4.41","4.66","4.90","5.13""(35)","2.37","2.51","2.72","3.06","3.38","3.70","4.00","4.29","4.57","4.83","5.09","5.33""36","2.44","2.59","2.81","3.16","3.50","3.82","4.14","4.44","4.73","5.01","5.27","5.52""38","2.59","2.75","2.98","3.35","3.72","4.07","4.41","4.74","5.05","5.35","5.64","5.92","6.18","6.44""40","2.74","2.91","3.15","3.55","3.94","4.32","4.68","5.03","5.37","5.70","6.01","6.31","6.60","6.88""42","2.89","3.07","3.32","3.75","4.16","4.56","4.95","5.33","5.69","6.04","6.38","6.71","7.02","7.32""44.5","3.07","3.25","3.54","4.00","4.44","4.87","5.29","5.70","6.09","6.47","6.84","7.20","7.55","7.88""45","3.11","3.31","3.58","4.04","4.49","4.93","5.36","5.77","6.17","6.56","6.94","7.30","7.65","7.99","8.32","8.63""48","3.33","3.54","3.84","4.34","4.83","5.30","5.76","6.21","6.65","7.08","7.49","7.89","8.28","8.66","9.03","9.57""水,煤气输送钢管""1,水,煤气输送钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)234-63]""公称内径",,"钢 管 螺 纹",,"外径 (mm)","普通管",,"加厚管""mm","(in.)",,"壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)","壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)""6","1/8''","10","2","0.89","2.50","0.46""8","1/4''","13.5","2.25","0.62","2.75","0.73""10","3/8''","17","2.25","0.82","2.75","0.97""15","1/2''","21.25","2.75","1.25","3.25","1.44""20","3/4''","26.75","2.75","1.63","3.5","2.01""25","1''","33.5","3.25","2.42","4","2.91""32","1 1''/4","42.25","3.25","3.13","4","3.77""40","1 1''/2","48","3.5","3.84","4.25","4.58""50","2''","60","3.5","4.88","4.5","6.16""70","2 1''/2","75.5","3.75","6.64","4.5","7.88""80","3''","88.5","4","8.34","4.75","9.81""100","4''","114","4","10.85","5","13.44""125","5''","140","4.5","15.04","5.5","18.24""150","6''","165","4.5","17.81","5.5","21.63""注(1)表列钢管是适用于输送水,煤气及采暖系统等用的钢管.分镀锌和不镀锌(黑管)两种;又分带螺纹和"" 不带螺纹两种;按壁厚可分为普通钢管,加厚钢管和薄壁钢管."" (2)钢管的长度规定为:无螺纹的黑管4~12m;带螺纹的黑管和镀锌管4~9m.每批允许有10%的(按根数计算)"" 2~4m长的短尺钢管或4~9m米长的接管(即用一个管接头将两根钢管连接而成)."" (3)经供需双方协议,可供应定尺长度或倍尺长度的钢管.其最大长度可到8m.按倍尺交货的钢管,每个单"" 倍尺应留切口5~10mm."" (4)钢管用易焊接的软钢制造,钢号和制造方法(炉焊或电焊)均由制造厂选择."" (5)钢管应能承受下列规定压力的水压试验:普通钢管和薄壁钢管:20kg/cm2;加厚钢管30kg/cm2.""电丝套管""2,电丝套管规格,重量表""名称","外径 (mm)","近似内径 (mm)","管壁厚度 (mm)","重量 (kg/m)","每吨长度 (m/t)""5/8''","15.9","12.3","1.8","0.626","1597.44""3/4''","19.1","15.5","1.8","0.627","1302.08""1''","25.4","21.8","1.8","0.628","954.20""1 1''/4","31.8","28.2","1.8","0.629","750.75""1 1''/2","38.1","34.5","1.8","0.630","620.73""电焊钢管""电焊钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)242-68]""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)",0.5,0.6,0.8,"1.0","1.2","1.4","1.5","1.6","1.8","2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","3.8","4.0",4.2,4.5,4.8,"5.0",5.5,"钢 管 的 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""(5)","0.055","0.065","0.083","0.099""(6)","0.068","0.080","0.108","0.123""(7)","0.080","0.095","0.122","0.148""(8)","0.092","0.110","0.142","0.173","(0.202)""(9)","0.105","0.125","0.162","0.197","0.231""10","0.117","0.139","0.182","0.222","(0.261)""(11)","0.129","0.154","0.201","0.247","0.290""12","0.142","0.169","0.221","0.271","0.320","0.365","(0.388)","0.411""(13)",,"0.184","0.241","0.296","0.349","0.400","0.425","0.451""(14)",,"0.199","0.260","0.321","0.379","0.434","0.462","0.490""15",,"0.214","0.280","0.345","0.409","0.468","(0.499)","0.529""16",,"0.228","0.300","0.370","0.438","0.503","(0.536)","0.568""(17)",,"0.244","0.320","0.395","0.468","0.537","0.573","0.608""18",,"0.258","0.340","0.419","0.497","0..572","(0.610)","0.647","(0.717)","(0.789)""(19)",,"0.274","0.359","0.444","0.527","0

镀铝锌钢板

2017-06-06 17:50:03

镀铝锌钢板镀铝锌钢板是日常生活中经常应用到的一种重要的合金材料。镀铝锌钢板是铝锌合金结构组成,由55%铝、43%锌与2%硅在600℃高温下凝固而组成,其整个结构由铝-铁-硅-锌,形成致密的四元结晶体的一种合金。镀铝锌钢板发展沿革  1965年 伯利恒( BIEC International Inc)开发及注册专利   1972年 美国伯利恒钢铁 最初 商业生产   相关适用标准:ASTM A792/M ; JIS G3321; BS EN 10215-1995; GB/T 14978-2008镀铝锌钢板特性  镀铝锌钢板具有不少优良的特性:耐腐蚀性:  “镀铝锌钢卷”的耐腐蚀性主要是因为铝,铝的保护功能。当锌受到磨损时,铝便形成一层致密的氧化铝,阻止耐腐蚀性物质进一步的腐蚀内部。耐热性:  铝锌合金钢板具有良好的耐热性,可以承受300多摄食度的高温,与镀铝钢板的抗高温氧化性很类似,经常应用于   烟囱管,烤箱、照明器器和日光灯罩。热反射性:  镀铝锌钢板的热反射率很高,是镀锌钢板的两倍 ,人们经常用它来作隔热的材料。经济性:  因为55%AL-Zn的密度比Zn的密度小,所以在重量相同和镀金层厚度相同的情况下, 镀铝锌钢板比镀钢板的面积大3%以上。镀铝锌钢板的应用用途  建筑:屋顶、墙壁、车库、隔音墙、管道和组合式房屋等   汽车:消声器、排气管、雨刷附件、燃料箱、货车箱 等   家电:冰箱背板、煤气炉、空调机、电子微波炉、LCD边框、CRT防爆带、LED背光源、电气柜等   农用:猪舍、鸡舍、粮仓、温室用管道等   其它:断热保温盖、热交换器、干燥器、温水器等使用注意事项  保管:应该库房等室内保管,保持干燥通风,勿在酸性气候中久置。室外保管时需防止淋雨,避免结露造成氧化色斑产生。   运输:避免外部撞击,运输工具上需用SKID承托钢卷,减少堆垛,做好防雨措施。   加工:COILCENTER剪切加工时,需使用铝板相同润滑油。需钻孔或切割镀铝锌钢板时,需及时清除散落的铁屑。镀铝锌钢板常用后处理  DRY 干燥   OIL 涂油   Chromate 铬酸钝化   AFP/Galva clean 耐指纹   Non-Gr,Gr-free 无镉耐指纹        以上是镀铝锌钢板的介绍,更多信息请详见上海 有色金属 网。 

锰钢板价格

2017-06-06 17:49:52

锰钢板价格,价格行情相对比较稳定,小编带你先来了解一下锰钢的定义和用途。锰钢是一种高强度的钢材,主要用于需要承受冲击、挤压、物料磨损等恶劣工况条件。最重要的特点是在强烈的冲击、挤压条件下,表层迅速发生加工硬化现象,使其在心部仍保持奥氏体良好的韧性和塑性的同时硬化层具有良好的耐磨性能。这是其它材料所不及的。铸造耐磨钢和抗磨钢以奥氏体锰钢为主,在一定的条件下经适当热处理的低合金钢也有很好的效果,石墨钢则用于润滑摩擦的工况条件。  耐磨高锰钢特别适用于冲击磨料磨损和高应力碾碎磨料磨损工况,常用于制造球磨机衬板,锤式破碎机锤头,颚式破碎机颚板,圆锥破碎机轧臼壁、破碎壁,挖掘机斗齿、斗壁,铁道道岔,拖拉机和坦克的履带板等抗冲击、抗磨损的铸件。高锰钢还用于:防弹钢板,保险箱钢板等。焊缝金属含Mn、Cr、Ni等合金,焊缝金属无磁性。耐蚀性、强韧性极好、抗高温及加工硬化等特点。焊接工艺好,交直流两用。直流施焊为佳,可焊接各种合金钢如弹簧钢、高锰钢、42CrMo、38CrMoAl螺杆、铸钢齿轮及双相不锈钢(2205)等。还可用于异种钢焊接。焊前焊条200℃烘焙1h,焊接时宜小电流施焊.注意通风.65Mn钢具有较高的硬度,淬透性好,脱碳倾向少,价格低廉,切削性好等优点,但它有过热敏感性,易产生淬火裂纹,并有回火脆性,65Mn钢用途广泛,主要生产成钢丝,钢带、用于制造各种截面较少的扁,圆弹簧,板簧和弹簧片等。65Mn钢在汽车业,电子业,火车等交通运输工具用量很大。它可制造圆锯片,用以高速切削各类型钢,钢管和钢筋。该材料的用途:该钢可以冷轧成钢板、钢带和钢丝,制作弹簧。65Mn也可以制作成如钳工的凿子、划针等工具。65Mn钢可制作一般截面尺寸为8~15mm左右的小型弹簧如各种小尺寸扁、圆弹簧,底垫弹簧、弹簧发条,也适于制作弹簧环、气门簧、离合器簧片、刹车弹簧等。65Mnj是制作各种板弹簧,丝弹簧的材料之一,汽车、电车、火车等交通运输工具用量很大;在仪表、家具,乃至儿童玩具等制造中也得到广泛应用。更多关于锰钢板价格的信息和资讯,请访问本站锰频道!

玻璃丝棉、硅酸铝棉、玻璃纤维棉三者的区别

2018-12-29 09:42:51

玻璃纤维棉产品是雪白色、棉丝直径很微细,是很柔软的保温隔音产品,手感如同摸棉花的感觉,根本不会出现扎手的感觉。主要用于高精细的管道保温、设备保温隔音、电子产品保温等。   玻璃丝棉产品是黄色、棉直径相对粗,是普通的保温隔音产品,手触摸会出现轻微的扎手感觉,质量越好的玻璃丝棉产品,扎手的感觉越小。主要用于钢结构保温、幕墙保温、建筑隔音、普通管道保温等。   硅酸铝棉是雪白色和白色两种颜色,也叫陶瓷纤维;是高级的耐火产品,手触摸会出现明显的扎手感觉,棉的纤维长度较短,密度都比较大。主要用于高温隔热行业。   以上三种产品从颜色、手感两项上就能轻易分辩。

不锈钢板规格

2019-03-18 08:36:58

不锈钢平板详细资料产品规格产品材质 价格产地供货0.4*1000*2000/1219*24383040Cr18Ni9304L00Cr18Ni93211Cr18Ni9Ti3160Cr17Ni14Mo2316L00Cr17Ni14Mo2310S0Cr25Ni20 商 议张 浦宝 新太 钢青 浦克虏伯芬 兰比利时南 非 不锈钢板规格0.5*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格0.6*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格0.7*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格0.8*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格0.9*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格1.0*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格1.2*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格1.5*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格2.0*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格2.5*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格3.0*1000*2000/1219*2438商 议不锈钢板规格以上规格可根据客户需求长度剪裁(特尺板)Cr板(不锈铁)现货供应不锈钢卷板详细资料规格 材质 价格 产 地 供货0.4*1000/1219*C 3040Cr18Ni9  304L00Cr18Ni9  3211Cr18Ni9Ti  3160Cr17Ni14Mo2  316L00Cr17Ni14Mo2  310S0Cr25Ni20 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格0.5*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格0.6*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格0.7*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格0.8*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格1.0*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格1.2*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格1.5*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格2.0*1000/1219*CO 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格2.5*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格3.0*1000/1219*C 商议 张浦/宝新/太钢 不锈钢板规格不锈钢中厚板详细资料304 (0Cr18Ni9)规格 产地 价格 规格 产地 价格3.0*1500*6000 台湾/韩国 商议 22*1500*6000 大庚 商议4.0*1500*6000 台湾/韩国 商议 25*1500*6000 大庚 商议5.0*1500*6000 台湾/韩国 商议 26*1500*6000 大庚 商议6.0*1500*6000 台湾/韩国 商议 28*1500*6000 大庚 商议8.0*1500*6000 韩国/大庚 商议 30*1500*6000 大庚/美国 商议10*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议 32*1500*6000 大庚 商议12*1500*6000 大庚/美国 商议 35*1500*6000 大庚 商议14*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议 40*1500*6000 台湾 商议16*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议 45*1500*6000 台湾 商议18*1500/2000*6000 大庚/太钢 商议 50~60*1500*6000 台湾 商议20*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议 60~80*1500*6000 台湾 商议304L (00Cr18Ni9)规 格 产 地 价格 规 格 产 地 价格3.0*1500*6000 芬兰 商议 22*1500*6000 台湾 商议4.0*1500*6000 芬兰/瑞典 商议 24*1500*6000 台湾 商议5~6*1500*6000 芬兰/瑞典 商议 25*1500*6000 台湾 商议8.0*1500*6000 芬兰/大庚 商议 28*1500*6000 台湾 商议10~12*1500*6000 大庚/瑞典 商议 30~35*1500*6000 台湾 商议14*1500*6000 大庚/台湾 商议 40~45*1500*6000 台湾 商议16~18*1500*6000 大庚/台湾 商议 50~60*1500*6000 台湾 商议20*1500*6000 大庚/台湾 商议 60~80*1500*6000 台湾 商议321 (1Cr18Ni9Ti)规格 产地 价格 规格 产地 价格3.0*1500*6000 芬兰/瑞典 商议 16*1500*6000 美国/大庚 商议4.0*1500*6000 芬兰/瑞典 商议 18~20*1500*6000 美国/大庚 商议5.0*1500*6000 芬兰/瑞典 商议 20~24*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议6.0*1500*6000 芬兰/大庚 商议 25~28*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议8.0*1500*6000 芬兰/大庚 商议 30~32*1500*6000 太钢 商议10*1500*6000/C 美国/大庚 商议 35~50*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议12*1500*6000/C 美国/大庚 商议 50~60*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议14*1500*6000 大庚/太钢 商议 60~80*1500*6000 太钢 商议316L(00Cr17Ni14Mo2)规 格产 地价格 规 格产 地价格3.0*1500*6000欧洲商议16*1500*6000南非/大庚商议4.0*1500*6000瑞典/韩国商议18*1500*6000南非/大庚商议5.0*1500*6000欧洲/韩国商议20~24*1500*6000南非/大庚商议6.0*1500*6000欧洲/韩国商议25~28*1500*6000南非商议8.0*1500*6000欧洲/大庚商议30~32*1500*6000南非商议10*1500*6000欧洲/大庚商议35~50*1500*6000南非/大庚商议12*1500*6000美国/大庚商议50~60*1500*6000南非商议14*1500*6000大庚/南非商议60~80*1500*6000南非商议310S(0Cr25Ni20)规 格 产 地 价格 规 格 产 地 价格3.0*1500*6000 欧洲 商议 16*1500*6000 南非/大庚 商议4.0*1500*6000 瑞典/韩国 商议 18*1500*6000 南非/大庚 商议5.0*1500*6000 欧洲/韩国 商议 20~24*1500*6000 南非/大庚 商议6.0*1500*6000 欧洲/韩国 商议 25~28*1500*6000 南非 商议8.0*1500*6000 欧洲/大庚 商议 30~32*1500*6000 南非 商议10*1500*6000 欧洲/大庚 商议 35~50*1500*6000 南非/大庚 商议12*1500*6000 美国/大庚 商议 50~60*1500*6000 南非 商议14*1500*6000 大庚/南非 商议 60~80*1500*6000 南非 商议不锈钢拉丝板详细资料产品规格 产品材质 价格 产地供货0.5*1000*2000/1219*24383040Cr18Ni9304L00Cr18Ni93211Cr18Ni9T3160Cr17Ni14Mo2316L00Cr17Ni14Mo2310S0Cr25Ni20 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.6*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.7*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.8*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.9*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格1.0*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格1.2*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格1.5*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格2.0*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格2.5*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格3.0*1000*2000/1219*2438 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.5*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.6*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.7*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.8*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格0.9*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格1.0*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格1.2*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格1.5*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格2.0*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格2.5*1219*3048 商 议 张浦/太钢/宝新 不锈钢板规格 不锈钢镜面(8k)板详细资料产品规格产品材质 产地 价格 供货0.5*1219*2438202(1Cr18mn8Ni5N) 304(0Cr18Ni9)   克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.6*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.7*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.8*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.9*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格1.0*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格1.2*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格1.5*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格2.0*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格2.5*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格3.0*1219*2438 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.5*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.6*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.7*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.8*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格0.9*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格1.0*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格1.2*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格1.5*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格2.0*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格2.5*1219*3048 克虏伯/太钢/宝新 商 议 不锈钢板规格不锈钢钢带详细资料产品规格产品材质 产地 价格 供货(0.10-2.5)×(9-250) 1Cr17Ni7 1Cr18Ni9 0Cr18Ni9 1Cr18Ni9Ti 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 上海 商议 不锈钢板规格(0.10-2.5)×(9-250) 上海 商议 不锈钢板规格(0.10-2.5)×(9-250) 上海 商议 不锈钢板规格(0.10-2.5)×(9-250) 上海 商议 不锈钢板规格(0.10-2.5)×(9-250) 上海 商议 不锈钢板规格不锈钢防滑板详细资料产品规格产品材质 价格 产地 供货2.0*1219*2438304 0Cr18Ni9321 1Cr18Ni9Ti316L 0Cr17Ni14Mo2   商 议 进口/国产 不锈钢板规格3.0*1219*2438 商 议 进口/国产 不锈钢板规格4.0*1219*2438 商 议 进口/国产 不锈钢板规格