钢是含碳量在0.04%~2.3%之间的铁碳合金。为了保证其韧性和塑性，含碳量一般不超过1.7%。钢的主要元素除铁、碳外，还有硅、锰、硫、磷等。钢的分类方法多种多样，其主要方法有如下七种： 1.按品质分类 (1)普通钢（P≤0.045%，S≤0.050%） (2)优钢材质钢（P、S均≤0.035%） (3)高级优质钢（P≤0.035%，S≤0.030%） 2.按化学成份分类 (1)碳素钢：a.低碳钢（C≤0.25%）；b.中碳钢（C≤0.25~0.60%）；c.高碳钢（C≤0.60%）。 (2)合金钢：a.低合金钢（合金元素总含量≤5%）；b.中合金钢（合金元素总含量为5~10%）；c.高合金钢（合金元素总含量＞10%）。 弹簧钢冲压3.钢材按成形方法分类：(1)锻钢；(2)铸钢；(3)热轧钢；(4)冷拉钢。 4.钢材按金相组织分类 (1)退火状态的：a.亚共析钢（铁素体+珠光体）；b.共析钢（珠光体）；c.过共钢材析钢（珠光体+渗碳体）；d.莱氏体钢（珠光体+渗碳体）。 (2)正火状态的：a.珠光体钢；b.贝氏体钢；c.马氏体钢；d.奥氏体钢。 (3)钢材无相变或部分发生相变的 5.按用途分类 (1)建筑及工程用钢：a.普通碳素结构钢；b.低合金结构钢；c.钢筋钢。 (2)结构钢：a.机械制造用钢：(a)优质结构钢 (b)表面硬化结构钢：包括渗碳钢、渗钢、表面淬火用钢 (c)易切结构钢 (d)冷塑性成形用钢：包括冷冲压用钢、冷镦用钢； b.弹簧钢；c.轴承钢。 (3)工具钢：a.碳素工具钢；b.合金工具钢；c.高速工具钢。 (4)特殊性能钢：a.不锈耐酸钢；b.耐热钢：包括抗氧化钢、热强钢、气阀钢；c.电热合金钢；d.耐磨钢；e.低温用钢；f.电工用钢。 (5)专业用钢——如桥梁用钢、船舶用钢、锅炉用钢、压力容器用钢、农机用钢等。 6.综合分类 (1)普通钢 a.碳素结构钢：(a)Q195 (b)Q215(A、B) (c)Q235(A、B、C) (d)Q255(A、B) (e) Q275；b.低合金结构钢；c.特定用途的普通结构钢。 (2)优质钢（包括高级优质钢）：a.结构钢：(a)优质碳素结构钢 (b)合金结构钢 (c)弹簧钢 (d)易切钢 (e)轴承钢 (f)特定用途优质结构钢；b.工具钢：(a)碳素工具钢 (b)合金工具钢 (c)高速工具钢；c.特殊性能钢：(a)不锈耐酸钢 (b)耐热钢 (c)电热合金钢 (d)电工用钢 (e)高锰耐磨钢。 7.按冶炼方法分类 (1)按炉种分：a.平炉钢：(a)酸性平炉钢 (b)碱性平炉钢；b.转炉钢：(a)酸性转炉钢 (b)碱性转炉钢[或(a)底吹转炉钢 (b)侧吹转炉钢 (c)顶吹转炉钢]；c.电炉钢：(a)电弧炉钢 (b)电渣炉钢 (c)感应炉钢 (d)真空自耗炉钢 (e)电子束炉钢。 (2)钢材按脱氧程度和浇注温度分：a.沸腾钢；b.半镇静钢；c.镇静钢；d.特殊镇静钢。 钢铁炼成分: 1. ----采矿（获得铁矿石） 2. ----选矿（将铁矿石破碎、磁选成铁精粉） 3. ---烧结（将铁精粉烧结成具有一定强度、粒度的烧结矿） 4. ---冶炼（将烧结矿运送至高炉，热风、焦碳使烧结矿还原成铁水，并脱硫） 5. ---炼钢（在转炉内高压氧气将铁水脱磷、去除夹杂，变成钢水） 6. ---精练（进一步脱磷、去除夹杂，提高纯净度） 7. ---连铸（热状态下将钢水铸成具有一定形状的连铸坯） 8. ---轧钢（将连铸坯轧制成用户要求的各种型号的钢材，如板材、线材、管材等）。

弹簧钢的特点—弹簧主要在动载荷下工作,即在冲击、振动的条件下,或在交变应力作用下工作,利用弹性变形来吸收冲击能量,起缓冲作用。由于弹簧经常承受振动和长期在享变应力作用下工作,主要是疲劳破坏,故弹簧钢必须具有高的弹性极限和高疲劳极限。此外,还应有足够的韧性和塑性,以防止在冲击力作用下突然脆断。在工艺性论方面,弹簧钢应具有较好的淬透性和低的过热、脱碳敏感性。降低弹簧表面粗糙度能提高疲劳寿命。为了获得所需的性能,必须具有较高的含碳量。弹簧钢碳素弹簧钢的含碳量在0.6-0.9％之间,由于碳素弹簧钢的淬透性差,故只用于制造截面尺寸不超过10-15mm的弹簧。对于截面尺寸较大的弹簧,必须采用合金弹簧钢。合金弹簧钢碳含量在0.45-0.75％之间,加入的合金元素有Mn ,Si ,W ,V ,Mo等。它们的主要作用是提高淬透性和回火稳定性,强化铁素体和细化晶粒,有效地改善弹簧钢的力学性能,其中Cr ,W ,Mo还能提高钢的高温强度。   在热状态下成型的弹簧(直径或厚度一般在10mm以上)            在冷状态下成型的弹簧(直径或厚度一般在10mm以下)           热成型弹簧的热处理工艺--用这种方法成型弹簧多数是将热成型和热处理结合在一起进行的,而螺旋弹簧则大多数是在热成型后再进行热处理。这种弹簧钢的热处理方式是淬火+中温回火,热处理后组织为回火托氏体。这种组织的弹性极限和屈服极限高,并有一定的韧性。     弹簧钢热处理     冷成型弹簧的热处理工艺--对于用冷轧钢板、钢带或冷拉钢丝制成的弹簧,由于冷塑性变形使材料强化,己达到弹簧所要求的性能。故弹簧成型后只需在250C左右范围内,保温30min左右的去应力处理,以消除冷成型弹簧的门应力,并使弹簧定型即可。  耐热弹簧钢的热处理--内燃机的气阀弹簧是在较高温度下工作,有的还存在腐蚀性气氛,因此必须选用特殊的弹簧钢和合适的热处理规范。       弹簧淬火时常见的缺陷及防止措施     (1)脱碳(降低使用寿命)--1、采用盐浴炉或拄制气氛加热炉加热。2、采用快速加热工艺。     (2)淬火后硬度不足,非马氏体数量较多,心部出现铁素体(产全残余变形,降低使用寿命)--1、选用淬透性较好的材料。2、改善淬火冷却剂的冷却能力。3、弹簧进入冷却剂的温度应控制在Ar3以上。4、适当提高淬火加热温度。

冷轧是在室温条件下将钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最小厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，大部份工厂如保定普瑞钢材冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和 市场 需求而决定。冷轧的优缺点：优点：成型速度快、 产量 高，且不损伤涂层，可以做成多种多样的截面形式，以适应使用条件的需要；冷轧可以使钢材产生很大的塑性变形，从而提高了钢材的屈服点。缺点: 1.虽然成型过程中没有经过热态塑性压缩，但截面内仍然存在残余应力，对钢材整体和局部屈曲的特性必然产生影响；2.冷轧型钢样式一般为开口截面，使得截面的自由扭转刚度较低。在受弯时容易出现扭转，受压时容易出现弯扭屈曲，抗扭性能较差；3.冷轧成型钢壁厚较小，在板件衔接的转角处又没有加厚，承受局部性的集中荷载的能力弱。镀锌是在装有镀件、玻璃球、锌粉、水和促进剂的旋转滚桶内，作为冲击介质的玻璃球随着滚桶转动，与镀件表面发生摩擦和锤击产生机械物理能量，在化学促进剂的作用下，将镀涂的锌粉“冷焊”到镀件表面上，形成光滑、均匀和细致的具有一定厚度的镀层。镀锌分为热镀锌和电镀锌两种。热镀锌也叫热浸镀锌和热浸锌，是一种有效的 金属 防腐方式，主要用于各 行业 的 金属 结构设施上。是将除锈后的钢件浸入500℃左右融化的锌液中，使钢构件表面附着锌层，从而起到防腐的目的。电镀锌，是利用电解设备将管件经过除油、酸洗、后放入成分为锌盐的溶液中，并连接电解设备的负极，在管件的对面放置锌版，连接在电解设备的正极接通电源，利用电流从正极向负极的定向移动就会在管件上沉积一层锌，冷镀管件是先加工后镀锌。

冷轧：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在6~13.5吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。内径为610mm。产品特点因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。简单来说，冷轧，是在热软板扎的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧→酸洗→冷轧这样的加工过程。冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。由热轧经过连续冷变形而成的冷轧，机械性能比较差，硬度太高，必须经过退火才能恢复其机械性能，没有退火的叫轧硬卷。轧硬卷一般是用来做无需折弯，拉伸的产品，1.0以下厚度轧硬的运气好的两边或者四边折弯。化学成分（Wt%）牌号CSiMnPSCuSPCC0.02～0.08≤0.100.15～0.30≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050Q1950.06～0.12≤0.300.25～0.50≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050Q235-B0.12～0.20≤0.300.30～0.70≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050制作工序冷轧通常采用众轧的方式。冷轧生产的工序一般包括原料准备、酸洗、轧制、脱脂、退火(热处理)、精整等。冷轧以热轧产品为原料，冷轧前原料要先除磷，以保证冷轧产品的表面洁净。轧制是使材料变形的主要工序。脱脂的目的在于去除轧制时附在轧材上的润滑油脂，以免退火时污染钢材表面，对不锈钢也为防止增碳。退火包括中间退火和成品热处理，中间退火是通过再结晶消除冷变形时产生的加工硬化，以恢复材料的塑性及降低金属的变形抗力。成品热处理的目的除了通过再结晶消除硬化外。还在于根据产品的技术要求以获得所需要的组织(如各种织构等)和产品性能(如深冲、电磁性能等)。精整包括检查、剪切、矫直(平整)、打印、分类包装等内容。冷轧产品有很高的包装要求，以防止产品在运输过程中表面被刮伤。除上述工序外在生产一些特殊产品时还有各自的特殊工序。如轧制硅钢板时，在冷轧前要进行脱碳退火，轧后要进行涂膜、高温退火、拉伸矫直(见张力矫直)与回火等。用于冷轧带刚的轧机有二辊轧机、四辊轧机和多辊轧机。应用最多的是四辊轧机。轧制更薄的产品则要采用多辊轧机。多辊轧机的种类很多，如六辊轧机、偏八辊轧机，十二辊轧机，二十辊轧机等(见轧机)。随着对板形要求的提高，发展了许多改进板形的技术，如弯辊技术、窜辊技术和交叉轧辊技术等。冷轧带钢轧机按机架排列可分为单机可逆或不可逆式与多机连续式两类。前者适用于多品种、少批量或合金钢产品比例大的情况。它投资低、建厂快，但产量低，金属消耗较大。多机架连续轧制适合于产品品种较单一或者变动不大的情况，它有生产效率高、产量大的优点，但投资较大。与热轧带钢(见热连轧宽带钢生产工艺、热轧窄带钢生产)相比，冷轧带钢(见冷板扎带生产)的轧制工艺有以下特点：(1)采用工艺润滑和冷却，以降低轧制时的变形抗力和冷却轧辊；(2)采用大张力轧制，以降低变形抗力和保持轧制过程的稳定。采用的平均单位张力值为材料屈服强度的10%～60%，一般不超过50%；(3)采用多轧程轧制。由于冷轧使材料产生加工硬化，当总变形量达到60%～80%时，继续变形就变得很困难。为此要进行中间退火，使材料软化后轧制得以继续进行。为了得到要求的薄带钢，这样的中间退火可能要进行多次。两次中间退火之间的轧制称为一个轧程。冷轧带钢的退火在有保护气体的连续式退火炉或罩式退火炉中进行(见冷轧板带退火)。冷轧带钢的最小厚度目前可达到0.05mm，冷轧箔材可达到0.001mm。

镀锌钢带——钢带(steel-belt) 　　以碳钢制成的输送带作为带式输送机的牵引和运载构件。 　　钢带的特性分类 　　钢带是 产量 大、用途广、品种多的钢材。按加工方法分为热轧钢带和冷轧钢带；按厚度分为薄钢带（厚度不大于4mm）和厚钢带（厚度大于4mm）；按宽度分为宽钢带（宽度大于600mm）和窄钢带（宽度不大于600mm）；窄钢带又分为直接轧制窄钢带和由宽钢带纵剪窄钢带；按表面状态分为原轧制表面和镀（涂）层表面钢带；按用途分为通用和专用（如船体、桥梁、油桶、焊管、包装、自生车等）钢带。 　　钢带是各类轧钢企业为了适应不同工业部门工业化生产各类 金属 或机械产品的需要而生产的一种窄而长的钢板。钢带又称带钢，是宽度在1300mm以内，长度根据每卷的大小略有不同。带钢一般成卷供应，具有尺寸精度高、表面质量好、便于加工、节省材料等优点。同钢板相同，钢带按所用材质分为普通带钢和优质带钢两类；按加工方法分热轧钢带、冷轧带钢带两种。

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板，俗称冷板。　　冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。 　　一般来说，冷轧钢板分为三代产品：沸腾钢为第一代，铝镇静钢为第二代，无间隙原子刚（IF钢）为第三代。   您查询的关键词是：冷轧钢板  。如果打开速度慢，可以尝试快速版；如果想保存快照，可以添加到搜藏。 "冷轧钢板""2,冷轧钢板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.56",,"2.5","6000x1200 7000x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","22.25""0.45",,"4.01",,"2.75",,"24.48""0.5",,"4.45",,"3.0",,"26.70""0.6",,"5.34",,"3.5",,"31.50""0.7",,"6.23",,"4.0",,"35.60""0.8",,"7.12",,"4.5",,"40.05""0.9",,"8.01",,"5.0",,"44.50""1.0",,"8.90",,"5.5",,"48.95""1.1",,"9.79",,"6.0",,"53.40""1.2",,"10.68",,"6.5",,"57.85""1.35",,"12.02",,"7.0",,"62.30""1.5",,"13.35",,"7.5",,"66.75""1.65",,"14.60",,"8.0",,"71.20""1.8",,"16.02",,"9.0",,"80.10""2.0",,"17.80",,"10.0",,"89.00""2.25",,"20.03""冷轧铜条""2,冷轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.20","200~400","500~800","1.78",,"2.50","200~500","500~2000","22.25""0.25",,,"2.23",,"2.75",,,"24.48""0.30",,,"2.67",,"3.00",,"1000~2000","26.70""0.35",,,"3.12",,"3.50",,,"31.15""0.40","200~500","500~2000","3.56",,"4.00",,,"35.60""0.45",,,"4.01",,"4.50",,,"40.05""0.50",,,"4.45",,"5.00",,,"44.50""0.60",,,"5.34",,"5.50",,,"48.95""0.70",,,"6.23",,"6.00",,,"53.40""0.80",,,"7.12",,"6.50",,,"57.85""0.90",,,"8.01",,"7.00",,,"62.30""1.00",,,"8.90",,"8.00",,,"71.20""1.20",,,"10.68",,"9.00",,,"80.10""1.30",,,"11.57",,"10.00",,,"89.00""1.40",,,"12.46",,"11.00",,,"97.90""1.50",,,"13.35",,"12.00",,,"106.8""1.60",,,"14.69",,"13.00",,,"115.7""1.80",,,"16.02",,"14.00",,,"124.6""2.00",,,"17.80",,"15.00",,,"133.5""注 铜板和条(热轧,冷轧)的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4和TU和TUP,其化学成分应符合YB145-71规定""特殊用冷轧黄铜条""3,特殊用冷轧黄铜条(YB555-65)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)""0.20","200~300","500~1000","1.76",,"1.6","200~500","500~2000","14.08""0.25",,,"2.20",,"1.8",,,"15.84""0.30","200~400",,"2.64",,"2.0",,,"17.60""0.35",,,"3.08",,"2.5",,,"22.00""0.40","200~500",,"3.52",,"2.75",,,"24.20""0.45",,,"3.96",,"3.0",,,"26.40""0.50",,"500~2000","4.40",,"3.5",,,"30.80""0.55",,,"4.84",,"4.0",,,"35.20""0.60",,,"5.28",,"4.5",,,"39.60""0.70",,,"6.16",,"5.0",,,"44.00""0.80",,,"7.04",,"5.5",,,"48.40""0.90",,,"7.92",,"6.0",,,"52.80""1.0",,,"8.8",,"6.5",,,"57.20""1.2",,,"10.56",,"7.0",,,"61.60""1.3",,,"11.44",,"8.0",,,"70.40""1.4",,,"12.32",,"9.0",,,"79.20""1.5",,,"13.20",,"10.0",,,"88.00""注 (1)标记举例:用H80制成的,厚度为0.8mm,宽度为300mm,长度为1000mm的1/2硬条标记为:"" 条H80-Y20.8x300x1000YB555-65."" (2)冷轧条分为定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.""多面体的体积和表面积""多面体的体积和表面积""图形",,"尺寸符号",,"重心(G)""立方体",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方体∧棱柱∨",,,,"G0=h/2""三棱柱",,,,"Go=h/2""棱锥",,,,"Go=h/4""棱台""圆柱和空心圆柱∧管∨",,,,"Go=h/2""斜线直圆柱""直圆锥",,,,"Go=h/4""圆台""球",,,,"在球心上""球扇形∧球楔∨",,,,"Go=3/4(r-h/2)""球缺",,,,"Go=3(2r-h)2/4(3r-h)""圆环体∧胎∨",,,,"在环中心上""球带体",,,,"Go=h1+h/2""桶形",,,,"在轴交点上""椭球体",," a,b,c-半轴",,"在轴交点上""交叉圆柱体",,,,"在二轴交点上""梯形体""常用图形求面积,体积公式""常用图形求面积,体积公式""图形",,"尺寸符号","面积(F) 表面积(S)","重心(G)""正方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""三角形",,,,"GB=1/3BD CD=DA""平行四边形",,,,"对角线交点上""任意四边形""正多边形",,,,"在o点上""菱形",,,,"在对角线交点上""梯形""圆形",,,,"在圆心上""椭圆形",,"a·b-主轴","F= (π/4) a·b","在主轴交点G上""扇形""弓形""圆环",,,,"在圆心O""部分圆环""新月形",,,,"O1G=(π-P)L/2P","L d/10","2d/10 3d/10 4d/10","5d/10 6d/10 7d/10 ","8d/10 9d/10","P 0.40","0.79 1.18 1.56","1.91 2.25 2.55","2.81 3.02""抛物线形""等多边形",,," "," 在内,外接圆心处""冷轧黄钢板""4,冷轧黄钢板(YB460-71)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)""0.20","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","1.70",,"2.00","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","17.00""0.25",,"2.13",,"2.25",,"19.13""0.30",,"2.55",,"2.50",,"21.25""0.35",,"2.98",,"2.75",,"23.38""0.40",,"3.40",,"3.00",,"25.50""0.45",,"3.82",,"3.50",,"29.75""0.50",,"4.25",,"4.00",,"34.00""0.60",,"5.10",,"4.50",,"38.20""0.70",,"5.95",,"5.00",,"42.50""0.80",,"6.80",,"5.50",,"46.75""0.90",,"7.65",,"6.00",,"51.00""1.00",,"8.50",,"6.50",,"55.25""1.10",,"9.35",,"7.00",,"59.50""1.20",,"10.20",,"7.50",,"63.75""1.35",,"11.48",,"8.00",,"68.00""1.50",,"12.75",,"9.00",,"76.50""1.65",,"14.03",,"10.00",,"85.00""1.80",,"15.30""注 (1)冷轧软板仅供应H59,H62,H68,H80,H90,H96,HMn58-2,HPb59-1牌号.""(2)冷轧1/2硬板仅供应H62,H65,H68,H90,HMn58-2牌号.""(3)冷轧特硬板仅供应H62牌号.""(4)冷轧板材长度分为:定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.其通常长度为500~2000mm,但长度不得小于宽度.""特殊用冷轧黄钢板""5,特殊用冷轧黄钢板(YB555-65)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.52",,"2.25","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","19.60""0.45",,"3.96",,"2.50",,"22.00""0.50",,"4.40",,"2.75",,"24.20""0.55",,"4.84",,"3.0",,"26.40""0.60",,"5.28",,"3.5",,"30.80""0.70",,"6.16",,"4.0",,"35.20""0.80",,"7.04",,"4.5",,"39.60""0.90",,"7.92",,"5.0",,"44.00""1.0",,"8.80",,"5.5",,"48.40""1.1",,"9.68",,"6.0",,"52.80""1.2",,"10.56",,"6.5",,"57.20""1.35",,"11.88",,"7.0",,"61.60""1.5",,"13.20",,"7.5",,"66.60""1.65",,"14.52",,"8.0",,"70.40""1.8",,"15.84",,"9.0",,"79.20""2.0",,"17.60",,"10.0",,"88.00""注 标记举例:用H90制成的,厚度为2.5mm,宽度为600mm,长度为1200mm的软板标记为:"" 板H90M2.5x600x1200xYB555-65.""铝及铝合金板""6,铝及铝合金板""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)"0.5,"1.40",,"2.5","7.00",,"9.0","25.2",,"25","70.0"0.6,"1.68",,"3.0","8.40",,"10.0","28.0",,"30","84.0"0.8,"2.24",,"3.5","9.80",,"12.0","33.6",,"35","98.0""1.0","2.80",,"4.0","11.20",,"14.0","39.2",,"40","112.0""1.2","3.36",,"5.0","14.00",,"16.0","44.8",,"50","140.0""1.5","4.20",,"6.0","16.80",,"18.0","50.4",,"60","168.0""1.8","5.04",,"7.0","19.60",,"20.0","56.0",,"70","196.0""2.0","5.60",,"8.0","22.40",,"22.0","61.6",,"80","224.0""注 (1)板的宽度有1000,1200和500mm;板的长度有2000,3000和4000mm."" (2)理论重量按LY11,LY12和LD10等牌号铝合金的比重2.8计算,对于其他牌号的铝合金和工业纯铝,应乘以"" 下列换算系数:LD2-0.961;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975;LC4-1.018;工业纯铝-0.967.""铅板""7,铅板(GB1470-79)""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)""1.0","11.37",,"3.0","34.11",,"5.0","56.85",,"9.0","102.33""1.5","17.06",,"3.5","39.80",,"6.0","68.22",,"10.0","113.70""2.0","22.74",,"4.0","45.48",,"7.0","79.59",,"12.0","136.44""2.5","28.43",,"4.5","51.17",,"8.0","90.96",,"16.0","170.55""注 (1)铅的化学成分按GB469-64标准."" (2)板材理论重量按比重为11.34计算,宽度按500mm进张."" (3)板材成卷供应,厚度大于15mm的板材,以片状供应,厚度不大于1.5mm的板材,应用木箱包装.""纯铜带"",纯铜带(YB464-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.05","18~150","≥20","0.44",,"0.50","18~300","≥10","4.45""0.06",,,"0.53",,"0.55",,,"4.90""0.07",,,"0.62",,"0.60",,,"5.34""0.08",,,"0.71",,"0.65",,,"5.79""0.09",,,"0.80",,"0.70",,,"6.23""0.10","18~300",,"0.89",,"0.75",,,"6.68""0.12",,,"1.07",,"0.80",,,"7.12""0.15",,,"1.34",,"0.85",,,"7.57""0.18",,,"1.60",,"0.90",,,"8.01""0.20",,,"1.78",,"1.00",,,"8.90""0.22",,,"1.96",,"1.10",,,"9.79""0.25",,,"2.23",,"1.20",,"≥7","10.68""0.30",,,"2.67",,"1.30",,,"11.57""0.35",,,"3.12",,"14.40",,,"12.46""0.40",,,"3.56",,"1.50",,,"13.35""0.45",,,"4.01""注 纯铜带的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4,TUP,其化学成分符合YB145-71的规定.""铝带""9,铝带""宽 度 (mm)","厚 度 (mm)","3","4","5","6","8","10","12","重 量 (kg/m)""10","0.080","0.107","0.134 0.161 0.268 0.335 0.402 0.536 0.670 0.804 1.072 1.340 1.608","0.161","0.214","0.268","0.322""12","0.096","0.129",,"0.193","0.257","0.322","0.386""15","0.121","0.161",,"0.241","0.322","0.402","0.482""20","0.161","0.214",,"0.322","0.429","0.568","0.643""25","0.201","0.268",,"0.402","0.568","0.670","0.804""30","0.241","0.332",,"0.482","0.643","0.804","0.965""40","0.322","0.429",,"0.643","0.858","1.072","1.286""50","0.402","0.536",,"0.804","1.072","1.340","1.608""60","0.482","0.643",,"0.965","1.286","1.608","1.930""80","0.643","0.858",,"1.286","1.715","2.144","2.573""100","0.804","1.072",,"1.608","2.144","2.680","3.216""120","0.965","1.286",,"1.930","2.573","3.216","3.859""注 表中重量系以LY11,LY12,(比重2.8)为准,其他合金应乘以下列系数:"" L1~L6-0.967;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975.""热轧铜条""1,热轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""4.0","200~500","≥1000","35.60",,"8.0","200~500","≥1000","71.20""4.5",,,"40.05",,"9.0",,,"80.10""5.0",,,"44.05",,"10.0",,,"89.0""5.5",,,"48.95",,"11.0",,,"97.9""6.0",,,"53.40",,"12.0",,,"106.8""6.5",,,"57.85",,"13.0",,,"115.7""7.0",,,"62.30",,"14.0",,,"124.6""7.5",,,"66.75",,"15.0",,,"133.5""英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""(二)英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm""0","0.324","8.230",,"14","0.080","2.032",,"28","0.0148","0.376""1","0.300","7.020",,"15","0.072","1.829",,"29","0.0136","0.345""2","0.276","7.010",,"16","0.064","1.626",,"30","0.0124","0.315""3","0.252","6.401",,"17","0.056","1.422",,"31","0.0116","0.295""4","0.232","5.893",,"18","0.048","1.219",,"32","0.0108","0.274""5","0.212","5.385",,"19","0.040","1.016",,"33","0.0100","0.254""6","0.192","4.877",,"20","0.036","0.914",,"34","0.0092","0.234""7","0.176","4.470",,"21","0.032","0.813",,"35","0.0084","0.213""8","0.160","4.064",,"22","0.028","0.711",,"36","0.0076","0.193""9","0.144","3.658",,"23","0.024","0.610",,"37","0.0068","0.173""10","0.128","3.251",,"24","0.022","0.559",,"38","0.0060","0.152""11","0.116","2.946",,"25","0.020","0.508",,"39","0.0052","0.132"12,"0.104","2.642",,"26","0.018","0.457",,"40","0.0048","0.122"13,"0.092","2.337",,"27","0.0164","0.417",,"41","0.0044","0.112""刺钢丝""三)刺钢丝规格和重量""说 明 和 用 途",,"钢丝划号 (号)","刺间距离 (mm)","每kg长度 (m)","重量 (kg/km)""刺钢丝又名刺铁丝,俗称"花园铅丝"(因常作花园围墙篱笆之用,故名),系以镀锌钢丝经机器铰缠而成(一般用#12或#14钢丝制作).适于作各种围墙(尤其是公园围墙和临时建筑场地 的围墙)篱笆或障碍物用.",,"12","65","6.4","156",,,"75","7.2","139",,,"100","7.9","127",,,"125","8.6","116",,"14","65","10.9","91.8",,,"75","11.5","86.9",,,"100","13.0","76.9",,,"125","14.0","71.4""注 (1)刺钢丝规格的注写方法为"钢丝直径(号数)x尖数x刺间距离",或"钢丝直径(号数)x刺间距离"."" (2)表列刺钢丝的"每kg长度"和"重量",仅供参考.""刻痕钢丝""四)刻痕钢丝规格和重量""直径 (mm)","断面积 (mm2)","重量 (kg/m)"," 抗 拉 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,"屈 服 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,,"I组","II组","I组","II组""2.5","4.90","0.034","190","160","152","128""3","7.06","0.056","180","150","144","120""4","12.56","0.094","170","140","136","112""5","19.63","0.150","160","130","126","104""注 刻痕钢丝是由预应力混凝土结构用碳素钢丝(冷拔高强度钢丝)在经特制的"刻痕机"进行刻痕而制成的"" 预应力钢筋混凝土结构用的钢丝.""钢丝网""五)钢丝网规格和重量""号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)"20,"1.6","1.5",,"6","2.0","6.7",,"2.5","0.7","2.0",,"1","0.3","0.9","3.0","5.1",,"5.5","0.5","0.6",,"2.2","0.45","1.0",,,"0.35","1.2""18","1.6","1.7",,,"1.6","4.7",,,"0.6","1.6",,"0.9","0.25","0.7","3.0","5.7",,,"2.0","7.2",,,"0.8","2.9",,,"0.3","1.0""16","1.6","1.9",,"5","0.7","1.1",,"2","0.4","0.9",,,"0.4","1.6","3.0","6.3",,,"1.4","4.1",,,"0.5","1.3",,"0.8","0.22","0.6""14","1.4","1.7",,,"2.2","8.9",,,"0.6","1.9",,,"0.28","0.9","2.5","4.9",,"4.5","0.5","0.7",,,"1.2","6.0",,,"0.3","1.0""12","1.2","1.4",,,"1.0","2.3",,"1.8","0.4","0.9",,"0.7","0.2","0.6","2.5","5.7",,,"1.8","6.8",,,"0.5","1.4",,,"0.25","0.9""11","1.2","1.5",,"4","0.6","1.0",,,"0.7","2.6",,,"0.30","1.2","2.5","6.1",,,"1.0","2.6",,"1.6","0.3","0.6",,"0.63","0.22","0.7""10","1.0","1.2",,,"1.4","4.8",,,"0.4","1.0",,,"0.25","0.9","2.5","6.6",,"3.5","0.7","1.5",,,"0.45","1.3",,,"0.28","1.2""9","1.0","1.3",,,"1.0","2.9",,"1.4","0.30","0.7",,"0.56","0.22","0.8","2.2","5.7",,,"1.2","4.0",,,"0.35","0.9",,,"0.25","1.0""8","0.7","0.7",,"3.2","0.45","0.7",,,"0.65","2.7",,,"0.28","1.2","1.2","2.1",,,"0.9","2.7",,"1.2","0.28","0.7",,"0.5","0.22","0.9","1.8","4.5",,,"1.2","4.3",,,"0.35","1.0",,,"0.25","1.1""7","0.7","0.8",,"2.8","0.4","0.7",,,"0.4","1.3",,,"0.3","1.5","1.2","2.3",,,"0.7","1.8",,"1.1","0.28","0.7",,"0.45","0.2","0.8","1.8","5.0",,,"1.0","3.6",,,"0.35","1.1",,,"0.25","1.2""6","0.7","0.9",,"2.5","0.4","0.7",,,"0.40","1.4",,,"0.2","0.9","1.2","2.7",,,"0.5","1.1",,"1","0.25","0.7",,"0.4","0.25","1.3""钢板网""六)钢板网规格和重量""品 种","规 格 (mm)",,,,,,"每张大约重量(kg)","生产单位","丝梗厚度 h","孔眼宽度 T","丝梗宽度 b","节 距 t","网面宽度 B","网面长度 L""小","0.5","9","1","25","1800","600","0.875","上海中国钢板网厂",,,,,"2000",,"0.875","0.6","9","1","25","1800","600","1.000",,,,,"2000",,"1.125","0.7","9","1","25","1800","600","1.125",,,,,"2000",,"1.250""网","0.75","9","1","25","1800","600","1.250",,,,,"2000",,"1.375","0.8","9","1","25","1800","600","1.375",,,,,"2000",,"1.500","1","9","1","25","1500","600","1.625",,,,,"1800",,"1.875",,,,,"2000",,"2.125""大","0.5","7","1.2","2.5","1800","2800","5.85","上海中国钢板网厂","1","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","11.70",,"9","1.2","25","1500","3000","7.95",,,,,"1800","3600","11.70",,"9","1.1","25","2000","4000","14.76",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","11.70",,,,,"2000","4000","14.60","1.2","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","14.04",,"9","1.2","25","1800","3600","14.04",,,"1.1","25","2000","4000","17.71",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","14.04""网",,,,,"2000","4000","17.71","1.5","11","1.6","40","1800","3600","17.55",,"17","2.3","65","2000","4000","22.14","2","17","2.3","65","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"22","3.0","75","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"27","3.8","100","2000","4000","29.52","3","36","4.6","115","2000","4000","44.28",,"45","6.1","150""钢丝纱""七)钢丝纱(窗纱)规格和重量""规 格","面 积(m2/卷)","重 量",,"(kg/卷)","(kg/m2)""14目3x100","27.87","12.5","0.448""14目4x100","37.16","16.6","0.448""16目3x100",27.87,13.5,"0.484""16目4x100",37.16,"18.0","0.484""紫铜丝布""(八)紫铜丝布(紫铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","22","2.691",,"30","30","2.5116",,"65","36","1.9734""10","24","2.691",,"35","31","1.9734",,"70","36","1.9734""12","24","3.0498",,"40","32","1.9734",,"75","37","1.9734""16","26","2.1528",,"45","33","1.9734",,"80","37","1.9734""20","27","2.1528",,"50","34","1.9734",,"100","39","1.7940""24","30","2.1528",,"55","35","1.9734""28","30","2.3322",,"60","35","1.7940""黄铜丝布""(九)黄铜丝布(黄铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","24","1.5787",,"24","34","0.8611",,"50","38","0.6458""10","26","1.2375",,"26","34","0.8252",,"60","41","0.3947""12","27","1.2558",,"28","36","0.5386",,"70","42","0.3347""14","27","1.3276",,"30","36","0.5741",,"80","43","0.3767""16","32","0.6100",,"32","36","0.6100",,"90","43","0.4306""18","33","0.6100",,"34","36","0.6279",,"100","43","0.5023""20","33","0.7176",,"36","36","0.7176",,"110","44","0.3347""22","33","0.8611",,"40","36","0.4844",,"120","44","0.4485""铝及铝合金直角角型材""1,铝及铝合金直角角型材(XC111)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b"1,"12","1","0.234","0.065",,"25","25","1.3","0.734","0.204",,"49","38.3","5","3.590","0.998"2,"12","2","0.440","0.122",,"26","25","1.6","0.777","0.216",,"50","38.3","6.3","4.444","1.235"3,"12.5","1.6","0.377","0.105",,"27","25","2","0.964","0.268",,"51","40","2","1.564","0.435"4,"15","1","0.294","0.082",,"28","25","2.5","1.189","0.331",,"52","40","2.5","1.944","0.540"5,"15","1.2","0.353","0.098",,"29","25","3","1.410","0.392",,"53","40","3","2.320","0.645"6,"15","1.5","0.434","0.121",,"30","25","3.2","1.509","0.429",,"54","40","3.5","2.671","0.743"7,"15","2","0.564","0.157",,"31","25","3.5","1.641","0.456",,"55","40","3.5","2.694","0.749"8,"15","3","0.820","0.223",,"32","25","4","1.857","0.516",,"56","40","4","3.057","0.850"9,"16","1.6","0.429","0.119",,"33","25","5","2.242","0.623",,"57","40","5","3.750","1.043"10,"16","2.4","0.726","0.202",,"34","27","2","1.041","0.289",,"58","45","4","3.475","0.961"11,"18","1.5","0.524","0.146",,"35","27","2","1.090","0.303",,"59","45","5","4.277","1.189"12,"18","2","0.684","0.190",,"36","30","1.5","0.884","0.246",,"60","50","3","2.920","0.812"13,"19","1.6","0.585","0.163",,"37","30","2","1.164","0.324",,"61","50","4","3.857","1.072"14,"19","2.4","0.861","0.239",,"38","30","2.5","1.438","0.400",,"62","50","5","4.777","1.328"15,"19","3.2","1.125","0.313",,"39","30","3","1.720","0.478",,"63","50","6","5.655","1.572"16,"20","1","0.397","0.110",,"40","30","4","2.240","0.623",,"64","50","6.5","6.110","1.699"17,"20","1.2","0.473","0.131",,"41","32","2.4","1.491","0.415",,"65","50","12","10.600","2.947"18,"20","1.5","0.584","0.162",,"42","32","3.2","1.957","0.554",,"66","60","5","5.777","1.606"19,"20","2","0.764","0.212",,"43","32","3.5","2.131","0.592",,"67","60","6","6.855","1.906"20,"20","3","1.140","0.137",,"44","32","6.5","3.723","1.036",,"68","75","7","10.010","2.783"21,"20","4","1.475","0.410",,"45","35","3","2.005","0.557",,"69","75","8","11.360","3.158"22,"20.5","1.6","0.633","0.176",,"46","35","4","2.657","0.739",,"70","75","10","14.000","3.892"23,"23","2","0.680","0.245",,"47","38","2.4","1.773","0.498",,"71","90","5","8.750","2.433"24,"25","1.2","0.597","0.166",,"48","38.3","3.5","2.562","0.712",,"72","90","8","13.760","3.825""注 (1)铝及铝合金型材的尺寸,规格等摘自冶金工业部1970年颁发的《铝及铝镁合金挤压型材》."" (2)表内理论重量均按LY12合金比重(2.78)进行计算,其他材料的比重及换算系数如下:L1~L7(2.71)-0.975;"" LF2(2.68)-0.964;LF11(2.65)-0.953;LF21(2.73)-0.982;LD2(2.70)-0.971;"" LY11(2.80)-1.007;LY12(2.78)-1.000."" (3)铝型材主要生产单位有哈尔滨和西北铝加工厂等.西北铝加工厂的产品断面为100~400cm2,宽度小于530mm."" (4)铝及铝合金型材规格的表示方法是型材类别组号加序号,如XC111-4,其中,XC表示型材,后面的数字依次为"" 类别,组号,连字符后的数字为顺序号.""铝及铝合金直丁字型材""2,铝及铝合金直丁字型材(XC211)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"15","25","1","0.405","0.113",,"34","32","45","3","2.259","0.628"2,"19","50","2","1.378","0.383",,"35","32","48","2.4","1.874","0.521"3,"20","20","2","0.760","0.211",,"36","32","50","3","2.423","0.674"4,"20","30","1.5","0.740","0.206",,"37","35","32","1.5","1.000","0.278"5,"20","35","2","1.060","0.295",,"38","35","35","4","2.713","0.754"6,"20","37","2","1.117","0.311",,"39","35","40","2","1.468","0.408"7,"20","42","2","1.200","0.334",,"40","37","42","2","1.500","0.417"8,"20","42","2","1.240","0.345",,"41","38","44","5","3.910","1.087"9,"20","45","2","1.860","0.517",,"42","38","50","3.5","3.026","0.841"10,"20","90","2","2.160","0.600",,"43","38","50","4.8","3.990","1.109"11,"21","53","1.8","1.300","0.361",,"44","39","75","5","5.510","1.532"12,"22","48","1.4","1.960","0.267",,"45","40","36","5","3.350","0.933"13,"25","29","1.6","0.847","0.25",,"46","40","45","3","2.479","0.689"14,"25","35","1.5","0.890","0.247",,"47","40","45","4","3.274","0.910"15,"25","38","2.5","1.510","0.420",,"48","40","68","3","3.300","0.917"16,"25","40","2","1.280","0.356",,"49","40","130","6","9.840","2.736"17,"25","45","2.5","1.726","0.480",,"50","42","64","4","4.100","1.140"18,"25","45","3","2.019","0.561",,"51","45","40","2.2","1.860","0.517"19,"25","45","4","2.708","0.753",,"52","50","70","4","4.640","1.300"20,"25","48","1.4","1.012","0.288",,"53","51","51","2.4","2.443","0.679"21,"25","48","1.5","1.082","0.301",,"54","54","50","3","3.040","0.845"22,"25","50","2","1.499","0.417",,"55","54","68","3","3.608","1.003"23,"25","50","2.5","1.851","0.515",,"56","64","50","5","5.781","1.607"24,"26","38","2.5","1.554","0.432",,"57","63","50","2","2.320","0.645"25,"27","70","2","1.920","0.534",,"58","70","37","2","2.100","0.584"26,"29","38","1.6","1.055","0.293",,"59","70","55","2","2.460","0.684"27,"29","58","2.5","2.180","0.606",,"60","74","66","6","8.080","2.246"28,"29","58","3.5","2.991","0.831",,"61","75","40","3","3.400","0.945"29,"30","40","1.5","1.040","0.289",,"62","80","50","2","2.560","0.712"30,"30","40","2","1.370","0.381",,"63","80","60","3","4.110","1.143"31,"30","45","3","2.150","0.597",,"64","83","50","3","3.953","1.099"32,"30","56","4","3.280","0.912",,"65","90","77","10","15.700","4.365"33,"30","68","6.5","6.100","1.696""热轧铜板""1,热轧铜板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽 度 (mm)",,,,,,,,"理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)","600~900","1000~1200","1300~1500","1600~1800","1900~2200","2300~2500","2600~2800","2900~3000","最 大 长 度 (mm)""5.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"44.50""5.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"48.95""6.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"53.40""6.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"57.85""7.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"62.30""7.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"66.75""8.0","4000","5000","6000","5500","4800","4200","3700","3500","71.20""9.0","4000","5000","6000","5000","4200","3700","3300","3100","80.10""10.0","4000","5000","5500","4500","3800","3300","3000","3000","89.0""11.0","4000","5000","5000","4000","3400","3300","2800",,"97.9""12.0","4000","5000","4500","3800","3100","2800",,,"106.8""13.0","4000","5000","4000","3600","2900",,,,"115.7""14.0","4000","4500","3800","3300","2700",,,,"124.6""15.0","4500","4300","3600","3100","2500",,,,"133.5""16.0","4500","4300","3400","2000","2400",,,,"142.4""17.0","4500","4000","3200","2700","2200",,,,"151.3""18.0","4500","3900","3000","2600",,,,,"160.2""19.0","4500","3700","2800","2400",,,,,"169.1""20.0","4500","3500","2600","2300",,,,,"178.0""21.0","4000","3300","2500","2200",,,,,"186.9""22.0","4000","3000","2400","2100",,,,,"195.8""23.0","4000","3000","2400","2000",,,,,"204.7""24.0","3500","2800","2200","1900",,,,,"213.6""25.0","3500","2800","2000","1800",,,,,"222.5""注 热轧板的宽度按100mm进级.""铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材(XC511)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积 (mm2)","理论重量 (kg/m)","H","B","b"1,"23","38","1.2","1.178","0.327"2,"26","34.5","3.5","3.157","0.875"3,"57","48","8","11.000","3.058"4,"68","38","2.5","3.509","0.976"5,"86","60","6","11.600","3.225""铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材(XC411)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"12.7","15.9","1.6","0.688","0.191",,11,"38","25","3","2.613","0.726"2,"20","15","1.2","0.578","0.163",,12,"44","25","4","3.690","1.001"3,"20","15","1.5","0.721","0.200",,13,"50","19","2.5","2.102","0.584"4,"25","18","1.5","0.885","0.246",,14,"80","30","3","4.020","1.118"5,"25","23","3.5","2.267","0.630",,15,"80","35","4","5.680","1.579"6,"31","25","2.5","1.900","0.528",,16,"80","40","4","6.080","1.690"7,"32","14","1.9","1.000","0.303",,17,"100","30","3","4.620","1.284"8,"34","25","3.5","2.764","0.768",,18,"100","35","4","6.480","1.801"9,"36","26","2.5","2.075","0.577",,19,"100","40","4","6.880","1.913"10,"36","31.5","3.2","2.960","0.823""铝及铝合金槽形型材""3,铝及铝合金槽形型材(XC311)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"13","13","1.6","0.561","0.156",,"31","45","40","3","3.638","1.011"2,"13","34","3.5","2.579","0.717",,"32","46","25","5","4.300","1.195"3,"20","15","1.3","0.620","0.172",,"33","50","20","4","5.331","0.926"4,"21","28","4","2.868","0.797",,"34","50","30","2","2.120","0.589"5,"25","13","2.4","1.134","0.315",,"35","50","30","4","4.131","1.148"6,"25","15","1.5","0.795","0.221",,"36","55","25","5","4.819","1.340"7,"25","18","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"37","55","30","3","3.299","0.917"8,"25","18","2","1.140","0.317",,"38","60","25","4","4.131","1.148"9,"25","20","2.5","1.520","0.423",,"39","60","35","5","6.000","1.668"10,"25","20","4","2.280","0.634",,"40","60","40","4","4.480","1.245"11,"25","25","5","3.250","0.904",,"41","63","38.3","4.8","6.275","1.744"12,"30","15","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"42","64","38","4","5.300","1.473"13,"30","18","1.5","0.960","0.267",,"43","70","25","3","3.449","0.959"14,"30","20","2","1.335","0.371",,"44","70","25","5","5.500","1.529"15,"30","22","6","3.870","1.076",,"45","70","26","3.2","3.700","1.028"16,"32","25","1.8","1.437","0.399",,"46","70","30","4","4.931","1.371"17,"32","25","2.5","1.925","0.535",,"47","70","40","5","7.080","1.968"18,"35","20","2.5","1.770","0.492",,"48","75","45","5","7.831","2.177"19,"35","30","2","1.833","0.510",,"49","80","30","4.5","6.010","1.671"20,"38","50","5","6.560","1.824",,"50","80","35","4.5","6.414","1.783"21,"40","18","2","1.453","0.404",,"51","80","35","6","8.280","2.302"22,"40","18","2.5","1.795","0.499",,"52","80","40","4","6.131","1.704"23,"40","18","3","2.129","0.592",,"53","80","40","6","8.900","2.474"24,"40","21","4","2.960","0.823",,"54","80","60","4","7.480","2.079"25,"40","25","2","1.730","0.481",,"55","90","50","6","10.680","2.969"26,"40","25","3","2.549","0.709",,"56","100","40","6","10.080","2.802"27,"40","30","3.5","3.250","0.904",,"57","100","48","6.3","11.550","3.211"28,"40","32","3","2.978","0.828",,"58","100","50","5","9.580","2.663"29,"40","50","4","5.280","1.468",,"59","128","40","9","17.100","4.754"30,"45","20","3","2.370","0.659""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管1""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","0.25","0.30","0.40","0.50","0.60","0.80","1.0","1.2",1.4,"1.5",1.6,1.8,"2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""50",,,,,,,"1.21","1.44","1.68","1.79","1.91","2.14","2.37","2.59","2.93","3.25","3.48","3.70","4.01","4.54","5.05","5.55""(51)",,,,,,,"1.23","1.47","1.71","1.83","1.96","2.18","2.42","2.64","2.99","3.32","3.55","3.79","4.10","4.64","5.16","5.67""53",,,,,,,"1.28","1.53","1.78","1.91","2.03","2.27","2.52","2.76","3.11","3.46","3.70","3.94","4.27","4.83","5.38","5.92""(54)",,,,,,,"1.31","1.59","1.82","1.94","2.07","2.31","2.56","2.81","3.18","3.53","3.77","4.02","4.36","4.93","5.49","6.04""56",,,,,,,"1.36","1.62","1.89","2.02","2.15","2.40","2.66","2.92","3.30","3.66","3.92","4.17","4.53","5.13","5.71","6.29""(57)",,,,,,,"1.38","1.65","1.92","2.05","2.18","2.45","2.71","2.97","3.36","3.74","4.00","4.25","4.62","5.23","5.83","6.41""60",,,,,,,"1.46","1.74","2.02","2.16","2.31","2.58","2.86","3.13","3.55","3.94","4.22","4.49","4.88","5.52","6.16","6.78""63",,,,,,,"1.53","1.83","2.13","2.27","2.42","2.71","3.01","3.30","3.72","4.15","4.44","4.73","5.13","5.81","6.49","7.14""65",,,,,,,"1.58","1.89","2.20","2.35","2.50","2.80","3.11","3.40","3.85","4.29","4.59","4.89","5.31","6.02","6.71","7.40""(68)",,,,,,,"1.65","1.98","2.36","2.46","2.62","2.93","3.26","3.57","4.04","4.49","4.81","5.12","5.57","6.31","7.05","7.77""70",,,,,,,"1.70","2.03","2.37","2.53","2.70","3.02","3.35","3.68","4.16","4.36","4.96","5.23","5.74","6.51","7.27","8.01""(73)",,,,,,,"1.78","2.12","2.47","2.64","2.82","3.16","3.50","3.84","4.35","4.84","5.18","5.52","6.00","6.81","7.60","8.38""75",,,,,,,"1.82","2.18","2.54","2.71","2.90","3.24","3.60","3.95","4.46","4.97","5.32","5.68","6.17","7.00","7.82","8.62""(76)",,,,,,,"1.85","2.21","2.57","2.76","2.94","3.29","3.65","4.00","4.53","5.05","5.40","5.75","6.26","7.10","7.93","8.75""80",,,,,,,,,"2.71","2.90","3.09","3.47","3.84","4.22","4.77","5.32","5.69","6.07","6.60","7.49","8.37","9.24""(83)",,,,,,,,,"2.82","3.02","3.21","3.60","4.00","4.37","4.96","5.52","5.92","6.31","6.86","7.79","8.71","9.62""85",,,,,,,,,"2.88","3.08","3.29","3.69","4.09","4.48","5.08","5.66","6.06","6.46","7.04","7.98","8.93","9.83""(89)",,,,,,,,,"3.02","3.24","3.45","3.86","4.29","4.70","5.33","5.94","6.36","6.77","7.38","8.38","9.38","10.33""90",,,,,,,,,"3.05","3.27","3.49","3.91","4.34","4.76","5.39","6.01","6.43","6.86","7.47","8.47","9.49","10.47""95",,,,,,,,,"3.21","3.46","3.68","4.13","4.59","5.02","5.70","6.36","6.81","7.26","7.90","8.98","10.04","11.10"100,,,,,,,,,"3.40","3.64","3.88","4.35","4.83","5.30","6.00","6.70","7.17","7.65","8.32","9.46","10.59","11.70""(102)",,,,,,,,,"3.46","3.73","3.97","4.45","4.93","5.40","6.13","6.84","7.32","7.81","8.50","9.67","10.82","11.96""(108)",,,,,,,,,"3.67","3.95","4.21","4.72","5.23","5.74","6.50","7.25","7.77","8.29","9.02","10.26","11.49","12.70"110,,,,,,,,,"3.74","4.03","4.28","4.81","5.32","5.84","6.62","7.39","7.92","8.43","9.19","10.46","11.70","12.93"120,,,,,,,,,,"4.36","4.66","5.25","5.83","6.38","7.24","8.07","8.66","9.22","10.06","11.44","12.93","14.30"125,,,,,,,,,,,,"5.46","6.06","6.64","7.54","8.42","9.02","9.61","10.50","11.91","13.37","14.80"130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"7.86","8.78","9.40","10.00","10.92","12.43","13.92","15.48""(133)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"8.05","8.98","9.59","10.25","11.18","12.75","14.26","15.75"140,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.11","10.79","11.80","13.42","15.05","16.65"150,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.85","11.52","12.65","14.39","16.11","17.85"160,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"13.53","15.38","17.25","19.09"170,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"14.31","16.31","18.35","20.30"180,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"15.20","17.30","19.50","21.59"190,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"18.29","20.60","22.80"200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"19.67","21.65","24.00""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管2""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","5.5","6.0","6.5","7.0","7.5","8.0","8.5","9","9.5","10",11,12,"钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""5""6""7""8""9""10","0.518","0.536","0.561""11","0.592","0.615","0.647""12","0.666","0.694","0.734","0.789""(13)","0.740","0.774","0.820","0.888""14","0.814","0.852","0.906","0.986""(15)","0.888","0.932","0.993","1.09","1.17","1.23""16","0.962","1.10","1.08","1.18","1.28","1.35""(17)","1.04","1.09","1.17","1.28","1.39","1.48""18","1.11","1.17","1.25","1.38","1.50","1.60""(19)","1.18","1.25","1.34","1.48","1.61","1.73","1.54","1.92""20","1.26","1.33","1.42","1.58","1.72","1.85","1.97","2.07""(21)","1.33","1.41","1.51","1.68","1.83","1.97","2.10","2.22""22","1.41","1.49","1.60","1.77","1.94","2.10","2.24","2.37""(23)","1.48","1.57","1.68","1.87","2.05","2.22","2.37","2.52""(24)","1.55","1.64","1.77","1.97","2.16","2.34","2.51","2.66","2.81","2.93""25","1.63","1.72","1.86","2.07","2.28","2.47","2.64","2.81","2.97","3.11""(27)","1.78","1.88","2.03","2.27","2.50","2.71","2.92","3.11","3.29","3.45""28","1.85","1.96","2.11","2.37","2.61","2.84","3.05","3.26","3.45","3.68""29","1.92","2.02","2.20","2.47","2.72","2.96","3.19","3.40","3.60","3.80","3.98""30","2.00","2.12","2.29","2.56","2.83","3.08","3.32","3.55","3.77","3.97","4.16","4.34""32","2.15","1.28","2.46","2.76","3.05","3.33","3.59","3.85","4.09","4.32","4.53","4.74""34","2.29","2.43","2.63","2.96","3.27","3.58","3.87","4.14","4.41","4.66","4.90","5.13""(35)","2.37","2.51","2.72","3.06","3.38","3.70","4.00","4.29","4.57","4.83","5.09","5.33""36","2.44","2.59","2.81","3.16","3.50","3.82","4.14","4.44","4.73","5.01","5.27","5.52""38","2.59","2.75","2.98","3.35","3.72","4.07","4.41","4.74","5.05","5.35","5.64","5.92","6.18","6.44""40","2.74","2.91","3.15","3.55","3.94","4.32","4.68","5.03","5.37","5.70","6.01","6.31","6.60","6.88""42","2.89","3.07","3.32","3.75","4.16","4.56","4.95","5.33","5.69","6.04","6.38","6.71","7.02","7.32""44.5","3.07","3.25","3.54","4.00","4.44","4.87","5.29","5.70","6.09","6.47","6.84","7.20","7.55","7.88""45","3.11","3.31","3.58","4.04","4.49","4.93","5.36","5.77","6.17","6.56","6.94","7.30","7.65","7.99","8.32","8.63""48","3.33","3.54","3.84","4.34","4.83","5.30","5.76","6.21","6.65","7.08","7.49","7.89","8.28","8.66","9.03","9.57""水,煤气输送钢管""1,水,煤气输送钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)234-63]""公称内径",,"钢 管 螺 纹",,"外径 (mm)","普通管",,"加厚管""mm","(in.)",,"壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)","壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)""6","1/8''","10","2","0.89","2.50","0.46""8","1/4''","13.5","2.25","0.62","2.75","0.73""10","3/8''","17","2.25","0.82","2.75","0.97""15","1/2''","21.25","2.75","1.25","3.25","1.44""20","3/4''","26.75","2.75","1.63","3.5","2.01""25","1''","33.5","3.25","2.42","4","2.91""32","1 1''/4","42.25","3.25","3.13","4","3.77""40","1 1''/2","48","3.5","3.84","4.25","4.58""50","2''","60","3.5","4.88","4.5","6.16""70","2 1''/2","75.5","3.75","6.64","4.5","7.88""80","3''","88.5","4","8.34","4.75","9.81""100","4''","114","4","10.85","5","13.44""125","5''","140","4.5","15.04","5.5","18.24""150","6''","165","4.5","17.81","5.5","21.63""注(1)表列钢管是适用于输送水,煤气及采暖系统等用的钢管.分镀锌和不镀锌(黑管)两种;又分带螺纹和"" 不带螺纹两种;按壁厚可分为普通钢管,加厚钢管和薄壁钢管."" (2)钢管的长度规定为:无螺纹的黑管4~12m;带螺纹的黑管和镀锌管4~9m.每批允许有10%的(按根数计算)"" 2~4m长的短尺钢管或4~9m米长的接管(即用一个管接头将两根钢管连接而成)."" (3)经供需双方协议,可供应定尺长度或倍尺长度的钢管.其最大长度可到8m.按倍尺交货的钢管,每个单"" 倍尺应留切口5~10mm."" (4)钢管用易焊接的软钢制造,钢号和制造方法(炉焊或电焊)均由制造厂选择."" (5)钢管应能承受下列规定压力的水压试验:普通钢管和薄壁钢管:20kg/cm2;加厚钢管30kg/cm2.""电丝套管""2,电丝套管规格,重量表""名称","外径 (mm)","近似内径 (mm)","管壁厚度 (mm)","重量 (kg/m)","每吨长度 (m/t)""5/8''","15.9","12.3","1.8","0.626","1597.44""3/4''","19.1","15.5","1.8","0.627","1302.08""1''","25.4","21.8","1.8","0.628","954.20""1 1''/4","31.8","28.2","1.8","0.629","750.75""1 1''/2","38.1","34.5","1.8","0.630","620.73""电焊钢管""电焊钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)242-68]""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)",0.5,0.6,0.8,"1.0","1.2","1.4","1.5","1.6","1.8","2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","3.8","4.0",4.2,4.5,4.8,"5.0",5.5,"钢 管 的 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""(5)","0.055","0.065","0.083","0.099""(6)","0.068","0.080","0.108","0.123""(7)","0.080","0.095","0.122","0.148""(8)","0.092","0.110","0.142","0.173","(0.202)""(9)","0.105","0.125","0.162","0.197","0.231""10","0.117","0.139","0.182","0.222","(0.261)""(11)","0.129","0.154","0.201","0.247","0.290""12","0.142","0.169","0.221","0.271","0.320","0.365","(0.388)","0.411""(13)",,"0.184","0.241","0.296","0.349","0.400","0.425","0.451""(14)",,"0.199","0.260","0.321","0.379","0.434","0.462","0.490""15",,"0.214","0.280","0.345","0.409","0.468","(0.499)","0.529""16",,"0.228","0.300","0.370","0.438","0.503","(0.536)","0.568""(17)",,"0.244","0.320","0.395","0.468","0.537","0.573","0.608""18",,"0.258","0.340","0.419","0.497","0..572","(0.610)","0.647","(0.717)","(0.789)""(19)",,"0.274","0.359","0.444","0.527","0

不锈钢带的生产方法，不锈钢带应用到军工、汽车、电子或家电等行业，属于冷轧基板材料技术领域。特征是：选用不锈钢带坯料经第一次轧程，轧制成半成品不锈钢带；将半成品不锈钢带进入退火炉，同时充入保护气体，退火炉内的温度分为六个区域和预热段；退火结束后，再经第二次轧程，将半成品不锈钢带轧制成厚度为：０．２～０．５ｍｍ的成品不锈钢带；然后将轧制后的不锈钢带经拉直矫平，裁剪、包装为成品。本发明冷却效果好，能减少轧制道次；能降低生产成本，提高产品质量和产量；能提高表面光洁度及平直度，并能满足客户对硬度的使用要求。 不锈钢带的厚度大于1.2mm采用洛氏硬度计，测试HRB、HRC硬度。厚度为0.2～1.2mm的不锈钢带采用表面洛氏硬度计测试HRT、HRN硬度。厚度小于0.2mm的不锈钢带，采用表面洛氏硬度计配金刚石砧座，测试HR30Tm硬度。 在不锈钢带的生产过程中，有一个十分重要的工序，这就是退火－精整处理。不锈钢的退火－精整处理通常是在连续退火机组上进行的，不锈钢带以某一速度连续运动，不锈钢带的硬度主要依靠改变运动速度或调节精整压下率来调整。不锈钢带材的硬度是一项十分重要的质量指标，它关系到以不锈钢带为原料的冲压、焊管及其他变形或非变形加工的产品质量和工作效率。如何能在不停机的条件下，在生产现场快速无损地检测不锈钢带的硬度，通过现场调整工艺参数保证最终产品的硬度在规定范围之内。这是不锈钢带生产，以及冷轧钢带生产中一项亟待解决的难题。 最新生产的W－B75型韦氏硬度计较好地解决了这一问题。这种仪器有20个刻度，它采用洛氏硬度值为90HRB的标准洛氏硬度块来校正仪器，这一硬度值被设定在仪器13～14的范围内，这种仪器可以当作一台简单的HRB洛氏硬度计来使用。它可以有效地区分退火不锈钢带的软态、1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬及全硬状态。仪器重量不到1kg，它象一把钳子一样（俗称钳式硬度计或硬度钳），在不锈钢带上掐一下即可。测试后在不锈钢带上只留下一个极小的压痕，这个压痕既不影响外观，又不影响使用，可认为是无损检测。整个操作过程只需要1秒钟时间。这种仪器的采用可能有效地解决不锈钢带硬度的在线检测，在线控制问题。可以有效地提高不锈钢带产品的合格率，降低不锈钢带产品硬度的分散性，提高工厂的质量管理水平。我们相信这种新改进的W－B75型韦氏硬度计，在不锈钢加工行业一定会受到广泛的欢迎。

1 齿轮钢现状和发展方向   齿轮在工作时，长期受到变载荷的冲击力、接触应力、脉动弯曲应力及摩擦力等多种应力的作用，还受到加工精度、装配精度、外来硬质点的研磨等多种因素的影响，是极易损坏的零件，因此要求齿轮钢具有较高的强韧性、疲劳强度和耐磨性。为了生产出优质齿轮钢，一方面要求钢厂为用户提供淬透性稳定且适应用户工艺要求的齿轮钢产品，另一方面齿轮厂也要优化现有工艺，引进新工艺来提高齿轮的质量。 与日本、德国、美国生产的齿轮钢相比，中国齿轮钢存在的差距主要是：钢的牌号未形成系列化，产品标准落后；钢的淬透性带较宽，国外钢的淬透性带已经达到4HRC，而中国在6-8HRC左右，并且不够稳定；钢的纯净度较低，从日本、德国、奥地利等国进口的齿轮钢，其氧含量波动在（7-18）×10-6，中国在（15-25）×10-6左右，并且非金属夹杂物弥散程度不够，分布不均，大颗粒夹杂物较多；晶粒度要求不同，中国齿轮钢晶粒度级别一般要求5-8级，而日本特别强调渗碳齿轮钢的晶粒度应不粗于6级；日本开发了低硅抗晶界氧化渗碳钢系列，可使晶界氧化层降低到≤5μm，而SCM420H等Cr-Mo钢为15-20μm；平均使用寿命短，单位产品能耗大，劳动生产率低。此外，在轧制过程中如何保证疏松等低倍缺陷在很小且芯部范围内，也是中国未曾研究的领域，因为低倍组织缺陷会对零件后续加工以及热处理变形带来很多不利影响。 目前，中国汽车用齿轮钢的主体钢种仍是20CrMnTi，该钢种通常采用气体渗碳工艺，由于渗碳气氛中氧化性气体的存在，导致渗层中对氧亲和力较大的元素Si、Mn、Cr在晶界处发生氧化，形成晶界氧化层。晶界氧化层的发生会导致渗层Si、Mn、Cr等合金元素固溶量下降，降低渗层的淬透性，从而降低渗层的硬度并导致非马氏体组织的产生，进而显著降低齿轮的疲劳性能。为解决这一问题可以采用两种手段：1）采用特殊的热处理工艺。真空渗碳可降低渗碳气氛中的氧势，从而可以较为有效地减小渗碳层晶界氧化的发生程度；稀土渗碳工艺也可以降低晶界氧化程度，由于稀土优先在工件表面富集并择优沿钢的晶界扩散，而且与氧的亲合力远比Si、Mn、Cr高得多，它将优先与氧结合,阻碍氧原子继续向内扩散，从而有助于减轻非马氏体组织的产生。2）通过合金设计，开发抗晶界氧化的齿轮钢。Ni、Mo具有很强的抗氧化能，Cr元素次之，Mn抗氧化能力弱，而Si的抗氧化能力最弱（Si氧化倾向是Cr、Mn的10倍）。因此为减小晶界氧化并保证淬透性，在齿轮钢成分设计时，应适当降低易氧化元素的含量，特别是Si的含量，相应地提高难氧化元素Ni、Mo的含量。据报道，将Si、Mn、Cr分别控制在0.05%、0.35%、0.01%可以完全抑制表面组织异常，而且即使在1000℃也很少有晶界氧化的发生。 为满足汽车行业高性能以及轻量化的发展要求，未来应重点开发：淬透性带窄的齿轮钢、超低氧渗碳钢、低晶界氧化层渗碳钢、超细晶粒渗碳钢、提高高温硬度和高温抗软化渗碳钢、易切削齿轮钢、冷锻齿轮用钢等。  2 轴承钢现状和发展方向   轴承广泛应用于矿山机械、精密机床、冶金设备、重型装备与高档轿车等重大装备领域和风力发电、高铁动车及航空航天等新兴产业领域。中国生产的轴承主要为中低端轴承和小中型轴承，表现为低端过剩和高端缺乏。与国外相比，在高端轴承和大型轴承方面存在较大差距。中国高速铁路客车专用配套轮对轴承全部需要从国外进口。在航空航天、高速铁路、高档轿车及其他工业领域用的关键轴承上，中国轴承在使用寿命、可靠性、Dn值与承载能力等方面与先进水平存在较大差距。例如，国外汽车变速箱轴承的使用寿命最低50万公里，而国内同类轴承寿命约10万公里，且可靠性、稳定性差。   航空方面   作为航空发动机的关键基础零部件，国外正在研发推力比为15-20的第2代航空发动机轴承，准备在2020年前后装配到第5代战机中。近10年来，美国研发了第2代航空发动机用轴承钢，其代表性钢种为耐500℃的高强耐蚀轴承钢CSS-42L和耐350℃高氮不锈轴承钢X30（Cronidur30），中国则在进行第2代航空发动机用轴承的研发。   汽车方面   对于汽车轮毂轴承，中国目前广泛应用的是第1代和第2代轮毂轴承（球轴承），而欧洲已广泛采用第3代轮毂轴承。第3代轮毂轴承的主要优点是可靠、有效载荷间距短、易安装、无需调整、结构紧凑等。目前，中国引进车型大多采用这种轻量化和一体化结构轮毂轴承。   铁路车辆方面   目前，中国铁路重载列车用轴承采用国产电渣重熔G20CrNi2MoA渗碳钢制造，而国外已经将超高纯轴承钢（EP钢）的真空脱气冶炼技术、夹杂物均匀化技术（IQ钢）、超长寿命钢技术（TF钢）、细质化热处理技术、表面超硬化处理技术和先进的密封润滑技术等应用到轴承的生产和制造，从而大幅度提升了轴承的寿命与可靠性。中国电渣轴承钢不仅质量低，而且成本比真空脱气钢高出2000-3000元/吨，未来中国需要开发超高纯、细质化、均匀化与质量稳定的真空脱气轴承钢取代目前采用的电渣轴承钢。   风电能源方面   对于风电轴承，目前中国还无法生产技术含量较高的主轴轴承和增速器轴承，基本依靠进口，3MW以上风电机组配套轴承的国产化问题还没有解决。国外为了提高风电轴承的强度、韧性和使用寿命，采用了新型特殊热处理钢SHX（40CrSiMo），对于偏航和变浆轴承，通过表面感应淬火热处理控制淬硬层深度、表面硬度、软带宽度和表面裂纹；对于增速器轴承和主轴轴承采用碳氮共渗，使零件表面得到较多稳定残余奥氏体体积分数（30%-35%）和大量细小碳化物、碳氮化物，提高了轴承在污染润滑工况下的使用寿命。 为提高轧机轴承的使用寿命以及运转精度，未来需要进行轧机用GCr15SiMn和G20Cr2Ni4等轴承钢的超高纯真空脱气冶炼和轴承表层大奥氏体量控制热处理等技术的研发。日本NSK与NTN轴承公司分别开发了表面奥氏体强化技术，即通过增加表层奥氏体含量，开发出了TF轴承和WTF轴承，从而将轴承的寿命提高了6-10倍。 未来中国轴承钢的研发方向主要体现在四个方面： 一是经济洁净度：在考虑经济性的前提下，进一步提高钢的洁净度，降低钢中的氧和钛含量，达到轴承钢中的氧与钛的质量分数分别小于6×10-6和15×10-6的水平，减小钢中夹杂物的含量与尺寸，提高分布均匀性。 二是组织细化与均匀化：通过合金化设计与控轧控冷工艺的应用，进一步提高夹杂物与碳化物的均匀性，降低和消除网状和带状碳化物，降低平均尺寸与最大颗粒尺寸，达到碳化物的平均尺寸小于1μ m的目标；进一步提高基体组织的晶粒度，使轴承钢的晶粒尺寸进一步细化。 三是减少低倍组织缺陷：进一步降低轴承钢中的中心疏松、中心缩孔与中心成分偏析，提高低倍组织的均匀性。 四是轴承钢的高韧性化：通过新型合金化、热轧工艺优化与热处理工艺研究，提高轴承钢的韧性。3 弹簧钢现状和发展方向   弹簧钢主要用于汽车、发动机制造业以及铁路行业。目前，中国弹簧钢产品存在的问题是，中低端产品过剩，高端及特殊品种缺乏；中国弹簧钢在纯净度、抗疲劳性、表面质量以及质量稳定性等方面与国外存在较大差距，无法满足高档乘用车悬架簧、气门弹簧、铁路及重载货车专用弹簧等对弹簧钢性能的要求。中国高档次及深加工弹簧钢仍然依赖进口。进口品种主要为轿车用弹簧钢、铁道用弹簧圆钢、油泵阀门弹簧钢丝等。 虽然降低钢中氧及夹杂物含量是获得纯净钢的一种途径，但是要想得到零夹杂的弹簧钢比较困难，为此有研究者提出了氧化物冶金技术，这是一种有效的晶粒细化的方法，是实现钢铁材料强度与韧性成倍提高的最有效方法。它利用钢中细小弥散的高熔点非金属夹杂物，主要是氧化物、硫化物以及氮化物，作为晶内铁素体的形核核心，从而起到细化晶粒的作用。国内外已经对Ti、Zr氧化物体系做了系统的研究，认为含钛氧化物是最理想的。在奥氏体晶粒内钛的氧化物质点成为针状铁素体有效形核地点，促进晶内铁素体形成。但是，由于钢种成分的限制，钛氧化物冶金的推广受到了限制。最近几年开始对稀土元素进行研究，可以利用稀土元素的强脱氧脱硫能力及产物熔点高的特点来研究稀土氧化物对钢材性能的影响。 汽车行业对悬簧强度的要求越来越高，设计应力提高到1100-1200MPa，为此日本开发出添加合金来提高强度和提高耐腐蚀疲劳强度的钢材。中国弹簧钢无法满足高档乘用车悬架簧用钢性能需求，强度1200MPa及以上悬架弹簧产品用弹簧钢全部依赖进口。然而，近年来，为规避资源风险、降低成本和实现原材料的全球化供给，强烈要求使用标准钢（SAE9254）维持高强度，而且强烈要求提高钢的韧性，因此越来越多地采用喷丸硬化处理取代处理费用高的表面硬化热处理。喷丸硬化处理将压缩残余应力作用于表面，可提高抗疲劳强度，减小表面缺陷的影响程度，因此近年来将它视为表面处理不可或缺的技术。随着表面强化技术的发展，悬簧的设计应力也达到了1200MPa级。预计今后对高强度悬簧用钢的强度、韧性和耐腐蚀性及耐用性的要求将越来越高。未来，随着汽车轻量化，发展高强度、优良抗弹减性能和抗疲劳性能的汽车悬架用弹簧钢是提高中国高端装备零部件自主配套能力、有效替代进口的必然趋势。所有弹簧产品中，气门弹簧对材料要求最为严格，特别是高应力及异型截面气门弹簧对材料要求近乎苛刻。例如，要求抗拉强度达到2000MPa；对氧化物、硫化物的夹杂物等级要求均达到0级；异型截面材料对曲率、长短轴等有特殊要求。目前，国外气门弹簧专用弹簧钢生产主要集中在日本、韩国、瑞典，生产企业有日本铃木、三兴、住友、神钢钢线、韩国KisWire、瑞典Garphyttan等，几乎垄断了中国全部异型截面和高应力气门弹簧钢市场。2000年以后，随着新型发动机的开发，对发动机的旋转速度和轻量化、紧凑化的要求越来越高，因此日本开始采用2100-2200MPa的OT钢丝。在此情况下，不仅要调整合金成分，还要对现有制造工艺进行改进，低温弥散硬化成为必不可少的工艺。然而，低温弥散硬化后的弹簧形状发生变化，为了提高形状和尺寸的控制精度，控制整个制造工序中的形状变化的技术开始引人关注。 未来，为满足高端弹簧基础零部件国产化的发展需求，应不断开发高性能弹簧钢产品，一方面是向高强度方向发展，要求在高应力下同时提高疲劳寿命和抗松弛性能；另一方面是向功能性方向发展，根据不同的用途，要求具有耐蚀性、非磁性、导电性、耐磨性、耐热性等。

冷轧：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在20-40吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。内径为610mm。　　　　产品特点：因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。　　　　简单来说，冷轧，是在热轧板卷的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧---酸洗---冷轧这样的加工过程。　　　　冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。由于热轧经过连续冷变型而成的冷轧，在机械性能比较差，硬度太高。必须经过退火才能恢复其机械性能，没有退火的叫轧硬卷。轧硬卷一般是用来做无需折弯，拉伸的产品，1.0以下厚度轧硬的运气好的两边或者四边折弯。　　　　冷轧一般都会经过退火处理。

冷轧薄钢板，简称冷轧钢板、冷轧薄板、冷轧板、冷板等。它还包括不锈钢板、弹簧钢板、硬钢片、镀锌板、镀锡板、镀铝板等。冷轧薄钢带，简称冷轧钢带、冷轧带钢、钢带、带钢、薄钢带、冷轧卷等。还包括不锈钢带、镀锌钢带、镀锡钢带等。 冷轧钢板标准 冷轧薄钢板、钢带（以下简称冷轧薄板）主要用于零件的冲压加工，而冷轧薄板的力学性能十分重要，它直接关系到板材的冲压性能。冷轧薄板是以不同的热处理状态分级的，不同硬度的材料，用于不同的加工方法，国家标准GB/T 13237-1991《优质碳素结构钢冷轧薄钢板和钢带》将冷轧薄板大致分为三级，P级用于普通冲压，S级用于深度冲压，Z级用于最深度冲压。中国冶金标准YB/T 5059-1993《低碳钢冷轧钢带》将薄钢板按硬度分为五级，即：TR（特级）、R（软）、BR（半软）、DY（低硬）和Y（冷硬）。其实通过一定的冷轧变形程度和冷轧后热处理的恰当配合，可以在广泛的范围内满足用户关于材料力学性能方面的要求。冷轧薄板根据用户加工上的要求可以分成更多的级别。例如：日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》的分类除分为一般用（spcc）、冲压用(spcd)和深冲压用（spce）三类外，还细分为退火、标准调质、1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬、全硬等级别。 在冷轧薄板力学性能的检测方面，一些标准只规定了拉伸试验，另一些标准除拉伸试验外还规定了硬度试验。 中国标准GB/T 13237-1991就只规定了拉伸试验，技术要求冷轧钢板标准如表一所示：牌号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率不小于拉延级别Z－S和PZSP08F275～365275～38034323008,08Al,10F275～390275～41032302810295～410295～43030392815F315～430315～45029282715335～450335～47027262520355～490335～50026252425——390～540——242330——440～590——222135——490～635——201940——510～650————1845——530～680————1650——540～715————14 日本标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》（该标准中包含了冷轧薄钢板和钢带）规定了拉伸试验，也规定了硬度试验，该标准的力学性能要求如下：表二：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的拉伸试验质牌号抗拉强度/MPa 不小于 伸长率/%不小于试样按以下公称厚度/mm>=0.250.250.400.601.01.6>=2.5SPCC SPCD SPCE(270) 270 270(32) 34 36(34) 36 3836 38 40　 37 39 41 　　 (38) 40 42 　39 41 435号试样轧制方向 表三：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的硬度值。调质区分符号 硬度最大HRBHV退火A57105标准调质S65115 注：厚度小于0.6mm的钢板和钢带，原则上不进行拉伸试验。 表四：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬材料的拉伸试验值。调质区分 符号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率/%最小试样1/8硬8294～410255号试样轧制方向1/4硬4370～490101/2硬2440～590——硬1>=550——     表五：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬状态的硬度值。调质区分符号HRBHV1/8硬 1/4硬8450～7165～8095～130 115～1501/2硬 硬2174～89 ≥85135～185 ≥170注：HRB和HV，仅选用其中之一。英国标准BS 1449/1.9-1991《厚板、薄板和钢带第一部分：碳素钢和碳锰钢厚板、薄板和钢带具有成形性能的冷轧窄钢带技术条件》对冷轧板分级为CS1（铝镇静稳定化超深冲）、CS2（超深冲）、CS3（深冲）、CS4（折边）、CS15（商品级）。这项标准的力学性能要求如表六所示： 表六：钢材交货时的力学性能轧制状态和级别退火（A）或平整冷轧（SP）状态硬度HV1)2)最大屈服强度Re1)/MPa最小抗拉强度Rm1)/MPa最小伸长率A1)/%最小弯心直径1)（180°弯曲）原始标距LO50mm80mmCS1A9514027038（36）0aSP10514027036（34）0aCS2A9514027036（34）0a SP10014027036（34）0aCS3A100（140）（280）（34）（32）0aSP110（140）（280）（34）（32）0aCS4A105（140）（280）——0aSP115（140）（280）——0a 注：1）窄钢带交货应符合，或者硬度和弯曲试验，或者拉伸和弯曲试验，但硬度和拉伸试验不应同时进行。     2）对于SP（平整冷轧）状态，与镀层精整（PL）或镜面光洁度（MF），或以“无拉伸痕”交货的钢材组合，最大硬度可以提高5个HV或抗拉强度可以提高20MPa。     3）牌号CS2、CS3和CS4的硬度值仅适用于沸腾钢。 如上所述冷轧薄板的力学性能可以通过拉伸试验来检测，也可以通过硬度试验来检测。由于硬度试验设备简单、易于掌握，试验效率高，并且金属硬度与强度之间有一定的对应关系，所以硬度检测是确定材料力学性能的更方便的方法。冷轧薄板的硬度检测可以用于冷轧板生产过程的质量控制，更适于生产冲压产品的厂家对原材料进行力学性能的复检。 日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996规定的硬度试验是洛氏硬度HRB和维氏硬度HV。维氏硬度试验可用于冷轧薄板，但洛氏硬度HRB却不适用于测试薄板材料。因为当板材厚度小于2mm时，测试HRB硬度可能会因为发生“测砧效应”而使测量的硬度值失准。对于薄板材料，可以测试表面洛氏硬度HRN或HRT，然后换算成HRB或HV硬度。冷轧钢板标准生产了一种便携式表面洛氏硬度计，它非常适合测试薄板和钢带材料，它可以在生产现场、销售现场或材料仓库快速进行冷轧薄板材料的洛氏硬度检测，完成一次测量仅需要10秒钟时间，检测的板材厚度范围为0.05-50mm。这种仪器可以用在冷轧薄板带的生产线上，对产品的热处理效果进行在线的质量控制。这种仪器更适用于冲压产品的生产厂家。可以用它对购入的板材硬度进行复检，可以携带它去钢材市场选购材料，也可以利用它对自己厂生产的冲压产品进行硬度检测。 这种仪器如果配上一个支承座，还可以放到办公桌上使用。可以对成批的成品或半成品工件做逐件检测。它的测试精度与台式洛氏硬度计相同。 目前冷轧薄带材料正在向超薄方向发展，据报道，上海宝钢已扎制出厚度为0.08mm的冷轧薄板带材。采用本所生产的PHR-1S型表面洛氏硬度计，配一个金刚点砧座，就可测试薄至0.05mm冷轧薄板带材料的硬度。 这种应用完全可以取代维氏硬度计，使冷轧薄板材料的力学性能检测实现快速、简便、经济。

冷轧镀锌板，是一种镀锌钢板。钢板按轧制分为热轧和冷轧两种。冷轧板是平板状的，矩形的，可直接轧制而成的。冷轧是在室温条件下将钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最小厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，大部份工厂如保定普瑞钢材冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和 市场 需求而决定。冷轧和热轧的区别： 1、冷轧成型钢允许截面出现局部屈曲，从而可以充分利用杆件屈曲后的承载力；而热轧型钢不允许截面发生局部屈曲。2、热轧型钢和冷轧型钢残余应力产生的原因不同，所以截面上的分布也有很大差异。冷弯薄壁型钢截面上的残余应力分布是弯曲型的，而热扎型钢或焊接型钢截面上残余应力分布是薄膜型。3、热轧型钢的自由扭转刚度比冷轧型钢高，所以热轧型钢的抗扭性能要优于冷轧型钢。冷轧的优缺点：优点：成型速度快、 产量 高，且不损伤涂层，可以做成多种多样的截面形式，以适应使用条件的需要；冷轧可以使钢材产生很大的塑性变形，从而提高了钢材的屈服点。缺点: 1.虽然成型过程中没有经过热态塑性压缩，但截面内仍然存在残余应力，对钢材整体和局部屈曲的特性必然产生影响；2.冷轧型钢样式一般为开口截面，使得截面的自由扭转刚度较低。在受弯时容易出现扭转，受压时容易出现弯扭屈曲，抗扭性能较差；3.冷轧成型钢壁厚较小，在板件衔接的转角处又没有加厚，承受局部性的集中荷载的能力弱。冷轧镀锌板用于汽车、冰箱、洗衣机等家电，以及 产业 设备、各种建筑材料。

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板。冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，冷轧钢板的密度不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。冷轧钢板的密度：热轧钢板含碳量可比冷轧钢板略高些。在成份相持不大的情况下密度是一样的。但如果成份相差悬殊，如不锈钢不论冷轧、热轧密度都在7.9g/cm3左右。具体还要看成份，热轧只是延展性更好，钢材同样受到压力作用

冷轧板卷是以热轧卷为原料，在室温下在再结晶温度以下进行轧制而成，包括板和卷，国内众多钢厂如宝钢、武钢、鞍钢等均可以生产。其中成张交货的称为钢板，也称盒板或平板；长度很长、成卷交货的称为钢带，也称卷板。 生产过程中由于不进行加热，所以不存在热轧常出现的麻点和氧化铁皮等缺陷，表面质量好、光洁度高。而且冷轧产品的尺寸精度高，产品的性能和组织能满足一些特殊的使用要求，如电磁性能、深冲性能等。  　　规格：厚度为0.2-4mm，宽度为600-2 000mm，钢板长度为1 200-6 000mm。  　　牌号：Q195A-Q235A、Q195AF-Q235AF、Q295A(B)-Q345 A(B)；SPCC、SPCD、SPCE、ST12-15;DC01-06  　　性能：主要采用低碳钢牌号，要求具有良好的冷弯和焊接性能，以及一定的冲压性能。 钢号规格（厚*宽*长）冷轧板规格板0.4*1000*C0.5*1250*C0.35*1000*C 1.0*1000*C0.7*1020*C0.3*1000*C 0.4*1000*C1.5*1000*C2.5*1000*C 2.5*1000*C2.0*1250*C1.5*1250*C 1.0*1250*C1.0*1000*C1.0*1000*2000 1.2*1000*20001.5*1000*20000.5*1000*C 2.0*1000*20003.0*1000*20001.0*1250*2000 1.0*1250*25001.2*1250*20001.2*1250*2500 1.5*1250*20001.5*1250*20002.0*1250*2000 2.0*1250*25002.5*1250*20002.5*1250*2500 3.0*1250*20003.0*1250*25001.0*1250*2500 0.35*1000*20000.4*1000*20000.45*1000*2000 0.5*1000*20000.6*1000*20000.7*1000*2000 0.8*1000*20002.0*1000*20001.2*1000*2000 1.5*1000*20001.0*1250*2000

（二）电工用冷轧硅钢薄板（GB2521-88）  　　用含硅0.8％-4.8％的电工硅钢为材质，经冷轧而成。  　　冷轧硅钢片分晶粒无取向和晶粒取向两种钢带。冷轧电工钢带具有表面平整、厚度均匀、叠装系数高、冲片性好等特点，且比热轧电工钢带磁感高、铁损低。用冷带代替热轧带制造电机或变压器，其重量和体积可减少0％-25％。若用冷轧取向带，性能更佳，用它代替热轧带或低档次冷轧带，可减少变压器电能消耗量45％-50％，且变压器工作性能更可靠。  　　用于制造电机和变压器。通常，晶粒无取向冷轧带用作电机或焊接变压器等的状态；晶粒取向冷轧带用作电源变压器、脉冲变压器和磁放大器等的铁芯。  　　钢板规格尺寸：厚度为0.35、0.50、0.65mm，宽度为800-1000mm，长度为≤2.0m。

冷轧板带用途很广，如汽车制造、电气产品、机车车辆、航空、精密仪表、食品罐头等。 　　冷轧薄钢板是普通碳素结构钢冷轧板的简称，也称冷轧板，俗称冷板，有时会被误写成冷扎板。冷板是由普通碳素结构钢热轧钢带，经过进一步冷轧制成厚度小于4mm的钢板。由于在常温下轧制，不产生氧化铁皮，因此，冷板表面质量好，尺寸精度高，再加之退火处理，其机械性能和工艺性能都优于热轧薄钢板，在许多领域里，特别是家电制造领域，已逐渐用它取代热轧薄钢板。 　　适用牌号：Q195、Q215、Q235、Q275；SPCC（日本牌号）；ST12（德国牌号） 　　符号：冷轧板的用途 　　1、Q—普通碳素结构钢屈服点（极限）的代号，它是“屈”的第一个汉语拼音字母的大小写；195、215、235、255、275—分别表示它们屈服点（极限）的数值，单位：兆帕MPa（N/mm2）；由于Q235钢的强度、塑性、韧性和焊接性等综合机械性能在普通碳素结构钢中属最了，能较好地满足一般的使用要求，所以应用范围十分广泛。 　　2、S-钢（Steel）、P-板（Plate）、C-冷轧（cold）、第四位C-普通级（common）。 　　3、ST-钢（Steel）、12-普通级冷轧薄钢板、　 　　标记：尺寸精度—尺寸—钢板品种标准 　　冷轧钢板：钢号—技术条件标准 　　标记示例：B-0.57501500-GB708-88；钢板、标准号Q/BQB402，牌号SPCC，热处理状态退火+平整（S），表央加工状态为麻面D，表面质量为FB级的切边（切边EC，不切边EM）钢板、厚度0.5mm，B级精度，宽度1000mm，A级精度，长度2000mm，A级精度，不平度精度为PF.A，则标记为：钢板ECQ/BQB 402-SPCC-SD-FB/（0.51000A2000A-PF.A）； 　　冷轧钢板：Q225-GB912-89 　　主要产地有：宝钢、鞍钢、本钢、武钢、邯钢、包钢、唐钢、涟钢、济钢等 　　冷轧普通薄钢板 ：由普通碳素结构钢或低合金结构钢冷轧制成。冷轧板表面质量较好。具有良好的冲压性能。对其要求要保证冷弯和杯试验合格，常用于汽车等行业和镀层板的原料。 　　冷轧优质薄钢板：主要包括各种优质钢冷轧薄板，最常用的是碳素结构钢板，尤其是深冲压用冷轧薄钢板，是由低碳优质钢08Al冷轧的薄板，钢板按表面质量分为三组；Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ，分别表示特别高级、高级、较高的精整表面,按拉延级别分为ZF、HF、F级（代表用于冲制拉延最复杂、很复杂、复杂的零件）,根据钢板厚度允许偏差，又分为A、B两级精度、广泛用于汽车拖拉机工业。 　　冷轧钢板，表面光洁，加工优良，用于汽车、冰箱、洗衣机等家电，以及产业设备、各种建筑材料。随着经济发展，冷轧钢板已被称为现代社会的必须材料。 冷轧产品的分类： 热轧酸洗、轧硬卷、普通冷轧、镀锌（电镀锌、耐指纹、热镀锌）、镀铝锌、电镀锡、彩涂、电工钢（矽钢片）等。 　　1、热轧酸洗：　　2、轧 硬 卷：在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。　　产品特点：因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。

地弹簧门有五条缝隙，如果安装精度有差，将影响其外观效果和保温密封性能。不仅在制作过程中需要注意精度，安装质量也是一个重要指标，门框、门扇的对角线查、外形尺寸公差都必须要符合要求，以下简单介绍一下安装步骤。　　1、画线，使地弹簧转轴中心与门夹转轴重合。　　2、根据说明书和实物在地面开孔，孔的大小要与地弹簧壳体配紧，不能松动。　　3、将地弹簧放入开好的孔内摆正。　　4、抬起装好门夹的门扇，使地弹簧的转轴插入门扇的转轴孔内。　　5、调节地弹簧三个方向的螺丝。保持门扇垂直，及上下转动轴心重合。　　6、调节关门的速度。删除

冷 轧 产 品 品 名        材 质碳 结 板    SPCC、St12、DC01、Q235AB优结钢板   20-45#、08-15#优质碳素钢    08AL低碳深冲板    SC1、SPCE、ST14、DC04 超深冲板  SC2、St15、DC05、SC3、St16、DC06、St17耐腐蚀钢   05CuPCrNi、09CuPCrNi、Q345GNHL 低碳冲压钢   SPCD、ST13、DC03深 冲 板   SPCEN参照： （一）冲压用冷连轧钢带牌号命名方法 1、一般冲压用钢：BLC B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；L——低碳（Low Carbon）；C——一般用（Commercial） 2、抗时效性低屈服钢：BLD B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；L——低碳（Low Carbon）；D——冲压用（Drawing） 3、非时效性极深冲用钢：BUFD（BUSD） B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；U——超级（Ultra）；F——成型（Formability）； D——冲压（Drawing） 4、非时效性超深冲用钢：BSUFD B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；SU——超高级（Ultra+Super）；F——成型（Formability）； D——冲压（Drawing） （二）冷成型用高强度冷连轧钢带牌号命名方法 B ××× × × B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；×××——最小屈服点值； ×——一般用V、X、Y、Z表示 V：高强度低合金，屈服点与抗拉强度差值无规定 X：V中屈服点最小值与抗拉强度最小值差别70MPa Y：V中屈服点最小值与抗拉强度最小值差别100MPa Z：V中屈服点最小值与抗拉强度最小值差别140MPa ×——氧化物/硫化物夹杂控制（K：镇静、细晶粒；F：K+硫化物控制；O：K、F外） 例：B240ZK、B340VK （三）抗凹陷性冷连轧钢带牌号命名方法 B ××× × × B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写 ×××——最小屈服点值 ×——强化方式（P：强化；H：烘烤硬化） ×——由1或2表示（1：超低碳；2：低碳） 築210P1：深冲压用高强度钢；B250P2：一般加工用含磷高强度钢；B180H1：深冲用烘烤硬化钢

28日国内不锈钢冷轧上涨幅度在500元左右。据信息研究中心商场监测显现，北京区域，冷卷304/2B的0.5-3.0mm报价在3.20-3.33万元左右(吨价，下同)；热板304/No.1太钢6mm-20mm价位在2.78-3.75万元之间；321圆钢报价在4.70-5.10万元，2Cr13、3Cr13报价在0.94万元左右。佛山区域，冷卷304/2B 0.4-3.0mm张浦报价在3.18-3.33万元左右；无锡区域，冷卷304/2B报价张浦0.4-3.0mm报价在3.32-3.43万元，太钢0.5-3.0mm报价在3.25-3.48万元左右。现商场上仍无会集到货，资源继续严重，报价调高后成交状况欠安。商场304冷轧卷报价较9月出厂报价已高出500元左右，在消费旺季降临、商场库存量不大等有利要素的状况下，部分供应商对后市达观。.

地绷簧门也被称为自动门首要依托弹性关开门，地绷簧门的弹性就是所谓的关门速度，弹性大就是关门速度快，弹性小就是关门速度慢些。地绷簧门轨迹用高强度、耐磨铝材制成。首要是由地绷簧、门锁、推手组成。地绷簧门敞开方法有平开门、推拉门等。　　配件要素　　1、地绷簧:：应为不锈钢或铜面，在装置运用前应前后左右速度的开关闭合调整，以便于保用。液压部分不能漏油，也能够运用定门器。　　2、门锁：双面敞开的安全锁。　　3、推手：不锈钢、铝合金或许铜制品。 地绷簧门报价首要决定要素是地绷簧、材料厚度等要素，普通的报价在200-300元一平米之间，高级的能到达上千元。　　地绷簧门特色　　地绷簧门的地绷簧装置精度对其运用寿命影响很大。一切对地绷簧要求较高，一般挑选质量好的地绷簧很要害。 　　地绷簧的质量缺点首要有：本体漏油和地轴偏疼。本体漏油是因为地绷簧铸造加工工艺形成，铸造过程中假如形成砂眼在装置后本体内部液压力加大，而形成漏油现象。地轴偏疼可导致门体装置后违背门扇中心线，尽管经过本体方位调整能够补偿一些质量缺点，可是最好仍是联络生产商予以替换。　　地绷簧运用寿命的完结就是轴心漏油和弹力削弱，假如天轴与地绷簧主轴的轴心连线不严厉笔直地上，门扇的运动就会对地绷簧带来极大的扭力，增大主轴与轴承之间磨损，终究导致轴心漏油。绷簧在长时间拉伸运动后不可避免的会使弹力削弱。　　值得注意的当地　　1、闭门器是装置在门的上面，驱动器装置在门的一侧。地绷簧装置在门的下面。一般来讲运用阐明上会有相关装置阐明。　　2、地绷簧防火门不是一搬的地绷簧门，也不是一般的防火门，更不是一般的玻璃门。而是按防火的要求把防火玻璃装置在合格的防火门框内，门框四周运用防火防烟条，处理了普通地绷簧门不能作防火门用，又处理了普通防火门不能制成地绷簧门，是一种新式的防火门。

热浸镀铝锌硅熔液中铁与铝的反应性很强也反映在对熔锅中钢带的腐蚀速度很快。经验表明，0.4mm的钢带在锅内浸泡30min就会严重腐蚀，强度很低，浸泡60min就会完全被腐蚀墁。这给生产中穿带后焊接和处理事故的时间提出了很高的要求，必须保证浸泡在锅内的钢带控制在一定的哪司内，如不及时将钢带前移一段距离就会造成锅内断带的事故，带来麻烦。一般要求0.3mm的钢带每l0min必须移动一次，0.4mm的钢带每l5min必须移动一次，0.6mm的钢带每20min必须移动一次。对钢带腐蚀作用最强的是在液面上，如发生锅内断带不能将钢带返回炉内，否则会造成炉辊的粘渣，带来更大的麻烦，可以用钳子将液面下的钢带拉出并剪去不良部分后继续焊接。

澳大利亚研制出铝冷轧机板型控制新技术澳大利亚工业自动化服务公司日前开发研制出铝冷轧机板型控制新技术，采用铝板带边部热喷淋技术来控制板型，并已成功应用于美国纳西州诺兰达公司的六重铝冷轧机改造。据了解，该技术的铝板带边部热喷淋控制系统由计算机控制软件和边部热喷淋系统组成，在铝板带两边的每一边按装有两个热喷淋装置，每个装置上的喷咀控制范围为25mm区段，由几个喷咀组成一个整体，在轧机工作时实施边部热喷淋，从而决了铝板带边部紧的板型缺陷，提高了轧制速度，增加了每个道次的金属通过量。

不锈钢是以超过60％的铁为基体，加入络、镍、钼等合金元素的高合金钢，其最大特点是耐腐蚀能力较强，但不锈钢并非绝对不生锈。在沿海地区或某些空气污染严重的地方，当空气中氯离子含量较大时，暴露在大气中的不锈钢表面可能会有一些锈斑，但这些锈斑只限于表面，不会侵蚀不锈钢内部基体。 　　不锈钢的种类很多，按其组织分类有：奥氏体钢、铁素体钢、马氏体钢、双向不锈钢（奥氏体＋铁素体）。不锈钢大多数带有磁性，因此，用磁体吸附不是鉴别不锈钢的科学方法。 　　根据各种不锈钢的固有特性，福德太阳能热水器选用强度低，但抗锈蚀能力强、无磁性的奥氏体304钢材做水箱内胆；选用抗锈蚀能力略低，但强度高、有磁性的铁素体430钢材做支架。

板带冷轧机这一多质量、旋转运动体系统，在其高速、瞬态轧制过程中，时常会发生轧机振动现象。当轧制工艺、设备和控制等参数配合良好时，这种振动现象并不会明确体现。但是，一旦轧机运行状态超出对产品的精度要求或设备的承受能力，便会导致轧机振动的频繁发生。在带钢冷连轧过程中经常出现的传动系统扭转振动、垂直振动及垂扭耦合振动等振动形式中，以垂向系统的三倍频振动危害较大，它轻则会对轧件产品的板厚-板形质量指标造成不良的影响，重则会导致轧机设备的损害。　　　　北京科技大学的学者针对高速铝板轧制过程中频繁出现的冷轧机垂直振动现象，结合轧制工艺润滑原理和机械振动理论，建立基于辊缝动态摩擦方程的轧机垂直振动模型。该模型由辊缝几何形状模型，轧辊-轧件工作界面的动态摩擦模型，变形区内的正向轧制应力、摩擦应力分布模型，以及单机架铝板冷轧机二自由度垂向系统结构模型组成。同时，为研究轧辊--轧件工作界面动态摩擦机制影响下的冷轧机垂振机理及系统稳定性，采用某厂单机架铝轧机设备及工艺参数，搭建Matlab/Simulink平台，分别模拟仿真轧制压力和正向轧制应力曲线，验证该模型的有效性；并讨论分析了变形区混合摩擦状态，轧辊--轧件表面粗糙度、轧件入口厚度与系统稳定性的关系。

中色万基铝加工有限公司1450冷轧机试车成功12月16日23时45分，中色万基铝加工有限公司1450冷轧机一次带料试车成功。靠前卷厚度为0.7mm、重达5吨的铸轧卷以36米/秒的轧速通过冷轧机，10分钟后，顺利地完成了靠前道次，变为0.5mm。12月18日上午，中色万基1450冷轧线试生产开机仪式在冷轧部隆重举行。河南省委常委、洛阳市委书记孙善武及新安县四大领导班子参加了开机仪式。院党委书记张策、中色科技总经理吴跃武、副总经理刘劲波、王思臣、余铭臬和工业所、装备所领导及相关人员也参加了开机仪式。中色万基副懂事长王清凯主持开机仪式。中色万基总经理郭峰介绍了中色万基的建设情况。在仪式上，院党委书记张策代表懂事长王京海宣读了董事会贺信。在阵阵鞭炮声中，市委书记孙善武按动了开关，冷轧机徐徐转动，现场响起了热烈的掌声。1450冷轧机带料试车成功，掀开了中色万基铝板带工程建设史上新的一页，为喜迎新年献上了一份厚礼。下一阶段，中色万基将进行冷轧机及相关设备的安装调试。建设者们表示，公司上下要以取得的成绩为新起点，总结经验，再接再励，连续作战，继续扎实、细致的做好各项工作，为早日创造经济效益再立新功

本标准与引用标准及国标相近牌号对照表 表A.1Q/BQB 302-2003DIN1614－2 －86EN111－77EN10111 －1998JIS G 3131 －1996GB 710－91 /GB 711－88DD11（StW22） SPHCStW22FeP11DD11SPHC08DD12（StW23） SPHDRRStW23FeP12DD12SPHD08或08AlDD13（StW24） SPHEStW24FeP13DD13SPHE08Al附加说明: 本标准与DIN1614－2:1986、EN10111:1998和JIS G3131:1996的一致性程度为非等效。 本标准代替Q/BQB 302－1999。 本标准与Q/BQB 302－1999相比主要变化如下： —— 规范性引用文件中引用了Q/BQB300-2003、Q/BQB301-2003、GB/T 8170－1987； —— 按EN10111将牌号修改为DD11、DD12和DD13，并删除了牌号UStW23； —— SPHC、SPHD的公称厚度扩大为≤16mm，并增加相应的厚度允许偏差； —— 增加了表面处理方式和表面质量级别； —— 按EN10111修改了牌号DD系列的Mn含量规定，并将屈服强度参考值改为规定值； —— 增加了弯曲试验仲裁时的试样宽度； —— 对于热轧酸洗表面钢板及钢带，厚度扩大为≤6mm； —— 将钢带允许带有的缺陷部分不得超过每卷总长度“8％”修改为“6％”； —— 修改了力学性能和工艺性能的组批规定和复验规定。

登电集团铝加工有限公司新上马的一台￠360/960×1450mm冷轧机于9月份试车成功，10月份将步入正常生产阶段。　　该公司于1997年开始筹建，拥有￠680×1600mm铸轧机两台，￠1000×1850mm铸轧机两台，￠380/1050×1800mm四重不可逆全液压冷轧机一台，年生产板、带、箔能力可达6万吨。公司原有的￠380/1050×1800mm冷轧机生产品种单一，不能满足用户的需求，尤其是生产窄料时成本高，降低了公司的利润空间。为了满足用户要求，公司决定新上一台￠360/960×1450mm冷轧机，专门生产窄料。公司在流动资金十分困难的情况下，多方筹措资金，克服重重困难，在2006年5月份开始安装￠360/960×1450mm冷轧机，7月底安装结束，创造了国内轧机安装较短时间之较。这台轧机主机电机功率大，冷却系统全部采用水冷式冷却，较大的轧制力可减少轧制道次，能够提高生产率，有效降低了窄料的生产成本。    该轧机设计轧制较薄厚度为0.08mm,试车时轧制到了0.06mm。目前，正计划投入使用，以后将以生产PS版基坯料为主。该轧机的投产，对产品的多元化、调整产品结构及新产品开发有着积极的推进作用，将会为铝加工公司创造一个新的经济增长点。

金属材料详细分类 普通钢板： 热板、热卷、冷板、冷卷、酸洗板、酸洗卷、热连轧钢板、碳素结构钢和低合金结构钢热轧厚钢板、碳素结构钢和低合金结构热轧薄钢板、碳素结构钢和低合金结构冷轧薄钢板、优质碳素结构钢热轧薄钢板、优质碳素结构钢热轧薄弱钢板、优质碳素结构钢冷轧薄弱钢板、合金结构钢热轧厚钢板、合金结构钢薄钢板、高强度结构钢热处理和控轧钢板. 专用钢板：  花纹板标准弹簧钢热轧薄钢板、碳素工具钢热轧钢板、高速工具钢钢板、耐热钢板、铜钢复合钢板、厚度方向性能钢板、花纹钢板、深冲压用冷轧薄钢板、汽车制造用优质碳素结构热轧钢板、汽车大梁用热轧钢板、犁壁用热轧三层钢板、锅炉用钢板、锅炉用碳素钢和低合金钢板、压力容器用碳素钢和低合金钢厚钢板、低温压力容器用低合金钢钢板、低温压力容器用低合金厚钢板、焊接气瓶用钢板、压缩机阀片用热轧薄钢板、塑料模具用热轧厚钢板、日用搪瓷用冷轧薄钢板、200L油桶用热轧碳素结构钢薄钢板、200L油桶用冷轧薄钢板和热镀锌薄钢板、多层压力容器用低合金钢板、焊接结构用耐候钢板、高耐候结构钢板、船体用结构钢板、电磁纯铁热轧厚板、冷弯波形钢板、压焊钢格栅板、建筑用压型钢板、电工用热轧硅钢薄钢板、冷轧电工钢带、电磁纯铁冷轧薄板、钛—钢复合板、镍-钢复合钢板. 钢带（带钢）： 热轧钢带、冷轧钢带、热连轧钢带、碳素结构钢和低合金结构钢热轧钢带、碳素结构钢和低合金结构热轧和冷轧钢带、优质碳素结构钢热轧宽钢带、优质碳素结构钢热轧钢带、优质碳素结构钢冷轧钢带、高强度结构钢热处理和控轧钢带、深冲压用冷轧钢带、汽车制造用优质碳素结构热轧钢带、犁壁用热轧宽钢带、日用搪瓷用冷轧钢带、晶粒取向硅钢（片）薄钢带、碳素结构钢冷轧钢带；碳素结构钢和低合金结构钢热轧钢带；优质碳素结构钢热轧钢带；优质碳素结构钢冷轧钢带；低碳钢冷轧钢带；热处理弹簧钢带；弹簧钢、工具钢冷轧钢带；压力容器用热轧钢带；自行车链条用冷轧钢带；自行车用热轧碳素钢和低合金钢宽带及钢板；自行车用冷轧碳素宽钢带和钢板；自行车用热轧钢带；自行车用冷轧钢带；手表用碳素工具钢冷轧钢带；刮脸刀片用冷轧钢带；工业链条用冷轧钢带；锯条用冷轧钢带；机器锯条用高速工具钢热轧钢带；铠装电缆用冷轧钢带；铠装电缆用钢带；灯头用冷轧钢带；金属软管用碳素钢冷轧钢带；包装用钢带、焊接钢管用钢带. 普通型钢： 工字钢、槽钢、角钢（角铁）、圆钢和方钢、扁钢、六角钢和八角钢、L型钢、H型钢和T型钢、异型钢. 专用型钢： 结构钢、工具钢、轴承钢、重轨及重轨配件、轻轨、起重机钢轨、电梯导轨、球扁钢、矿用工字钢、农用复合钢、银亮钢、钢桩钢、支撑钢、中空钢、模具钢、气瓶料、工业纯铁、成品钎钢、标准件用钢、履带板用型钢、拖拉机大梁用槽钢、船用锚链圆钢、齿轮钢、电工钢、合金圆钢、轮网钢、复合扁钢、冷弯型钢、冷拉型钢、U形C形Z形型钢、耐热耐候耐腐蚀钢. 线材： 螺纹钢、镀锌线、普线、高线、铁线、弹簧钢丝、盘圆（条）、焊线、优线、硬线、普碳圆钢、冷拉带肋钢筋、冷拉扭钢筋、直条、铁丝、冷拔丝. 不锈钢： 不锈型材、不锈线材、不锈钢板、不锈卷板、不锈钢管、不锈无缝管、不锈焊管、不锈带钢、不锈钢丝、不锈钢丝绳、不锈钢坯、不锈钢金属制品、不锈直条、不锈弯头、不锈薄壁钢管、不锈钢复合钢板、不锈钢棒、不锈钢热轧钢带、不锈钢和耐热钢冷轧钢带、弹簧用不锈钢冷轧钢带、磁头用不锈钢冷轧钢带、彩色显像管弹簧用不锈钢冷轧钢带、手表用不锈钢冷轧钢带； 无缝钢管： 普通无缝钢管、方形管、矩形管、结构用无缝钢管、输送流体用无缝管、冷拔或冷轧精密无缝管、冷拔无缝异型钢管、汽车半轴套管用无缝管、船舶用碳钢和碳锰钢无缝钢管、柴油机用高压无缝管、低中压锅炉用无缝管、液压和气动缸筒用精密内径无缝管、高压锅炉用无缝管、化肥设备用高压无缝管、石油裂化用无缝管、金刚石岩芯钻探用无缝管、液压支柱用热轧无缝管； 焊接钢管： 直缝电焊钢管、双层卷焊钢管、低压流体输送用焊接钢管、传动轴用电焊钢管、低压流体输送用大直径电焊钢管、低中压锅炉用电焊钢管、换热器用焊接钢管、带式输送机托辊用电焊钢管、深井水泵用电焊钢管、矿用流体输送电焊钢管、普通碳素钢电线套管、钢窗用电焊异型钢管、吹氧焊管、公制焊管、汽车用管、变压器管、电焊薄壁管、波纹管、石油天然气输送管道用螺旋缝埋弧焊钢管； 镀涂类： 热镀锌钢板（镀锌铁皮或白铁皮）、电镀锌薄钢板、镀铅合金薄钢板（镀铅板）、热镀锡钢板、电镀锡钢板（马口铁）、塑料复合钢板卷、镀铝板卷、镀铬板卷、热镀锌卷、电镀锌卷、热镀锡卷、电镀锡卷、彩涂卷、热镀锌钢带、电镀锌钢带、热镀锡钢带、电镀锡钢带、镀锌电缆钢带、镀锡电缆钢带、涂漆电缆钢带、热镀锌钢管、电镀锌钢管、彩色涂层钢板、彩色涂层钢带、镀铬钢带、低压流体输送用镀锌焊接钢管、P3型镀锌金属软管、单张热镀锌薄钢板、连续热镀锌薄钢板、连续热镀铝硅合金钢板、连续电镀锌冷轧钢板、连续热浸镀锌铝稀土合金镀层钢板、连续热浸镀铝锌硅合金镀层钢板、热镀铅合金冷轧碳素薄钢板、宽度不于700mm连续热镀锌钢带、连续热镀锌钢带、连续热镀铝硅合金钢带、连续电镀锌冷轧钢带、连续热浸镀锌铝稀土合金镀层钢带、连续热浸镀铝锌硅合金镀层钢带、电镀铅锡合金钢带、铠装电缆用镀锌钢带、同轴电缆用电镀锡钢带； 生铁炉料： 炼钢生铁、铸造生铁、球墨铸造用生铁、硅铁、锰铁、铬铁、金属锰、金属铬、锰硅合金、合金、硅铬合金、钼铁、钨铁、钒铁、钛铁、复合铁合金、铁矿、锰矿、普废钢、不锈废钢、煤炭、焦炭、焦副产品、耐材、电解锰、稀土、稀土镁、稀土硅、水渣、碳素、辅料； 有色金属： 电解铜、铜锭、铜管、铜带、铜棒；铝锭、铝板、铝管、铝带、铝棒；铅锭、铅板；锡锭、焊锡；镍板；锌；锑；镁：钨；钼；稀有金属； 金属制品： 钢丝、钢丝绳、钢绞线、型材制品、标准件； 其他钢材： 钢锭、铸铁管、钢坯、板坯、方坯、管坯、车轮、轮箍、盘件、环件、车轴坯、锻件坯、钢球料、铁路用尖轨补强板； 板材类： 冷板、热薄板、中板、厚板、冷卷、热卷、冷轧盒板、热轧盒板、锰板、开平板、锅炉板、容器板、弹簧板、模具板、碳结板、低合金板、刃具板、硅钢片、镀锌板、镀锡板、花纹板、彩涂板、带钢、船板、合金板、板坯、波形板、薄板、彩钢保温板、彩钢瓦、彩色压型板、彩涂卷板、纯铁板、大梁板、弹簧带、镀锌带、镀锌盒板、镀锌卷板、镀锌瓦、复合板、高强板、合工板、 合结板、盒板、花纹卷板、集装箱板、卷板、烤兰带、拉伸板、磨砂板、耐候板、耙片板、桥梁板、酸洗板、酸洗卷、碳工板； 管材类： 焊管、无缝管、镀锌管、螺旋管、方管、矩管、锅炉管、合金管、流体管、高频焊管、冷拔管、结构管、地质管、复合管、厚壁管、铸铁管、热轧管、裂化管、异形管、穿线管、半轴管、保温管、波纹管、薄壁管、船舶用管、吹氧管、大棚管、电线管、钢塑管、高压管、化肥管、架子管、平椭圆、球墨管、石油管、托辊管、椭圆、液体管、异型管、轴承管； 型材类： 工字钢、槽钢、角钢、方钢、扁钢、H型钢、圆钢、轻轨、重轨、C型钢、T型钢、U型钢、V型钢、Z型钢、π型钢、槽帮钢、道轨、吊车轨、工业轨、六角钢、内卷边槽钢、起重轨、碳结钢、斜腿钢、爪型钢； 线材类： 螺纹钢、普线、高线、弹簧钢丝、盘圆、镀锌线、直条、钢丝、钢纤维、高工丝、黑光线、回火线、琴钢丝、软线、碳工钢丝、碳结钢丝、铁线； 优特钢类： 碳结钢、合结钢、高工钢、合工钢、轴承钢、模具钢、弹簧钢、齿轮钢、碳工钢、刮板钢、低合金钢、叉梁钢、纯铁棒、挡板钢、低碳钢、电工钢、管线钢、焊瓶钢、结构钢、矿工钢、链条钢、耐候钢、优碳钢、轧辊钢、中空钢； 不锈钢类： 不锈板、不锈管、不锈棒、不锈丝、不锈方管、不锈角钢、不锈六角钢、不锈毛细管、不锈毛衣针管、不锈盘圆、不锈坯料管、不锈汽车尾气管、不锈三通、不锈手表管、不锈天线管、不锈弯头、不锈医疗用管、不锈饮食用管、不锈直条、不锈注射针管； 有色金属： 铜、铝、铅、锌、锡、镍、钴、锑、铋、镁、镉、钛、稀贵金属； 炉料类： 钼铁、钛铁、钨铁、钒铁、高铬、中铬、低铬、微铬、金属铬、高锰、中锰、低锰、金属锰、电解锰、硅铁、、硅锰、铸造生铁、工业硅、稀土镁、稀土硅、纯铁、氮化铬、氮化锰、锆砂、锆英砂、铬铁、硅、硅粒、、粉、硅铝铁、硅铁粉、硅铁粒、硅微粉、炼钢生铁、磷铁、锰铁、铌铁、硼铁、球墨生铁、石墨、石墨电极、石墨坩埚； 其它类： 钢锭、鱼尾板、道岔、方坯、钢坯、钢丝绳、板块、法兰、封头、钢板网、管坯、焊条、火车轴、汽车边框、汽车上沿钢、汽车下沿钢、弯头.

JIS（Japanese Industrial Standard）标准是由日本工业标准调查会（Japanese Industrial Standard Committee 缩写JISC）制定的。 JIS标准各类钢管产品标准由标准代号、字母类号、数字类号、序号、制定（或修订）年份组成见下表。1 JISC J1S G0582—2004 日本钢管的超声波探伤检验 2 JISC JIS G0583—2004 用环形盘绕法对日本钢管进行涡流探伤检验 3 JISC JIS G0584—2004 电弧焊日本钢管的超声波探伤检验 4 JISC JIS G3132—1990 日本钢管用热轧碳素钢带 5 JISC JIS G3429—1988 高压气体容器用无缝日本钢管 6 JISC JIS G3439—1988 油井用无缝日本钢管 7 JISC JIS G3441—1988 机械结构用合金钢日本钢管 8 JISC JIS G3442—2004 普通管系用镀锌日本钢管 9 JISC JIS G3443—2004 输水用涂覆日本钢管 10 JISC JIS G3444—1994 一般结构用碳素日本钢管 11 JISC JIS G3445—1988 普通结构用碳素钢铡管 12 JISC JIS G3446—1994 机械结构用不锈钢日本钢管 13 JISC JIS G3447—1994 卫生用不锈钢日本钢管 14 JISC JIS G3448—2004 普通管路用轻型不锈钢日本钢管 15 JISC JIS G3451—1987 输水管路用涂层日本钢管的异型管件 16 JISC JIS G3452—2004 普通管系用碳素日本钢管 17 JISC JIS G3454—1988 压力管路用碳素钢日本钢管 18 JISC JIS G3455-1988 高压管路用碳素钢日本钢管 19 JISC JIS G3456—2004 高温管路用碳素日本钢管 20 JISC JIG G3457—1988 管路用电弧焊接碳素钢日本钢管 21 JISC JIS G3458—1988 管路用合金钢日本钢管 22 JISC JIS G3459—2004 不锈钢日本钢管 23 JISC JIS G3460-1988 低温管路用日本钢管 24 JISC JIS G3461—1988 锅炉与热交换器用碳素钢日本钢管 25 JISC JIS G3462—2004 锅炉与热交换器用合金钢日本钢管 26 JISC JIS G3463-1994 锅炉与热交换器用不锈钢日本钢管 27 JISC JIS G3464—1988 低温热交换器用日本钢管 28 JISC JIS G3465—1988 钻探用无缝日本钢管 29 JISC JIS G3466-1988 普通结构用方形碳日本钢管 30 JISC JIS G3467—1988 加热炉用日本钢管 31 JISC JIS G3468—2004 大口径焊接不锈日本钢管 32 JISC JIS G3469-2002 聚乙烯覆层日本钢管 33 JISC JIS G3472—1988 汽车结构用电阻焊碳素钢日本钢管 34 JISC JIS 63473—1988 汽缸套用碳素钢日本钢管 35 JISC JIS G3474-1995 塔结构用高强度钢日本钢管 36 JISC JIS 63475-1996 建筑结构用碳素日本钢管 37 JISC JIS G5201-1991 焊接结构用离心铸日本钢管 38 JISC JIS G5202-1991 高温高压装置用离心铸日本钢管 39 JISC JIS G5526-1998 可锻铸铁管 40 JISC JIS G5528-1984 球墨铸铁管内壁环氧树脂的涂布方法 41 JISC JIS G7215—2003 机械用光端无缝日本钢管(ISO 规范) 42 JISC JIS G7216—2003 光端无缝精密日本钢管．交货技术条件(ISO 规范) 43 JISC JIS G7217—2003 光端焊接精密日本钢管．交货技术条件(ISO 规范) 44 JIS G7218—2003 焊后定径光端精密日本钢管．交货技术条件(ISO 规范) 45 JISC JIS G7219—2003 承压用无缝日本钢管．交货技术条件．第1部分：规定室温特性的非合金钢(ISO 规范) 46 JISC JIS G7220—2003 承压用无缝日本钢管．交货技术条件．第2部分：规定高温特性的非合金钢及合金钢(ISO 规范) 47 JISC JIS G7221—2003 承压用无缝日本钢管．交货技术条件．第3部分：规定低温特性的非合金钢及合金钢(ISO 规范) 48 JISC JIS G7222—2003 承压用无缝日本钢管．交货技术条件．第4部分：奥氏体不锈钢(ISO 规范) 49 JISC JIS G7223—2003 承压用焊接日本钢管．交货技术条件．第l 部分：规定高温特性的非合金日本钢管(ISO 规范) 50 JISC JIS G7224—2003 承压用焊接日本钢管．交货技术条件．第2部分：规定室温特性的电阻焊接和感应焊接非合金日本钢管和合金日本钢管(ISO 规范) 51 JISC JIS G7225—2003 承压用焊接日本钢管．交货技术条件．第3部分：规定低温特性的电阻焊接和感应焊接非合金日本钢管和合金日本钢管(ISO 规范) 52 JISC JIS G7226—2003 承压用焊接日本钢管．交货技术条件．第6 部分：纵向焊接的奥氏体不锈日本钢管(ISO 规范) 53 JISC JIS BO151-2001 铁管和日本钢管配件．词汇 54 JISC JIS B2220—2004 日本钢管法兰 55 JISC JIS B2302—1998 螺旋式日本钢管配件 56 JISC JIS C8305—1999 硬日本钢管道 57 JISC JIS C8380—1993 架空索道用塑料涂层日本钢管 58 JISC JIS D3607-1-2002 柴油发动机。高压燃料喷射管用日本钢管。第1部分: 无缝冷拔单壁管的要求 59 JISC JIS D3607-2-2002 柴油发动机。高压燃料喷射管用日本钢管。第2部分: 复合管的要求 60 JISC JIS F0507—1992 小船．日本钢管．应用 61 JISC JIS F3021-1968 船上日本钢管弯头 62 JISC JIS F3022—1978 船上安装日本钢管用U 形螺栓 63 JISC JIS F7810—1995 造船焊接．日本钢管用套筒型接头 64 JISC JIS Z3323—2003 不锈日本钢管状焊丝  材 料 名 称日本牌号组成 铸铁1. 灰口铸铁件2. 球墨铸铁件3. 黑心可锻铸铁件4. 白心可锻铸铁件5. 珠光体可锻铸铁件FC+最低抗拉强度值，例：FC15FCD+最低抗拉强度值，例：FCD40FCMB+最低抗拉强度值，例：FCMB32FCMW+（P）+最低抗拉强度值，例：FCMW34FCMP+最低抗拉强度值，例：FCMP45 铸铁铸  钢1. 碳素钢铸件2. 结构用高强度碳钢及低合金钢铸件3. 合金钢铸件4. 不锈钢铸件5. 耐热钢铸件SC+最低抗拉强度值SC+C+序号SC+元素符号+数字序号SCS+数字序号SCH+数字序号铸  钢钢材1.碳素结构钢S+含碳量+字母代号（C，CK）例：S09C，S09CK钢材2.合金结构钢S+主要合金元素符号+合金元素含量标记+碳含量代表值＋符号字母 3.不锈及耐热钢S+钢种符号+数字顺序号，例：SUS301 4.弹簧钢SUP+顺序号，例：SUP3 5.含铬轴承钢SUJ+顺序号，例：SUJ1 6.工具钢S+钢种符号+顺序号，例：SK1，SK7，SKS2，SKD4 7.电工用硅钢S（或G）+最大铁损值（序号）+尾注     JIS标准中钢铁产品牌号字母代号见下表。  代   号名  称代   号名      称00A××××无方向性电磁钢带SCP-R波纹钢管CaSi铁合金SCP-RS波纹钢管D?球墨铸铁管SCPH高温高压用钢铸件DFDPFFBFCFCDFCMBFCMPFCMWFCrFMnFMoFNbFNiFPFSiFTiFVFW00G×××MCMCrMMnMPMSiNCF××BNCF××TB可锻铸铁异型管件可锻铸铁管硼铁灰口铸铁件球墨铸铁件黑心可锻铸铁件珠光体可锻铸铁件白心可锻铸铁件铬铁合金锰铁合金钼铁合金铌铁合金镍铁合金磷铁合金硅铁合金钛铁合金钒铁合金钨铁合金普通方向性电磁薄钢板及钢带铸造永磁铁金属铬金属锰粉末永磁铁金属硅耐蚀耐热超级合金棒热交换器用无缝镍铬铁合金管SCPH-CFSCPLSCrSCSSCSiMnSCWSCW-CFSDSDPSECCTSECDSECEDSEHCSEHDSEHESEVSFSFBSFCMSFLSFNCMSFVASFVCSFVQSGSGD高温高压用离心铸钢管低温低压用钢铸件铬合金钢钢材不锈钢铸件结构用高强度硅锰钢铸件焊接结构用离心钢铸件II焊接结构用离心铸钢管钢筋混凝土用钢棒（异形）瓦垄钢板电镀锌薄钢板及钢带（抗拉试验）电镀锌冷轧冲压薄钢板及钢带非时效冲压冷轧电镀锌薄钢板及钢带电镀锌热轧薄钢板及钢带冲压电镀锌热轧薄钢板及钢带深冲压电镀锌热轧薄钢板及钢带中常温压力容器用高强度钢板碳素钢锻件碳素钢锻件用坯一般用铬钼钢锻件低温压力容器用锻件一般用镍铬钼钢锻件高温压力容器用合金钢锻件压力容器用碳素钢铸件压力容器用调质合金钢锻件高压气罐用钢板及钢带磨光钢棒用一般碳素钢钢材NCF××TFNCF××TPP×××00P×××S××S××FSBVS××CSXXC?CSPSA×CSACMSA×DSA×ESAPHSBSB?MSBCSBPDSBPRSCSCCSCCrMSCGSCHSCMSCMnSCMnCrSCMnHSCMnMSCMVSCNCrMSCP?ASCP?ESCP?PSPCESPCENSPFCSPFHSPGASPGCSPGDSPGDDSPGHSPGRSPGSSPGWSPHCSPHDSPHESPHTSPPSPTESPTFSSPVSQVSRSRBSRRSSSSCSTAM××GSTAM××HSTBSTBASTBLSTCSTFSTFASTHSTKSTKMSTKRSTKSSTM?CSTM?RSTOSTPASTPGSTPLSTPTSTPYSTSSUH?BSUH?CPSUH?CSSUH?HPSUH?HSSUJ加热炉用无缝镍铬铁合金管无缝镍铬铁合金配管磁极钢板高方向性电磁薄钢板和钢带冷轧无取向硅钢带热轧无取向硅钢带锅炉压力容器用锰钼和锰钼镍钢板 机械结构用碳素钢材弹簧用冷轧钢带热浸镀铝薄钢板铝铬钼合金钢铁热浸镀铝薄钢板热浸镀铝薄钢板机动车用热轧结构钢板和钢带锅炉和压力容器用碳钢和钼合金钢板锅炉和压力容器用碳钢和钼合金钢板链条用圆钢预应力混凝土用圆钢棒预应力混凝土用异形钢棒碳素钢铸件结构用高强碳素钢铸件结构用高强低合金钢铸件着色镀锌薄钢板耐热钢铸件铬钼合金钢钢材结构用高强度锰钢铸件结构用高强度锰铬钢铸件高锰钢铸件结构用高强度锰钼钢铸件锅炉及压力容器用铬钼合金钢板结构用高强度镍铬钼钢铸件波纹钢管波纹钢管波纹钢管深冲用冷轧碳钢薄板及带非时效性深冲冷轧碳钢薄板及带机动车用成型性好的冷轧高强度钢板及钢带机动车用成型性好的热轧高强度钢板及钢带建筑用镀银薄钢板一般用镀锌薄钢板冲压用镀锌薄钢板深冲用镀锌薄钢板一般波纹板用镀锌薄钢板屋面用镀锌薄钢板结构用镀锌薄钢板建筑波纹板用镀锌薄钢板一般用热轧钢板及钢带冲压用热轧软钢板及钢带深冲用热轧软钢板及钢带钢管用热轧碳素钢带搪瓷脱碳钢薄板及钢带电镀锡钢板及原板无锡镀铬钢材压力容器用钢板压力容器用调质锰钼钢和锰钼镍钢板钢筋混凝土用圆钢棒再生碳素钢钢材再生钢筋棒材一般结构用轧制钢材一般结构用冷轧轻型型钢机动车用电阻焊碳素钢钢管机动车用电阻焊碳素钢钢管（高屈服强度）锅炉热交换器用碳素钢钢管锅炉热交换器用合金钢钢管低温热交换器用钢管汽筒用碳素钢钢管加热炉用碳素钢钢管加热炉用合金钢钢管高压气体容器用无缝钢管一般结构用碳素钢钢管机械结构用碳素钢钢管一般结构用方形钢管结构用合金钢钢管钻探用无缝钢管（套管）钻探用无缝钢管（钻杆）油井用无缝钢管配管用合金钢钢管压力配管用碳钢钢管低温配管用钢管高温配管用碳钢钢管配管用电弧焊碳钢钢管高压配管用碳钢钢管耐热钢线材耐热钢冷轧板和薄板耐热钢冷轧钢带耐热钢热轧板和薄板耐热钢热轧钢带高碳含铬轴承钢钢材SGPSGPWSGVSHKSHYSHY××NSHY××NSSHY××NS-FSiCrSiMnSKSKO-CSPSKCSKDSKHSKKSKSSKTSKYSLASL?NSMSMASMnSMnCSNBSNCSNCMSPA-CSPA-HSPBSPCCSPCCTSPCDSUMSUPSUP-CSPSUS-BSUS-CSUS-CASUS-CBSUS-CPSUS-CPSUS-CSSUS-CSPSUS-FSUS-FBSUS-HASUS-HPSUS-TBSUS-TBSSUS-TFSUS-TKSUS-TPSUS-TPDSUS-TPYSUS-WSUS-WPSUS-WRSUS-WSSUS-YSUYBSUYPSVSWSWCDSWCHSWCRSWHSWMSWMCSWMGSWMVSWOSWOCV-VSWOSC-VSWOSMSWO-MSWPSWPDSWPRSWRCHSWRHSWRMSWRSSWRYSWYSY碳素钢配管镀锌水管压力容器用钢板H形钢桩}焊接结构用高屈服强度钢钢板 硅铬铁合金硅锰铁合金碳素工具钢冷轧弹簧钢中空钢钢材合金工具钢钢材高速工具钢钢材钢管桩专用合金工具钢钢材锻造用合金工具钢钢材钢管板桩低温压力容器用碳素钢钢板低温压力容器用镍钢钢板焊接结构用轧材焊接结构用耐候热轧钢材机械结构用锰合金钢钢材机械结构用锰铬合金钢钢材特殊铆接用合金钢棒镍铬钢钢材镍铬钼钢材高耐候性冷轧钢材高耐候性热轧钢材镀锡钢板的原板一般用冷轧碳钢薄板及带一般用冷轧碳钢薄板及带（抗拉试验）冲压用冷轧碳素钢薄板及带易切削碳素钢钢材弹簧钢钢材冷轧弹簧钢钢带不锈钢棒材涂装不锈钢薄板（单面）冷轧成形不锈钢等边角钢冷精加工不锈钢棒材涂装不锈钢薄板（双面）冷轧不锈钢板冷轧不锈钢带冷轧不锈弹簧钢带压力容器用不锈锻件锻件用不锈钢坯热轧不锈钢等边角钢热轧不锈钢钢板及薄钢锅炉热交换器用不锈钢钢管卫生管道用不锈钢钢管加热炉用不锈钢钢管机械结构用不锈钢钢管配管用不锈钢钢管一般配管用不锈钢钢管大口径电弧焊不锈钢配管不锈钢钢丝弹簧用不锈钢钢丝不锈钢盘条冷锻用不锈钢线材焊接用不锈钢线材电磁软铁棒电磁软铁板铆钉用圆钢冷拉高碳钢钢丝预应力钢筋混凝土用冷拉高碳钢圆线材冷镦用碳素钢线材预应力钢筋混凝土用冷拉高碳钢异形线材一般结构用焊接轻型H型钢低碳钢钢丝着色涂装钢丝铠装电缆用低碳钢镀锌线材聚氯乙烯涂覆彩色钢丝阀弹簧用碳钢油浴回火钢丝阀弹簧用铬钒合金钢油浴回火钢丝阀弹簧用硅铬合金钢油浴回火钢丝油回火硅锰合金钢弹簧钢丝阀弹簧用碳钢油回火钢丝琴钢丝预应力钢筋混凝土用钢丝和钢绞线（异型线）预应力钢筋混凝土用钢丝和钢绞线（圆线）冷顶锻用碳钢线材高碳钢盘条低碳钢盘条琴钢丝用盘条涂药电焊条芯用盘条涂药电焊条芯线热轧钢板桩  注：上表中00表示牌号头的数字代号，××表示数字代号。

锰钢板价格,价格行情相对比较稳定，小编带你先来了解一下锰钢的定义和用途。锰钢是一种高强度的钢材，主要用于需要承受冲击、挤压、物料磨损等恶劣工况条件。最重要的特点是在强烈的冲击、挤压条件下，表层迅速发生加工硬化现象，使其在心部仍保持奥氏体良好的韧性和塑性的同时硬化层具有良好的耐磨性能。这是其它材料所不及的。铸造耐磨钢和抗磨钢以奥氏体锰钢为主，在一定的条件下经适当热处理的低合金钢也有很好的效果，石墨钢则用于润滑摩擦的工况条件。  耐磨高锰钢特别适用于冲击磨料磨损和高应力碾碎磨料磨损工况，常用于制造球磨机衬板，锤式破碎机锤头，颚式破碎机颚板，圆锥破碎机轧臼壁、破碎壁，挖掘机斗齿、斗壁，铁道道岔，拖拉机和坦克的履带板等抗冲击、抗磨损的铸件。高锰钢还用于：防弹钢板，保险箱钢板等。焊缝金属含Mn、Cr、Ni等合金，焊缝金属无磁性。耐蚀性、强韧性极好、抗高温及加工硬化等特点。焊接工艺好，交直流两用。直流施焊为佳，可焊接各种合金钢如弹簧钢、高锰钢、42CrMo、38CrMoAl螺杆、铸钢齿轮及双相不锈钢（2205）等。还可用于异种钢焊接。焊前焊条200℃烘焙1h，焊接时宜小电流施焊.注意通风.65Mn钢具有较高的硬度，淬透性好，脱碳倾向少，价格低廉，切削性好等优点，但它有过热敏感性，易产生淬火裂纹，并有回火脆性，65Mn钢用途广泛，主要生产成钢丝，钢带、用于制造各种截面较少的扁，圆弹簧，板簧和弹簧片等。65Mn钢在汽车业，电子业，火车等交通运输工具用量很大。它可制造圆锯片，用以高速切削各类型钢，钢管和钢筋。该材料的用途：该钢可以冷轧成钢板、钢带和钢丝，制作弹簧。65Mn也可以制作成如钳工的凿子、划针等工具。65Mn钢可制作一般截面尺寸为8～15mm左右的小型弹簧如各种小尺寸扁、圆弹簧，底垫弹簧、弹簧发条，也适于制作弹簧环、气门簧、离合器簧片、刹车弹簧等。65Mnj是制作各种板弹簧，丝弹簧的材料之一，汽车、电车、火车等交通运输工具用量很大；在仪表、家具，乃至儿童玩具等制造中也得到广泛应用。更多关于锰钢板价格的信息和资讯，请访问本站锰频道！

一、钢板（包括带钢）的分类：    1、按厚度分类：（1）薄板（2）中板（3）厚板（4）特厚板    2、按生产方法分类：（1）热轧钢板（2）冷轧钢板    3、按表面特征分类:（1）镀锌板（热镀锌板、电镀锌板）（2）镀锡板（3）复合钢板（4）彩色    涂层钢板    4、按用途分类:（1）桥梁钢板（2）锅炉钢板（3）造船钢板（4）装甲钢板（5）汽车钢板（6）    屋面钢板（7）结构钢板（8）电工钢板（硅钢片）（9）弹簧钢板（10）其他    二、普通及机械结构用钢板中常见的日本牌号    1、日本钢材(JIS系列)的牌号中普通结构钢主要由三部分组成第一部分表示材质，如： S    （Steel）表示钢， F（Ferrum）表示铁；第二部分表示不同的形状、种类、用途，如P(Plate)    表示板， T（Tube）表示管,K(Kogu)表示工具；第三部分表示特征数字，一般为最低抗拉强度。    如： SS400——第一个S表示钢(Steel)，第二个S表示“结构”（Structure），400为下限抗拉    强度400MPa，整体表示抗拉强度为400MPa的普通结构钢。    2、SPHC——首位S为钢Steel的缩写，P为板Plate的缩写，H为热 Heat的缩写，C为商业       Commercial的缩写，整体表示一般用热轧钢板及钢带。    3、SPHD——表示冲压用热轧钢板及钢带。    4、SPHE——表示深冲用热轧钢板及钢带。    5、SPCC——表示一般用冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带，相当于中国Q195-215A牌号。其中第三个字母C为冷    Cold的缩写。需保证抗拉试验时，在牌号末尾加T为SPCCT。    6、SPCD——表示冲压用冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带，相当于中国08AL（13237）优质碳素结构钢。    7、SPCE——表示深冲用冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带，相当于中国08AL（5213）深冲钢。需保证非时    效性时，在牌号末尾加N为SPCEN。 冷轧碳素钢薄板及钢带调质代号：退火状态为A，标准调质为    S，1/8硬为8，1/4硬为4，1/2硬为2，硬为1。 表面加工代号：无光泽精轧为D，光亮精轧为B。    如SPCC-SD表示标准调质、无光泽精轧的一般用冷轧碳素薄板。再如SPCCT-SB表示标准调质、光    亮加工，要求保证机械性能的冷轧碳素薄板。    8、JIS机械结构用钢牌号表示方法为：    S+含碳量+字母代号（C、CK），其中含碳量用中间值×100表示，字母C：表示碳 K：表示渗碳用    钢。如碳结卷板S20C其含碳量为0.18-0.23%。    三、我国及日本硅钢片牌号表示方法    1、中国牌号表示方法：    （1）冷轧无取向硅钢带（片）    表示方法：DW+铁损值（在频率为50HZ，波形为正弦的磁感峰值为1.5T的单位重量铁损值。）的    100倍+厚度值的100倍。 如DW470-50 表示铁损值为4.7w/kg，厚度为0.5mm的冷轧无取向硅钢，    现新型号表示为50W470。    （2）冷轧取向硅钢带（片）    表示方法：DQ+铁损值（在频率为50HZ，波形为正弦的磁感峰值为1.7T的单位重量铁损值。）的    100倍+厚度值的100倍。有时铁损值后加G表示高磁感。 如DQ133-30表示铁损值为1.33，厚度为    0.3mm的冷轧取向硅钢带（片），现新型号表示为30Q133。    （3）热轧硅钢板    热轧硅钢板用DR表示，按硅含量的多少分成低硅钢（含硅量≤2.8%）、高硅钢（含硅量＞    2.8%）。 表示方法：DR+铁损值（用50HZ反复磁化和按正弦形变化的磁感应强度最大值为1.5T时    的单位重量铁损值）的100倍+厚度值的100倍。如DR510-50表示铁损值为5.1，厚度为0.5mm的热    轧硅钢板。家用电器用热轧硅钢薄板的牌号用JDR+铁损值+厚度值来表示，如JDR540-50。    2、日本牌号表示方法：    （1）冷轧无取向硅钢带由公称厚度（扩大100倍的值）+代号A+铁损保证值（将频率50HZ，最大    磁通密度为1.5T时的铁损值扩大100倍后的值）。 如50A470表示厚度为0.5mm，铁损保证值为≤    4.7的冷轧无取向硅钢带。    （2）冷轧取向硅钢带由公称厚度（扩大100倍的值）+代号G：表示普通材料，P：表示高取向性    材料+铁损保证值（将频率50HZ，最大磁通密度为1.7T时的铁损值扩大100倍后的值）。如30G130    表示厚度为0.3mm，铁损保证值为≤1.3的冷轧取向硅钢带。    四、电镀锡板和热镀锌板：    1、电镀锡板    电镀锡薄钢板和钢带，也称马口铁，这种钢板（带）表面镀了锡，有很好的耐蚀性，且无毒，可    用作罐头的包装材料，电缆内外护皮，仪表电讯零件，电筒等小五金