不锈钢热轧钢板是用热轧工艺生产的不锈钢钢板。厚度不大于3mm的为薄板，厚度大于3mm的为厚板用于化工、石油、机械、船舶等行业制造耐蚀零件、容器和设备。其分类和牌号如下： 　　1．奥氏体型钢 　　(1)1Cr17Mn6Ni15N；(2)1Cr18Mn8Ni5N；(3)1Cr18Ni9；(4)1Cr18Ni9Si3；(5)0Cr18Ni9；(6)00Cr19Ni10；(7)0Cr19Ni9N；(8)0Cr19Ni10NbN；(9)00Cr18Ni10N；(10)1Cr18Ni12；(11) 0Cr23Ni13；(12)0Cr25Ni20；(13) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2；(14) 00Cr17Ni14Mo2；(15) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N；(16) 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N；(17) 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti；(18) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti；(19) 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti；(20) 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti；(21) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2；(22) 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2；(23) 0Cr19Ni13Mo3；(24) 00Cr19Ni13Mo3；(25) 0Cr18Ni16Mo5；(26) 1Cr18Ni9Ti；(27) 0Cr18Ni10Ti；(28) 0Cr18Ni11Nb；(29) 0Cr18Ni13Si4 　　2．奥氏体——铁素体型钢 　　(30)0Cr26Ni5Mo2；(31)00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2； 　　3．铁素体型钢 　　(32)0Cr13Al；(33) 00Cr12；(34)1Cr15；(35)1Cr17；(36)1Cr17Mo；(37)00Cr17Mo； (38)00Cr18Mo2；(39)00Cr30Mo2；(40)00Cr27Mo 　　4．马氏体型钢 　　(41)1Cr12；(42)0Cr13；(43)；1Cr13；(44)2Cr13；(45)3Cr13；(46)4Cr13；(47)3Cr16；(48)7Cr17 　　5．沉淀硬化型钢 　　(49)0Cr17Ni7Al热轧板带钢工艺润滑的研究　　一 热轧工艺润滑的主要作用　　1.1 降低摩擦系数，降低轧制力　　由于磨擦系数的减小，使轧制力降低，一般为可降低轧制力10%~25%，这样降低了轧制功率，节约了能耗，。　　1.2 减少轧辊消耗，提高作业率　　热轧条件下，工作轧辊面因与冷却水长期接触发生氧化，形成黑皮，这是造成轧辊异常磨损的主要原因。采用特殊的润滑剂能够有效阻止辊面黑皮的形成，延长轧辊使用寿命，减少换辊次数，提高轧机作业率。　　1.3改善轧后表面质量　　轧辊磨损的降低，黑皮的减少直接改善了轧后板面质量。　　1.4改善制品内部组织性能　　工艺润滑可以使轧后带钢的晶料组织得到改善，提高其深冲性能。　　1.5节能降耗　　采用工艺润滑后，热轧吨钢平均节电3度；酸洗酸液减少0.3~1.0kg；金属消耗降低1.0kg；轧辊的消耗能降低30%~50%。　　二 热轧工艺润滑的机理 　　通常热轧润滑剂是以油水混合液的形式被送到轧辊表面的，水是载体，少量的油均匀分散在水中。油水混合液的作用过程是水包油相向油包水相的转变过程。混合液体到达辊面后，以水包油的形式迅速地在辊面展开，当进入变形区与高温轧件接触时，由于温度和压力的作用，水很快蒸发并转变成油包水相，一部分油燃烧成以灰分为主的燃烧物；一部分油则以油膜的形式均匀地覆盖在轧辊与轧件的接触弧面上，两者在变形区内大约0.01s的时间内都能起到润滑的作用。　　三 热轧工艺润滑剂的选用　　3.1 热轧工艺润滑剂的性能　　3.1.1良好且稳定的润滑性能　　3.1.2良好的润湿性和黏着性，能均匀地分散在轧辊表面并牢固地黏着。　　3.1.3高温下良好的抗氧化性和耐分解性，保证在与轧件接触前不产生燃烧和分解。　　3.1.4良好的抗乳化性和离水展着性。　　3.1.5无毒无味，同时分解中产生的气体也无毒无味，燃烧产物无毒，不污染环境。　　3.2热轧工艺润滑剂的组成及种类　　热轧油有水基和油基两种形式，目前大部分厂家采用油基热轧油。　　一般热轧油由基础油和油性剂两部分组成，基础油有矿物油、聚烯烃、酯类油；油性剂有动、植物油、脂肪酸、高级脂肪酸、合成脂、固体润滑剂等。　　四 热轧工艺润滑对力能参数的影响　　生产中采用上述热轧油后，使得轧制压力显著降低15%~30%；轧辊消耗减少可达50%；节能减少近10%。　　采用不同类型的热轧油进行热轧普碳钢工艺润滑效果实验，测量轧制压力并与无工艺润滑的轧制条件的轧制力作比较，结果见下表　　表： 不同类型热轧油的润滑效果　　热轧油类型 轧制压力下降%　　Q-HB-1905 32.5 　　HR-40 21.2 　　Q-HB-11 20.8 　　脂肪油 40　　由表可看出，脂肪油表现出较好的降低轧制力的能力，但脂肪油也存在致命缺陷，如轧后钢板表面的清洁性较差；另外脂肪油在高温条件下油烟较重，恶化工作环境。另外不同种类的添加剂降低轧制压力也明显不同，影响效果如图所示 五 工艺润滑对轧辊磨损的影响　　采用工艺润滑可大大降低轧辊的磨损，热轧时轧辊应有足够冷却与润滑。通过现场对比试验，轧制带钢产量与轧辊磨损的关系在不同的轧制条件下有很大的差异，如图所示 随轧制量增加，轧辊磨损加剧，由于磨损的不均匀性，将严重影响到轧后的板面质量，采用润滑后，轧辊磨损的速度要缓慢得多。　　采用工艺润滑后，轧辊磨损大大减少，沿辊身长度上的磨损也变得较为均匀，这样对热轧带钢的板形非常有利。下图为F1～F4 400连轧机组轧辊的磨损情况： 　　实践表明，采用微量的润滑剂完全可以达到降低轧辊磨损的目的，轧辊的润滑效果及磨损程度并不是与润滑剂用量及浓度成正比，相反，润滑剂的用量过大，会造成打滑、轧件咬入困难，同时造成污染。　　六 存在的问题 　　热轧带钢采用工艺润滑后，使轧件的咬入条件发生变化,不利于轧件的顺利咬入,可以通过间歇供油的方式来解决。由于采用润滑后摩擦系数的下降，对板宽、板厚将产生很大影响，且不易控制，可在条件成熟时采用AGC厚度自动控制系统，对厚度精度进行有效控制，且能获得更加良好的板形。此外由于轧制油的燃烧，使工人恶劣的工作条件比以前有所加剧，车间油烟较大，需专设排烟系统。

28日国内不锈钢冷轧上涨幅度在500元左右。据信息研究中心商场监测显现，北京区域，冷卷304/2B的0.5-3.0mm报价在3.20-3.33万元左右(吨价，下同)；热板304/No.1太钢6mm-20mm价位在2.78-3.75万元之间；321圆钢报价在4.70-5.10万元，2Cr13、3Cr13报价在0.94万元左右。佛山区域，冷卷304/2B 0.4-3.0mm张浦报价在3.18-3.33万元左右；无锡区域，冷卷304/2B报价张浦0.4-3.0mm报价在3.32-3.43万元，太钢0.5-3.0mm报价在3.25-3.48万元左右。现商场上仍无会集到货，资源继续严重，报价调高后成交状况欠安。商场304冷轧卷报价较9月出厂报价已高出500元左右，在消费旺季降临、商场库存量不大等有利要素的状况下，部分供应商对后市达观。.

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板，俗称冷板。　　冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。 　　一般来说，冷轧钢板分为三代产品：沸腾钢为第一代，铝镇静钢为第二代，无间隙原子刚（IF钢）为第三代。   您查询的关键词是：冷轧钢板  。如果打开速度慢，可以尝试快速版；如果想保存快照，可以添加到搜藏。 "冷轧钢板""2,冷轧钢板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.56",,"2.5","6000x1200 7000x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","22.25""0.45",,"4.01",,"2.75",,"24.48""0.5",,"4.45",,"3.0",,"26.70""0.6",,"5.34",,"3.5",,"31.50""0.7",,"6.23",,"4.0",,"35.60""0.8",,"7.12",,"4.5",,"40.05""0.9",,"8.01",,"5.0",,"44.50""1.0",,"8.90",,"5.5",,"48.95""1.1",,"9.79",,"6.0",,"53.40""1.2",,"10.68",,"6.5",,"57.85""1.35",,"12.02",,"7.0",,"62.30""1.5",,"13.35",,"7.5",,"66.75""1.65",,"14.60",,"8.0",,"71.20""1.8",,"16.02",,"9.0",,"80.10""2.0",,"17.80",,"10.0",,"89.00""2.25",,"20.03""冷轧铜条""2,冷轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.20","200~400","500~800","1.78",,"2.50","200~500","500~2000","22.25""0.25",,,"2.23",,"2.75",,,"24.48""0.30",,,"2.67",,"3.00",,"1000~2000","26.70""0.35",,,"3.12",,"3.50",,,"31.15""0.40","200~500","500~2000","3.56",,"4.00",,,"35.60""0.45",,,"4.01",,"4.50",,,"40.05""0.50",,,"4.45",,"5.00",,,"44.50""0.60",,,"5.34",,"5.50",,,"48.95""0.70",,,"6.23",,"6.00",,,"53.40""0.80",,,"7.12",,"6.50",,,"57.85""0.90",,,"8.01",,"7.00",,,"62.30""1.00",,,"8.90",,"8.00",,,"71.20""1.20",,,"10.68",,"9.00",,,"80.10""1.30",,,"11.57",,"10.00",,,"89.00""1.40",,,"12.46",,"11.00",,,"97.90""1.50",,,"13.35",,"12.00",,,"106.8""1.60",,,"14.69",,"13.00",,,"115.7""1.80",,,"16.02",,"14.00",,,"124.6""2.00",,,"17.80",,"15.00",,,"133.5""注 铜板和条(热轧,冷轧)的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4和TU和TUP,其化学成分应符合YB145-71规定""特殊用冷轧黄铜条""3,特殊用冷轧黄铜条(YB555-65)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)""0.20","200~300","500~1000","1.76",,"1.6","200~500","500~2000","14.08""0.25",,,"2.20",,"1.8",,,"15.84""0.30","200~400",,"2.64",,"2.0",,,"17.60""0.35",,,"3.08",,"2.5",,,"22.00""0.40","200~500",,"3.52",,"2.75",,,"24.20""0.45",,,"3.96",,"3.0",,,"26.40""0.50",,"500~2000","4.40",,"3.5",,,"30.80""0.55",,,"4.84",,"4.0",,,"35.20""0.60",,,"5.28",,"4.5",,,"39.60""0.70",,,"6.16",,"5.0",,,"44.00""0.80",,,"7.04",,"5.5",,,"48.40""0.90",,,"7.92",,"6.0",,,"52.80""1.0",,,"8.8",,"6.5",,,"57.20""1.2",,,"10.56",,"7.0",,,"61.60""1.3",,,"11.44",,"8.0",,,"70.40""1.4",,,"12.32",,"9.0",,,"79.20""1.5",,,"13.20",,"10.0",,,"88.00""注 (1)标记举例:用H80制成的,厚度为0.8mm,宽度为300mm,长度为1000mm的1/2硬条标记为:"" 条H80-Y20.8x300x1000YB555-65."" (2)冷轧条分为定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.""多面体的体积和表面积""多面体的体积和表面积""图形",,"尺寸符号",,"重心(G)""立方体",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方体∧棱柱∨",,,,"G0=h/2""三棱柱",,,,"Go=h/2""棱锥",,,,"Go=h/4""棱台""圆柱和空心圆柱∧管∨",,,,"Go=h/2""斜线直圆柱""直圆锥",,,,"Go=h/4""圆台""球",,,,"在球心上""球扇形∧球楔∨",,,,"Go=3/4(r-h/2)""球缺",,,,"Go=3(2r-h)2/4(3r-h)""圆环体∧胎∨",,,,"在环中心上""球带体",,,,"Go=h1+h/2""桶形",,,,"在轴交点上""椭球体",," a,b,c-半轴",,"在轴交点上""交叉圆柱体",,,,"在二轴交点上""梯形体""常用图形求面积,体积公式""常用图形求面积,体积公式""图形",,"尺寸符号","面积(F) 表面积(S)","重心(G)""正方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""三角形",,,,"GB=1/3BD CD=DA""平行四边形",,,,"对角线交点上""任意四边形""正多边形",,,,"在o点上""菱形",,,,"在对角线交点上""梯形""圆形",,,,"在圆心上""椭圆形",,"a·b-主轴","F= (π/4) a·b","在主轴交点G上""扇形""弓形""圆环",,,,"在圆心O""部分圆环""新月形",,,,"O1G=(π-P)L/2P","L d/10","2d/10 3d/10 4d/10","5d/10 6d/10 7d/10 ","8d/10 9d/10","P 0.40","0.79 1.18 1.56","1.91 2.25 2.55","2.81 3.02""抛物线形""等多边形",,," "," 在内,外接圆心处""冷轧黄钢板""4,冷轧黄钢板(YB460-71)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)""0.20","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","1.70",,"2.00","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","17.00""0.25",,"2.13",,"2.25",,"19.13""0.30",,"2.55",,"2.50",,"21.25""0.35",,"2.98",,"2.75",,"23.38""0.40",,"3.40",,"3.00",,"25.50""0.45",,"3.82",,"3.50",,"29.75""0.50",,"4.25",,"4.00",,"34.00""0.60",,"5.10",,"4.50",,"38.20""0.70",,"5.95",,"5.00",,"42.50""0.80",,"6.80",,"5.50",,"46.75""0.90",,"7.65",,"6.00",,"51.00""1.00",,"8.50",,"6.50",,"55.25""1.10",,"9.35",,"7.00",,"59.50""1.20",,"10.20",,"7.50",,"63.75""1.35",,"11.48",,"8.00",,"68.00""1.50",,"12.75",,"9.00",,"76.50""1.65",,"14.03",,"10.00",,"85.00""1.80",,"15.30""注 (1)冷轧软板仅供应H59,H62,H68,H80,H90,H96,HMn58-2,HPb59-1牌号.""(2)冷轧1/2硬板仅供应H62,H65,H68,H90,HMn58-2牌号.""(3)冷轧特硬板仅供应H62牌号.""(4)冷轧板材长度分为:定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.其通常长度为500~2000mm,但长度不得小于宽度.""特殊用冷轧黄钢板""5,特殊用冷轧黄钢板(YB555-65)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.52",,"2.25","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","19.60""0.45",,"3.96",,"2.50",,"22.00""0.50",,"4.40",,"2.75",,"24.20""0.55",,"4.84",,"3.0",,"26.40""0.60",,"5.28",,"3.5",,"30.80""0.70",,"6.16",,"4.0",,"35.20""0.80",,"7.04",,"4.5",,"39.60""0.90",,"7.92",,"5.0",,"44.00""1.0",,"8.80",,"5.5",,"48.40""1.1",,"9.68",,"6.0",,"52.80""1.2",,"10.56",,"6.5",,"57.20""1.35",,"11.88",,"7.0",,"61.60""1.5",,"13.20",,"7.5",,"66.60""1.65",,"14.52",,"8.0",,"70.40""1.8",,"15.84",,"9.0",,"79.20""2.0",,"17.60",,"10.0",,"88.00""注 标记举例:用H90制成的,厚度为2.5mm,宽度为600mm,长度为1200mm的软板标记为:"" 板H90M2.5x600x1200xYB555-65.""铝及铝合金板""6,铝及铝合金板""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)"0.5,"1.40",,"2.5","7.00",,"9.0","25.2",,"25","70.0"0.6,"1.68",,"3.0","8.40",,"10.0","28.0",,"30","84.0"0.8,"2.24",,"3.5","9.80",,"12.0","33.6",,"35","98.0""1.0","2.80",,"4.0","11.20",,"14.0","39.2",,"40","112.0""1.2","3.36",,"5.0","14.00",,"16.0","44.8",,"50","140.0""1.5","4.20",,"6.0","16.80",,"18.0","50.4",,"60","168.0""1.8","5.04",,"7.0","19.60",,"20.0","56.0",,"70","196.0""2.0","5.60",,"8.0","22.40",,"22.0","61.6",,"80","224.0""注 (1)板的宽度有1000,1200和500mm;板的长度有2000,3000和4000mm."" (2)理论重量按LY11,LY12和LD10等牌号铝合金的比重2.8计算,对于其他牌号的铝合金和工业纯铝,应乘以"" 下列换算系数:LD2-0.961;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975;LC4-1.018;工业纯铝-0.967.""铅板""7,铅板(GB1470-79)""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)""1.0","11.37",,"3.0","34.11",,"5.0","56.85",,"9.0","102.33""1.5","17.06",,"3.5","39.80",,"6.0","68.22",,"10.0","113.70""2.0","22.74",,"4.0","45.48",,"7.0","79.59",,"12.0","136.44""2.5","28.43",,"4.5","51.17",,"8.0","90.96",,"16.0","170.55""注 (1)铅的化学成分按GB469-64标准."" (2)板材理论重量按比重为11.34计算,宽度按500mm进张."" (3)板材成卷供应,厚度大于15mm的板材,以片状供应,厚度不大于1.5mm的板材,应用木箱包装.""纯铜带"",纯铜带(YB464-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.05","18~150","≥20","0.44",,"0.50","18~300","≥10","4.45""0.06",,,"0.53",,"0.55",,,"4.90""0.07",,,"0.62",,"0.60",,,"5.34""0.08",,,"0.71",,"0.65",,,"5.79""0.09",,,"0.80",,"0.70",,,"6.23""0.10","18~300",,"0.89",,"0.75",,,"6.68""0.12",,,"1.07",,"0.80",,,"7.12""0.15",,,"1.34",,"0.85",,,"7.57""0.18",,,"1.60",,"0.90",,,"8.01""0.20",,,"1.78",,"1.00",,,"8.90""0.22",,,"1.96",,"1.10",,,"9.79""0.25",,,"2.23",,"1.20",,"≥7","10.68""0.30",,,"2.67",,"1.30",,,"11.57""0.35",,,"3.12",,"14.40",,,"12.46""0.40",,,"3.56",,"1.50",,,"13.35""0.45",,,"4.01""注 纯铜带的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4,TUP,其化学成分符合YB145-71的规定.""铝带""9,铝带""宽 度 (mm)","厚 度 (mm)","3","4","5","6","8","10","12","重 量 (kg/m)""10","0.080","0.107","0.134 0.161 0.268 0.335 0.402 0.536 0.670 0.804 1.072 1.340 1.608","0.161","0.214","0.268","0.322""12","0.096","0.129",,"0.193","0.257","0.322","0.386""15","0.121","0.161",,"0.241","0.322","0.402","0.482""20","0.161","0.214",,"0.322","0.429","0.568","0.643""25","0.201","0.268",,"0.402","0.568","0.670","0.804""30","0.241","0.332",,"0.482","0.643","0.804","0.965""40","0.322","0.429",,"0.643","0.858","1.072","1.286""50","0.402","0.536",,"0.804","1.072","1.340","1.608""60","0.482","0.643",,"0.965","1.286","1.608","1.930""80","0.643","0.858",,"1.286","1.715","2.144","2.573""100","0.804","1.072",,"1.608","2.144","2.680","3.216""120","0.965","1.286",,"1.930","2.573","3.216","3.859""注 表中重量系以LY11,LY12,(比重2.8)为准,其他合金应乘以下列系数:"" L1~L6-0.967;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975.""热轧铜条""1,热轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""4.0","200~500","≥1000","35.60",,"8.0","200~500","≥1000","71.20""4.5",,,"40.05",,"9.0",,,"80.10""5.0",,,"44.05",,"10.0",,,"89.0""5.5",,,"48.95",,"11.0",,,"97.9""6.0",,,"53.40",,"12.0",,,"106.8""6.5",,,"57.85",,"13.0",,,"115.7""7.0",,,"62.30",,"14.0",,,"124.6""7.5",,,"66.75",,"15.0",,,"133.5""英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""(二)英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm""0","0.324","8.230",,"14","0.080","2.032",,"28","0.0148","0.376""1","0.300","7.020",,"15","0.072","1.829",,"29","0.0136","0.345""2","0.276","7.010",,"16","0.064","1.626",,"30","0.0124","0.315""3","0.252","6.401",,"17","0.056","1.422",,"31","0.0116","0.295""4","0.232","5.893",,"18","0.048","1.219",,"32","0.0108","0.274""5","0.212","5.385",,"19","0.040","1.016",,"33","0.0100","0.254""6","0.192","4.877",,"20","0.036","0.914",,"34","0.0092","0.234""7","0.176","4.470",,"21","0.032","0.813",,"35","0.0084","0.213""8","0.160","4.064",,"22","0.028","0.711",,"36","0.0076","0.193""9","0.144","3.658",,"23","0.024","0.610",,"37","0.0068","0.173""10","0.128","3.251",,"24","0.022","0.559",,"38","0.0060","0.152""11","0.116","2.946",,"25","0.020","0.508",,"39","0.0052","0.132"12,"0.104","2.642",,"26","0.018","0.457",,"40","0.0048","0.122"13,"0.092","2.337",,"27","0.0164","0.417",,"41","0.0044","0.112""刺钢丝""三)刺钢丝规格和重量""说 明 和 用 途",,"钢丝划号 (号)","刺间距离 (mm)","每kg长度 (m)","重量 (kg/km)""刺钢丝又名刺铁丝,俗称"花园铅丝"(因常作花园围墙篱笆之用,故名),系以镀锌钢丝经机器铰缠而成(一般用#12或#14钢丝制作).适于作各种围墙(尤其是公园围墙和临时建筑场地 的围墙)篱笆或障碍物用.",,"12","65","6.4","156",,,"75","7.2","139",,,"100","7.9","127",,,"125","8.6","116",,"14","65","10.9","91.8",,,"75","11.5","86.9",,,"100","13.0","76.9",,,"125","14.0","71.4""注 (1)刺钢丝规格的注写方法为"钢丝直径(号数)x尖数x刺间距离",或"钢丝直径(号数)x刺间距离"."" (2)表列刺钢丝的"每kg长度"和"重量",仅供参考.""刻痕钢丝""四)刻痕钢丝规格和重量""直径 (mm)","断面积 (mm2)","重量 (kg/m)"," 抗 拉 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,"屈 服 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,,"I组","II组","I组","II组""2.5","4.90","0.034","190","160","152","128""3","7.06","0.056","180","150","144","120""4","12.56","0.094","170","140","136","112""5","19.63","0.150","160","130","126","104""注 刻痕钢丝是由预应力混凝土结构用碳素钢丝(冷拔高强度钢丝)在经特制的"刻痕机"进行刻痕而制成的"" 预应力钢筋混凝土结构用的钢丝.""钢丝网""五)钢丝网规格和重量""号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)"20,"1.6","1.5",,"6","2.0","6.7",,"2.5","0.7","2.0",,"1","0.3","0.9","3.0","5.1",,"5.5","0.5","0.6",,"2.2","0.45","1.0",,,"0.35","1.2""18","1.6","1.7",,,"1.6","4.7",,,"0.6","1.6",,"0.9","0.25","0.7","3.0","5.7",,,"2.0","7.2",,,"0.8","2.9",,,"0.3","1.0""16","1.6","1.9",,"5","0.7","1.1",,"2","0.4","0.9",,,"0.4","1.6","3.0","6.3",,,"1.4","4.1",,,"0.5","1.3",,"0.8","0.22","0.6""14","1.4","1.7",,,"2.2","8.9",,,"0.6","1.9",,,"0.28","0.9","2.5","4.9",,"4.5","0.5","0.7",,,"1.2","6.0",,,"0.3","1.0""12","1.2","1.4",,,"1.0","2.3",,"1.8","0.4","0.9",,"0.7","0.2","0.6","2.5","5.7",,,"1.8","6.8",,,"0.5","1.4",,,"0.25","0.9""11","1.2","1.5",,"4","0.6","1.0",,,"0.7","2.6",,,"0.30","1.2","2.5","6.1",,,"1.0","2.6",,"1.6","0.3","0.6",,"0.63","0.22","0.7""10","1.0","1.2",,,"1.4","4.8",,,"0.4","1.0",,,"0.25","0.9","2.5","6.6",,"3.5","0.7","1.5",,,"0.45","1.3",,,"0.28","1.2""9","1.0","1.3",,,"1.0","2.9",,"1.4","0.30","0.7",,"0.56","0.22","0.8","2.2","5.7",,,"1.2","4.0",,,"0.35","0.9",,,"0.25","1.0""8","0.7","0.7",,"3.2","0.45","0.7",,,"0.65","2.7",,,"0.28","1.2","1.2","2.1",,,"0.9","2.7",,"1.2","0.28","0.7",,"0.5","0.22","0.9","1.8","4.5",,,"1.2","4.3",,,"0.35","1.0",,,"0.25","1.1""7","0.7","0.8",,"2.8","0.4","0.7",,,"0.4","1.3",,,"0.3","1.5","1.2","2.3",,,"0.7","1.8",,"1.1","0.28","0.7",,"0.45","0.2","0.8","1.8","5.0",,,"1.0","3.6",,,"0.35","1.1",,,"0.25","1.2""6","0.7","0.9",,"2.5","0.4","0.7",,,"0.40","1.4",,,"0.2","0.9","1.2","2.7",,,"0.5","1.1",,"1","0.25","0.7",,"0.4","0.25","1.3""钢板网""六)钢板网规格和重量""品 种","规 格 (mm)",,,,,,"每张大约重量(kg)","生产单位","丝梗厚度 h","孔眼宽度 T","丝梗宽度 b","节 距 t","网面宽度 B","网面长度 L""小","0.5","9","1","25","1800","600","0.875","上海中国钢板网厂",,,,,"2000",,"0.875","0.6","9","1","25","1800","600","1.000",,,,,"2000",,"1.125","0.7","9","1","25","1800","600","1.125",,,,,"2000",,"1.250""网","0.75","9","1","25","1800","600","1.250",,,,,"2000",,"1.375","0.8","9","1","25","1800","600","1.375",,,,,"2000",,"1.500","1","9","1","25","1500","600","1.625",,,,,"1800",,"1.875",,,,,"2000",,"2.125""大","0.5","7","1.2","2.5","1800","2800","5.85","上海中国钢板网厂","1","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","11.70",,"9","1.2","25","1500","3000","7.95",,,,,"1800","3600","11.70",,"9","1.1","25","2000","4000","14.76",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","11.70",,,,,"2000","4000","14.60","1.2","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","14.04",,"9","1.2","25","1800","3600","14.04",,,"1.1","25","2000","4000","17.71",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","14.04""网",,,,,"2000","4000","17.71","1.5","11","1.6","40","1800","3600","17.55",,"17","2.3","65","2000","4000","22.14","2","17","2.3","65","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"22","3.0","75","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"27","3.8","100","2000","4000","29.52","3","36","4.6","115","2000","4000","44.28",,"45","6.1","150""钢丝纱""七)钢丝纱(窗纱)规格和重量""规 格","面 积(m2/卷)","重 量",,"(kg/卷)","(kg/m2)""14目3x100","27.87","12.5","0.448""14目4x100","37.16","16.6","0.448""16目3x100",27.87,13.5,"0.484""16目4x100",37.16,"18.0","0.484""紫铜丝布""(八)紫铜丝布(紫铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","22","2.691",,"30","30","2.5116",,"65","36","1.9734""10","24","2.691",,"35","31","1.9734",,"70","36","1.9734""12","24","3.0498",,"40","32","1.9734",,"75","37","1.9734""16","26","2.1528",,"45","33","1.9734",,"80","37","1.9734""20","27","2.1528",,"50","34","1.9734",,"100","39","1.7940""24","30","2.1528",,"55","35","1.9734""28","30","2.3322",,"60","35","1.7940""黄铜丝布""(九)黄铜丝布(黄铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","24","1.5787",,"24","34","0.8611",,"50","38","0.6458""10","26","1.2375",,"26","34","0.8252",,"60","41","0.3947""12","27","1.2558",,"28","36","0.5386",,"70","42","0.3347""14","27","1.3276",,"30","36","0.5741",,"80","43","0.3767""16","32","0.6100",,"32","36","0.6100",,"90","43","0.4306""18","33","0.6100",,"34","36","0.6279",,"100","43","0.5023""20","33","0.7176",,"36","36","0.7176",,"110","44","0.3347""22","33","0.8611",,"40","36","0.4844",,"120","44","0.4485""铝及铝合金直角角型材""1,铝及铝合金直角角型材(XC111)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b"1,"12","1","0.234","0.065",,"25","25","1.3","0.734","0.204",,"49","38.3","5","3.590","0.998"2,"12","2","0.440","0.122",,"26","25","1.6","0.777","0.216",,"50","38.3","6.3","4.444","1.235"3,"12.5","1.6","0.377","0.105",,"27","25","2","0.964","0.268",,"51","40","2","1.564","0.435"4,"15","1","0.294","0.082",,"28","25","2.5","1.189","0.331",,"52","40","2.5","1.944","0.540"5,"15","1.2","0.353","0.098",,"29","25","3","1.410","0.392",,"53","40","3","2.320","0.645"6,"15","1.5","0.434","0.121",,"30","25","3.2","1.509","0.429",,"54","40","3.5","2.671","0.743"7,"15","2","0.564","0.157",,"31","25","3.5","1.641","0.456",,"55","40","3.5","2.694","0.749"8,"15","3","0.820","0.223",,"32","25","4","1.857","0.516",,"56","40","4","3.057","0.850"9,"16","1.6","0.429","0.119",,"33","25","5","2.242","0.623",,"57","40","5","3.750","1.043"10,"16","2.4","0.726","0.202",,"34","27","2","1.041","0.289",,"58","45","4","3.475","0.961"11,"18","1.5","0.524","0.146",,"35","27","2","1.090","0.303",,"59","45","5","4.277","1.189"12,"18","2","0.684","0.190",,"36","30","1.5","0.884","0.246",,"60","50","3","2.920","0.812"13,"19","1.6","0.585","0.163",,"37","30","2","1.164","0.324",,"61","50","4","3.857","1.072"14,"19","2.4","0.861","0.239",,"38","30","2.5","1.438","0.400",,"62","50","5","4.777","1.328"15,"19","3.2","1.125","0.313",,"39","30","3","1.720","0.478",,"63","50","6","5.655","1.572"16,"20","1","0.397","0.110",,"40","30","4","2.240","0.623",,"64","50","6.5","6.110","1.699"17,"20","1.2","0.473","0.131",,"41","32","2.4","1.491","0.415",,"65","50","12","10.600","2.947"18,"20","1.5","0.584","0.162",,"42","32","3.2","1.957","0.554",,"66","60","5","5.777","1.606"19,"20","2","0.764","0.212",,"43","32","3.5","2.131","0.592",,"67","60","6","6.855","1.906"20,"20","3","1.140","0.137",,"44","32","6.5","3.723","1.036",,"68","75","7","10.010","2.783"21,"20","4","1.475","0.410",,"45","35","3","2.005","0.557",,"69","75","8","11.360","3.158"22,"20.5","1.6","0.633","0.176",,"46","35","4","2.657","0.739",,"70","75","10","14.000","3.892"23,"23","2","0.680","0.245",,"47","38","2.4","1.773","0.498",,"71","90","5","8.750","2.433"24,"25","1.2","0.597","0.166",,"48","38.3","3.5","2.562","0.712",,"72","90","8","13.760","3.825""注 (1)铝及铝合金型材的尺寸,规格等摘自冶金工业部1970年颁发的《铝及铝镁合金挤压型材》."" (2)表内理论重量均按LY12合金比重(2.78)进行计算,其他材料的比重及换算系数如下:L1~L7(2.71)-0.975;"" LF2(2.68)-0.964;LF11(2.65)-0.953;LF21(2.73)-0.982;LD2(2.70)-0.971;"" LY11(2.80)-1.007;LY12(2.78)-1.000."" (3)铝型材主要生产单位有哈尔滨和西北铝加工厂等.西北铝加工厂的产品断面为100~400cm2,宽度小于530mm."" (4)铝及铝合金型材规格的表示方法是型材类别组号加序号,如XC111-4,其中,XC表示型材,后面的数字依次为"" 类别,组号,连字符后的数字为顺序号.""铝及铝合金直丁字型材""2,铝及铝合金直丁字型材(XC211)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"15","25","1","0.405","0.113",,"34","32","45","3","2.259","0.628"2,"19","50","2","1.378","0.383",,"35","32","48","2.4","1.874","0.521"3,"20","20","2","0.760","0.211",,"36","32","50","3","2.423","0.674"4,"20","30","1.5","0.740","0.206",,"37","35","32","1.5","1.000","0.278"5,"20","35","2","1.060","0.295",,"38","35","35","4","2.713","0.754"6,"20","37","2","1.117","0.311",,"39","35","40","2","1.468","0.408"7,"20","42","2","1.200","0.334",,"40","37","42","2","1.500","0.417"8,"20","42","2","1.240","0.345",,"41","38","44","5","3.910","1.087"9,"20","45","2","1.860","0.517",,"42","38","50","3.5","3.026","0.841"10,"20","90","2","2.160","0.600",,"43","38","50","4.8","3.990","1.109"11,"21","53","1.8","1.300","0.361",,"44","39","75","5","5.510","1.532"12,"22","48","1.4","1.960","0.267",,"45","40","36","5","3.350","0.933"13,"25","29","1.6","0.847","0.25",,"46","40","45","3","2.479","0.689"14,"25","35","1.5","0.890","0.247",,"47","40","45","4","3.274","0.910"15,"25","38","2.5","1.510","0.420",,"48","40","68","3","3.300","0.917"16,"25","40","2","1.280","0.356",,"49","40","130","6","9.840","2.736"17,"25","45","2.5","1.726","0.480",,"50","42","64","4","4.100","1.140"18,"25","45","3","2.019","0.561",,"51","45","40","2.2","1.860","0.517"19,"25","45","4","2.708","0.753",,"52","50","70","4","4.640","1.300"20,"25","48","1.4","1.012","0.288",,"53","51","51","2.4","2.443","0.679"21,"25","48","1.5","1.082","0.301",,"54","54","50","3","3.040","0.845"22,"25","50","2","1.499","0.417",,"55","54","68","3","3.608","1.003"23,"25","50","2.5","1.851","0.515",,"56","64","50","5","5.781","1.607"24,"26","38","2.5","1.554","0.432",,"57","63","50","2","2.320","0.645"25,"27","70","2","1.920","0.534",,"58","70","37","2","2.100","0.584"26,"29","38","1.6","1.055","0.293",,"59","70","55","2","2.460","0.684"27,"29","58","2.5","2.180","0.606",,"60","74","66","6","8.080","2.246"28,"29","58","3.5","2.991","0.831",,"61","75","40","3","3.400","0.945"29,"30","40","1.5","1.040","0.289",,"62","80","50","2","2.560","0.712"30,"30","40","2","1.370","0.381",,"63","80","60","3","4.110","1.143"31,"30","45","3","2.150","0.597",,"64","83","50","3","3.953","1.099"32,"30","56","4","3.280","0.912",,"65","90","77","10","15.700","4.365"33,"30","68","6.5","6.100","1.696""热轧铜板""1,热轧铜板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽 度 (mm)",,,,,,,,"理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)","600~900","1000~1200","1300~1500","1600~1800","1900~2200","2300~2500","2600~2800","2900~3000","最 大 长 度 (mm)""5.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"44.50""5.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"48.95""6.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"53.40""6.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"57.85""7.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"62.30""7.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"66.75""8.0","4000","5000","6000","5500","4800","4200","3700","3500","71.20""9.0","4000","5000","6000","5000","4200","3700","3300","3100","80.10""10.0","4000","5000","5500","4500","3800","3300","3000","3000","89.0""11.0","4000","5000","5000","4000","3400","3300","2800",,"97.9""12.0","4000","5000","4500","3800","3100","2800",,,"106.8""13.0","4000","5000","4000","3600","2900",,,,"115.7""14.0","4000","4500","3800","3300","2700",,,,"124.6""15.0","4500","4300","3600","3100","2500",,,,"133.5""16.0","4500","4300","3400","2000","2400",,,,"142.4""17.0","4500","4000","3200","2700","2200",,,,"151.3""18.0","4500","3900","3000","2600",,,,,"160.2""19.0","4500","3700","2800","2400",,,,,"169.1""20.0","4500","3500","2600","2300",,,,,"178.0""21.0","4000","3300","2500","2200",,,,,"186.9""22.0","4000","3000","2400","2100",,,,,"195.8""23.0","4000","3000","2400","2000",,,,,"204.7""24.0","3500","2800","2200","1900",,,,,"213.6""25.0","3500","2800","2000","1800",,,,,"222.5""注 热轧板的宽度按100mm进级.""铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材(XC511)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积 (mm2)","理论重量 (kg/m)","H","B","b"1,"23","38","1.2","1.178","0.327"2,"26","34.5","3.5","3.157","0.875"3,"57","48","8","11.000","3.058"4,"68","38","2.5","3.509","0.976"5,"86","60","6","11.600","3.225""铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材(XC411)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"12.7","15.9","1.6","0.688","0.191",,11,"38","25","3","2.613","0.726"2,"20","15","1.2","0.578","0.163",,12,"44","25","4","3.690","1.001"3,"20","15","1.5","0.721","0.200",,13,"50","19","2.5","2.102","0.584"4,"25","18","1.5","0.885","0.246",,14,"80","30","3","4.020","1.118"5,"25","23","3.5","2.267","0.630",,15,"80","35","4","5.680","1.579"6,"31","25","2.5","1.900","0.528",,16,"80","40","4","6.080","1.690"7,"32","14","1.9","1.000","0.303",,17,"100","30","3","4.620","1.284"8,"34","25","3.5","2.764","0.768",,18,"100","35","4","6.480","1.801"9,"36","26","2.5","2.075","0.577",,19,"100","40","4","6.880","1.913"10,"36","31.5","3.2","2.960","0.823""铝及铝合金槽形型材""3,铝及铝合金槽形型材(XC311)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"13","13","1.6","0.561","0.156",,"31","45","40","3","3.638","1.011"2,"13","34","3.5","2.579","0.717",,"32","46","25","5","4.300","1.195"3,"20","15","1.3","0.620","0.172",,"33","50","20","4","5.331","0.926"4,"21","28","4","2.868","0.797",,"34","50","30","2","2.120","0.589"5,"25","13","2.4","1.134","0.315",,"35","50","30","4","4.131","1.148"6,"25","15","1.5","0.795","0.221",,"36","55","25","5","4.819","1.340"7,"25","18","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"37","55","30","3","3.299","0.917"8,"25","18","2","1.140","0.317",,"38","60","25","4","4.131","1.148"9,"25","20","2.5","1.520","0.423",,"39","60","35","5","6.000","1.668"10,"25","20","4","2.280","0.634",,"40","60","40","4","4.480","1.245"11,"25","25","5","3.250","0.904",,"41","63","38.3","4.8","6.275","1.744"12,"30","15","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"42","64","38","4","5.300","1.473"13,"30","18","1.5","0.960","0.267",,"43","70","25","3","3.449","0.959"14,"30","20","2","1.335","0.371",,"44","70","25","5","5.500","1.529"15,"30","22","6","3.870","1.076",,"45","70","26","3.2","3.700","1.028"16,"32","25","1.8","1.437","0.399",,"46","70","30","4","4.931","1.371"17,"32","25","2.5","1.925","0.535",,"47","70","40","5","7.080","1.968"18,"35","20","2.5","1.770","0.492",,"48","75","45","5","7.831","2.177"19,"35","30","2","1.833","0.510",,"49","80","30","4.5","6.010","1.671"20,"38","50","5","6.560","1.824",,"50","80","35","4.5","6.414","1.783"21,"40","18","2","1.453","0.404",,"51","80","35","6","8.280","2.302"22,"40","18","2.5","1.795","0.499",,"52","80","40","4","6.131","1.704"23,"40","18","3","2.129","0.592",,"53","80","40","6","8.900","2.474"24,"40","21","4","2.960","0.823",,"54","80","60","4","7.480","2.079"25,"40","25","2","1.730","0.481",,"55","90","50","6","10.680","2.969"26,"40","25","3","2.549","0.709",,"56","100","40","6","10.080","2.802"27,"40","30","3.5","3.250","0.904",,"57","100","48","6.3","11.550","3.211"28,"40","32","3","2.978","0.828",,"58","100","50","5","9.580","2.663"29,"40","50","4","5.280","1.468",,"59","128","40","9","17.100","4.754"30,"45","20","3","2.370","0.659""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管1""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","0.25","0.30","0.40","0.50","0.60","0.80","1.0","1.2",1.4,"1.5",1.6,1.8,"2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""50",,,,,,,"1.21","1.44","1.68","1.79","1.91","2.14","2.37","2.59","2.93","3.25","3.48","3.70","4.01","4.54","5.05","5.55""(51)",,,,,,,"1.23","1.47","1.71","1.83","1.96","2.18","2.42","2.64","2.99","3.32","3.55","3.79","4.10","4.64","5.16","5.67""53",,,,,,,"1.28","1.53","1.78","1.91","2.03","2.27","2.52","2.76","3.11","3.46","3.70","3.94","4.27","4.83","5.38","5.92""(54)",,,,,,,"1.31","1.59","1.82","1.94","2.07","2.31","2.56","2.81","3.18","3.53","3.77","4.02","4.36","4.93","5.49","6.04""56",,,,,,,"1.36","1.62","1.89","2.02","2.15","2.40","2.66","2.92","3.30","3.66","3.92","4.17","4.53","5.13","5.71","6.29""(57)",,,,,,,"1.38","1.65","1.92","2.05","2.18","2.45","2.71","2.97","3.36","3.74","4.00","4.25","4.62","5.23","5.83","6.41""60",,,,,,,"1.46","1.74","2.02","2.16","2.31","2.58","2.86","3.13","3.55","3.94","4.22","4.49","4.88","5.52","6.16","6.78""63",,,,,,,"1.53","1.83","2.13","2.27","2.42","2.71","3.01","3.30","3.72","4.15","4.44","4.73","5.13","5.81","6.49","7.14""65",,,,,,,"1.58","1.89","2.20","2.35","2.50","2.80","3.11","3.40","3.85","4.29","4.59","4.89","5.31","6.02","6.71","7.40""(68)",,,,,,,"1.65","1.98","2.36","2.46","2.62","2.93","3.26","3.57","4.04","4.49","4.81","5.12","5.57","6.31","7.05","7.77""70",,,,,,,"1.70","2.03","2.37","2.53","2.70","3.02","3.35","3.68","4.16","4.36","4.96","5.23","5.74","6.51","7.27","8.01""(73)",,,,,,,"1.78","2.12","2.47","2.64","2.82","3.16","3.50","3.84","4.35","4.84","5.18","5.52","6.00","6.81","7.60","8.38""75",,,,,,,"1.82","2.18","2.54","2.71","2.90","3.24","3.60","3.95","4.46","4.97","5.32","5.68","6.17","7.00","7.82","8.62""(76)",,,,,,,"1.85","2.21","2.57","2.76","2.94","3.29","3.65","4.00","4.53","5.05","5.40","5.75","6.26","7.10","7.93","8.75""80",,,,,,,,,"2.71","2.90","3.09","3.47","3.84","4.22","4.77","5.32","5.69","6.07","6.60","7.49","8.37","9.24""(83)",,,,,,,,,"2.82","3.02","3.21","3.60","4.00","4.37","4.96","5.52","5.92","6.31","6.86","7.79","8.71","9.62""85",,,,,,,,,"2.88","3.08","3.29","3.69","4.09","4.48","5.08","5.66","6.06","6.46","7.04","7.98","8.93","9.83""(89)",,,,,,,,,"3.02","3.24","3.45","3.86","4.29","4.70","5.33","5.94","6.36","6.77","7.38","8.38","9.38","10.33""90",,,,,,,,,"3.05","3.27","3.49","3.91","4.34","4.76","5.39","6.01","6.43","6.86","7.47","8.47","9.49","10.47""95",,,,,,,,,"3.21","3.46","3.68","4.13","4.59","5.02","5.70","6.36","6.81","7.26","7.90","8.98","10.04","11.10"100,,,,,,,,,"3.40","3.64","3.88","4.35","4.83","5.30","6.00","6.70","7.17","7.65","8.32","9.46","10.59","11.70""(102)",,,,,,,,,"3.46","3.73","3.97","4.45","4.93","5.40","6.13","6.84","7.32","7.81","8.50","9.67","10.82","11.96""(108)",,,,,,,,,"3.67","3.95","4.21","4.72","5.23","5.74","6.50","7.25","7.77","8.29","9.02","10.26","11.49","12.70"110,,,,,,,,,"3.74","4.03","4.28","4.81","5.32","5.84","6.62","7.39","7.92","8.43","9.19","10.46","11.70","12.93"120,,,,,,,,,,"4.36","4.66","5.25","5.83","6.38","7.24","8.07","8.66","9.22","10.06","11.44","12.93","14.30"125,,,,,,,,,,,,"5.46","6.06","6.64","7.54","8.42","9.02","9.61","10.50","11.91","13.37","14.80"130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"7.86","8.78","9.40","10.00","10.92","12.43","13.92","15.48""(133)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"8.05","8.98","9.59","10.25","11.18","12.75","14.26","15.75"140,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.11","10.79","11.80","13.42","15.05","16.65"150,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.85","11.52","12.65","14.39","16.11","17.85"160,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"13.53","15.38","17.25","19.09"170,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"14.31","16.31","18.35","20.30"180,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"15.20","17.30","19.50","21.59"190,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"18.29","20.60","22.80"200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"19.67","21.65","24.00""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管2""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","5.5","6.0","6.5","7.0","7.5","8.0","8.5","9","9.5","10",11,12,"钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""5""6""7""8""9""10","0.518","0.536","0.561""11","0.592","0.615","0.647""12","0.666","0.694","0.734","0.789""(13)","0.740","0.774","0.820","0.888""14","0.814","0.852","0.906","0.986""(15)","0.888","0.932","0.993","1.09","1.17","1.23""16","0.962","1.10","1.08","1.18","1.28","1.35""(17)","1.04","1.09","1.17","1.28","1.39","1.48""18","1.11","1.17","1.25","1.38","1.50","1.60""(19)","1.18","1.25","1.34","1.48","1.61","1.73","1.54","1.92""20","1.26","1.33","1.42","1.58","1.72","1.85","1.97","2.07""(21)","1.33","1.41","1.51","1.68","1.83","1.97","2.10","2.22""22","1.41","1.49","1.60","1.77","1.94","2.10","2.24","2.37""(23)","1.48","1.57","1.68","1.87","2.05","2.22","2.37","2.52""(24)","1.55","1.64","1.77","1.97","2.16","2.34","2.51","2.66","2.81","2.93""25","1.63","1.72","1.86","2.07","2.28","2.47","2.64","2.81","2.97","3.11""(27)","1.78","1.88","2.03","2.27","2.50","2.71","2.92","3.11","3.29","3.45""28","1.85","1.96","2.11","2.37","2.61","2.84","3.05","3.26","3.45","3.68""29","1.92","2.02","2.20","2.47","2.72","2.96","3.19","3.40","3.60","3.80","3.98""30","2.00","2.12","2.29","2.56","2.83","3.08","3.32","3.55","3.77","3.97","4.16","4.34""32","2.15","1.28","2.46","2.76","3.05","3.33","3.59","3.85","4.09","4.32","4.53","4.74""34","2.29","2.43","2.63","2.96","3.27","3.58","3.87","4.14","4.41","4.66","4.90","5.13""(35)","2.37","2.51","2.72","3.06","3.38","3.70","4.00","4.29","4.57","4.83","5.09","5.33""36","2.44","2.59","2.81","3.16","3.50","3.82","4.14","4.44","4.73","5.01","5.27","5.52""38","2.59","2.75","2.98","3.35","3.72","4.07","4.41","4.74","5.05","5.35","5.64","5.92","6.18","6.44""40","2.74","2.91","3.15","3.55","3.94","4.32","4.68","5.03","5.37","5.70","6.01","6.31","6.60","6.88""42","2.89","3.07","3.32","3.75","4.16","4.56","4.95","5.33","5.69","6.04","6.38","6.71","7.02","7.32""44.5","3.07","3.25","3.54","4.00","4.44","4.87","5.29","5.70","6.09","6.47","6.84","7.20","7.55","7.88""45","3.11","3.31","3.58","4.04","4.49","4.93","5.36","5.77","6.17","6.56","6.94","7.30","7.65","7.99","8.32","8.63""48","3.33","3.54","3.84","4.34","4.83","5.30","5.76","6.21","6.65","7.08","7.49","7.89","8.28","8.66","9.03","9.57""水,煤气输送钢管""1,水,煤气输送钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)234-63]""公称内径",,"钢 管 螺 纹",,"外径 (mm)","普通管",,"加厚管""mm","(in.)",,"壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)","壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)""6","1/8''","10","2","0.89","2.50","0.46""8","1/4''","13.5","2.25","0.62","2.75","0.73""10","3/8''","17","2.25","0.82","2.75","0.97""15","1/2''","21.25","2.75","1.25","3.25","1.44""20","3/4''","26.75","2.75","1.63","3.5","2.01""25","1''","33.5","3.25","2.42","4","2.91""32","1 1''/4","42.25","3.25","3.13","4","3.77""40","1 1''/2","48","3.5","3.84","4.25","4.58""50","2''","60","3.5","4.88","4.5","6.16""70","2 1''/2","75.5","3.75","6.64","4.5","7.88""80","3''","88.5","4","8.34","4.75","9.81""100","4''","114","4","10.85","5","13.44""125","5''","140","4.5","15.04","5.5","18.24""150","6''","165","4.5","17.81","5.5","21.63""注(1)表列钢管是适用于输送水,煤气及采暖系统等用的钢管.分镀锌和不镀锌(黑管)两种;又分带螺纹和"" 不带螺纹两种;按壁厚可分为普通钢管,加厚钢管和薄壁钢管."" (2)钢管的长度规定为:无螺纹的黑管4~12m;带螺纹的黑管和镀锌管4~9m.每批允许有10%的(按根数计算)"" 2~4m长的短尺钢管或4~9m米长的接管(即用一个管接头将两根钢管连接而成)."" (3)经供需双方协议,可供应定尺长度或倍尺长度的钢管.其最大长度可到8m.按倍尺交货的钢管,每个单"" 倍尺应留切口5~10mm."" (4)钢管用易焊接的软钢制造,钢号和制造方法(炉焊或电焊)均由制造厂选择."" (5)钢管应能承受下列规定压力的水压试验:普通钢管和薄壁钢管:20kg/cm2;加厚钢管30kg/cm2.""电丝套管""2,电丝套管规格,重量表""名称","外径 (mm)","近似内径 (mm)","管壁厚度 (mm)","重量 (kg/m)","每吨长度 (m/t)""5/8''","15.9","12.3","1.8","0.626","1597.44""3/4''","19.1","15.5","1.8","0.627","1302.08""1''","25.4","21.8","1.8","0.628","954.20""1 1''/4","31.8","28.2","1.8","0.629","750.75""1 1''/2","38.1","34.5","1.8","0.630","620.73""电焊钢管""电焊钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)242-68]""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)",0.5,0.6,0.8,"1.0","1.2","1.4","1.5","1.6","1.8","2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","3.8","4.0",4.2,4.5,4.8,"5.0",5.5,"钢 管 的 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""(5)","0.055","0.065","0.083","0.099""(6)","0.068","0.080","0.108","0.123""(7)","0.080","0.095","0.122","0.148""(8)","0.092","0.110","0.142","0.173","(0.202)""(9)","0.105","0.125","0.162","0.197","0.231""10","0.117","0.139","0.182","0.222","(0.261)""(11)","0.129","0.154","0.201","0.247","0.290""12","0.142","0.169","0.221","0.271","0.320","0.365","(0.388)","0.411""(13)",,"0.184","0.241","0.296","0.349","0.400","0.425","0.451""(14)",,"0.199","0.260","0.321","0.379","0.434","0.462","0.490""15",,"0.214","0.280","0.345","0.409","0.468","(0.499)","0.529""16",,"0.228","0.300","0.370","0.438","0.503","(0.536)","0.568""(17)",,"0.244","0.320","0.395","0.468","0.537","0.573","0.608""18",,"0.258","0.340","0.419","0.497","0..572","(0.610)","0.647","(0.717)","(0.789)""(19)",,"0.274","0.359","0.444","0.527","0

201/2B卷—毛边（佛山）：货物产地： 广东、福建、广西、河南、江苏产品规格：1.0mm*1240mm；主流品牌：联众、宏旺、诚德、德盛、金汇；交货地点：广东省佛山市成交量：按卷交易，每单交易基本量10-15吨；付款方式：银行现汇；价格条款及计价单位：含13%增值税，人民币元/吨。 304/2B卷—毛边（佛山）：货物产地：广东、福建、广西、江苏；产品规格：2.0mm*1240mm；主流品牌：甬金、宏旺、诚德、联众、德龙；交货地点：广东省佛山市成交量：按卷交易，每单交易基本量10-15吨；付款方式：银行现汇；价格条款及计价单位：含13%增值税，工厂出厂价（人民币元/吨）。 304/2B卷—切边（佛山）：货物产地：山西、甘肃、江苏；产品规格：2.0mm*1219mm；主流品牌：太钢、酒钢、张浦；交货地点：广东省佛山市成交量：按卷交易，每单交易基本量10-15吨；付款方式：银行现汇；价格条款及计价单位：含13%增值税，工厂出厂价（人民币元/吨）。 304/No.1卷（佛山）：货物产地：江苏、广东产品规格：4.0mm*1520mm；主流品牌：青山、诚德、东特、德龙；交货地点：广东省佛山市成交量：按卷交易，每单交易基本量10-15吨；付款方式：银行现汇；价格条款及计价单位：含13%增值税，工厂出厂价（人民币元/吨）。 430/2B卷（佛山）：货物产地： 甘肃、山西产品规格：2.0mm*1219mm；主流品牌：酒钢、太钢；交货地点：广东省佛山市成交量：按卷交易，每单交易基本量10-15吨；付款方式：银行现汇；价格条款及计价单位：含13%增值税，工厂出厂价（人民币元/吨）。

今天 不锈钢板卷价格 _最新不锈钢板卷行情查询（2018年04月16日）产品名称 产品价格 价格单位 涨跌SUS420J1不锈钢板 16000 元/吨 涨SUS420F不锈钢板 13000 元/吨 涨SUS440A不锈钢板 18000 元/吨 涨SUS440B不锈钢板 18000 元/吨 涨HastelloyC-2000不锈钢板 120000 元/吨 涨654SMo不锈钢板 150000 元/吨 涨HastelloyC-276不锈钢板 130000 元/吨 涨SUS431不锈钢板 13000 元/吨 涨SUS440C不锈钢板 19200 元/吨 涨SUS410L不锈钢板 16500 元/吨 涨更多不锈钢板卷行情, 不锈钢板卷价格 信息，请关注上海有色网行情中心报价专栏：  不锈钢板卷价格 

冷轧薄钢板，简称冷轧钢板、冷轧薄板、冷轧板、冷板等。它还包括不锈钢板、弹簧钢板、硬钢片、镀锌板、镀锡板、镀铝板等。冷轧薄钢带，简称冷轧钢带、冷轧带钢、钢带、带钢、薄钢带、冷轧卷等。还包括不锈钢带、镀锌钢带、镀锡钢带等。 冷轧钢板标准 冷轧薄钢板、钢带（以下简称冷轧薄板）主要用于零件的冲压加工，而冷轧薄板的力学性能十分重要，它直接关系到板材的冲压性能。冷轧薄板是以不同的热处理状态分级的，不同硬度的材料，用于不同的加工方法，国家标准GB/T 13237-1991《优质碳素结构钢冷轧薄钢板和钢带》将冷轧薄板大致分为三级，P级用于普通冲压，S级用于深度冲压，Z级用于最深度冲压。中国冶金标准YB/T 5059-1993《低碳钢冷轧钢带》将薄钢板按硬度分为五级，即：TR（特级）、R（软）、BR（半软）、DY（低硬）和Y（冷硬）。其实通过一定的冷轧变形程度和冷轧后热处理的恰当配合，可以在广泛的范围内满足用户关于材料力学性能方面的要求。冷轧薄板根据用户加工上的要求可以分成更多的级别。例如：日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》的分类除分为一般用（spcc）、冲压用(spcd)和深冲压用（spce）三类外，还细分为退火、标准调质、1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬、全硬等级别。 在冷轧薄板力学性能的检测方面，一些标准只规定了拉伸试验，另一些标准除拉伸试验外还规定了硬度试验。 中国标准GB/T 13237-1991就只规定了拉伸试验，技术要求冷轧钢板标准如表一所示：牌号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率不小于拉延级别Z－S和PZSP08F275～365275～38034323008,08Al,10F275～390275～41032302810295～410295～43030392815F315～430315～45029282715335～450335～47027262520355～490335～50026252425——390～540——242330——440～590——222135——490～635——201940——510～650————1845——530～680————1650——540～715————14 日本标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》（该标准中包含了冷轧薄钢板和钢带）规定了拉伸试验，也规定了硬度试验，该标准的力学性能要求如下：表二：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的拉伸试验质牌号抗拉强度/MPa 不小于 伸长率/%不小于试样按以下公称厚度/mm>=0.250.250.400.601.01.6>=2.5SPCC SPCD SPCE(270) 270 270(32) 34 36(34) 36 3836 38 40　 37 39 41 　　 (38) 40 42 　39 41 435号试样轧制方向 表三：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的硬度值。调质区分符号 硬度最大HRBHV退火A57105标准调质S65115 注：厚度小于0.6mm的钢板和钢带，原则上不进行拉伸试验。 表四：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬材料的拉伸试验值。调质区分 符号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率/%最小试样1/8硬8294～410255号试样轧制方向1/4硬4370～490101/2硬2440～590——硬1>=550——     表五：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬状态的硬度值。调质区分符号HRBHV1/8硬 1/4硬8450～7165～8095～130 115～1501/2硬 硬2174～89 ≥85135～185 ≥170注：HRB和HV，仅选用其中之一。英国标准BS 1449/1.9-1991《厚板、薄板和钢带第一部分：碳素钢和碳锰钢厚板、薄板和钢带具有成形性能的冷轧窄钢带技术条件》对冷轧板分级为CS1（铝镇静稳定化超深冲）、CS2（超深冲）、CS3（深冲）、CS4（折边）、CS15（商品级）。这项标准的力学性能要求如表六所示： 表六：钢材交货时的力学性能轧制状态和级别退火（A）或平整冷轧（SP）状态硬度HV1)2)最大屈服强度Re1)/MPa最小抗拉强度Rm1)/MPa最小伸长率A1)/%最小弯心直径1)（180°弯曲）原始标距LO50mm80mmCS1A9514027038（36）0aSP10514027036（34）0aCS2A9514027036（34）0a SP10014027036（34）0aCS3A100（140）（280）（34）（32）0aSP110（140）（280）（34）（32）0aCS4A105（140）（280）——0aSP115（140）（280）——0a 注：1）窄钢带交货应符合，或者硬度和弯曲试验，或者拉伸和弯曲试验，但硬度和拉伸试验不应同时进行。     2）对于SP（平整冷轧）状态，与镀层精整（PL）或镜面光洁度（MF），或以“无拉伸痕”交货的钢材组合，最大硬度可以提高5个HV或抗拉强度可以提高20MPa。     3）牌号CS2、CS3和CS4的硬度值仅适用于沸腾钢。 如上所述冷轧薄板的力学性能可以通过拉伸试验来检测，也可以通过硬度试验来检测。由于硬度试验设备简单、易于掌握，试验效率高，并且金属硬度与强度之间有一定的对应关系，所以硬度检测是确定材料力学性能的更方便的方法。冷轧薄板的硬度检测可以用于冷轧板生产过程的质量控制，更适于生产冲压产品的厂家对原材料进行力学性能的复检。 日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996规定的硬度试验是洛氏硬度HRB和维氏硬度HV。维氏硬度试验可用于冷轧薄板，但洛氏硬度HRB却不适用于测试薄板材料。因为当板材厚度小于2mm时，测试HRB硬度可能会因为发生“测砧效应”而使测量的硬度值失准。对于薄板材料，可以测试表面洛氏硬度HRN或HRT，然后换算成HRB或HV硬度。冷轧钢板标准生产了一种便携式表面洛氏硬度计，它非常适合测试薄板和钢带材料，它可以在生产现场、销售现场或材料仓库快速进行冷轧薄板材料的洛氏硬度检测，完成一次测量仅需要10秒钟时间，检测的板材厚度范围为0.05-50mm。这种仪器可以用在冷轧薄板带的生产线上，对产品的热处理效果进行在线的质量控制。这种仪器更适用于冲压产品的生产厂家。可以用它对购入的板材硬度进行复检，可以携带它去钢材市场选购材料，也可以利用它对自己厂生产的冲压产品进行硬度检测。 这种仪器如果配上一个支承座，还可以放到办公桌上使用。可以对成批的成品或半成品工件做逐件检测。它的测试精度与台式洛氏硬度计相同。 目前冷轧薄带材料正在向超薄方向发展，据报道，上海宝钢已扎制出厚度为0.08mm的冷轧薄板带材。采用本所生产的PHR-1S型表面洛氏硬度计，配一个金刚点砧座，就可测试薄至0.05mm冷轧薄板带材料的硬度。 这种应用完全可以取代维氏硬度计，使冷轧薄板材料的力学性能检测实现快速、简便、经济。

不锈钢软管，材质为304不锈钢或301不锈钢，用作自动化仪表信号的保护管和仪表的电线电缆保护管，规格从3mm到150mm。超小口径不锈钢软管（4mm-12mm）为精密电子设备,传感器线路之保护提供解决方案,用于精密光学尺之传感线路保护、工业传感器线路保护。具有良好的柔软性、耐蚀性、耐高温、耐磨损、抗拉性。 不锈钢软管 　　主要产品：生产Φ3-Φ100单扣P3型不锈钢软管，Φ4-Φ25双扣P4型不锈钢软管|单双勾不锈钢软管|P3型P4型单双钩金属软管|不锈钢软管|单扣软管|双扣软管|电线（气）抗拉保护软管|棉线不锈钢金属软管|IC卡（公用）电话机，电信软管|仪器仪表、铠装光缆、传感器专用金属软管|燃气表、压力表、流量计、涂装设备不锈钢金属软管、智能远传水表穿线软管、光栅尺不锈钢金属软管等各种机械不锈钢穿线软管，金属电气保护软管及接头。 　　不锈钢仪表线路配管, 用于保护机械设备仪表线路,产品质量保证，是机械仪表制造厂商的首选配件，内径3mm-10mm,柔软度良好，防尘防锈，抗磨损，并且提供一定的屏蔽作用。 　　用途：用作自动化仪表信号的保护管和仪表的电线保护管.　　不锈钢软管、金属软管、不锈钢金属软管专业制造厂商，用于保护仪表线路、精密光学尺线路、保护传感线路；P3型P4型不锈钢穿线软管，不锈钢护套软管专业生产企业。 　　超小口径不锈钢金属软管(3mm-15mm)为精密电子设备,传感器线路之保护提供解决方案,用于精密光学尺之传感线路保护、工业传感器线路保护。具有良好的柔软性、耐蚀性、耐高温、耐磨损、抗拉性。不锈钢仪表线路保护配管 　　不锈钢仪表线路配管(软管）：3mm-25mm 　　*用于保护仪表线路、保护精密光学尺、保护传感线路的不锈钢金属穿线软管，金属电气保护软管 　　*不锈钢软管，柔软度良好，防尘防锈 　　*抗磨损，并且提供一定的屏蔽作用　　不锈钢软管又称不锈钢金属软管（英文名称：Metal Hose） 　　波纹管系列制品之一。 　　金属软管是工程技术中重要的连接构件，由波纹柔性管、网套和接头结合而成。在各种输气、输液管路系统以及长度、温度、位置和角度补偿系统中作为补偿元件、密封元件、连接元件以及减震元件，应用于航空航天、石油化工、矿山电子、机械造船、医疗卫生、轻纺电子、能源建筑等各领域。 　　我国已于1993年发布了国家标准《波纹金属软管通用技术条件》（GB/T14525-93）。 　　不锈钢软管采用奥氏体不锈钢材料或按用户要求的材料制造，具有优良的柔软性，耐蚀性，耐高温性（－235℃ ～ ＋450℃)，耐高压性（最高为32MPa），在管路中可对任何方向进行连接，用以温度补偿和吸收振动、降低噪声、改变介质输送方向、消除管道间或管道与设备间的机械位移等，双法兰金属波纹软管对有位移、振动的各种泵、阀等的柔性接头尤为适用。 　　不锈钢软管使用的波纹管有两种，一种是螺旋形波纹管；另一种是环形波纹管。 　　螺旋形波纹管 　　螺旋形波纹管是波纹呈螺旋状排布的管形壳体，在相邻的两波纹之间有一个螺旋升角，所有的波纹都可通过一条螺旋线连接起来。 　　环形波纹管 　　环形波纹管是波纹呈闭合圆环状的管形壳体，波与波之间由圆环波纹串联而成。环形波纹管由无缝管材或焊接管材加工成形。受加工方式制约，较之螺旋形波纹管，其单管长度通常较短。环形波纹管的优点是弹性好、刚度小。

浅显地说，不锈钢就是不容易生锈的钢，实际上一部分不锈钢，既有不锈性，又有耐酸性（耐蚀性）。不锈钢的不锈性和耐蚀性是因为其表面上富铬氧化膜（钝化膜）的构成。这种不锈性和耐蚀性是相对的。实验标明，钢在大气、水等弱介质中和硝酸等氧化性介质中，其耐蚀性随钢中铬含水量的添加而进步，当铬含量到达必定的百分比时，钢的耐蚀性发作骤变，即从易生锈到不易生锈，从不耐蚀到耐腐蚀。不锈钢的分类办法许多。按室温下的安排结构分类，有马氏体型、奥氏体型、铁素体和双相不锈钢；按首要化学成分分类，基本上可分为铬不锈钢和铬镍不锈钢两大体系；按用处分则有耐硝酸不锈钢、耐硫酸不锈钢、耐海水不锈钢等等，按耐蚀类型分可分为耐点蚀不锈钢、耐应力腐蚀不锈钢、耐晶间腐蚀不锈钢等；按功用特色分类又可分为无磁不锈钢、易切削不锈钢、低温不锈钢、高强度不锈钢等等。因为不锈钢材具有优异的耐蚀性、成型性、相容性以及在很宽温度范围内的强耐性等系列特色，所以在重工业、轻工业、生活用品职业以及建筑装修等职业中获取得广泛的运用。 奥氏体不锈钢在常温下具有奥氏体安排的不锈钢。钢中含Cr约18%、Ni 8%~10%、C约0.1%时，具有安稳的奥氏体安排。奥氏体铬镍不锈钢包含闻名的18Cr-8Ni钢和在此基础上添加Cr、Ni含量并参加Mo、Cu、Si、Nb、Ti等元素发展起来的高Cr-Ni系列钢。奥氏体不锈钢无磁性并且具有高耐性和塑性，但强度较低，不可能经过相变使之强化，仅能经过冷加工进行强化。如参加S，Ca，Se，Te等元素，则具有杰出的易切削性。此类钢除耐氧化性酸介质腐蚀外，假如含有Mo、Cu等元素还本领硫酸、磷酸以及、醋酸、尿素等的腐蚀。此类钢中的含碳量若低于0.03%或含Ti、Ni，就可显着进步其耐晶间腐蚀功能。高硅的奥氏体不锈钢浓硝酸肯有杰出的耐蚀性。因为奥氏体不锈钢具有全面的和杰出的归纳功能，在各行各业中取得了广泛的运用。　　铁素体不锈钢　　在运用状态下以铁素体安排为主的不锈钢。含铬量在11%~30%，具有体心立方晶体结构。这类钢一般不含镍，有时还含有少数的Mo、Ti、Nb比及元素，这类钢具导热系数大，膨胀系数小、抗氧化性好、抗应力腐蚀优秀等特色，多用于制作耐大气、水蒸气、水及氧化性酸腐蚀的零部件。这类钢存在塑性差、焊后塑性和耐蚀性显着下降一级缺陷，因而约束了它的运用。炉外精粹技能（AOD或VOD）的运用可使碳、氮等空隙元素大大下降，因而使这类钢取得广泛运用。　　奥氏体--铁素体双相不锈钢　　是奥氏体和铁素体安排各约占一半的不锈钢。在含C较低的情况下，Cr含量在18%~28%，Ni含量在3%~10%。有些钢还含有Mo、Cu、Si、Nb、Ti，N等合金元素。该类钢兼有奥氏体和铁素体不锈钢的特色，与铁素体比较，塑性、耐性更高，无室温脆性，耐晶间腐蚀功能和焊接功能均显着进步，一起还保持有铁素体不锈钢的475℃脆性以及导热系数高，具有超塑性等特色。与奥氏体不锈钢比较，强度高且耐晶间腐蚀和耐氯化物应力腐蚀有显着进步。双相不锈钢具有优秀的耐孔蚀功能，也是一种节镍不锈钢。　　马氏体不锈钢　　经过热处理能够调整其力学功能的不锈钢，浅显地说，是一类可硬化的不锈钢。典型牌号为Cr13型，如2Cr13 ,3Cr13 ,4Cr13等。粹火后硬度较高，不同回火温度具有不同强耐性组合，首要用于蒸汽轮机叶片、餐具、外科手术器械。依据化学成分的差异，马氏体不锈钢可分为马氏体铬钢和马氏体铬镍钢两类。依据安排和强化机理的不同，还可分为马氏体不锈钢、马氏体和半奥氏体（或半马氏体）沉积硬化不锈钢以及马氏体时效不锈钢等。

不锈钢与普通碳钢相比投资成本较高，使它一直不能用作普通结构件。不过目前评估结构件总体成本的因素越来越多，例如：耐腐蚀性，特别是在沿海地区，减少维修量和降低维修成本都会对整体寿命周期成本产生巨大的影响。　　核电工业就是一个典型的例子，在核电工业中，结构件需要有很长的使用寿命，因其不便于维修甚至不可 能进行维修。　　1．核工业　　以Sellafield核回收厂为例，该厂的接收和储藏池顶部（跨度为41．5米，长100米）的结构框架共用了350吨左右的321S12不锈钢。　　4米深的桁梁是用钢板压成角钢制作而成的，规格从200×200×1600mm到100×100×10mm。作为顶部檩子的矩形空心型材（300×200×8mm）是由圆形空心型材（直径324mm，厚度10mm）支撑的。　　2．砖墙支撑角钢　　在墙内的潜在腐蚀环境中，同样使用了数千吨不锈钢作为支撑砖墙的座角钢。　　这一点将在本文后面详细论述。　　3．露天体育场　　意大利新Bari体育场的维护是一大难题，而且是一项耗资巨大的工程，为此选用了不锈钢。　　涂有聚四氟乙烯的玻璃纤维漆布屋顶是由不锈钢构件和拉杆组成的框架支撑，把漆布绷紧。　　在使用直径为193．7mm，厚度为4～10mm的管材的同时，使用了20吨棒材和15吨板材。　　通过海上平台这种特殊应用实例，NiDI已经证明如果考虑整体寿命成本，即：首先是安装成本再加上日后的维护修理或更换部件的费用，采用不锈钢是一个节省开支的措施。不锈钢由于其美观和作为结构件的功能可以用作购物中心等场所的扶栏或作为表现建筑特征的玻璃支架。　　4．BOND街购物中心　　防火玻璃幕墙全部由不锈钢框架支撑。　　除活动接头外，从地面到各楼层一直到　　楼顶的竖框全部是一体的。竖框所用型钢为60X30X3mm的矩型空心型钢。　　在下面介绍的地铁系统中，由于减压系统的效应，设计中必须允许有空气压力差。　　预计空气的流速为5英里/小时，相当于0．25千牛顿／平方米的载荷。扶栏由竖框支撑，能承受的水平载荷为0．74千牛顿／平方米。　　安装后允许的挠度为25mm。通过变形或楼板间的垂直移动对框架进行补偿。　　5．BUSH LANE大厦　　该大厦充分表明了作为工程材料和结构用途的不锈钢的所有特点。由于位置的限制和由于下面是地铁网架桩深度的限制，构架位于建筑物外方。网架结构的结构件是用离心铸造生产的，具有12．5～30mm的不同厚度。节点为砂型铸造，为向伦敦市中心的一个建筑物提供必要时的防火，整个构架内充满了水。　　结构设计指南　　目前能够提供给设计人员的结构设计指南很有限，使现有的结构型材不能得到更广泛的应用。这种情况在最近几年发生了很大的变化。就材料本身而言，目前广泛出版的不锈钢标准共有57个标准钢种，按冶金结构可分为奥氏体、铁素体和马氏体，这么多的钢种会使设计中不常使用不锈钢的设计人员无从选择。他们最常提到的问题是"我该用哪个钢种？"这些材料的机械性能数据与碳钢的不同，使设计人员面临的问题更多。　　要帮助设计人员利用不锈钢，要采取哪些措施呢？过去的四年中，在日本、美国和欧洲出版了不锈钢结构设计指南。　　1．美国的研究成果　　为了对1974年出版的AISI冷成型结构设计手册进行修订，NiDI进行了为期四年的研究，其研究结果见1991年出版的美国国家标准协会（ANSI）和美国土木工程师学会（ASCE）标准ANSI／ASCE8-90。这本1974年出版的手册是许多年来结构设计人员唯一的一本关于不锈钢应用的资料。　　新的ANSI／ASCE标准是利用极限状态设计原则制定的。这一标准已经被过去几年中起草的绝大多数有关结构的业务法规所采用。　　不过许用应力的设计方法仍在使用。因为这两份文献都是现行的，采用哪种方法取决于设计人员。新的设计指南中的附件E只是简要地介绍了许用应力设计方法，详细内容见本项研究的（进展报告（3））。　　2．不锈钢钢种　　ANSI／ASCE标准中包括的材料如下；　　铁素体钢种：409、430和439　　奥氏体钢种：201、301、304和316　　经过退火的1／16、1／4和半硬材料都属于奥氏体钢，这些钢种冷加工时会产生加工硬化。　　NiDI和国际铬开发协会（现为国际铬开发协会）是该项目的赞助单位。　　3．英国的研究成果　　它们也是在英国所进行的研究的主要赞助单位，该研究结果将成为制定欧洲结构不锈钢标准的基础。　　该指南完全是依据极限状态原则编写的，它包括冷成型结构件和板材加工而成的结构件。研究过程中有些试验是在从未试验过的大型不锈钢型材上进行的。　　①钢种--英国研究成果　　尽管不锈钢的铁素体钢种包括在美国的ANSI／ASCE标准中，但未包括在英国设计手册中。　　英国的设计手册中只包括了三种奥氏体不锈钢钢种，即：　　奥氏体钢种：304L、316L和铁索体／奥氏体双相2205。　　选择少量钢种的原因很简单，因为目前可使用的碳结钢总共只有三种。使用L编号是因为这些低碳钢种能够焊接，不会出现与晶间腐蚀有关的问题。英国的手册中不包括加工硬化材料。这并不意味着不锈钢的其它钢种或加工硬化材料的使用不属于结构钢的应用范畴。　　双向不锈钢因两相兼有而强度高，其强度高于高强度碳钢，这种材料已成功地用于北海的海上石油平台。　　②BUSH LANE大厦　　该大厦是一个将双相不锈钢用作结构件的好例子。　　该大厦位于伦敦的CONNON街，地铁站上面纵横交错的地铁隧道限制了地桩的深度和位置。　　为此在建筑物的外边使用了结构框架，并利用网架结构将载荷传到支撑柱上。　　使用的离心铸管的直径分别为194mm、324mm和512mm，前两种铸管的壁厚9．5mm，最大的铸管管壁厚度为12．5～30mm。　　节点是砂铸的。　　采用的表面是经过玻璃球喷丸，表面加工相当于63CLA。材料的屈服强度为380N／mm2，抗拉强度650～780N／mm2，延伸率30％。该材料含碳0．08％，铬21％，镍5．5％，钼2％。　　NiDI和欧洲不锈钢协会（EUROINOX）已经出版了不锈钢结构设计手册。　　欧洲负责制定标准的机构计划出版一套不锈结构钢的业务规程，而且将编入EUROCODE3的1．4节中。　　NiDI已经将其研究结果提供给了编制EUROCODE的有关人员，1．4节就是按我们起草的内容编写的。　　设计规则　　为什么不锈钢不能沿用碳素结构钢的设计规则？　　碳钢的设计规则不能用于不锈钢是因为碳钢与不锈钢之间有着根本的区别：　　1．不锈钢没有屈服点，通常以ó0.2来表示该屈服应力被认为是当量值。　　2．应力／应变曲线形状不同，不锈钢的弹性极限大约是屈服应力的50％，就标准中所规定的最小值而论，该屈服应力值低于中碳钢的屈服应力值。　　3．冷加工时不锈钢产生加工硬化，例如，弯曲时具有各向异性，即：横向和纵向性能不同。　　可以利用由冷加工而增高的强度，不过如果与总面积相比弯曲面积较小而忽略不计这种增加时，强度增高可以在一定程度上提高安全系数。　　基本设计程序　　不锈钢的设计程序大体上是从现适用于结构工程设计的各个方面的原则派生出来的。　　但是由于通常使用的不锈钢是薄规格型钢，所以，它的设计过程比碳钢薄规格材料复杂得多。　　重要的是确定不锈钢的最终用途，因为在许多应用中不锈钢不仅作为结构件而且要起到美观的作用。　　为了防止构件受力部分出现局部弯曲和变形，关键的因素是材料的宽度和厚度之比的极限值。　　还有一点也很重要，值得一提，即：材料标准规定了ó0.2的最小值，对于建筑物所用的奥氏体不锈钢，该值大约是240N／mm2，但是，材料的特征强度一般要比该值高出15％，设计人员应将这一强度系数考虑在内。　　设计依据　　1．不锈钢和碳结钢之比较　　首先，看一下普通碳结钢与不锈钢之间的主要区别。　　2．应力／应变曲线图　　碳钢的应力／应变曲线的线性部分实际上是一条直达屈服点的直线，而不锈钢的线性区大约是ó0.2的50％。　　当应力级在非弹性区时，用于结构设计中的弯曲设计理论和虎克定律，即：应力与应变成比例，不真正适用于不锈钢。因此，在应力级较低的情况下，对不锈钢构件结构进行设计比较简单，但是在应力级较高的情况下，需要查阅变形和局部弯曲的标准。　　3．张力　　在现代结构法规中，拉伸应力加上载荷系数与毛断面的材料的屈服应力联系在一起，抗拉极限强度与屈服应力的比值用于校 验净截面。　　不锈钢的抗拉极限强度与屈服应力之比为2．4，而碳钢中该范围是1．6～2．1。　　拉伸构件需要对其强度进行两项检查：　　 ①毛断面的屈服应力　　 ②净有效断面的拉伸极限强度（最大 1．2）　　4．压力　　压力取决于屈服应力和模数，因为受压杆件的破坏通常是由于挠曲引起的，而挠曲本身又与刚度有关。因此，用减小E值来增大所能承受的力是很有必要的。因为这表明在细长比一定的条件下，不锈钢构件的纵向弯曲力低于相同的碳钢结构件。　　细长比较低时，两种材料一样。　　细长比较高时，应力低，强度类似，但细长比在80～120的中间值范围内，不锈钢的纵向弯曲力较低。　　5．弯曲　　在没有纵向弯曲情况下，弯曲应力一般与屈服应力有关。各种规则即使是含有弹性设计的规则，都认识到了形状系数的重要性。形状系数把梁的塑性力矩值增加到远远高于开始屈服时能力的值。　　但是，不锈钢应变硬化在开始屈服后立即开始，因此，外纤维增加而内纤维仍在弹性区内变形。所以，由于应变硬化，不锈钢能够具有较高的弯曲能力。　　不过在EUROCODE3第1．4节中没有提供塑性分析的内容。　　6．剪力和压力　　它们与刚度无关，而是直接关系到屈服应力和极限应力。应变硬化可以提高安全裕度。7.纵横向性能在英国的研究中，材料检验的结果普遍表明纵横性能差不超过7．5％。　　美国的结构分析和设计　　新版ANSI／ASCE标准利用许用载荷和力距替代了许用应力。　　因此，安全载荷的计算方法是在为所使用的构件和连接件计算得出的最大强度、纵向弯曲力或屈服力加上一个安全系数。大多数条款中还使用了无因次方程，从而可以方便地使用任何单位进行设计，同时还简化了载荷和抗力设计格式的转换。　　有关结构不锈钢的设计　　1．"冷成型结构件技术规格"，参见ANSI／ASCE8-90，可以向ASCE索取。　　2. EUROINOX（欧洲不锈钢）协会的"结构不锈钢设计手册"。　　不锈钢的耐高温性　　不锈钢作为结构件，例如，砖墙的支撑角钢，很可能会遇到出现火情时的高温。　　不锈钢的性能优于碳钢性能，NiDI在电缆桥架上进行的试验已经充分说明这一点，并在录像片"最有效的解决方法"中作了介绍。　　1.直接受热　　对电缆桥架进行直接受热试验是最能说明问题的。电缆桥架的承载能力相同。为了模拟典型的工作环境，试验时的加载量是它们可能承载的50％。　　3米长的桥架由18个煤气烧嘴加热，产生的温度高达1000℃ 以上。　　铝质桥架在26秒内完全毁坏。　　玻璃钢桥架没等烧嘴全部点燃就毁坏了。　　碳钢桥架经历了5分钟的试验，达到了炼油厂的要求，达到的最高温度是811℃ 。　　5分钟后的挠度为166mm。　　不锈钢桥架持续了45分钟，当时不幸的是罐内的气体被用完了。不过试验过程中，有14分钟温度在1000℃ 以上，有30分钟温度在900℃以上。　　在整个试验过程中，不锈钢不仅保持其结构的完整性，而且在试验结束时挠度只有80mm--不到碳钢的一半。　　这一性能是在厚度仅为2mm的试样上得出的。　　不锈钢不仅承受载荷能力的时间比碳钢长，而且不会通过导热使火情扩大。因为不锈钢的导热值较低。　　支撑砖砌体的角钢　　这种角钢广泛用于砖覆盖结构的承载件。不锈钢角钢连接在两层楼之间的混凝土或钢质框架上。这样可以快速、准确地安装面板。这种角钢的基本设计很简单，因为角钢被看作是一个支撑悬臂。为了计算有关的应力和挠度确定了三个简单的规则。　　有关这些设计规则的小册子可以向NiDI索取。按吨计算的话，支撑角钢每年在英国占有大约7000吨的市场。

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板。冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，冷轧钢板的密度不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。冷轧钢板的密度：热轧钢板含碳量可比冷轧钢板略高些。在成份相持不大的情况下密度是一样的。但如果成份相差悬殊，如不锈钢不论冷轧、热轧密度都在7.9g/cm3左右。具体还要看成份，热轧只是延展性更好，钢材同样受到压力作用

316和316L不锈钢 316和317不锈钢（317不锈钢的性能见后）是含钼不锈钢种。317不锈钢中的钼含量略高明于316不锈钢.由于钢中钼，该钢种总的性能优于310和304不锈钢，高温条件下，当硫酸的浓度低于15％和高于85％时，316不锈钢具有广泛的用途。316不锈钢还具有良好的而氯化物侵蚀的性能，所以通常用于海洋环境。 316L不锈钢的最大碳含量0.03,可用于焊接后不能进行退火和需要最大耐腐蚀性的用途中。 耐腐蚀性 耐腐蚀性能优于304不锈钢，在浆和造纸的生产过程中具有良好的耐腐蚀的性能。而且316不锈钢还耐海洋和侵蚀性工业大气的侵蚀。 耐热性 在1600度以下的间断使用和在1700度以下的连续使用中，316不锈钢具有好的耐氧化性能。在800-1575度的范围内，最好不要连续作用316不锈钢，但在该温度范围以外连续使用316不锈钢时，该不锈钢具有良好的耐热性。316L不锈钢的耐碳化物析出的性能比316不锈钢更好，可用上述温度范围。 热处理 在1850-2050度的温度范围内进行退火，然后迅速退火，然后迅速冷却。316不锈钢不能过热处理进行硬化。 焊接 316不锈钢具有良好的焊接性能。可采用所有标准的焊接方法进行焊接。焊接时可根据用途，分别采用316Cb、316L或309Cb不锈钢填料棒或焊条进行焊接。为获得最佳的耐腐蚀性能，316不锈钢钢的焊接断面需要进行焊后退火处理。如果使用316L不锈钢，不需要进行焊后退火处理。 典型用途 纸浆和造纸用设备热交换器、染色设备、胶片冲洗设备、管道、沿海区域建筑物外部用材料。

不锈钢按照钢的金相组织划分：分为奥氏体型不锈钢、奥氏体-铁素体型不锈钢、铁素体型不锈钢、马氏体型不锈钢和沉淀硬化型不锈钢5类；钢铁产品牌号的表示，一般采用汉语拼音字母，化学元素符号和阿拉伯数字相结合的方法表示。序号种类中国不锈钢牌号前苏联不锈钢牌号德国不锈钢牌号法国不锈钢牌号日本不锈钢牌号美国不锈钢牌号英国不锈钢牌号国际标准瑞典不锈钢牌号(GB)(TOCT)(DIN)(NF)(JIS)AISI/ ASTMUNSSAE(BS)(ISO)(SS14)1奥1Cr17Mn6Ni5N12X17T9AH4——SUS201201S2010030201—A-2—2　1Cr18Mn8Ni5N12X17T9AH4X8CrMnNi189Z15CNM19.08SUS202202S2020030202284S16A-323573　1Cr18Mn10Ni5Mo3N——————————4　2Cr13Mn9Ni420X13H4T9—————————5氏1Cr17Ni709X17H7ЮX12CrNi17.7Z12CN17.07SUS301301S3010030301301S2114—6　1Cr17Ni8—X12CrNi17.7—SUS301J1——————7　1Cr18Ni912X18H9X12CrNi18.8Z10CN18.09SUS302302S3020030302302S251223318　Y1Cr18Ni9—X12CrNiS18.8Z10CNF18.09SUS303303S3030030303303S211723469体Y1Cr18Ni9Se12X18H10E——SUS303Se303SeS3032330303Se303S4117—10　1Cr18Ni9Si3—X12CrNiSi18.8—SUS302B302BS3021530302B———11　0Cr18Ni908X18H10X5CrNi18.9Z6CN18.09SUS304304S3040030304304S15112332　　型233312　00Cr18Ni1003X18H11X2CrNi18.9Z2CN18.09SUS304L304LS3040330304L304S1210—13　0Cr19Ni9N———SUS404N1304NS30451————14　0Cr19Ni10NbN—X5CrNiNb18.9—SUS304N2XM21S30452————15钢00Cr18Ni10N—X2CrNiN18.10Z2CN18.10SUS304LN304LNS30453—304S62—2371　　　(Az)16　1Cr18Ni1212X18H12TX5CrNi19.11Z8CN18.12SUS305305S3050030305305S1913—17　0Cr18Ni128X18H12T、06X18H11X5CrNi19.11Z8CN18.12———————18　0Cr23Ni13—X7CrNi23.14—SUS309S309SS3090830309S———19　0Cr25Ni20———SUS310S310SS3100830310S——236120　0Cr17Ni12Mo208X17H13M2TX5CrNiMo18.10Z6CND17.12SUS316316S3160030316316S1620,20a234721　1Cr17Ni12Mo210X17H13M2T—————————22　0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti08X17H13M2TX10CrNiMoTi18.10Z6CNDT17.12————320S31—2343　　320S17-235023　1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti10X17H13M2TX10CrNiMoTi18.10Z8CNDT17.12——————235024　00Cr17Ni14Mo203X17H14M2X2CrNiMo18.10Z2CND17.12SUS316L316LS3160330316L316S1219,19a235325　0Cr17Ni12Mo2N———SUS316N316NS31651————26　00Cr17Ni13Mo2N—X2CrNiMoN18.12Z2CND17.12SUS316LN316LNS31653—316S61—2375　(AZ)27　0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2———SUS316J1——————28　00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2———SUS316J11——————29　0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti08X17H15M3T—Z6CNDT17.13———————30　1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti10X17H13M3TX10CrNiMoTi18.12Z8CNDT17.13B———————31　0Cr19Ni13Mo308X17H15M3TX5CrNiMo17.13—SUS317317S3170030317317S1625—32　00Cr19Ni13Mo303X16H15M3X2CrNiMo18.16Z2CND19.15SUS317L317LS31703—317S1224236733　0Cr18Ni16Mo5———SUS317J1——————34　1Cr18Ni9Ti12X18H9TX12CrNiTi18.9Z10CNT18.10SUS321321S3210030321321S20—233735　0Cr18Ni10Ti08X18H10TX10CrNiTi18.9Z6CNT18.11SUS321321S3210030321321S1215—36　1Cr18Ni11Ti12X18H10T——————321S20——37　0Cr18Ni11Nb08X18H12BX10CrNiNb18.9Z6CNNb18.10SUS347347S3470030347347S1716233838　1Cr18Ni11Nb12X18H12B—————————39　0Cr18Ni9Cu3——Z6CNU18.10SUSXM7XM7S30430——D32—40　0Cr18Ni13Si4———SUSXM15J1XM15S38100————41奥氏体∣铁素体型钢0Cr26Ni5Mo208X21H6M2TX8CrNiMo275—SUS329J1329S32900———2324421Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi15X18H12C4TЮ—————————431Cr21Ni5Ti12X21H5T—————————4400Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2——————————4500Cr24Ni6Mo3N——————————46铁0Cr13A11X12CЮX7CrAl13Z6CA13SUS405405S4050051405405S172230247　00Cr12———SUS410L——————48素1Cr15———SUS429429S4290051429———49　00Cr17———SUS430LX——————50体1Cr1712X7X8Cr17Z8C17SUS430430S4300051430430S158232051　Y1Cr17—X12CrMoS17Z10CF17SUS430F430FS4302051430F—8a238352型1Cr17Mo—X6CrMo17Z8CD17.01SUS434434S4340051434434S179c232553　00Cr17Mo———SUS436L——————54钢00Cr18Mo2———SUS44418Cr2Mo—————55　1Cr25Ti15X25TX8Cr28——446S4460051446——232256　00Cr27Mo——Z01CD26.1SUSXM27XM27S44625————57　00Cr30Mo2———SUS447J1—S44700————58马1Cr12———SUS403403S4030051403403S17—230159氏0Cr1308X13X7Cr13、X7Cr14Z6C13SUS410S410SS41008—430S171—60体1Cr1312X13X10Cr13Z12C13SUS410410S4100051410410S213230261型1Cr13Mo—X15CrMo13—SUS410J1——————62钢Y1Cr13—X12CrS13Z12CF13SUS416416S4160051416416S217238063　2Cr1320X13X20Cr13Z20C13SUS420J1420

&nbsp;&nbsp;不锈钢镍价市场波澜不惊地度过了2010年的第一个季度。3个月来,消息面始终是多空交织、喜忧参半。尤其近期,受智利地震、美元走强、希腊危机及我国西南干旱等不利因素影响,市场氛围趋于紧张,投资者长期观望,成交平淡。尽管欧盟国家和国际货币基金组织(IMF)经过数周讨价还价,在投资者极度看空的紧要关头宣布向希腊伸出援手,而美国也明确表示其经济仍需要超低利率,给徘徊多日的低迷市场予以支撑,但目前似乎还没有看到显著效果。　　然而,就当多数金属走势还在翘首等待政策指引的时候,镍价一支独秀,走出了一波独立行情,第一季度表现明显优于其他金属。据伦敦金属交易所数据显示,LME三个月期镍触及2008年5月以来最高的25085美元/吨,于4月1日收报24995美元/吨,上涨695美元/吨 <span style="font-size: 10.5pt; color: #3

一种通用性的不锈钢，它广泛地用于制作要求良好综合性能(耐腐蚀和成型性)的设备和机件。  在建筑中能经受一般的锈蚀，可抵抗食品加工介质浸蚀（但含有浓酸和氯化物成分的高温状态可能出现腐蚀），能抵抗有机化合物、染料和广泛的各种各样的无机化合物。304L型（低碳），耐硝酸性好，并耐用中等温度和浓度的硫酸，广泛地用作液态气体贮罐，用作低温设备（304N）、器具其它消费产品，厨房设备、医院设备、运输工具、废水处理装置。 304 是一种通用性的不锈钢，它广泛地用于制作要求良好综合性能（耐腐蚀和成型性）的设备和机件。  301 不锈钢在形变时呈现出明显的加工硬化现象，被用于要求较高强度的各种场合。  302 不锈钢实质上就是含碳量更高的304不锈钢的变种，通过冷轧可使其获得较高的强度。  302B 是一种含硅量较高的不锈钢，它具有较高的抗高温氧化性能。  303和303Se 是分别含有硫和硒的易切削不锈钢，用于主要要求易切削和表而光浩度高的场合。303Se不锈钢也用于制作需要热镦的机件，因为在这类条件下，这种不锈钢具有良好的可热加工性。  304L 是碳含量较低的304不锈钢的变种，用于需要焊接的场合。较低的碳含量使得在靠近焊缝的热影响区中所析出的碳化物减至最少，而碳化物的析出可能导致不锈钢在某些环境中产生晶间腐蚀（焊接侵蚀）。  304N 是一种含氮的不锈钢，加氮是为了提高钢的强度。  305和384 不锈钢含有较高的镍，其加工硬化率低，适用于对冷成型性要求高的各种场合。  308 不锈钢用于制作焊条。  309、310、314及330 不锈钢的镍、铬含量都比较高，为的是提高钢在高温下的抗氧化性能和蠕变强度。而30S5和310S乃是309和310不锈钢的变种，所不同者只是碳含量较低，为的是使焊缝附近所析出的碳化物减至最少。330不锈钢有着特别高的抗渗碳能力和抗热震性．  316和317 型不锈钢含有铝，因而在海洋和化学工业环境中的抗点腐蚀能力大大地优于304不锈钢。其中，316型不锈钢由变种包括低碳不锈钢316L、含氮的高强度不锈钢316N以及合硫量较高的易切削不锈钢316F。  321、347及348 是分别以钛，铌加钽、铌稳定化的不锈钢，适宜作高温下使用的焊接构件。348是一种适用于核动力工业的不锈钢，对钽和钻的合量有着一定的限制。  不锈钢都能提供今人满意的耐蚀性能。根据使用的经验来看，除机械失效外，不锈钢的腐蚀主要表现在：不锈钢的一种严重的腐蚀形式是局部腐蚀（亦即应力腐蚀开裂、点腐蚀、晶间腐蚀、腐蚀疲劳以及缝隙腐蚀）。这些局部腐蚀所导致的失效事例几乎占失效事例的一半以上。事实上，很多失效事故是可以通过合理的选材而予以避免的。  应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）：是指承受应力的合金在腐蚀性环境中由于烈纹的扩展而互生失效的一种通用术语。应力腐蚀开裂具有脆性断口形貌，但它也可能发生于韧性高的材料中。发生应力腐蚀开裂的必要条件是要有拉应力（不论是残余应力还是外加应力，或者两者兼而有之）和特定的腐蚀介质存在。型纹的形成和扩展大致与拉应力方向垂直。这个导致应力腐蚀开裂的应力值，要比没有腐蚀介质存在时材料断裂所需要的应力值小得多。在微观上，穿过晶粒的裂纹称为穿晶裂纹，而沿晶界扩图的裂纹称为沿晶裂纹，当应力腐蚀开裂扩展至其一深度时（此处，承受载荷的材料断面上的应力达到它在空气中的断裂应力），则材料就按正常的裂纹（在韧性材料中，通常是通过显微缺陷的聚合）而断开。因此，由于应力腐蚀开裂而失效的零件的断面，将包含有应力腐蚀开裂的特征区域以及与已微缺陷的聚合相联系的“韧窝”区域。  点腐蚀：是一种导致腐蚀的局部腐蚀形式。  晶间腐蚀：晶粒间界是结晶学取向不同的晶粒间紊乱错合的界城，因而，它们是钢中各种溶质元素偏析或金属化合物（如碳化物和δ相）沉淀析出的有利区城。因此，在某些腐蚀介质中，晶粒间界可能先行被腐蚀乃是不足为奇的。这种类型的腐蚀被称为晶间腐蚀，大多数的金属和合金在特定的腐蚀介质中都可能呈现晶间腐蚀。  缝隙腐蚀：是局部腐蚀的一种形式，它可能发全于溶液停滞的缝隙之中或屏蔽的表面内。这样的缝隙可以在金属与金属或金属与非金属的接合处形成，例如，在与铆钉、螺栓、垫片、阀座、松动的表面沉积物以及海生物相接烛之处形成。  v全面腐蚀：是用来描述在整个合金表面上以比较均勺的方式所发生的腐蚀现象的术语。当发生全面腐蚀时，村料由于腐蚀而逐渐变薄，甚至材料腐蚀失效。不锈钢在强酸和强碱中可能呈现全面腐蚀。全面腐蚀所引起的失效问题并不怎么令人担心，因为，这种腐蚀通常可以通过简单的浸泡试验或查阅腐蚀方面的文献资料而预测它。  2.各种不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能  304 是一种通用性的不锈钢，它广泛地用于制作要求良好综合性能（耐腐蚀和成型性）的设备和机件。  301 不锈钢在形变时呈现出明显的加工硬化现象，被用于要求较高强度的各种场合。  302 不锈钢实质上就是含碳量更高的304不锈钢的变种，通过冷轧可使其获得较高的强度。  302B 是一种含硅量较高的不锈钢，它具有较高的抗高温氧化性能。  303和303Se 是分别含有硫和硒的易切削不锈钢，用于主要要求易切削和表而光浩度高的场合。303Se不锈钢也用于制作需要热镦的机件，因为在这类条件下，这种不锈钢具有良好的可热加工性。  304L 是碳含量较低的304不锈钢的变种，用于需要焊接的场合。较低的碳含量使得在靠近焊缝的热影响区中所析出的碳化物减至最少，而碳化物的析出可能导致不锈钢在某些环境中产生晶间腐蚀（焊接侵蚀）。  304N 是一种含氮的不锈钢，加氮是为了提高钢的强度。  305和384 不锈钢含有较高的镍，其加工硬化率低，适用于对冷成型性要求高的各种场合。  308 不锈钢用于制作焊条。  309、310、314及330 不锈钢的镍、铬含量都比较高，为的是提高钢在高温下的抗氧化性能和蠕变强度。而30S5和310S乃是309和310不锈钢的变种，所不同者只是碳含量较低，为的是使焊缝附近所析出的碳化物减至最少。330不锈钢有着特别高的抗渗碳能力和抗热震性．  316和317 型不锈钢含有铝，因而在海洋和化学工业环境中的抗点腐蚀能力大大地优于304不锈钢。其中，316型不锈钢由变种包括低碳不锈钢316L、含氮的高强度不锈钢316N以及合硫量较高的易切削不锈钢316F。  321、347及348 是分别以钛，铌加钽、铌稳定化的不锈钢，适宜作高温下使用的焊接构件。348是一种适用于核动力工业的不锈钢，对钽和钻的合量有着一定的限制

热轧等边角钢型号、公称尺寸、截面面积与理论重量(GB9787-88) 型号           　 尺 寸 mm  截面  面积 理论重量 外表面积 b d r  cm2 kg/m m2/m 　 14 　　 　 140 　　 10 　 27.373 21.488 0.551 12 14 32.512 25.522 0.551 14 　 37.5…不锈钢角钢  热轧等边角钢型号、公称尺寸、截面面积与理论重量(JIS G 3192:2000)　 Designation 　 　DimensionsSectional areaUnit massAtroot　　mmmmmmcm2kg/m    (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)75x75x67568.58.7276.8575x75x8758911.48.9975x75x97598.512.699.9675x75x1275128.516.561380x80x68068.59.3277.3280x80x88081012.39.6380x80x1080101015.111.990x90x69061010.558.2890x90x79071012.229.5990x90x89081113.910.990x90x99091115.512.290x90x1090101017.0013.390x90x1390131021.7117.0100x100x710071013.6210.7100x100x810081215.512.2100x100x10100101019.0014.9100x100x12100121222.717.8100x100x13100131024.3119.1120x120x812081218.7614.7120x120x10120101323.218.2120x120x12120121327.521.6125x125x812581319.515.3125x125x10125101324.219.0125x125x12125121328.722.6130x130x913091222.7417.9130x130x12130121229.7623.4130x130x15130151236.7528.8150x150x10150101629.323.0150x150x12150121434.7727.3150x150x15150151442.7433.6150x150x19150191453.3841.9175x175x12175121540.5231.8175x175x15175151550.2139.4180x180x15180151852.140.9180x180x18180181861.948.6200x200x15200151757.7545.3200x200x16200161861.848.5200x200x2020020177659.7200x200x24200241890.671.1200x200x25200251793.7573.6250x250x252502524119.493.7250x250x282502818133104250x250x352503524162.6128

不锈钢厚度测量/不锈钢厚度 不锈钢管是一种中空的长条钢材，大量用作输送流体的管道，如石油、天燃气、水、煤气、蒸气等，另外，在搞弯、抗扭强度相同时，重量较轻，所以也广泛用于制造机械零件和工程结构。也常用作生产各种常规武器。分类：钢管分无缝钢管和焊接钢管（有缝管）两大类。按断面形状又可分为圆管和异形管，广泛应用的是圆形钢管，但也有一些方形、矩形、半圆形、六角形、等边三角形、八角形等异形钢管。 对于承受流体压力的钢管都要进行液压试验来检验其耐压能力和质量，在规定的压力下不发生泄漏、浸湿或膨胀为合格，有些钢管还要根据标准或需方要求进行卷边试验、扩口试验、压扁试验等的分类：钢管分无缝钢管和焊接钢管（有缝管）两大类。按断面形状又可分为圆管和异形管，广泛应用的是圆形钢管，但也有一些方形、矩形、半圆形、六角形、等边三角形、八角形等异形钢管。 对于承受流体压力的钢管都要进行液压试验来检验其耐压能力和质量，在规定的压力下不发生泄漏、浸湿或膨胀为合格，有些钢管还要根据标准或需方要求进行卷边试验、扩口试验、压扁试验等。 无缝不锈钢管也称不锈钢无缝管,是用钢锭或实心管坯经穿孔制成毛管，然后经热轧、冷轧或冷拨制成。无缝钢管的规格用外径*壁厚毫米数表示。 不锈钢管的厚度公差为+0.01mm,-0.02mm。合同中未注明的以此标准执行！ 不锈钢厚度 也就是按支结算的，价格按照合同厚度计算，生产按照国家标准执行！ 如果合同中注明了实际厚度，在计算重量和价格时，厚度按照+0.02mm计算。 不锈钢板的尺寸规格 通用尺寸：1000*2000、1219*2438、1500*6000、1800*6000 普通定尺：1000*定尺、1219*定尺、1500*定尺、1800*定尺 任意定尺（一般价格会较高） 以上单位均为mm

紫铜不锈钢是紫铜的一个种类，包括c1100紫铜不锈钢、T2进口紫铜不锈钢、T1紫铜不锈钢等，随着中国经济的发展，中国紫铜 行业 也是众多紫铜厂商关注的焦点之一。紫铜就是铜单质，因其颜色为紫红色而得名。紫铜就是工业纯铜，其熔点为1083℃，无同素异构转变，相对密度为8.9，为镁的五倍。比普通钢还重约15%。其具有玫瑰红色，表面形成氧化膜后呈紫色，故一般称为紫铜。它是含有一定氧的铜，因而又称含氧铜。1.紫铜不锈钢的性质紫铜，因呈紫红色而得名。它不一定是纯铜，有时还加入少量脱氧元素或其他元素,以改善材质和性能，因此也归入铜合金。中国紫铜加工材成分可分为：普通紫铜(T1、T2、T3、T4)、无氧铜（TU1、TU2和高纯、真空无氧铜）、脱氧铜（TUP、TUMn）、添加少量合金元素的特种铜（砷铜、碲铜、银铜）四类。紫铜的电导率和热导率仅次于银，广泛用于制作导电、导热器材。紫铜在大气、海水和某些非氧化性酸（盐酸、稀硫酸）、碱、盐溶液及多种有机酸（醋酸、柠檬酸）中，有良好的耐蚀性，用于化学工业。另外，紫铜有良好的焊接性，可经冷、热塑性加工制成各种半成品和成品。20世纪70年代，紫铜的 产量 超过了其他各类铜合金的总 产量 。紫铜中的微量杂质对铜的导电、导热性能有严重影响。其中钛、磷、铁、硅等显著降低电导率,而镉、锌等则影响很小。氧、硫、硒、碲等在铜中的固溶度很小,可与铜生成脆性化合物,对导电性影响不大，但能降低加工塑性。普通紫铜在含氢或一氧化碳的还原性气氛中加热时，氢或一氧化碳易与晶界的氧化亚铜(Cu2O)作用，产生高压水蒸气或二氧化碳气体，可使铜破裂。这种现象常称为铜的&ldquo;氢病&rdquo;。氧对铜的焊接性有害。铋或铅与铜生成低熔点共晶，使铜产生热脆；而脆性的铋呈薄膜状分布在晶界时，又使铜产生冷脆。磷能显著降低铜的导电性,但可提高铜液的流动性,改善焊接性。适量的铅、碲、硫等能改善可切削性。紫铜退火板材的室温抗拉强度为22～25公斤力／毫米2,伸长率为45～50％，布氏硬度（HB）为35～45。具有优良的导电性﹑导热性﹑延展性和耐蚀性。主要用于制作发电机﹑母线﹑电缆﹑开关装置﹑变压器等电工器材和热交换器﹑管道﹑太阳能加热装置的平板集热器等导热器材。常用的铜合金分为黄铜﹑青铜﹑白铜3大类。纯净的铜是紫红色的 金属 ，俗称&ldquo;紫铜&rdquo;、&ldquo;红铜&rdquo;或&ldquo;赤铜&rdquo;。 紫铜富有延展性。象一滴水那么大小的纯铜，可拉成长达两公里的细丝，或压延成比床还大的几乎透明的箔。紫铜最可贵的性质是导电性能非常好，在所有的 金属 中仅次于银。但铜比银便宜得多，因此成了电气工业的&ldquo;主角&rdquo;。2.紫铜不锈钢的用途紫铜的用途比纯铁广泛得多，每年有50%的铜被电解提纯为纯铜，用于电气工业。这里所说的紫铜，确实要非常纯，含铜达99.95%以上才行。极少量的杂质，特别是磷、砷、铝等，会大大降低铜的导电率。铜中含氧(炼铜时容易混入少量氧)对导电率影响很大，用于电气工业的铜一般都必须是无氧。铜管质地坚硬，不易腐蚀，且耐高温、耐高压，可在多种环境中使用。与此相比，许多其他管材的缺点显而易见，比如过去住宅中多用的镀锌钢管，极易锈蚀，使用时间不长就会出现自来水发黄、水流变小等问题。还有些材料在高温下的强度会迅速降低，用于热水管时会产生不安全隐患，而铜的熔点高达摄氏1083度，热水系统的温度对铜管微不足道。想要了解更多关于紫铜不锈钢的信息，请继续浏览上海 有色 网。

不锈钢复合卷板( Stainless steel compound volume board  )有热轧和冷轧两种。热轧不锈钢卷板的规格通常为3~8mmx1500xcang。不锈钢覆层厚度为0.5~1mm。冷轧不锈钢复合卷板的规格通常为1~3mmx1220~1520xcang。不锈钢覆层厚度为0.1~0.5mm。热轧不锈钢卷板由开平机开平为定尺板，供给使用薄规格复合板的用户。还可以由分卷机分卷供应制管企业生产不锈钢复合管。或者分卷后作为冷轧厂的原料轧制冷轧复合板。冷轧不锈钢卷板在进行抛光，拉丝等加工后供应市场。宽度600以下的不锈钢复合带主要是用于不锈钢复合螺旋焊管制造。不锈钢复合卷板的技术和市场都在开发过程中。与此相关的不锈钢复合管的制造技术也在开发过程中。

双相不锈钢具有优良的耐孔蚀性能，也是一种节镍不锈钢双相不锈钢（Duplex Stainless Steel，简称DSS），指铁素体与奥氏体各约占50%，，一般较少相的含量最少也需要达到3O%的不锈钢。在含C较低的情况下，Cr含量在18%~28%，Ni含量在3%~10%。有些钢还含有Mo、Cu、Nb、Ti，N等合金元素。该类钢兼有奥氏体和铁素体不锈钢的特点，与铁素体相比，塑性、韧性更高，无室温脆性，耐晶间腐蚀性能和焊接性能均显著提高，同时还保持有铁素体不锈钢的475℃脆性以及导热系数高，具有超塑性等特点。与奥氏体不锈钢相比，强度高且耐晶间腐蚀和耐氯化物应力腐蚀有明显提高。 双相不锈钢一般可分为低合金型、中合金型、高合金型和超级双相不锈钢型四类。     双相不锈钢牌号和各国牌号的近似值对照如下表：型号\国家中国美国瑞典德国法国日本低合金型00Cr23Ni4NUN23(SAF2304）SS232（SAF2304）W．Nr.1.4362UR35NDP11中合金型00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si200Cr22Ni5Mo3NUNS S31500UNS S31803SS2376(3RE60)SS2377(SAF2205)W.Nr.1.4417W.Nr.1.4462UR45NDP1DP8高合金型0Cr25Ni5Mo200Cr25Ni7Mo3WCuNUNS S32900UNS S31260SS2324(10RE51)W.Nr.1.4460W.Nr.1.4501 329J1329J2L超级双相钢00Cr25Ni7Mo4N00Cr25Ni6Mo3CuNUNS S32750UNS S32550SS2328(SAF2507)W.Nr.1.4410W.Nr.1.4507 UR47NUR52N 双相不锈钢是在其固溶组织中铁素体相与奥氏体相约各占一半，一般量少相的含量也需要达到30%。在含C较低的情况下，Cr含量在18%~28%，Ni含量在3%~10%。有些钢还含有Mo、Cu、Nb、Ti，N等合金元素。该类钢兼有奥氏体和铁素体不锈钢的特点，与铁素体相比，塑性、韧性更高，无室温脆性，耐晶间腐蚀性能和焊接性能均显著提高，同时还保持有铁素体不锈钢的475℃脆性以及导热系数高，具有超塑性等特点。与奥氏体不锈钢相比，强度高且耐晶间腐蚀和耐氯化物应力腐蚀有明显提高。双相不锈钢具有优良的耐孔蚀性能，也是一种节镍不锈钢。      常用双相不锈钢的性能：  1．双相不锈钢化学成分（%）钢号C≤Mn≤Si≤S≤P≤CrNiMoCu≤NS32750((SAF2507)00Cr22Ni7Mo4N0.031.200.800.0200.03524.0/26.06.0/8.03.0/5.00.500.24/0.32S31803（SAF2205）00Cr22Ni5Mo3N0.032.001.00.020.03021.0/23.04.50/6.502.50/3.50 0.08/0.20S31500（3RE60）00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si20.031.2/2.001. 4/2.000.0300.03018.0/19.04.25/5.252.50/2.00 0.05/0.10 2．双相不锈钢机械性能： 热处理制度℃Ab（MPa）≥As（MPa）≥∮≥布氏洛氏S32750（SAF2507）00Cr22Ni5Mo3N1025-1125水8005501531032S31803（SAF2205）00Cr22Ni5Mo3N1020-11006204502529030.5S31500（3RE60）00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2980-10406304403029030.53．双相不锈钢的连续使用温度范围为-50℃-60℃。热加工温度应不低于950℃。     双相不锈钢简介     双相不锈钢是指它的微观组织是由铁素体相和奥氏体相二组成的材料，二相各约占50%。在实际使用中其中一相约在40-60%之间较为合适。     根据两相组织的特点，通过正确控制化学成分和热处理工艺，将奥氏体不锈钢所具有的优良韧性和焊接性与铁素体不锈钢所具有的较高强度和耐氯化物应力腐刨性能结合在一起，使双相不锈钢成为一类集优良的耐腐蚀、高强度和易于加工制造等诸多优异性能于一身的钢种。它们的物理性能介于奥氏体不锈钢和铁素体不锈钢之间，但更接近于铁素体不锈钢和碳钢。双相不锈钢的耐耐氯化物孔蚀和缝隙腐蚀能力与铬、钼和氮含量有关，其耐钇蚀和缝隙腐蚀能力可以类假于316不锈钢，或者高于海水用不锈钢如6%MO奥氏体不锈钢。所有的双相不锈钢耐氯化物应力腐蚀断裂的能力均明显强于300系列奥氏体不锈钢，而且其强度也大大高于奥氏体不锈钢，同时表现出良好的塑性和韧性。    双丰不锈钢各种产品形式： 板材和带材   管---焊管和无缝管   锻材 管件和法兰    棒和丝    双相不锈钢一般可分为四类： 第一类低合金型，代表牌号UNSS32304，钢中不含钼，PREN：24-25，耐应力腐蚀方面可代替AISI304或是316使用。第二类中合金型，代表牌号UNSS31803，PREN：32-33耐蚀性能介于AISI316L和6%MO N奥氏体不锈钢之间。第三类高合金型，一般含25%CR，还含有钼和氮，有的还含有铜和钨，标准牌号有UNSS32550，PREN：38-39耐蚀性能高于22%Cr双相不锈钢。第四类超级双相不锈钢型，含高钼和氮，标准牌号有UNSS32750，有的也含钨和铜，PREN>40可使用于苛刻的介质条件，具有良好的耐蚀与力学综合性能，可与超级奥氏体不锈钢相媲美。（注：PREN：孔蚀抗力当量值）     化学成分 双相钢的最主要合金元素是Cr、Ni、Mo和N。其中Cr、Mo为增加铁素体含量，而Ni、N为奥氏体稳定元素。有些钢种还有Mn、Cu、W等元素。Cr、Ni、Mo能改进抗腐蚀性。在含氯化物的环境中其抗点蚀及裂缝腐蚀的性能特别好。 1．化学成分（％）  表1  牌号CCrNiMoNPSSAF22050.03021.0-234.5-6.52.5-3.50.08-0.20.0300.030SA25070.03024.0-266.0-8.03.0-5.00.320.0350.0202．  机械性能 双相钢机械性能取决于产品形式及最终热处理，下表列出了规定的极限      表2项目牌号试验温度RP0.2N/MM2RM0.2N/MM2A5% SAF2205室温45062025100360  150335  200310  250295  300285  SA2507室温550800100046100450  200400            在-50度-280度温度范围同，双相不锈钢具有很好的机械性能，当双相钢长期承受300度以上高温时，其微机组织会发生变化并导致韧性下降，然而，韧性的降低并不一定对处于工作温度的材料性能产生影响。 腐蚀性能 跟类似合金含量的奥氏体钢种相比，双相钢和超级双相钢基体材料具有类心抗点蚀和裂纹腐蚀性能，但一般具有极好的抗应力腐蚀有机酸腐蚀的能力。在工业界按照孔蚀抗力当量值PREN来表示抗点蚀等级是众所周知的。 双相不锈钢物理性能：双相钢热传导率列于下表中，并与316L相比较。热传导率W/M摄氏率 表3温度牌号SAF2205SAF2507AISI316L20191615100191716200211917.5300232019   双相不锈钢的热膨胀与碳钢接近，这使双相钢与奥氏体不锈钢相比，具有明显的优势。 金相组织我公司使用于西气东输的UNSS31803双相不锈钢的微观组织图如下，其铁素体含量54%    双相不锈钢优势    1、与奥氏体不锈钢相比    1）服强度比普通奥氏体不锈钢高一倍多，且具有成型需要的足够的塑韧性。采用双相不锈钢制造储罐或压力容器的厚度要比常用奥氏体不锈钢减少30-50%，有利于降低成本。     2）具有优异的耐应力腐蚀破裂的能力，尤其在含氯离子的环境中，即使是含合金量最低的双相不锈钢也有比奥氏体不锈钢更高的耐应力腐蚀断裂的能力，应力腐蚀是普通奥氏体不锈钢难以解决的突出问题。     3）在许多介质中应用最普通的2205双相不锈钢的耐腐蚀性优于普通的316L奥氏体不锈钢，而超级双相不锈钢具有极高的耐腐蚀性，在一些介质中，如醋酸、等甚至可以取代高合金奥氏体不锈钢，乃至耐蚀合金。      4）具有良好的耐局部腐蚀性能，与合金含量相发的奥氏本不锈钢相比，它的耐磨损腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳性能都优于奥氏体不锈钢。      5）比奥氏体不锈钢线膨胀系数低，与碳钢接近，适合与碳钢连接，具有重要的工程意义，如生产复合板或衬里等。      2、与铁素不锈钢相比，双相不锈钢的优势如下：      1）综事力学性能比铁素体不锈钢高，尤其是塑韧性。不像铁素本不锈钢那样对脆性敏感。      2）除耐应力腐蚀性能外，其他耐局部腐蚀性能都优于铁素体不锈钢。      3）冷加工工艺性能和冷成型性能远优于铁素体不锈钢。      4）焊接性能远优于铁素体不锈钢，一般焊前不需预热焊后不需热处理。      5）应用范围较铁素体不锈钢宽。      应用情况      由于双相钢强度高，它往往可以节约材料，如减少管子的壁厚。以一为SAF2205、SAF2507的用途。 SAF2205适用于含氯环境中，该材料适用于混有氯化物的炼油或其它工艺介质中。SAF2205尤其适用于使用含氯水溶液或微咸水作为冷却介质的热交换器。该材料同样也适用于稀释的硫酸溶液和纯有机酸及其混合液。 如：石油和天然气工业中的油管：炼油厂中的原油脱盐，含硫气体净化，废水处理设备；使用微咸水或含氯溶液的冷却系统。  SAF2205双相不锈钢的应用 序号设备名称介质条件原用材料及及问题双相钢使用情况 1油田、油井口的输送管道水/油：91/10，H2S：2%，NaCI：9%，CO2：2%~3%，pH：4.5~6，115℃~140℃，7MPA碳钢衬里使用3~9个月，304短时间即产生SCC自1980年开始使用2油田用空气冷却器水/油：91/10，H2S：2%，NaCI：9%，CO2：2-3%，pH：4.5~6，80℃~110℃，7MPa  3炼油厂馏分管程：水，28℃~45℃碳钢使用1年，321使用半的出现孔蚀及SCC自1985年开始使用4炼油厂加氢裂经塔的空气冷却塔0.1 kPa ~1kPa碳钢和13%~17%Cr铁素本不锈钢易损坏自1983年开始使用5聚乙烯产品冷却器管程：聚乙烯气本混合物，100℃，2MPa壳程：含约100×10-6CI的淡水，材料温度304L管板因SCC损坏换用SAF2205钢后情况良好6近海气田用空气冷却器管程：CO2：25%，含CI的湿天然气，90℃，13MPa 自1980年开始使用7生产纯碱用的海水热交换器管程：海水，入口温度12℃~31℃，出口温度40℃~60℃，壳程：NH357%，CO233%，H2O10%，不含氧的H2S，出口温度TI焊管2-3年焊缝损坏，TI地缝管使用7-8年后失效自1983年开始使用 SAF2507是专为苛刻的含氯环境而开发的，在加工工业中也有许多重要应用。

不锈钢法兰标准规格：1/2″～80″（DN10-DN5000）　　压力等级：0.25Mpa ～250Mpa（150Lb ～2500Lb）　　常用不锈钢法兰标准标准：　　国标不锈钢法兰标准：GB9112-88（GB9113·1-88～GB9123·36-88）　　美标不锈钢法兰标准：ANSI B16.5 ，ANSI 16.47 Class150、300、600、900、1500（TH、LJ、SW）　　日标不锈钢法兰标准：JIS 5K、10K、16K、20K（PL、SO、BL）　　德标不锈钢法兰标准：DIN2527、2543、2545、2566、2572、2573、2576、2631、2632、2633、2634、2638　　（PL、SO、WN、BL、TH）　　意大利不锈钢法兰标准：UNI2276、2277、2278、6083、6084、6088、6089、2299、2280、2281、2282、2283　　（PL、SO、WN、BL、TH）　　英国不锈钢法兰标准：BS4504，4506　　化工部不锈钢法兰标准：HG5010-52～HG5028-58、HGJ44-91～HGJ65-91　　HG20592-97（HG20593-97～HG20614-97）　　HG20615-97（HG20616-97～HG20635-97）　　机械部不锈钢法兰标准：JB81-59～JB86-59、JB/T79-94～JB/T86-94　　压力容器不锈钢法兰标准：JB1157-82～JB1160-82、JB4700-2000～JB4707-2000　　船用法兰不锈钢法兰标准：GB/T11694-94、GB/T3766-1996、GB/T11693-94、GB10746—89、 GB/T4450—1995、GB/T11693-94、GB573-65、GB2506-89、CBM1012-81、CBM1013等　　法兰生产不锈钢法兰标准　　国标：GB/T9112-2000（GB9113·1-2000～GB9123·4-2000）　　化工部不锈钢法兰标准：HG5010-52～HG5028-58、HGJ44-91～HGJ65-91、HG20592-97系列、HG20615-97系列　　机械部不锈钢法兰标准：JB81-59～JB86-59、JB/T79-94～JB/T86-94、JB/T74-1994　　压力容器不锈钢法兰标准：JB1157-82～JB1160-82、JB4700-2000～JB4707-2000 B16.47A/B B16.39 B16.48

在空气中或化学腐蚀介质中能够抵抗腐蚀的一种高合金钢，不锈钢是具有美观的表面和耐腐蚀性能好，不必经过镀色等表面处理，而发挥不锈钢所固有的表面性能,使用于多方面的钢铁的一种，通常称为不锈钢。代表性能的有13铬钢，18-铬镍钢等高合金钢。　　从金相学角度分析，因为不锈钢含有铬而使表面形成很薄的铬膜，这个膜隔离开与钢内侵入的氧气起耐腐蚀的作用。　　为了保持不锈钢所固有的耐腐蚀性，钢必须含有12%以上的铬。

本实用新型是一种用于液体、气体输送及电线输导的不锈钢复合钢管，它是由不锈钢内管和外钢管构成，不需要任何粘结剂，在常温、常压的情况下，通过纯机械的加工方法，将不锈钢内管镶嵌并紧贴在外钢管的内壁里，外钢管包括镀锌钢管。本实用新型的特点是：结构简单合理，内壁光滑，具有良好的抗腐蚀性、稳定性、耐冲击性和耐久性，使用寿命长，不会产生水垢和造成供水过程的二次污染等。不锈钢复合钢管 是在焊接钢管或无缝钢管内衬薄壁不锈钢管复合而成。外管为焊接钢管时应符合GB/T3091-2001的标准，外管为无缝钢管时应符合GB/T8163-1999的标准；内衬不锈钢管的牌号和化学成分符合GB12771-2000和CJ/T151-2001规定的0Cr18Ni9(304)、0Cr18Ni11Ti(316)和0Cr17Ni12Mo2(316L)的奥氏体不锈钢的牌号和化学成分。

在空气中或化学腐蚀介质中能够抵抗腐蚀的一种高合金钢，不锈钢是具有美观的表面和耐腐蚀性能好，不必经过镀色等表面处理，而发挥不锈钢所固有的表面性能,使用于多方面的钢铁的一种，通常称为不锈钢。代表性能的有13铬钢，18-铬镍钢等高合金钢。      从金相学角度分析，因为不锈钢含有铬而使表面形成很薄的铬膜，这个膜隔离开与钢内侵入的氧气起耐腐蚀的作用。      为了保持不锈钢所固有的耐腐蚀性，钢必须含有12%以上的铬。      不锈钢种类：      不锈钢可以按用途、化学成分及金相组织来大体分类。      以奥氏体系类的钢由18%铬-8%镍为基本组成，各元素的加入量变化的不同，而开发各种用途的钢种。      以化学成分分类：      ①． CR系列：铁素体系列、马氏体系列      ②． CR-NI系列：奥氏体系列，异常系列，析出硬化系列。      以金相组织的分类：      ①． 奥氏体不锈钢      ②． 铁素体不锈钢      ③． 马氏体不锈钢      ④． 双相不锈钢      ⑤． 沉淀硬化不锈钢.

不锈钢可以按用途、化学成分及金相组织来大体分类。 　　以奥氏体系类的钢由18%铬-8%镍为基本组成，各元素的加入量变化的不同，而开发各种用途的钢种。1． 以化学成分分类： 　①． CR系列：铁素体系列、马氏体系列 　②． CR-NI系列：奥氏体系列，异常系列，析出硬化系列。2． 以金相组织的分类： 　　①． 奥氏体不锈钢 　　②． 铁素体不锈钢 　　③． 马氏体不锈钢 　　④． 双相不锈钢 　　⑤． 沉淀硬化不锈钢3．不锈钢的表面类别 　　现在不锈钢的发展，已使不锈钢的耐蚀性、外观、加工性、强度等特性远远超过其它材料，而且，不锈钢的许多表面处理法，可以取得丰富多彩的颜色及形状，这为不锈钢的发展作出很大的贡献。 　　不锈钢制造过程中的表面处理法以及机械研磨表面处理法 表面 特征 及制造概要 用途 NO.1 银白色，无光泽 热轧到规定厚度，再经退火和除鳞的一种粗糙、无光表面 不需要有表面光泽的用途 NO.2D 银白色 冷轧后进行热处理和酸洗，有时在毛面辊进行最终的一道轻轧的一种无光表面加工 2D产品用于对表面要求不严的用途，一般用材，深冲用材 NO.2B 光泽强于NO.2D NO.2D处理后，经过抛光辊进行最终一道轻度冷轧，以取得适当光泽。这是最常用的表面加工，该加工也可作为抛光的第一步。 一般用材 BA 光亮如镜 无标准，但通常是光亮退火的表面加工，表面反射性很高。 建筑材料，厨房用具 NO.3 粗研磨 将NO.2D和NO.2B材，用100~200#（单位）的砥粒研磨带，进行研磨 建筑材料，厨房用具 NO.4 中间研磨 将NO.2D和NO.2B材，用150~180#砥粒研磨带进行研磨而获得的抛光表面，这是通用的，有镜面反射的带有可见&lsquo;晶粒&rsquo;的光亮表面 同上 l NO.240 细研磨 将NO.2D和NO.2B材，用240#砥粒研磨带进行研削 厨房用具 NO.320 极细研磨 将NO.2D和NO.2B材，用320#砥粒研磨带进行研削 同上 NO.400 光泽接近于BA 将NO.2B材，用400#抛光轮进行研削 一般用材，建筑用材，厨房用具 HL 发纹研磨 适当粒子大小的研磨材料进行发纹研削（150~240#）其砥粒很多 楼房，建筑用材 NO.7 接近于镜面研磨 用600#回转抛光轮进行研磨 美术用，装饰用 NO.8 镜面研磨 镜子用抛光轮进行研磨 反光镜，装饰用4．不锈钢的缺陷类别 分类 个数 典型缺陷 共同缺陷 原料缺陷 28 金属球痕，大理石纹，纵向发裂 划伤，异物压入，污染，折痕，卷取不良 30 辊印，辊表面粗糙，辊振动痕，鱼尾纹，微细皱纹，浪型缺陷，垫纸压入 32 过酸洗，退火酸洗，欠酸洗，欠退火，点蚀，锈，刷辊痕，橡胶残留，白斑，酸洗液残留，炉内停止精整缺陷 30 脱脂不良，研磨不匀，条纹，毛边 5．钢的分类方法 　　5-1　按化学成分分类： 　　◆碳素钢 　　◆合金钢：低合金钢：合金元素&le;5% 高合金钢：合金元素&ge;10% 中合金钢：合金元素 1~ 5%&mdash;10% 　　注：不锈钢为高合金钢。 　　5-2　按质量分类： ① 普通钢 ② 优质钢 ③ 高级优质（A） ④ 特级优质钢（E） 　5-3　按冶炼方法分类： ◆平炉钢 自 ◆转炉钢 ◆电炉钢 　　5-4　按用途分类： ① C素结构钢 如：45# ② 合金结构钢 如：40Cr ③ C素工具钢 如：T8 ④ 合金工具钢 如：3Cr2W8V ⑤ 弹簧钢 如：60Si2Mn ⑥ 轴承钢 如：GCr15 ⑦ 不锈钢耐热钢 ⑧ 高速钢 如：W18Cr4V 5-5　按金相组织分类： ① 按退火状态分: ◆ 亚共析钢 &nbsp;&nbsp;◆ 共析钢 ◆ 过共析钢 ◆ 莱氏体钢 ② 按退火状态：以不锈钢为例 ◆奥氏型：0Cr18Ni9（304） 又称：18-8型 ◆马氏体：1Cr13 2 2Cr13 3Cr13 又称：Cr13型 ◆铁素体：1Cr17 Cr25Ti&nbsp;&nbsp;q&not;x R*e R g1j)G ◆双相不锈钢（铁素体、奥示体双相）：如：3RE60 ◆沉垫固溶硬化不锈钢：

废不锈钢是一种可循环利用的再生资源，使用废不锈钢炼钢可节约能源达到60%、节水40%，减少排放废水76%、废气86%、废渣72%，所以废钢回收的市场很好，而且可以再利用节约资源。那废不锈钢回收多少钱呢？不同地区、不同材质的废不锈钢的回收价格不一样，下面是上海有色网 废金属价格 专区为您提供的湖南、武汉、江西、佛山、江浙沪地区的304不锈钢、304回炉废料、316生料、316熟料等不锈钢种类的今日价格。您可以在废金属价格专区，持续关注每日最新的废不锈钢价格。

普通钢为碳素钢，即铁碳合金。依含碳量的高低，分为低碳钢(欲称熟铁)、中碳钢和铸铁。一般含碳量小于0.2%的叫低碳钢，俗称熟铁或纯铁；含量在0.2-1.7%的叫钢；含量在1.7%以上的叫生铁。  　　在钢中含铬量大于12.5%以上，具有较高的抵抗外界介质(酸、碱盐)腐蚀的钢，称为不锈钢。根据钢内的组织状况，不锈钢可分为马氏体型、铁素体型、奥氏体型、铁素体—奥氏体型，沉淀硬化型不锈钢，依据国家标准GB3280—92规定，共有55个规定。  在日常生活中我们接触较多的有奥氏体型不锈钢(有人称之为镍不锈)和马氏型不锈钢(有人称之为“不锈铁”，但不科学，易误解，应回避)两大类。奥氏体型不锈钢典型的牌号为0Cr18Ni9，即“304”和1Cr18Ni9Ti。马氏体型不锈钢比如有制造刀剪的不锈钢等，牌号主要有2Cr13、3Cr13、6Cr13、7Cr17等。  　　由于这两类不锈钢组织成分的差异，使其内装金属显微组织也不相同。  　　奥氏体型不锈钢由于在钢中加入较高的铬和镍(含铬在18%左右，Ni在4%以上)，钢的内部组织呈现一种叫奥氏体的组织状态，这种组织是没有导磁性的，不能被磁铁所吸引。常用来作装饰材料，如不锈钢管、毛巾架、餐具、炉具等。  　　制作刀剪类的不锈钢要采用马氏体型不锈钢。因为刀剪具有剪切物品的功能，必须有锋利度，要有锋利度必须有一定的硬度。这类不锈钢必须通过热处理使其内部发生组织转变，增加硬度后才能作刀剪。但这类不锈钢内部组织为回火马氏体，具有导磁性，可被磁铁吸引。因此不能简单地用是否有磁性来说明是不是不锈钢材料。

镍基不锈钢废料在日本、韩国市场上供应过剩已经造成了使其价格进一步下跌的压力。日本市场方面十分关注镍基不锈钢废料价格是否会在7月份进一步下跌；韩国方面，受浦项不锈钢减产消息的影响，7月初不锈钢废料贸易商已经将国内不锈钢废料的采购价格每吨下调10万韩元。                　　日本不锈钢废料价格进一步的走向取决于本周和下周LME镍价的走势，日本多数不锈钢生产企业也预测废不锈钢价格在7月份还会有进一步的下调。但NSSC公司对废料价格进一步下调持谨慎态度，他们认为现在并非继续下调价格的适当时机。                　　尽管日本不锈钢生产企业在6月份已经非同寻常地两次下调废不锈钢的价格（每吨分别下调5000日元和20000日元），日本不锈钢废料贸易商还是的担心7月份价格还会进一步下跌。在韩国的情况也基本相同，浦项历史上第一次宣布不锈钢减产，造成了国内市场上不锈钢废料价格的波动。韩国的不锈钢废料贸易商6月份主动下调废料采购价格20万韩元/吨，7月初又进一步下调了10万韩元/吨。随着不锈钢的减产，韩国不锈钢生产企业在国内市场上采购镍基不锈钢废料的量也会减少。                　　另外，做为Sabot主要进口商的韩国宣布不锈钢减产（浦项减产20%，Changwon特种钢减产10%），日本市场的Sabot价格已经下跌到1450美元/吨（CIF），废料贸易也冷淡下来。浦项不锈钢生产的原材料供应主要依托于长期合同，因此减产对不锈钢废料的采购不会立即产生直接影响，但若减产维持较长一段时间，对前景的担忧就会影响到废料的交易。现在美国匹兹堡市场上镍基不锈钢废料的价格已经下跌到了1400美元/吨，其他国际市场上不锈钢废料的价格也有下跌的趋势。.

316L不锈钢软线：316不锈钢中含钼且含碳量低，在海洋中和化学工业环境中的抗点腐蚀能力大大地优于304不锈钢！（316L低碳、316N含氮高强度高、316F不锈钢含硫量较高，易削不锈钢。 　　304L不锈钢工业管：作为低碳的304钢，在一般情况下，耐腐蚀性与304相似，但在焊接后或者消除应力后，其抗晶界腐蚀能力优秀，在未进行热处理情况下，也能保持良好的耐腐蚀性。 　　304不锈钢工业管：具有良好的耐蚀性，耐热性，低温强度和机械特性，冲压，弯曲等热加工性好，无热处理硬化现象。用途：餐具，橱柜，锅炉，汽车配件，医疗器具，建材，食品工业（使用温度-196°C-700°C) 　　310不锈钢工业管：主要特点是:耐高温,一般使用锅炉内,汽车排气管.其他性能一般. 　　303不锈钢工业管：通过添加少量的硫、磷使其较304更易切削加工，其他性能与与304相似。 　　1、铁素体不锈钢。含铬12％～30％。其耐蚀性、韧性和可焊性随含铬量的增加而提高 ， 耐氯化物应力腐蚀性能优于其他种类不锈钢。不锈钢工业管 　　2、奥氏体不锈钢。含铬大于18％，还含有 8％左右的镍及少量钼、钛、氮等元素。综合性能好，可耐多种介质腐蚀。 　　3、奥氏体 - 铁素体双相不锈钢。兼有奥氏体和铁素体不锈钢的优点，并具有超塑性。 　　4、马氏体不锈钢。强度高，但塑性和可焊性较差。

不锈钢所具有的多种表面加工拓宽了它的运用范畴--不同的表面加工使不锈钢表面各异，使其在运用中各具独到之处。 　　在建筑运用范畴，不锈钢的表面加工之所以重要是有许多原因的。 　　腐蚀环境要求润滑的表面是因为表面润滑不简单积垢。尘垢的堆积会使不锈钢生锈乃至构成腐蚀。 　　在宽阔的大厅中，不锈钢是电梯装修板最常用的材料，表面的手印虽然能够擦掉，但影响漂亮，所以最好选用适宜的表面避免留下手印。 　　卫生条件对许多职业是很重要的，例如，食物加工、餐饮、酿制和化工等，在这些运用范畴，表面有必要便于每天清洗，而且常常要用化学清洗剂。 　　不锈钢是这方面的最佳材料，在公共场所，不锈钢的表面常常会被胡写乱画，可是，它的一个重要特性是能够将它们清洗掉，这是不锈钢优于铝的一个显著特点。铝的表面简单留下痕迹，往往很难去掉。整理不锈钢表面时应顺着不锈钢的纹理整理，因为有些表面加工的纹理是单向性的。 　　不锈钢最适用于医院或其它卫生条件至关重要的范畴，如：食物加工、餐饮、酿制和化工，这不仅是因为它便于每天清洗，有时还要运用化学清洗剂，而且还因为它不易繁殖细菌。实验标明不锈钢在这方面的性能与玻璃和陶瓷相同。 　　1．不锈钢的天然外观 　　不锈钢给人一种天然的巩固亮丽之感，其天然颜色柔软地反映出周围环境的颜色。 　　2．表面加工的根本品种 　　能够用于不锈钢的表面加工大致有五种，它们能够结合起来运用，变换出更多的终究产品。 　　五个品种有：轧制表面加工、机械表面加工、化学表面加工、网纹表面加工和五颜六色表面加工。 　　还有一些专用的表面加工，不过不管指定哪一种表面加工，都应遵从以下进程： 　　①与制作供应商一同商定需求的表面加工，最好预备一个样品，作为往后批量生产的标准。 　　②大面积运用时（如复合板，有必要确保所用的基底卷板或卷材选用的是同一批次。 　　③在许多建筑运用中，如：电梯内部，虽然手印能够擦掉，但很不漂亮。假如选用布纹表面，就不那么显着了。在这些灵敏的当地必定不能运用镜面不锈钢。 　　④挑选表面加工时应考虑到制作工艺，例如：为了除掉焊珠，或许要对焊缝进行修磨，而且还要康复原有的表面加工。 　　斑纹板很难乃至无法满意这一要求。 　　⑤关于有些表面加工、修磨或抛光的纹理是有方向性的，被称为单向的。假如运用时使这种纹理笔直而不是水平，污物就不易附着在上面，而且简单清洗。 　　⑥不管选用哪种精加工都需求增加工艺进程，因而要增加费用，所以，挑选表面加工时要稳重。 　　因而，建筑师、规划人员和制作供应商等有关人员需求对不锈钢的表面加工有所了解。经过彼此之间的友好合作和彼此沟通，必定会取得所希望的作用。 　　⑦依据咱们的经历，咱们不主张运用氧化铝作磨料，除非在运用进程中十分当心。最好是运用碳化硅磨料。 　　3．标准表面加工 　　许多种表面加工一直是选用编号或其它分类办法标明、它们都被编入了有关的标准中，如："英国标准BS1449"和"美国钢铁协会不锈钢生产者委员会标准"。 　　4．轧制表面加工 　　板材和带材有三种根本的轧制表面加工，它们是经过板材和带村的生产工艺标明的。 　　No.1：经过热轧、退火、酸洗和除鳞。处理后的钢板表面是一种暗淡表面，有点粗糙。 　　No.2D：比N0.1表面加工好，也是暗淡表面。经过冷轧、退火、除鳞，终究用毛面辊轻轧。 　　No.2B：这是建筑运用中最常用的，除在退火和除鳞后用抛光辊进行终究一道轻度冷轧外，其它工艺与2D相同，表面略有些发光，能够进行抛光处理。 　　No.2B亮光退火：这是一种反射性表面，经过抛光辊轧制并在可控气氛中进行终究退火。亮光退火仍坚持其反射表面，而且不发生氧化皮。 　　因为亮光退火进程中不发生氧化反响，所以，不需求再进行酸洗和钝化处理。 　　5．抛光表面加工 　　No.3：由3A和3B标明。" 　　3A：表面经过均匀地研磨，磨料粒度为80~100。 　　3B：毛面抛光，表面有均匀的直纹，一般是用粒度为180~200的砂带在2A或2B板上一次抛磨而成。 　　No.4：单向表面加工，反射性不强，这种表面加工或许在建筑运用顶用处最广。其工艺进程是先用粗磨料抛光，终究再用粒度为180的磨料研磨。 　　No.6：是对No.4的进一步改善，是在磨料和油介质顶用坦皮科抛光刷抛光No．4表面。"英国标准1449"中没有该表面加工，但在美国标准中能够查到。 　　No.7：被称为亮光抛光，是对现已磨得很细但仍有磨痕的表面进行抛光。 　　一般运用的是2A或2B板，用纤维或布抛光轮和相应的抛光膏。 　　No.8：镜面抛光表面，反射率高，一般被称为镜面表面加工，因为它反射的图画很明晰。 　　用细磨料对不锈钢接连抛光，然后再用十分细的抛光膏打磨。 　　在建筑运用中应该留意的是这种表面假如用在人员流动量较大或人们常常触摸到的当地会留下手印。 　　手印当然能够擦掉，但有时影响漂亮。 　　"官方"标准和文献中描绘的表面加工仅仅一般性的介绍，样本才干最直观地标明表面加工的品种。抛光或金属精加工供应商将供给各种表面加工的样品，用户应同他们进行评论。 　　6. 表面粗糙度 　　轧制表面加工和抛光表面加工的分类是阐明能够到达的程度，另一个有用的标明办法是丈量表面粗糙度。标准的丈量办法被称为CLA（中心线平均值），丈量仪在钢板表面横向移动，记录下峰谷的改变起伏。CLA的编号越小，表面越润滑。从下表中的表面加工和CLA编号能够看出不同等级的终究成果。 　　表面加工 CLA，微米 　　2B 0.1-0.5 　　2A 0.05-0.1 　　2D 0.4-1.0 　　3 0.4-1.5 　　4 0.2-1.5 　　8 0.2 　　EP 根本值的1/2 　　EP=电解抛光，大致可将峰谷的改变起伏削减到原表面的1/2。 　　7.机械抛光 　　留意事项： 　　咱们应该记住，研磨操作顶用砂纸或砂带进行的研磨根本上归于磨光切开操作，在钢板表面留下很细的纹理。 　　咱们在用氧化铝作为磨料时曾遇到过费事，其部分原因是压力问题。 　　设备的任何研磨部件，如：砂带和磨轮等，运用前绝不能用于其它非不锈钢材料。因为这样会污染不锈钢表面。 　　为了确保表面加工的一致性，新砂轮或砂带应先在成分相同的废料上试用，以便同样品进行比较。 　　8．电解抛光 　　这是一种金属铲除工艺，在此工艺中不锈钢作为电解液中的阳极，通电后金属从表层除掉。 　　该工艺一般用于零部件的加工，因为它们的形状难以用传统办法进行抛光。 　　该工艺常用于冷轧钢板的表面，因为其表面比热轧钢板的表面润滑。 　　可是电解抛光会使表面的杂质更显着，特别是钛和铌稳化的材料会因为粒状杂质使焊缝区呈现差异。 　　小焊疤和锐棱能够经过该工艺铲除掉。该工艺侧重处理表面上的杰出部分，优先对它们进行溶解。 　　电解抛光工艺是将不锈钢浸泡在加热的液体中，液体的配比涉及到许多专有技能和专利技能。 　　奥氏体不锈钢的电解抛光作用很好。 　　9．网纹表面加工 　　不锈钢能够选用的斑纹品种许多。 　　使钢板具有增加斑纹或网纹表面加工的长处如下： 　　①削减"金属屋面材料舒展"（oil can-ning），该词是一个用来描绘亮光材料表面的术语，这种表面从光学视点看不平。例如：大面积的装修板，即便经过拉伸矫直或张力拉矫也很难使表面彻底平直，因而会呈现金属屋面材料舒展。 　　②网纹图画能够削减在阳光下宣布的眩光。 　　③斑纹板假如有细微的划痕和小面积压痕都不太显着。 　　④增大钢板的强度。 　　⑤为建筑师供给了挑选的地步。 　　有专利权的图画包含布纹（用于伦敦的埃德大厦）、镶嵌图画、珍珠状和皮革纹。还能够运用波纹和线状图画。 　　斑纹表面特别适合于内部装修，如：电梯镶板、货台、壁板和入口处。 　　外部运用时应考虑到使不锈钢能够经过雨水和人工冲刷清洗表面，避免有易集合污物和空中杂质的死角，避免构成腐蚀影响漂亮。 　　10．毛面表面加工 　　毛面表面加工是最常用的表面加工之一，它是在经过抛光或亮光退火的钢板表面用尼龙研磨带或刷进行抛光。 　　11. 喷玻璃球或喷丸 　　关于内部运用，如：电梯的内部，混合表面加工很受欢迎。 　　这种混合工艺是经过喷玻璃球构成无泽表面，然后经过粉饰处理，覆上塑料膜，成抛光表面加工，终究构成抛光和无泽的混合表面。 　　不锈钢砂丸也能够用于相似的工艺。 　　要运用的玻璃球或丸粒事前绝不能在其它材料上运用，特别不能在碳钢上。因为碳钢的粉粒会嵌入到不锈钢表面，很简单构成腐蚀。 　　陶瓷球也能够作为喷料。 　　12．五颜六色不锈钢 　　不锈钢五颜六色工艺是世界镍公司（INCO）70年代研制成功的，许多公司都有运用这一工艺的许可证。 　　前面现已解说过，不锈钢之所以不生锈是因为它表层的情性氧化铬膜。 　　五颜六色工艺就是使用这层膜构成指定的颜色。 　　因为不锈钢使用了这层一直存在的膜，所以既不退色，也不需求像油漆相同常常保护。 　　五颜六色不锈钢还能够进行成型处理，即便在锐弯处也不会对颜色有任何不良影响。 　　关于对耐蚀性的影响，实验标明选用该工艺后耐蚀性有所增强。 　　该工艺与操作时刻密切相关，时刻不同颜色会发生改变。颜色的改变次序是棕色、金色、赤色、紫色和绿色。 　　该工艺的一大特点是它的终究外观能够反映出该材料本来的表面，即：镜面或抛光面会发生很强的金属光泽，而毛面表面加工的颜色是无 光泽的。 　　工艺进程： 　　该工艺是将不锈钢浸泡在溶液槽中，溶液中最好是每升含250克Cr2O3，每升含490克硫酸也能够，温度规模80~85℃，浸泡时刻取决于所需求的颜色，最多不超越25分钟。 　　将钢板用洁净的冷水漂洗后，再在室温条件下放到浓度为250克/1升氯酸和2.5克/1升磷酸的液体中进行阴极处理，时刻大约为10分钟，电流密度为0．2~0．4A/dm2。 　　为了避免损坏，五颜六色处理后当即进行硬化处理，然后在热水中进行漂洗而且枯燥。 　　13．混合表面加工 　　五颜六色不锈钢上能够再加图画，所开发的专有技能包含用刚玉砂带除掉"杰出"部分，这样，终究的成果是将钢板的天然之美与五颜六色图画的颜色结合在一同。 　　这种表面不简单留下手印，特别适用于室内装修。 　　抛光供应商能够供给表面加工的样品。 　　14．蚀刻表面加工 　　经过覆膜工艺将图画标在钢板表面，再将钢板浸在酸液（o级）中，将未覆膜的部分浸蚀掉，在不锈钢的表面构成美丽的图画。.

不锈钢的运用跟着经济的开展变得愈加广泛，人们在日常日子中与不锈钢休戚相关，可是很多人对不锈钢的功能知道不多，对不锈钢的保护保养就知道得更少了。很多人认为不锈钢是永不生锈的，其实，不锈钢耐腐蚀性杰出。原因是表面构成一层钝化膜，在自然界中它以更安稳的氧化物的形状的存在。也就是说，不锈钢尽管按运用条件不同，氧化程度不一样，但终究都被氧化，这种现象一般叫做腐蚀。裸露在腐蚀环境中的金属表面悉数发作电化反响或化学反响，均匀遭到腐蚀。不锈钢表面钝化膜之中耐腐蚀才能弱的部位，因为自激反响而构成点蚀反响，生成小孔，再加上有氯离子挨近，构成很强的腐蚀性溶液，加快腐蚀反响的速度。还有不锈钢内部的晶间腐蚀开裂，所有这些，对不锈钢表面的钝化膜都发作损坏效果。因而，对不锈钢表面有必要进行定时的清洁保养，以坚持其富丽的表面及延伸运用寿命。清洗不锈钢表面时有必要留意不发作表面划伤现象，防止运用漂白成分以及研磨剂的洗刷液，钢丝球、研磨东西等，为除去洗刷液，洗刷结束时再用洁清水冲刷表面。 不锈钢表面有尘埃以及易除去尘垢物的，可用番笕，弱洗刷剂或温水洗刷。不锈钢表面的商标、贴膜，用温水，弱洗刷剂来洗，粘结剂成份，运用酒精或有机溶剂(、)擦拭。 不锈钢表面的油脂、油、润滑油污染，用柔软的布擦洁净，以后用中性洗刷剂或溶液或用专用洗刷剂清洗。不锈钢表面有漂白剂以及各种酸附着，当即用水冲刷，再用溶液或中性碳酸苏打水溶液浸洗，用中性洗刷剂或温水洗刷。 不锈钢表面有彩虹纹，是过多运用洗刷剂或油引起，洗刷时用温水中性洗刷剂可洗去。　 不锈钢表面污物引起的锈，可用10%硝酸或研磨洗刷剂洗刷，也可用专门的洗刷药品洗刷。　 只需咱们运用正确的保养办法，就能延伸不锈钢的运用寿命，坚持其洁净、亮堂、富丽的气度。.