冷轧板卷是以热轧卷为原料，在室温下在再结晶温度以下进行轧制而成，包括板和卷，国内众多钢厂如宝钢、武钢、鞍钢等均可以生产。其中成张交货的称为钢板，也称盒板或平板；长度很长、成卷交货的称为钢带，也称卷板。 生产过程中由于不进行加热，所以不存在热轧常出现的麻点和氧化铁皮等缺陷，表面质量好、光洁度高。而且冷轧产品的尺寸精度高，产品的性能和组织能满足一些特殊的使用要求，如电磁性能、深冲性能等。  　　规格：厚度为0.2-4mm，宽度为600-2 000mm，钢板长度为1 200-6 000mm。  　　牌号：Q195A-Q235A、Q195AF-Q235AF、Q295A(B)-Q345 A(B)；SPCC、SPCD、SPCE、ST12-15;DC01-06  　　性能：主要采用低碳钢牌号，要求具有良好的冷弯和焊接性能，以及一定的冲压性能。 钢号规格（厚*宽*长）冷轧板规格板0.4*1000*C0.5*1250*C0.35*1000*C 1.0*1000*C0.7*1020*C0.3*1000*C 0.4*1000*C1.5*1000*C2.5*1000*C 2.5*1000*C2.0*1250*C1.5*1250*C 1.0*1250*C1.0*1000*C1.0*1000*2000 1.2*1000*20001.5*1000*20000.5*1000*C 2.0*1000*20003.0*1000*20001.0*1250*2000 1.0*1250*25001.2*1250*20001.2*1250*2500 1.5*1250*20001.5*1250*20002.0*1250*2000 2.0*1250*25002.5*1250*20002.5*1250*2500 3.0*1250*20003.0*1250*25001.0*1250*2500 0.35*1000*20000.4*1000*20000.45*1000*2000 0.5*1000*20000.6*1000*20000.7*1000*2000 0.8*1000*20002.0*1000*20001.2*1000*2000 1.5*1000*20001.0*1250*2000

冷轧板带用途很广，如汽车制造、电气产品、机车车辆、航空、精密仪表、食品罐头等。 　　冷轧薄钢板是普通碳素结构钢冷轧板的简称，也称冷轧板，俗称冷板，有时会被误写成冷扎板。冷板是由普通碳素结构钢热轧钢带，经过进一步冷轧制成厚度小于4mm的钢板。由于在常温下轧制，不产生氧化铁皮，因此，冷板表面质量好，尺寸精度高，再加之退火处理，其机械性能和工艺性能都优于热轧薄钢板，在许多领域里，特别是家电制造领域，已逐渐用它取代热轧薄钢板。 　　适用牌号：Q195、Q215、Q235、Q275；SPCC（日本牌号）；ST12（德国牌号） 　　符号：冷轧板的用途 　　1、Q—普通碳素结构钢屈服点（极限）的代号，它是“屈”的第一个汉语拼音字母的大小写；195、215、235、255、275—分别表示它们屈服点（极限）的数值，单位：兆帕MPa（N/mm2）；由于Q235钢的强度、塑性、韧性和焊接性等综合机械性能在普通碳素结构钢中属最了，能较好地满足一般的使用要求，所以应用范围十分广泛。 　　2、S-钢（Steel）、P-板（Plate）、C-冷轧（cold）、第四位C-普通级（common）。 　　3、ST-钢（Steel）、12-普通级冷轧薄钢板、　 　　标记：尺寸精度—尺寸—钢板品种标准 　　冷轧钢板：钢号—技术条件标准 　　标记示例：B-0.57501500-GB708-88；钢板、标准号Q/BQB402，牌号SPCC，热处理状态退火+平整（S），表央加工状态为麻面D，表面质量为FB级的切边（切边EC，不切边EM）钢板、厚度0.5mm，B级精度，宽度1000mm，A级精度，长度2000mm，A级精度，不平度精度为PF.A，则标记为：钢板ECQ/BQB 402-SPCC-SD-FB/（0.51000A2000A-PF.A）； 　　冷轧钢板：Q225-GB912-89 　　主要产地有：宝钢、鞍钢、本钢、武钢、邯钢、包钢、唐钢、涟钢、济钢等 　　冷轧普通薄钢板 ：由普通碳素结构钢或低合金结构钢冷轧制成。冷轧板表面质量较好。具有良好的冲压性能。对其要求要保证冷弯和杯试验合格，常用于汽车等行业和镀层板的原料。 　　冷轧优质薄钢板：主要包括各种优质钢冷轧薄板，最常用的是碳素结构钢板，尤其是深冲压用冷轧薄钢板，是由低碳优质钢08Al冷轧的薄板，钢板按表面质量分为三组；Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ，分别表示特别高级、高级、较高的精整表面,按拉延级别分为ZF、HF、F级（代表用于冲制拉延最复杂、很复杂、复杂的零件）,根据钢板厚度允许偏差，又分为A、B两级精度、广泛用于汽车拖拉机工业。 　　冷轧钢板，表面光洁，加工优良，用于汽车、冰箱、洗衣机等家电，以及产业设备、各种建筑材料。随着经济发展，冷轧钢板已被称为现代社会的必须材料。 冷轧产品的分类： 热轧酸洗、轧硬卷、普通冷轧、镀锌（电镀锌、耐指纹、热镀锌）、镀铝锌、电镀锡、彩涂、电工钢（矽钢片）等。 　　1、热轧酸洗：　　2、轧 硬 卷：在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。　　产品特点：因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。

铜箔是一种阴质性电解材料，沉淀于线路板基底层上的一层薄的、连续的金属箔，它作为PCB的导电体，容易粘合于绝缘层，接受印刷保护层，腐蚀后形成电路图样。刚刚生产pcb时使用的都为压延铜箔，就是把铜块压扁。那PCB板铜箔的厚度是多少呢？PCB板铜箔 厚度的单位用OZ（盎司）表示，盎司（OZ）本身是一个重量单位。盎司和克（g）的换算公式为：1OZ ≈28.35g。在PCB行业中，1OZ意思是重量1OZ的铜均匀平铺在1平方英尺（FT2）的面积上所达到的厚度，也就是大约1.4mil。用公式来表示即，1OZ=28.35g/ FT2。一般单、双面PCB板铜箔（覆铜）厚度约为35um（1.4mil），也有规格为50um和70um的。多层板表层一般35um=1oz（1.4mil），内层17.5um（0.7mil）。国际PCB厚度常用有：35um、50um、70um普通的PCB板铜箔0.5oz,1oz ,2oz，多用于消费类及通讯类产品。而厚度在3oz以上属厚铜产品，大多用于大电流，高压产品。如电源板等！

铝塑板厚度：复合板是由内外两面铝合金板、低密度聚乙烯芯层与粘合剂复合为一体的一种新型 金属 塑料复合墙面装饰材料，由于其具有防火、耐酸、耐冲击、可弯曲、可钉刨、施工简便、易清洗等特点，具有很强的抗风、抗弯强度以及良好的隔音、隔热性能。铝塑复合板是一种新型的生态环境建筑材料，广泛应用于建筑幕墙、室内装修、广告宣传、汽车装饰、家具制造等领域，被建筑师们称为继石材（陶瓷、砖）、玻璃之后的第三代幕墙材料。　　铝塑复合板在我国的生产始于20世纪90年代，经过近10年的发展，已在 市场 认知度、 产量 、品种、工艺、质量、标准、应用等各方面都取得了显著进步。据不完全统计，自1998年以来，铝塑复合板年 产量 以近30%的速度增长。到2002年，铝塑复合板年 产量 已超过5000万平米，年产值超过100亿元人民币，并已形成一定规模的出口能力。可以说，铝塑复合板已经作为一个 产业 在中国蓬勃发展。　　铝塑板厚度大致可分室外、室内用两种，再可分为防火型和一般型。现在 市场 大量销售的均为一般型。室外用铝塑复合板上下均为0.5mm铝板（一般为纯铝板），中间夹层为PE（聚乙稀）或PVC（聚氯乙烯），夹层厚度为3-5mm。防火型铝塑复合板中间夹层为FR（防火塑胶）。室外用复合铝塑板厚度为4-6mm。室内用铝塑板上下面一般为0.2-0.25mm铝板，夹层厚度为2.5-3mm，室内用铝塑板厚度为3-4mm。铝塑板产品标准规格一般为1220（宽）x2440（长）x厚度，宽度也可以达到1250或1500mm。室外常采用厚度最薄应为4mm，室内采用厚度应力为3mm。 

冷轧是在室温条件下将钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最小厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，大部份工厂如保定普瑞钢材冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和 市场 需求而决定。冷轧的优缺点：优点：成型速度快、 产量 高，且不损伤涂层，可以做成多种多样的截面形式，以适应使用条件的需要；冷轧可以使钢材产生很大的塑性变形，从而提高了钢材的屈服点。缺点: 1.虽然成型过程中没有经过热态塑性压缩，但截面内仍然存在残余应力，对钢材整体和局部屈曲的特性必然产生影响；2.冷轧型钢样式一般为开口截面，使得截面的自由扭转刚度较低。在受弯时容易出现扭转，受压时容易出现弯扭屈曲，抗扭性能较差；3.冷轧成型钢壁厚较小，在板件衔接的转角处又没有加厚，承受局部性的集中荷载的能力弱。镀锌是在装有镀件、玻璃球、锌粉、水和促进剂的旋转滚桶内，作为冲击介质的玻璃球随着滚桶转动，与镀件表面发生摩擦和锤击产生机械物理能量，在化学促进剂的作用下，将镀涂的锌粉“冷焊”到镀件表面上，形成光滑、均匀和细致的具有一定厚度的镀层。镀锌分为热镀锌和电镀锌两种。热镀锌也叫热浸镀锌和热浸锌，是一种有效的 金属 防腐方式，主要用于各 行业 的 金属 结构设施上。是将除锈后的钢件浸入500℃左右融化的锌液中，使钢构件表面附着锌层，从而起到防腐的目的。电镀锌，是利用电解设备将管件经过除油、酸洗、后放入成分为锌盐的溶液中，并连接电解设备的负极，在管件的对面放置锌版，连接在电解设备的正极接通电源，利用电流从正极向负极的定向移动就会在管件上沉积一层锌，冷镀管件是先加工后镀锌。

铜箔厚度的计算印刷电路板的铜箔厚度关系到阻抗值的变化，有了正确的铜箔厚度在ALLEGRO的CROSS SECTION 栏位上，正确的计算印刷电路板上每一根绕线的阻抗值（或宽度）而在许多的设计手册上经常发现以盎司(oz)为单位来建议铜箔的使用，究竟一盎司铜箔应该在allegro的cross section栏位上表现多少的厚度？请看下面说明：1定义：一盎司铜箔 是指一平方英尺铺上重量一盎司的铜。意即为1oz/ft2。2单位换算：一盎司=0.0625磅一磅=454公克一英尺=12英尺一英尺=2.54公分铜比重（密度）=8.93（G/CM3）3计算：1oz铜箔=28.4g(约=1*0.0625*454)1英寸=1*（12*2.54）方=1*30.48方=929.03（平方厘米）重量=体积*密度=面积*高度*密度28.4克=929.03*高度*8.93高度=0.0034里面（约）=1.3（mil）--一盎司铜箔厚度

铝板厚度:（冷轧 热轧）材质1系3系5系6系7系8系 模具铝板厚度　0.1mm---260mm宽度　800mm----1900mm铝板，顾名思义是指用铝材或铝合金材料制成的板型材料。或者说是由扁铝胚经加热、轧延及拉直或固溶时效热等过程制造而成的板型铝制品。铝板的用途　　1.照明灯饰2、太阳能反射片3、建筑外观4、室内装潢：天花板，墙面等5、家具、橱柜6、电梯7、标牌、铭牌、箱包8、汽车内外装饰9.室内装饰品：如相框10、家用电器：冰箱、微波炉、音响设备等11.航空航天以及军事方面，比如中国目前的大飞机制造，神舟飞船系列，卫星等方面。铝板的分类以及用途　根据合金元素含量不同铝板可以分为8个系列分别为 1***，2***，3***，4***.5***.6***.7***.8*** 　　根据加工工艺不同又可分为冷轧和热轧。根据厚度不同可以分为薄板和中厚板。GB/T3880-2006标准中规定 厚度0.2毫米以下的称为铝箔。一般常常指单层铝板(也有叫单铝板或纯铝板),建筑上使用的铝板包括单层铝板、复合铝板等多种材料.多用于建筑装饰工程中,近年来在铝板幕墙中单层铝板使用的较为多见.铝板幕墙也是幕墙的一种形式,简单地说是用铝板代替玻璃制成幕墙,铝板幕墙多用于作墙体蔽护和不采光的墙壁.如广州世界贸易中心,就用了西南铝加工厂板材分厂加工好不同弧度的铝板近一百五十吨,表面采用静电喷涂.　为了加强铝板板面强度,国外的铝板幕墙一直选用单层铝板.单层铝板一般用纯铝板.铝板厚度为3mm.铝板的背面,必须安装加强筋(现有的厂家不安),加强筋用厚的铝带做成先用闪光焊机把一颗颗螺丝帽铝板焊在铝板背面然后把作加强筋的铝条钻孔套进螺丝内用螺丝固定.国为了减轻铝板重量增加铝板强度.采用铝合金板常选用21号防锈铝代号LF21压成的铝板作幕墙铝板.铝板厚度由原来3mm减少为2.5mm该合金强度比纯铝板高出一倍左右.铝带的宽度厚度根据铝板板面而定.加强筋用LF21铝带.一般厚2-2.5mm宽10-25mm.铝板幕墙的铝板背面为什么要安加强筋外界正负压力的情况下铝板一不会凹陷二不会鼓出.  这样就避免了铝板幕墙反复里外振动而发出的振动声音.如果需要隔音保温可在铝板内侧安放岩棉矿渣棉或发泡处理铝板，重庆西南铝深加工厂,国内第一家生产铝板幕墙的铝板厂家.该厂为军品厂家,生产的铝板宽度可达到2.8米.可分为二种方法,幕墙铝板表面处理.一种是阳极氧化,另一种是静电喷涂.阳极氧化的氧化膜一般在12m以上.　 更多有关铝板厚度信息请详见于上海 有色 网 

冷轧：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在6~13.5吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。内径为610mm。产品特点因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。简单来说，冷轧，是在热软板扎的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧→酸洗→冷轧这样的加工过程。冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。由热轧经过连续冷变形而成的冷轧，机械性能比较差，硬度太高，必须经过退火才能恢复其机械性能，没有退火的叫轧硬卷。轧硬卷一般是用来做无需折弯，拉伸的产品，1.0以下厚度轧硬的运气好的两边或者四边折弯。化学成分（Wt%）牌号CSiMnPSCuSPCC0.02～0.08≤0.100.15～0.30≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050Q1950.06～0.12≤0.300.25～0.50≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050Q235-B0.12～0.20≤0.300.30～0.70≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050制作工序冷轧通常采用众轧的方式。冷轧生产的工序一般包括原料准备、酸洗、轧制、脱脂、退火(热处理)、精整等。冷轧以热轧产品为原料，冷轧前原料要先除磷，以保证冷轧产品的表面洁净。轧制是使材料变形的主要工序。脱脂的目的在于去除轧制时附在轧材上的润滑油脂，以免退火时污染钢材表面，对不锈钢也为防止增碳。退火包括中间退火和成品热处理，中间退火是通过再结晶消除冷变形时产生的加工硬化，以恢复材料的塑性及降低金属的变形抗力。成品热处理的目的除了通过再结晶消除硬化外。还在于根据产品的技术要求以获得所需要的组织(如各种织构等)和产品性能(如深冲、电磁性能等)。精整包括检查、剪切、矫直(平整)、打印、分类包装等内容。冷轧产品有很高的包装要求，以防止产品在运输过程中表面被刮伤。除上述工序外在生产一些特殊产品时还有各自的特殊工序。如轧制硅钢板时，在冷轧前要进行脱碳退火，轧后要进行涂膜、高温退火、拉伸矫直(见张力矫直)与回火等。用于冷轧带刚的轧机有二辊轧机、四辊轧机和多辊轧机。应用最多的是四辊轧机。轧制更薄的产品则要采用多辊轧机。多辊轧机的种类很多，如六辊轧机、偏八辊轧机，十二辊轧机，二十辊轧机等(见轧机)。随着对板形要求的提高，发展了许多改进板形的技术，如弯辊技术、窜辊技术和交叉轧辊技术等。冷轧带钢轧机按机架排列可分为单机可逆或不可逆式与多机连续式两类。前者适用于多品种、少批量或合金钢产品比例大的情况。它投资低、建厂快，但产量低，金属消耗较大。多机架连续轧制适合于产品品种较单一或者变动不大的情况，它有生产效率高、产量大的优点，但投资较大。与热轧带钢(见热连轧宽带钢生产工艺、热轧窄带钢生产)相比，冷轧带钢(见冷板扎带生产)的轧制工艺有以下特点：(1)采用工艺润滑和冷却，以降低轧制时的变形抗力和冷却轧辊；(2)采用大张力轧制，以降低变形抗力和保持轧制过程的稳定。采用的平均单位张力值为材料屈服强度的10%～60%，一般不超过50%；(3)采用多轧程轧制。由于冷轧使材料产生加工硬化，当总变形量达到60%～80%时，继续变形就变得很困难。为此要进行中间退火，使材料软化后轧制得以继续进行。为了得到要求的薄带钢，这样的中间退火可能要进行多次。两次中间退火之间的轧制称为一个轧程。冷轧带钢的退火在有保护气体的连续式退火炉或罩式退火炉中进行(见冷轧板带退火)。冷轧带钢的最小厚度目前可达到0.05mm，冷轧箔材可达到0.001mm。

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板，俗称冷板。　　冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。 　　一般来说，冷轧钢板分为三代产品：沸腾钢为第一代，铝镇静钢为第二代，无间隙原子刚（IF钢）为第三代。   您查询的关键词是：冷轧钢板  。如果打开速度慢，可以尝试快速版；如果想保存快照，可以添加到搜藏。 "冷轧钢板""2,冷轧钢板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.56",,"2.5","6000x1200 7000x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","22.25""0.45",,"4.01",,"2.75",,"24.48""0.5",,"4.45",,"3.0",,"26.70""0.6",,"5.34",,"3.5",,"31.50""0.7",,"6.23",,"4.0",,"35.60""0.8",,"7.12",,"4.5",,"40.05""0.9",,"8.01",,"5.0",,"44.50""1.0",,"8.90",,"5.5",,"48.95""1.1",,"9.79",,"6.0",,"53.40""1.2",,"10.68",,"6.5",,"57.85""1.35",,"12.02",,"7.0",,"62.30""1.5",,"13.35",,"7.5",,"66.75""1.65",,"14.60",,"8.0",,"71.20""1.8",,"16.02",,"9.0",,"80.10""2.0",,"17.80",,"10.0",,"89.00""2.25",,"20.03""冷轧铜条""2,冷轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.20","200~400","500~800","1.78",,"2.50","200~500","500~2000","22.25""0.25",,,"2.23",,"2.75",,,"24.48""0.30",,,"2.67",,"3.00",,"1000~2000","26.70""0.35",,,"3.12",,"3.50",,,"31.15""0.40","200~500","500~2000","3.56",,"4.00",,,"35.60""0.45",,,"4.01",,"4.50",,,"40.05""0.50",,,"4.45",,"5.00",,,"44.50""0.60",,,"5.34",,"5.50",,,"48.95""0.70",,,"6.23",,"6.00",,,"53.40""0.80",,,"7.12",,"6.50",,,"57.85""0.90",,,"8.01",,"7.00",,,"62.30""1.00",,,"8.90",,"8.00",,,"71.20""1.20",,,"10.68",,"9.00",,,"80.10""1.30",,,"11.57",,"10.00",,,"89.00""1.40",,,"12.46",,"11.00",,,"97.90""1.50",,,"13.35",,"12.00",,,"106.8""1.60",,,"14.69",,"13.00",,,"115.7""1.80",,,"16.02",,"14.00",,,"124.6""2.00",,,"17.80",,"15.00",,,"133.5""注 铜板和条(热轧,冷轧)的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4和TU和TUP,其化学成分应符合YB145-71规定""特殊用冷轧黄铜条""3,特殊用冷轧黄铜条(YB555-65)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)""0.20","200~300","500~1000","1.76",,"1.6","200~500","500~2000","14.08""0.25",,,"2.20",,"1.8",,,"15.84""0.30","200~400",,"2.64",,"2.0",,,"17.60""0.35",,,"3.08",,"2.5",,,"22.00""0.40","200~500",,"3.52",,"2.75",,,"24.20""0.45",,,"3.96",,"3.0",,,"26.40""0.50",,"500~2000","4.40",,"3.5",,,"30.80""0.55",,,"4.84",,"4.0",,,"35.20""0.60",,,"5.28",,"4.5",,,"39.60""0.70",,,"6.16",,"5.0",,,"44.00""0.80",,,"7.04",,"5.5",,,"48.40""0.90",,,"7.92",,"6.0",,,"52.80""1.0",,,"8.8",,"6.5",,,"57.20""1.2",,,"10.56",,"7.0",,,"61.60""1.3",,,"11.44",,"8.0",,,"70.40""1.4",,,"12.32",,"9.0",,,"79.20""1.5",,,"13.20",,"10.0",,,"88.00""注 (1)标记举例:用H80制成的,厚度为0.8mm,宽度为300mm,长度为1000mm的1/2硬条标记为:"" 条H80-Y20.8x300x1000YB555-65."" (2)冷轧条分为定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.""多面体的体积和表面积""多面体的体积和表面积""图形",,"尺寸符号",,"重心(G)""立方体",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方体∧棱柱∨",,,,"G0=h/2""三棱柱",,,,"Go=h/2""棱锥",,,,"Go=h/4""棱台""圆柱和空心圆柱∧管∨",,,,"Go=h/2""斜线直圆柱""直圆锥",,,,"Go=h/4""圆台""球",,,,"在球心上""球扇形∧球楔∨",,,,"Go=3/4(r-h/2)""球缺",,,,"Go=3(2r-h)2/4(3r-h)""圆环体∧胎∨",,,,"在环中心上""球带体",,,,"Go=h1+h/2""桶形",,,,"在轴交点上""椭球体",," a,b,c-半轴",,"在轴交点上""交叉圆柱体",,,,"在二轴交点上""梯形体""常用图形求面积,体积公式""常用图形求面积,体积公式""图形",,"尺寸符号","面积(F) 表面积(S)","重心(G)""正方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""三角形",,,,"GB=1/3BD CD=DA""平行四边形",,,,"对角线交点上""任意四边形""正多边形",,,,"在o点上""菱形",,,,"在对角线交点上""梯形""圆形",,,,"在圆心上""椭圆形",,"a·b-主轴","F= (π/4) a·b","在主轴交点G上""扇形""弓形""圆环",,,,"在圆心O""部分圆环""新月形",,,,"O1G=(π-P)L/2P","L d/10","2d/10 3d/10 4d/10","5d/10 6d/10 7d/10 ","8d/10 9d/10","P 0.40","0.79 1.18 1.56","1.91 2.25 2.55","2.81 3.02""抛物线形""等多边形",,," "," 在内,外接圆心处""冷轧黄钢板""4,冷轧黄钢板(YB460-71)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)""0.20","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","1.70",,"2.00","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","17.00""0.25",,"2.13",,"2.25",,"19.13""0.30",,"2.55",,"2.50",,"21.25""0.35",,"2.98",,"2.75",,"23.38""0.40",,"3.40",,"3.00",,"25.50""0.45",,"3.82",,"3.50",,"29.75""0.50",,"4.25",,"4.00",,"34.00""0.60",,"5.10",,"4.50",,"38.20""0.70",,"5.95",,"5.00",,"42.50""0.80",,"6.80",,"5.50",,"46.75""0.90",,"7.65",,"6.00",,"51.00""1.00",,"8.50",,"6.50",,"55.25""1.10",,"9.35",,"7.00",,"59.50""1.20",,"10.20",,"7.50",,"63.75""1.35",,"11.48",,"8.00",,"68.00""1.50",,"12.75",,"9.00",,"76.50""1.65",,"14.03",,"10.00",,"85.00""1.80",,"15.30""注 (1)冷轧软板仅供应H59,H62,H68,H80,H90,H96,HMn58-2,HPb59-1牌号.""(2)冷轧1/2硬板仅供应H62,H65,H68,H90,HMn58-2牌号.""(3)冷轧特硬板仅供应H62牌号.""(4)冷轧板材长度分为:定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.其通常长度为500~2000mm,但长度不得小于宽度.""特殊用冷轧黄钢板""5,特殊用冷轧黄钢板(YB555-65)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.52",,"2.25","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","19.60""0.45",,"3.96",,"2.50",,"22.00""0.50",,"4.40",,"2.75",,"24.20""0.55",,"4.84",,"3.0",,"26.40""0.60",,"5.28",,"3.5",,"30.80""0.70",,"6.16",,"4.0",,"35.20""0.80",,"7.04",,"4.5",,"39.60""0.90",,"7.92",,"5.0",,"44.00""1.0",,"8.80",,"5.5",,"48.40""1.1",,"9.68",,"6.0",,"52.80""1.2",,"10.56",,"6.5",,"57.20""1.35",,"11.88",,"7.0",,"61.60""1.5",,"13.20",,"7.5",,"66.60""1.65",,"14.52",,"8.0",,"70.40""1.8",,"15.84",,"9.0",,"79.20""2.0",,"17.60",,"10.0",,"88.00""注 标记举例:用H90制成的,厚度为2.5mm,宽度为600mm,长度为1200mm的软板标记为:"" 板H90M2.5x600x1200xYB555-65.""铝及铝合金板""6,铝及铝合金板""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)"0.5,"1.40",,"2.5","7.00",,"9.0","25.2",,"25","70.0"0.6,"1.68",,"3.0","8.40",,"10.0","28.0",,"30","84.0"0.8,"2.24",,"3.5","9.80",,"12.0","33.6",,"35","98.0""1.0","2.80",,"4.0","11.20",,"14.0","39.2",,"40","112.0""1.2","3.36",,"5.0","14.00",,"16.0","44.8",,"50","140.0""1.5","4.20",,"6.0","16.80",,"18.0","50.4",,"60","168.0""1.8","5.04",,"7.0","19.60",,"20.0","56.0",,"70","196.0""2.0","5.60",,"8.0","22.40",,"22.0","61.6",,"80","224.0""注 (1)板的宽度有1000,1200和500mm;板的长度有2000,3000和4000mm."" (2)理论重量按LY11,LY12和LD10等牌号铝合金的比重2.8计算,对于其他牌号的铝合金和工业纯铝,应乘以"" 下列换算系数:LD2-0.961;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975;LC4-1.018;工业纯铝-0.967.""铅板""7,铅板(GB1470-79)""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)""1.0","11.37",,"3.0","34.11",,"5.0","56.85",,"9.0","102.33""1.5","17.06",,"3.5","39.80",,"6.0","68.22",,"10.0","113.70""2.0","22.74",,"4.0","45.48",,"7.0","79.59",,"12.0","136.44""2.5","28.43",,"4.5","51.17",,"8.0","90.96",,"16.0","170.55""注 (1)铅的化学成分按GB469-64标准."" (2)板材理论重量按比重为11.34计算,宽度按500mm进张."" (3)板材成卷供应,厚度大于15mm的板材,以片状供应,厚度不大于1.5mm的板材,应用木箱包装.""纯铜带"",纯铜带(YB464-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.05","18~150","≥20","0.44",,"0.50","18~300","≥10","4.45""0.06",,,"0.53",,"0.55",,,"4.90""0.07",,,"0.62",,"0.60",,,"5.34""0.08",,,"0.71",,"0.65",,,"5.79""0.09",,,"0.80",,"0.70",,,"6.23""0.10","18~300",,"0.89",,"0.75",,,"6.68""0.12",,,"1.07",,"0.80",,,"7.12""0.15",,,"1.34",,"0.85",,,"7.57""0.18",,,"1.60",,"0.90",,,"8.01""0.20",,,"1.78",,"1.00",,,"8.90""0.22",,,"1.96",,"1.10",,,"9.79""0.25",,,"2.23",,"1.20",,"≥7","10.68""0.30",,,"2.67",,"1.30",,,"11.57""0.35",,,"3.12",,"14.40",,,"12.46""0.40",,,"3.56",,"1.50",,,"13.35""0.45",,,"4.01""注 纯铜带的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4,TUP,其化学成分符合YB145-71的规定.""铝带""9,铝带""宽 度 (mm)","厚 度 (mm)","3","4","5","6","8","10","12","重 量 (kg/m)""10","0.080","0.107","0.134 0.161 0.268 0.335 0.402 0.536 0.670 0.804 1.072 1.340 1.608","0.161","0.214","0.268","0.322""12","0.096","0.129",,"0.193","0.257","0.322","0.386""15","0.121","0.161",,"0.241","0.322","0.402","0.482""20","0.161","0.214",,"0.322","0.429","0.568","0.643""25","0.201","0.268",,"0.402","0.568","0.670","0.804""30","0.241","0.332",,"0.482","0.643","0.804","0.965""40","0.322","0.429",,"0.643","0.858","1.072","1.286""50","0.402","0.536",,"0.804","1.072","1.340","1.608""60","0.482","0.643",,"0.965","1.286","1.608","1.930""80","0.643","0.858",,"1.286","1.715","2.144","2.573""100","0.804","1.072",,"1.608","2.144","2.680","3.216""120","0.965","1.286",,"1.930","2.573","3.216","3.859""注 表中重量系以LY11,LY12,(比重2.8)为准,其他合金应乘以下列系数:"" L1~L6-0.967;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975.""热轧铜条""1,热轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""4.0","200~500","≥1000","35.60",,"8.0","200~500","≥1000","71.20""4.5",,,"40.05",,"9.0",,,"80.10""5.0",,,"44.05",,"10.0",,,"89.0""5.5",,,"48.95",,"11.0",,,"97.9""6.0",,,"53.40",,"12.0",,,"106.8""6.5",,,"57.85",,"13.0",,,"115.7""7.0",,,"62.30",,"14.0",,,"124.6""7.5",,,"66.75",,"15.0",,,"133.5""英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""(二)英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm""0","0.324","8.230",,"14","0.080","2.032",,"28","0.0148","0.376""1","0.300","7.020",,"15","0.072","1.829",,"29","0.0136","0.345""2","0.276","7.010",,"16","0.064","1.626",,"30","0.0124","0.315""3","0.252","6.401",,"17","0.056","1.422",,"31","0.0116","0.295""4","0.232","5.893",,"18","0.048","1.219",,"32","0.0108","0.274""5","0.212","5.385",,"19","0.040","1.016",,"33","0.0100","0.254""6","0.192","4.877",,"20","0.036","0.914",,"34","0.0092","0.234""7","0.176","4.470",,"21","0.032","0.813",,"35","0.0084","0.213""8","0.160","4.064",,"22","0.028","0.711",,"36","0.0076","0.193""9","0.144","3.658",,"23","0.024","0.610",,"37","0.0068","0.173""10","0.128","3.251",,"24","0.022","0.559",,"38","0.0060","0.152""11","0.116","2.946",,"25","0.020","0.508",,"39","0.0052","0.132"12,"0.104","2.642",,"26","0.018","0.457",,"40","0.0048","0.122"13,"0.092","2.337",,"27","0.0164","0.417",,"41","0.0044","0.112""刺钢丝""三)刺钢丝规格和重量""说 明 和 用 途",,"钢丝划号 (号)","刺间距离 (mm)","每kg长度 (m)","重量 (kg/km)""刺钢丝又名刺铁丝,俗称"花园铅丝"(因常作花园围墙篱笆之用,故名),系以镀锌钢丝经机器铰缠而成(一般用#12或#14钢丝制作).适于作各种围墙(尤其是公园围墙和临时建筑场地 的围墙)篱笆或障碍物用.",,"12","65","6.4","156",,,"75","7.2","139",,,"100","7.9","127",,,"125","8.6","116",,"14","65","10.9","91.8",,,"75","11.5","86.9",,,"100","13.0","76.9",,,"125","14.0","71.4""注 (1)刺钢丝规格的注写方法为"钢丝直径(号数)x尖数x刺间距离",或"钢丝直径(号数)x刺间距离"."" (2)表列刺钢丝的"每kg长度"和"重量",仅供参考.""刻痕钢丝""四)刻痕钢丝规格和重量""直径 (mm)","断面积 (mm2)","重量 (kg/m)"," 抗 拉 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,"屈 服 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,,"I组","II组","I组","II组""2.5","4.90","0.034","190","160","152","128""3","7.06","0.056","180","150","144","120""4","12.56","0.094","170","140","136","112""5","19.63","0.150","160","130","126","104""注 刻痕钢丝是由预应力混凝土结构用碳素钢丝(冷拔高强度钢丝)在经特制的"刻痕机"进行刻痕而制成的"" 预应力钢筋混凝土结构用的钢丝.""钢丝网""五)钢丝网规格和重量""号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)"20,"1.6","1.5",,"6","2.0","6.7",,"2.5","0.7","2.0",,"1","0.3","0.9","3.0","5.1",,"5.5","0.5","0.6",,"2.2","0.45","1.0",,,"0.35","1.2""18","1.6","1.7",,,"1.6","4.7",,,"0.6","1.6",,"0.9","0.25","0.7","3.0","5.7",,,"2.0","7.2",,,"0.8","2.9",,,"0.3","1.0""16","1.6","1.9",,"5","0.7","1.1",,"2","0.4","0.9",,,"0.4","1.6","3.0","6.3",,,"1.4","4.1",,,"0.5","1.3",,"0.8","0.22","0.6""14","1.4","1.7",,,"2.2","8.9",,,"0.6","1.9",,,"0.28","0.9","2.5","4.9",,"4.5","0.5","0.7",,,"1.2","6.0",,,"0.3","1.0""12","1.2","1.4",,,"1.0","2.3",,"1.8","0.4","0.9",,"0.7","0.2","0.6","2.5","5.7",,,"1.8","6.8",,,"0.5","1.4",,,"0.25","0.9""11","1.2","1.5",,"4","0.6","1.0",,,"0.7","2.6",,,"0.30","1.2","2.5","6.1",,,"1.0","2.6",,"1.6","0.3","0.6",,"0.63","0.22","0.7""10","1.0","1.2",,,"1.4","4.8",,,"0.4","1.0",,,"0.25","0.9","2.5","6.6",,"3.5","0.7","1.5",,,"0.45","1.3",,,"0.28","1.2""9","1.0","1.3",,,"1.0","2.9",,"1.4","0.30","0.7",,"0.56","0.22","0.8","2.2","5.7",,,"1.2","4.0",,,"0.35","0.9",,,"0.25","1.0""8","0.7","0.7",,"3.2","0.45","0.7",,,"0.65","2.7",,,"0.28","1.2","1.2","2.1",,,"0.9","2.7",,"1.2","0.28","0.7",,"0.5","0.22","0.9","1.8","4.5",,,"1.2","4.3",,,"0.35","1.0",,,"0.25","1.1""7","0.7","0.8",,"2.8","0.4","0.7",,,"0.4","1.3",,,"0.3","1.5","1.2","2.3",,,"0.7","1.8",,"1.1","0.28","0.7",,"0.45","0.2","0.8","1.8","5.0",,,"1.0","3.6",,,"0.35","1.1",,,"0.25","1.2""6","0.7","0.9",,"2.5","0.4","0.7",,,"0.40","1.4",,,"0.2","0.9","1.2","2.7",,,"0.5","1.1",,"1","0.25","0.7",,"0.4","0.25","1.3""钢板网""六)钢板网规格和重量""品 种","规 格 (mm)",,,,,,"每张大约重量(kg)","生产单位","丝梗厚度 h","孔眼宽度 T","丝梗宽度 b","节 距 t","网面宽度 B","网面长度 L""小","0.5","9","1","25","1800","600","0.875","上海中国钢板网厂",,,,,"2000",,"0.875","0.6","9","1","25","1800","600","1.000",,,,,"2000",,"1.125","0.7","9","1","25","1800","600","1.125",,,,,"2000",,"1.250""网","0.75","9","1","25","1800","600","1.250",,,,,"2000",,"1.375","0.8","9","1","25","1800","600","1.375",,,,,"2000",,"1.500","1","9","1","25","1500","600","1.625",,,,,"1800",,"1.875",,,,,"2000",,"2.125""大","0.5","7","1.2","2.5","1800","2800","5.85","上海中国钢板网厂","1","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","11.70",,"9","1.2","25","1500","3000","7.95",,,,,"1800","3600","11.70",,"9","1.1","25","2000","4000","14.76",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","11.70",,,,,"2000","4000","14.60","1.2","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","14.04",,"9","1.2","25","1800","3600","14.04",,,"1.1","25","2000","4000","17.71",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","14.04""网",,,,,"2000","4000","17.71","1.5","11","1.6","40","1800","3600","17.55",,"17","2.3","65","2000","4000","22.14","2","17","2.3","65","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"22","3.0","75","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"27","3.8","100","2000","4000","29.52","3","36","4.6","115","2000","4000","44.28",,"45","6.1","150""钢丝纱""七)钢丝纱(窗纱)规格和重量""规 格","面 积(m2/卷)","重 量",,"(kg/卷)","(kg/m2)""14目3x100","27.87","12.5","0.448""14目4x100","37.16","16.6","0.448""16目3x100",27.87,13.5,"0.484""16目4x100",37.16,"18.0","0.484""紫铜丝布""(八)紫铜丝布(紫铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","22","2.691",,"30","30","2.5116",,"65","36","1.9734""10","24","2.691",,"35","31","1.9734",,"70","36","1.9734""12","24","3.0498",,"40","32","1.9734",,"75","37","1.9734""16","26","2.1528",,"45","33","1.9734",,"80","37","1.9734""20","27","2.1528",,"50","34","1.9734",,"100","39","1.7940""24","30","2.1528",,"55","35","1.9734""28","30","2.3322",,"60","35","1.7940""黄铜丝布""(九)黄铜丝布(黄铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","24","1.5787",,"24","34","0.8611",,"50","38","0.6458""10","26","1.2375",,"26","34","0.8252",,"60","41","0.3947""12","27","1.2558",,"28","36","0.5386",,"70","42","0.3347""14","27","1.3276",,"30","36","0.5741",,"80","43","0.3767""16","32","0.6100",,"32","36","0.6100",,"90","43","0.4306""18","33","0.6100",,"34","36","0.6279",,"100","43","0.5023""20","33","0.7176",,"36","36","0.7176",,"110","44","0.3347""22","33","0.8611",,"40","36","0.4844",,"120","44","0.4485""铝及铝合金直角角型材""1,铝及铝合金直角角型材(XC111)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b"1,"12","1","0.234","0.065",,"25","25","1.3","0.734","0.204",,"49","38.3","5","3.590","0.998"2,"12","2","0.440","0.122",,"26","25","1.6","0.777","0.216",,"50","38.3","6.3","4.444","1.235"3,"12.5","1.6","0.377","0.105",,"27","25","2","0.964","0.268",,"51","40","2","1.564","0.435"4,"15","1","0.294","0.082",,"28","25","2.5","1.189","0.331",,"52","40","2.5","1.944","0.540"5,"15","1.2","0.353","0.098",,"29","25","3","1.410","0.392",,"53","40","3","2.320","0.645"6,"15","1.5","0.434","0.121",,"30","25","3.2","1.509","0.429",,"54","40","3.5","2.671","0.743"7,"15","2","0.564","0.157",,"31","25","3.5","1.641","0.456",,"55","40","3.5","2.694","0.749"8,"15","3","0.820","0.223",,"32","25","4","1.857","0.516",,"56","40","4","3.057","0.850"9,"16","1.6","0.429","0.119",,"33","25","5","2.242","0.623",,"57","40","5","3.750","1.043"10,"16","2.4","0.726","0.202",,"34","27","2","1.041","0.289",,"58","45","4","3.475","0.961"11,"18","1.5","0.524","0.146",,"35","27","2","1.090","0.303",,"59","45","5","4.277","1.189"12,"18","2","0.684","0.190",,"36","30","1.5","0.884","0.246",,"60","50","3","2.920","0.812"13,"19","1.6","0.585","0.163",,"37","30","2","1.164","0.324",,"61","50","4","3.857","1.072"14,"19","2.4","0.861","0.239",,"38","30","2.5","1.438","0.400",,"62","50","5","4.777","1.328"15,"19","3.2","1.125","0.313",,"39","30","3","1.720","0.478",,"63","50","6","5.655","1.572"16,"20","1","0.397","0.110",,"40","30","4","2.240","0.623",,"64","50","6.5","6.110","1.699"17,"20","1.2","0.473","0.131",,"41","32","2.4","1.491","0.415",,"65","50","12","10.600","2.947"18,"20","1.5","0.584","0.162",,"42","32","3.2","1.957","0.554",,"66","60","5","5.777","1.606"19,"20","2","0.764","0.212",,"43","32","3.5","2.131","0.592",,"67","60","6","6.855","1.906"20,"20","3","1.140","0.137",,"44","32","6.5","3.723","1.036",,"68","75","7","10.010","2.783"21,"20","4","1.475","0.410",,"45","35","3","2.005","0.557",,"69","75","8","11.360","3.158"22,"20.5","1.6","0.633","0.176",,"46","35","4","2.657","0.739",,"70","75","10","14.000","3.892"23,"23","2","0.680","0.245",,"47","38","2.4","1.773","0.498",,"71","90","5","8.750","2.433"24,"25","1.2","0.597","0.166",,"48","38.3","3.5","2.562","0.712",,"72","90","8","13.760","3.825""注 (1)铝及铝合金型材的尺寸,规格等摘自冶金工业部1970年颁发的《铝及铝镁合金挤压型材》."" (2)表内理论重量均按LY12合金比重(2.78)进行计算,其他材料的比重及换算系数如下:L1~L7(2.71)-0.975;"" LF2(2.68)-0.964;LF11(2.65)-0.953;LF21(2.73)-0.982;LD2(2.70)-0.971;"" LY11(2.80)-1.007;LY12(2.78)-1.000."" (3)铝型材主要生产单位有哈尔滨和西北铝加工厂等.西北铝加工厂的产品断面为100~400cm2,宽度小于530mm."" (4)铝及铝合金型材规格的表示方法是型材类别组号加序号,如XC111-4,其中,XC表示型材,后面的数字依次为"" 类别,组号,连字符后的数字为顺序号.""铝及铝合金直丁字型材""2,铝及铝合金直丁字型材(XC211)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"15","25","1","0.405","0.113",,"34","32","45","3","2.259","0.628"2,"19","50","2","1.378","0.383",,"35","32","48","2.4","1.874","0.521"3,"20","20","2","0.760","0.211",,"36","32","50","3","2.423","0.674"4,"20","30","1.5","0.740","0.206",,"37","35","32","1.5","1.000","0.278"5,"20","35","2","1.060","0.295",,"38","35","35","4","2.713","0.754"6,"20","37","2","1.117","0.311",,"39","35","40","2","1.468","0.408"7,"20","42","2","1.200","0.334",,"40","37","42","2","1.500","0.417"8,"20","42","2","1.240","0.345",,"41","38","44","5","3.910","1.087"9,"20","45","2","1.860","0.517",,"42","38","50","3.5","3.026","0.841"10,"20","90","2","2.160","0.600",,"43","38","50","4.8","3.990","1.109"11,"21","53","1.8","1.300","0.361",,"44","39","75","5","5.510","1.532"12,"22","48","1.4","1.960","0.267",,"45","40","36","5","3.350","0.933"13,"25","29","1.6","0.847","0.25",,"46","40","45","3","2.479","0.689"14,"25","35","1.5","0.890","0.247",,"47","40","45","4","3.274","0.910"15,"25","38","2.5","1.510","0.420",,"48","40","68","3","3.300","0.917"16,"25","40","2","1.280","0.356",,"49","40","130","6","9.840","2.736"17,"25","45","2.5","1.726","0.480",,"50","42","64","4","4.100","1.140"18,"25","45","3","2.019","0.561",,"51","45","40","2.2","1.860","0.517"19,"25","45","4","2.708","0.753",,"52","50","70","4","4.640","1.300"20,"25","48","1.4","1.012","0.288",,"53","51","51","2.4","2.443","0.679"21,"25","48","1.5","1.082","0.301",,"54","54","50","3","3.040","0.845"22,"25","50","2","1.499","0.417",,"55","54","68","3","3.608","1.003"23,"25","50","2.5","1.851","0.515",,"56","64","50","5","5.781","1.607"24,"26","38","2.5","1.554","0.432",,"57","63","50","2","2.320","0.645"25,"27","70","2","1.920","0.534",,"58","70","37","2","2.100","0.584"26,"29","38","1.6","1.055","0.293",,"59","70","55","2","2.460","0.684"27,"29","58","2.5","2.180","0.606",,"60","74","66","6","8.080","2.246"28,"29","58","3.5","2.991","0.831",,"61","75","40","3","3.400","0.945"29,"30","40","1.5","1.040","0.289",,"62","80","50","2","2.560","0.712"30,"30","40","2","1.370","0.381",,"63","80","60","3","4.110","1.143"31,"30","45","3","2.150","0.597",,"64","83","50","3","3.953","1.099"32,"30","56","4","3.280","0.912",,"65","90","77","10","15.700","4.365"33,"30","68","6.5","6.100","1.696""热轧铜板""1,热轧铜板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽 度 (mm)",,,,,,,,"理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)","600~900","1000~1200","1300~1500","1600~1800","1900~2200","2300~2500","2600~2800","2900~3000","最 大 长 度 (mm)""5.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"44.50""5.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"48.95""6.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"53.40""6.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"57.85""7.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"62.30""7.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"66.75""8.0","4000","5000","6000","5500","4800","4200","3700","3500","71.20""9.0","4000","5000","6000","5000","4200","3700","3300","3100","80.10""10.0","4000","5000","5500","4500","3800","3300","3000","3000","89.0""11.0","4000","5000","5000","4000","3400","3300","2800",,"97.9""12.0","4000","5000","4500","3800","3100","2800",,,"106.8""13.0","4000","5000","4000","3600","2900",,,,"115.7""14.0","4000","4500","3800","3300","2700",,,,"124.6""15.0","4500","4300","3600","3100","2500",,,,"133.5""16.0","4500","4300","3400","2000","2400",,,,"142.4""17.0","4500","4000","3200","2700","2200",,,,"151.3""18.0","4500","3900","3000","2600",,,,,"160.2""19.0","4500","3700","2800","2400",,,,,"169.1""20.0","4500","3500","2600","2300",,,,,"178.0""21.0","4000","3300","2500","2200",,,,,"186.9""22.0","4000","3000","2400","2100",,,,,"195.8""23.0","4000","3000","2400","2000",,,,,"204.7""24.0","3500","2800","2200","1900",,,,,"213.6""25.0","3500","2800","2000","1800",,,,,"222.5""注 热轧板的宽度按100mm进级.""铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材(XC511)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积 (mm2)","理论重量 (kg/m)","H","B","b"1,"23","38","1.2","1.178","0.327"2,"26","34.5","3.5","3.157","0.875"3,"57","48","8","11.000","3.058"4,"68","38","2.5","3.509","0.976"5,"86","60","6","11.600","3.225""铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材(XC411)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"12.7","15.9","1.6","0.688","0.191",,11,"38","25","3","2.613","0.726"2,"20","15","1.2","0.578","0.163",,12,"44","25","4","3.690","1.001"3,"20","15","1.5","0.721","0.200",,13,"50","19","2.5","2.102","0.584"4,"25","18","1.5","0.885","0.246",,14,"80","30","3","4.020","1.118"5,"25","23","3.5","2.267","0.630",,15,"80","35","4","5.680","1.579"6,"31","25","2.5","1.900","0.528",,16,"80","40","4","6.080","1.690"7,"32","14","1.9","1.000","0.303",,17,"100","30","3","4.620","1.284"8,"34","25","3.5","2.764","0.768",,18,"100","35","4","6.480","1.801"9,"36","26","2.5","2.075","0.577",,19,"100","40","4","6.880","1.913"10,"36","31.5","3.2","2.960","0.823""铝及铝合金槽形型材""3,铝及铝合金槽形型材(XC311)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"13","13","1.6","0.561","0.156",,"31","45","40","3","3.638","1.011"2,"13","34","3.5","2.579","0.717",,"32","46","25","5","4.300","1.195"3,"20","15","1.3","0.620","0.172",,"33","50","20","4","5.331","0.926"4,"21","28","4","2.868","0.797",,"34","50","30","2","2.120","0.589"5,"25","13","2.4","1.134","0.315",,"35","50","30","4","4.131","1.148"6,"25","15","1.5","0.795","0.221",,"36","55","25","5","4.819","1.340"7,"25","18","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"37","55","30","3","3.299","0.917"8,"25","18","2","1.140","0.317",,"38","60","25","4","4.131","1.148"9,"25","20","2.5","1.520","0.423",,"39","60","35","5","6.000","1.668"10,"25","20","4","2.280","0.634",,"40","60","40","4","4.480","1.245"11,"25","25","5","3.250","0.904",,"41","63","38.3","4.8","6.275","1.744"12,"30","15","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"42","64","38","4","5.300","1.473"13,"30","18","1.5","0.960","0.267",,"43","70","25","3","3.449","0.959"14,"30","20","2","1.335","0.371",,"44","70","25","5","5.500","1.529"15,"30","22","6","3.870","1.076",,"45","70","26","3.2","3.700","1.028"16,"32","25","1.8","1.437","0.399",,"46","70","30","4","4.931","1.371"17,"32","25","2.5","1.925","0.535",,"47","70","40","5","7.080","1.968"18,"35","20","2.5","1.770","0.492",,"48","75","45","5","7.831","2.177"19,"35","30","2","1.833","0.510",,"49","80","30","4.5","6.010","1.671"20,"38","50","5","6.560","1.824",,"50","80","35","4.5","6.414","1.783"21,"40","18","2","1.453","0.404",,"51","80","35","6","8.280","2.302"22,"40","18","2.5","1.795","0.499",,"52","80","40","4","6.131","1.704"23,"40","18","3","2.129","0.592",,"53","80","40","6","8.900","2.474"24,"40","21","4","2.960","0.823",,"54","80","60","4","7.480","2.079"25,"40","25","2","1.730","0.481",,"55","90","50","6","10.680","2.969"26,"40","25","3","2.549","0.709",,"56","100","40","6","10.080","2.802"27,"40","30","3.5","3.250","0.904",,"57","100","48","6.3","11.550","3.211"28,"40","32","3","2.978","0.828",,"58","100","50","5","9.580","2.663"29,"40","50","4","5.280","1.468",,"59","128","40","9","17.100","4.754"30,"45","20","3","2.370","0.659""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管1""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","0.25","0.30","0.40","0.50","0.60","0.80","1.0","1.2",1.4,"1.5",1.6,1.8,"2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""50",,,,,,,"1.21","1.44","1.68","1.79","1.91","2.14","2.37","2.59","2.93","3.25","3.48","3.70","4.01","4.54","5.05","5.55""(51)",,,,,,,"1.23","1.47","1.71","1.83","1.96","2.18","2.42","2.64","2.99","3.32","3.55","3.79","4.10","4.64","5.16","5.67""53",,,,,,,"1.28","1.53","1.78","1.91","2.03","2.27","2.52","2.76","3.11","3.46","3.70","3.94","4.27","4.83","5.38","5.92""(54)",,,,,,,"1.31","1.59","1.82","1.94","2.07","2.31","2.56","2.81","3.18","3.53","3.77","4.02","4.36","4.93","5.49","6.04""56",,,,,,,"1.36","1.62","1.89","2.02","2.15","2.40","2.66","2.92","3.30","3.66","3.92","4.17","4.53","5.13","5.71","6.29""(57)",,,,,,,"1.38","1.65","1.92","2.05","2.18","2.45","2.71","2.97","3.36","3.74","4.00","4.25","4.62","5.23","5.83","6.41""60",,,,,,,"1.46","1.74","2.02","2.16","2.31","2.58","2.86","3.13","3.55","3.94","4.22","4.49","4.88","5.52","6.16","6.78""63",,,,,,,"1.53","1.83","2.13","2.27","2.42","2.71","3.01","3.30","3.72","4.15","4.44","4.73","5.13","5.81","6.49","7.14""65",,,,,,,"1.58","1.89","2.20","2.35","2.50","2.80","3.11","3.40","3.85","4.29","4.59","4.89","5.31","6.02","6.71","7.40""(68)",,,,,,,"1.65","1.98","2.36","2.46","2.62","2.93","3.26","3.57","4.04","4.49","4.81","5.12","5.57","6.31","7.05","7.77""70",,,,,,,"1.70","2.03","2.37","2.53","2.70","3.02","3.35","3.68","4.16","4.36","4.96","5.23","5.74","6.51","7.27","8.01""(73)",,,,,,,"1.78","2.12","2.47","2.64","2.82","3.16","3.50","3.84","4.35","4.84","5.18","5.52","6.00","6.81","7.60","8.38""75",,,,,,,"1.82","2.18","2.54","2.71","2.90","3.24","3.60","3.95","4.46","4.97","5.32","5.68","6.17","7.00","7.82","8.62""(76)",,,,,,,"1.85","2.21","2.57","2.76","2.94","3.29","3.65","4.00","4.53","5.05","5.40","5.75","6.26","7.10","7.93","8.75""80",,,,,,,,,"2.71","2.90","3.09","3.47","3.84","4.22","4.77","5.32","5.69","6.07","6.60","7.49","8.37","9.24""(83)",,,,,,,,,"2.82","3.02","3.21","3.60","4.00","4.37","4.96","5.52","5.92","6.31","6.86","7.79","8.71","9.62""85",,,,,,,,,"2.88","3.08","3.29","3.69","4.09","4.48","5.08","5.66","6.06","6.46","7.04","7.98","8.93","9.83""(89)",,,,,,,,,"3.02","3.24","3.45","3.86","4.29","4.70","5.33","5.94","6.36","6.77","7.38","8.38","9.38","10.33""90",,,,,,,,,"3.05","3.27","3.49","3.91","4.34","4.76","5.39","6.01","6.43","6.86","7.47","8.47","9.49","10.47""95",,,,,,,,,"3.21","3.46","3.68","4.13","4.59","5.02","5.70","6.36","6.81","7.26","7.90","8.98","10.04","11.10"100,,,,,,,,,"3.40","3.64","3.88","4.35","4.83","5.30","6.00","6.70","7.17","7.65","8.32","9.46","10.59","11.70""(102)",,,,,,,,,"3.46","3.73","3.97","4.45","4.93","5.40","6.13","6.84","7.32","7.81","8.50","9.67","10.82","11.96""(108)",,,,,,,,,"3.67","3.95","4.21","4.72","5.23","5.74","6.50","7.25","7.77","8.29","9.02","10.26","11.49","12.70"110,,,,,,,,,"3.74","4.03","4.28","4.81","5.32","5.84","6.62","7.39","7.92","8.43","9.19","10.46","11.70","12.93"120,,,,,,,,,,"4.36","4.66","5.25","5.83","6.38","7.24","8.07","8.66","9.22","10.06","11.44","12.93","14.30"125,,,,,,,,,,,,"5.46","6.06","6.64","7.54","8.42","9.02","9.61","10.50","11.91","13.37","14.80"130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"7.86","8.78","9.40","10.00","10.92","12.43","13.92","15.48""(133)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"8.05","8.98","9.59","10.25","11.18","12.75","14.26","15.75"140,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.11","10.79","11.80","13.42","15.05","16.65"150,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.85","11.52","12.65","14.39","16.11","17.85"160,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"13.53","15.38","17.25","19.09"170,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"14.31","16.31","18.35","20.30"180,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"15.20","17.30","19.50","21.59"190,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"18.29","20.60","22.80"200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"19.67","21.65","24.00""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管2""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","5.5","6.0","6.5","7.0","7.5","8.0","8.5","9","9.5","10",11,12,"钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""5""6""7""8""9""10","0.518","0.536","0.561""11","0.592","0.615","0.647""12","0.666","0.694","0.734","0.789""(13)","0.740","0.774","0.820","0.888""14","0.814","0.852","0.906","0.986""(15)","0.888","0.932","0.993","1.09","1.17","1.23""16","0.962","1.10","1.08","1.18","1.28","1.35""(17)","1.04","1.09","1.17","1.28","1.39","1.48""18","1.11","1.17","1.25","1.38","1.50","1.60""(19)","1.18","1.25","1.34","1.48","1.61","1.73","1.54","1.92""20","1.26","1.33","1.42","1.58","1.72","1.85","1.97","2.07""(21)","1.33","1.41","1.51","1.68","1.83","1.97","2.10","2.22""22","1.41","1.49","1.60","1.77","1.94","2.10","2.24","2.37""(23)","1.48","1.57","1.68","1.87","2.05","2.22","2.37","2.52""(24)","1.55","1.64","1.77","1.97","2.16","2.34","2.51","2.66","2.81","2.93""25","1.63","1.72","1.86","2.07","2.28","2.47","2.64","2.81","2.97","3.11""(27)","1.78","1.88","2.03","2.27","2.50","2.71","2.92","3.11","3.29","3.45""28","1.85","1.96","2.11","2.37","2.61","2.84","3.05","3.26","3.45","3.68""29","1.92","2.02","2.20","2.47","2.72","2.96","3.19","3.40","3.60","3.80","3.98""30","2.00","2.12","2.29","2.56","2.83","3.08","3.32","3.55","3.77","3.97","4.16","4.34""32","2.15","1.28","2.46","2.76","3.05","3.33","3.59","3.85","4.09","4.32","4.53","4.74""34","2.29","2.43","2.63","2.96","3.27","3.58","3.87","4.14","4.41","4.66","4.90","5.13""(35)","2.37","2.51","2.72","3.06","3.38","3.70","4.00","4.29","4.57","4.83","5.09","5.33""36","2.44","2.59","2.81","3.16","3.50","3.82","4.14","4.44","4.73","5.01","5.27","5.52""38","2.59","2.75","2.98","3.35","3.72","4.07","4.41","4.74","5.05","5.35","5.64","5.92","6.18","6.44""40","2.74","2.91","3.15","3.55","3.94","4.32","4.68","5.03","5.37","5.70","6.01","6.31","6.60","6.88""42","2.89","3.07","3.32","3.75","4.16","4.56","4.95","5.33","5.69","6.04","6.38","6.71","7.02","7.32""44.5","3.07","3.25","3.54","4.00","4.44","4.87","5.29","5.70","6.09","6.47","6.84","7.20","7.55","7.88""45","3.11","3.31","3.58","4.04","4.49","4.93","5.36","5.77","6.17","6.56","6.94","7.30","7.65","7.99","8.32","8.63""48","3.33","3.54","3.84","4.34","4.83","5.30","5.76","6.21","6.65","7.08","7.49","7.89","8.28","8.66","9.03","9.57""水,煤气输送钢管""1,水,煤气输送钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)234-63]""公称内径",,"钢 管 螺 纹",,"外径 (mm)","普通管",,"加厚管""mm","(in.)",,"壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)","壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)""6","1/8''","10","2","0.89","2.50","0.46""8","1/4''","13.5","2.25","0.62","2.75","0.73""10","3/8''","17","2.25","0.82","2.75","0.97""15","1/2''","21.25","2.75","1.25","3.25","1.44""20","3/4''","26.75","2.75","1.63","3.5","2.01""25","1''","33.5","3.25","2.42","4","2.91""32","1 1''/4","42.25","3.25","3.13","4","3.77""40","1 1''/2","48","3.5","3.84","4.25","4.58""50","2''","60","3.5","4.88","4.5","6.16""70","2 1''/2","75.5","3.75","6.64","4.5","7.88""80","3''","88.5","4","8.34","4.75","9.81""100","4''","114","4","10.85","5","13.44""125","5''","140","4.5","15.04","5.5","18.24""150","6''","165","4.5","17.81","5.5","21.63""注(1)表列钢管是适用于输送水,煤气及采暖系统等用的钢管.分镀锌和不镀锌(黑管)两种;又分带螺纹和"" 不带螺纹两种;按壁厚可分为普通钢管,加厚钢管和薄壁钢管."" (2)钢管的长度规定为:无螺纹的黑管4~12m;带螺纹的黑管和镀锌管4~9m.每批允许有10%的(按根数计算)"" 2~4m长的短尺钢管或4~9m米长的接管(即用一个管接头将两根钢管连接而成)."" (3)经供需双方协议,可供应定尺长度或倍尺长度的钢管.其最大长度可到8m.按倍尺交货的钢管,每个单"" 倍尺应留切口5~10mm."" (4)钢管用易焊接的软钢制造,钢号和制造方法(炉焊或电焊)均由制造厂选择."" (5)钢管应能承受下列规定压力的水压试验:普通钢管和薄壁钢管:20kg/cm2;加厚钢管30kg/cm2.""电丝套管""2,电丝套管规格,重量表""名称","外径 (mm)","近似内径 (mm)","管壁厚度 (mm)","重量 (kg/m)","每吨长度 (m/t)""5/8''","15.9","12.3","1.8","0.626","1597.44""3/4''","19.1","15.5","1.8","0.627","1302.08""1''","25.4","21.8","1.8","0.628","954.20""1 1''/4","31.8","28.2","1.8","0.629","750.75""1 1''/2","38.1","34.5","1.8","0.630","620.73""电焊钢管""电焊钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)242-68]""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)",0.5,0.6,0.8,"1.0","1.2","1.4","1.5","1.6","1.8","2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","3.8","4.0",4.2,4.5,4.8,"5.0",5.5,"钢 管 的 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""(5)","0.055","0.065","0.083","0.099""(6)","0.068","0.080","0.108","0.123""(7)","0.080","0.095","0.122","0.148""(8)","0.092","0.110","0.142","0.173","(0.202)""(9)","0.105","0.125","0.162","0.197","0.231""10","0.117","0.139","0.182","0.222","(0.261)""(11)","0.129","0.154","0.201","0.247","0.290""12","0.142","0.169","0.221","0.271","0.320","0.365","(0.388)","0.411""(13)",,"0.184","0.241","0.296","0.349","0.400","0.425","0.451""(14)",,"0.199","0.260","0.321","0.379","0.434","0.462","0.490""15",,"0.214","0.280","0.345","0.409","0.468","(0.499)","0.529""16",,"0.228","0.300","0.370","0.438","0.503","(0.536)","0.568""(17)",,"0.244","0.320","0.395","0.468","0.537","0.573","0.608""18",,"0.258","0.340","0.419","0.497","0..572","(0.610)","0.647","(0.717)","(0.789)""(19)",,"0.274","0.359","0.444","0.527","0

冷轧：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在20-40吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。内径为610mm。　　　　产品特点：因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。　　　　简单来说，冷轧，是在热轧板卷的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧---酸洗---冷轧这样的加工过程。　　　　冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。由于热轧经过连续冷变型而成的冷轧，在机械性能比较差，硬度太高。必须经过退火才能恢复其机械性能，没有退火的叫轧硬卷。轧硬卷一般是用来做无需折弯，拉伸的产品，1.0以下厚度轧硬的运气好的两边或者四边折弯。　　　　冷轧一般都会经过退火处理。

不锈钢厚度测量/不锈钢厚度 不锈钢管是一种中空的长条钢材，大量用作输送流体的管道，如石油、天燃气、水、煤气、蒸气等，另外，在搞弯、抗扭强度相同时，重量较轻，所以也广泛用于制造机械零件和工程结构。也常用作生产各种常规武器。分类：钢管分无缝钢管和焊接钢管（有缝管）两大类。按断面形状又可分为圆管和异形管，广泛应用的是圆形钢管，但也有一些方形、矩形、半圆形、六角形、等边三角形、八角形等异形钢管。 对于承受流体压力的钢管都要进行液压试验来检验其耐压能力和质量，在规定的压力下不发生泄漏、浸湿或膨胀为合格，有些钢管还要根据标准或需方要求进行卷边试验、扩口试验、压扁试验等的分类：钢管分无缝钢管和焊接钢管（有缝管）两大类。按断面形状又可分为圆管和异形管，广泛应用的是圆形钢管，但也有一些方形、矩形、半圆形、六角形、等边三角形、八角形等异形钢管。 对于承受流体压力的钢管都要进行液压试验来检验其耐压能力和质量，在规定的压力下不发生泄漏、浸湿或膨胀为合格，有些钢管还要根据标准或需方要求进行卷边试验、扩口试验、压扁试验等。 无缝不锈钢管也称不锈钢无缝管,是用钢锭或实心管坯经穿孔制成毛管，然后经热轧、冷轧或冷拨制成。无缝钢管的规格用外径*壁厚毫米数表示。 不锈钢管的厚度公差为+0.01mm,-0.02mm。合同中未注明的以此标准执行！ 不锈钢厚度 也就是按支结算的，价格按照合同厚度计算，生产按照国家标准执行！ 如果合同中注明了实际厚度，在计算重量和价格时，厚度按照+0.02mm计算。 不锈钢板的尺寸规格 通用尺寸：1000*2000、1219*2438、1500*6000、1800*6000 普通定尺：1000*定尺、1219*定尺、1500*定尺、1800*定尺 任意定尺（一般价格会较高） 以上单位均为mm

镀锌的镀层厚度（coating thickness），是指钢铁表面上锌和(或)锌合金镀层的总厚度，以km表示。镀锌的镀层局部厚度（local coating thickness），在某一基本测量面按规定次数用磁性法所测得的镀层厚度的算术平均值或用称量法进行一次测量所测得的镀层镀覆量的厚度换算值。镀锌的镀层平均厚度（mean coating thickness ），对某一大件或某一批镀锌件抽样后测得镀层局部厚度的算术平均值。镀锌是指在装有镀件、玻璃球、锌粉、水和促进剂的旋转滚桶内，作为冲击介质的玻璃球随着滚桶转动，与镀件表面发生摩擦和锤击产生机械物理能量，在化学促进剂的作用下，将镀涂的锌粉“冷焊”到镀件表面上，形成光滑、均匀和细致的具有一定厚度的镀层。我们通常用镀锌量来表示镀锌钢材的镀锌厚度，一个普遍采用的有效方法，镀锌量的单位为g/m2。镀锌镀层厚度的作用和影响：镀锌镀层的厚度决定了镀件的防腐蚀性能。可以选择高于或低于标准的锌镀层厚度。对于表面光滑的3mm以下薄钢板，工业生产中得到较厚的镀层是困难的，另外，与钢材厚度不相称的锌镀层厚度会影响镀层与基材的结合力以及镀层外观质量。过厚的镀层会造成镀层外观粗糙，易剥落，镀件经不起搬运和安装过程中的碰撞。

冷轧薄钢板，简称冷轧钢板、冷轧薄板、冷轧板、冷板等。它还包括不锈钢板、弹簧钢板、硬钢片、镀锌板、镀锡板、镀铝板等。冷轧薄钢带，简称冷轧钢带、冷轧带钢、钢带、带钢、薄钢带、冷轧卷等。还包括不锈钢带、镀锌钢带、镀锡钢带等。 冷轧钢板标准 冷轧薄钢板、钢带（以下简称冷轧薄板）主要用于零件的冲压加工，而冷轧薄板的力学性能十分重要，它直接关系到板材的冲压性能。冷轧薄板是以不同的热处理状态分级的，不同硬度的材料，用于不同的加工方法，国家标准GB/T 13237-1991《优质碳素结构钢冷轧薄钢板和钢带》将冷轧薄板大致分为三级，P级用于普通冲压，S级用于深度冲压，Z级用于最深度冲压。中国冶金标准YB/T 5059-1993《低碳钢冷轧钢带》将薄钢板按硬度分为五级，即：TR（特级）、R（软）、BR（半软）、DY（低硬）和Y（冷硬）。其实通过一定的冷轧变形程度和冷轧后热处理的恰当配合，可以在广泛的范围内满足用户关于材料力学性能方面的要求。冷轧薄板根据用户加工上的要求可以分成更多的级别。例如：日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》的分类除分为一般用（spcc）、冲压用(spcd)和深冲压用（spce）三类外，还细分为退火、标准调质、1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬、全硬等级别。 在冷轧薄板力学性能的检测方面，一些标准只规定了拉伸试验，另一些标准除拉伸试验外还规定了硬度试验。 中国标准GB/T 13237-1991就只规定了拉伸试验，技术要求冷轧钢板标准如表一所示：牌号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率不小于拉延级别Z－S和PZSP08F275～365275～38034323008,08Al,10F275～390275～41032302810295～410295～43030392815F315～430315～45029282715335～450335～47027262520355～490335～50026252425——390～540——242330——440～590——222135——490～635——201940——510～650————1845——530～680————1650——540～715————14 日本标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》（该标准中包含了冷轧薄钢板和钢带）规定了拉伸试验，也规定了硬度试验，该标准的力学性能要求如下：表二：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的拉伸试验质牌号抗拉强度/MPa 不小于 伸长率/%不小于试样按以下公称厚度/mm>=0.250.250.400.601.01.6>=2.5SPCC SPCD SPCE(270) 270 270(32) 34 36(34) 36 3836 38 40　 37 39 41 　　 (38) 40 42 　39 41 435号试样轧制方向 表三：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的硬度值。调质区分符号 硬度最大HRBHV退火A57105标准调质S65115 注：厚度小于0.6mm的钢板和钢带，原则上不进行拉伸试验。 表四：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬材料的拉伸试验值。调质区分 符号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率/%最小试样1/8硬8294～410255号试样轧制方向1/4硬4370～490101/2硬2440～590——硬1>=550——     表五：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬状态的硬度值。调质区分符号HRBHV1/8硬 1/4硬8450～7165～8095～130 115～1501/2硬 硬2174～89 ≥85135～185 ≥170注：HRB和HV，仅选用其中之一。英国标准BS 1449/1.9-1991《厚板、薄板和钢带第一部分：碳素钢和碳锰钢厚板、薄板和钢带具有成形性能的冷轧窄钢带技术条件》对冷轧板分级为CS1（铝镇静稳定化超深冲）、CS2（超深冲）、CS3（深冲）、CS4（折边）、CS15（商品级）。这项标准的力学性能要求如表六所示： 表六：钢材交货时的力学性能轧制状态和级别退火（A）或平整冷轧（SP）状态硬度HV1)2)最大屈服强度Re1)/MPa最小抗拉强度Rm1)/MPa最小伸长率A1)/%最小弯心直径1)（180°弯曲）原始标距LO50mm80mmCS1A9514027038（36）0aSP10514027036（34）0aCS2A9514027036（34）0a SP10014027036（34）0aCS3A100（140）（280）（34）（32）0aSP110（140）（280）（34）（32）0aCS4A105（140）（280）——0aSP115（140）（280）——0a 注：1）窄钢带交货应符合，或者硬度和弯曲试验，或者拉伸和弯曲试验，但硬度和拉伸试验不应同时进行。     2）对于SP（平整冷轧）状态，与镀层精整（PL）或镜面光洁度（MF），或以“无拉伸痕”交货的钢材组合，最大硬度可以提高5个HV或抗拉强度可以提高20MPa。     3）牌号CS2、CS3和CS4的硬度值仅适用于沸腾钢。 如上所述冷轧薄板的力学性能可以通过拉伸试验来检测，也可以通过硬度试验来检测。由于硬度试验设备简单、易于掌握，试验效率高，并且金属硬度与强度之间有一定的对应关系，所以硬度检测是确定材料力学性能的更方便的方法。冷轧薄板的硬度检测可以用于冷轧板生产过程的质量控制，更适于生产冲压产品的厂家对原材料进行力学性能的复检。 日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996规定的硬度试验是洛氏硬度HRB和维氏硬度HV。维氏硬度试验可用于冷轧薄板，但洛氏硬度HRB却不适用于测试薄板材料。因为当板材厚度小于2mm时，测试HRB硬度可能会因为发生“测砧效应”而使测量的硬度值失准。对于薄板材料，可以测试表面洛氏硬度HRN或HRT，然后换算成HRB或HV硬度。冷轧钢板标准生产了一种便携式表面洛氏硬度计，它非常适合测试薄板和钢带材料，它可以在生产现场、销售现场或材料仓库快速进行冷轧薄板材料的洛氏硬度检测，完成一次测量仅需要10秒钟时间，检测的板材厚度范围为0.05-50mm。这种仪器可以用在冷轧薄板带的生产线上，对产品的热处理效果进行在线的质量控制。这种仪器更适用于冲压产品的生产厂家。可以用它对购入的板材硬度进行复检，可以携带它去钢材市场选购材料，也可以利用它对自己厂生产的冲压产品进行硬度检测。 这种仪器如果配上一个支承座，还可以放到办公桌上使用。可以对成批的成品或半成品工件做逐件检测。它的测试精度与台式洛氏硬度计相同。 目前冷轧薄带材料正在向超薄方向发展，据报道，上海宝钢已扎制出厚度为0.08mm的冷轧薄板带材。采用本所生产的PHR-1S型表面洛氏硬度计，配一个金刚点砧座，就可测试薄至0.05mm冷轧薄板带材料的硬度。 这种应用完全可以取代维氏硬度计，使冷轧薄板材料的力学性能检测实现快速、简便、经济。

冷轧镀锌板，是一种镀锌钢板。钢板按轧制分为热轧和冷轧两种。冷轧板是平板状的，矩形的，可直接轧制而成的。冷轧是在室温条件下将钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最小厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，大部份工厂如保定普瑞钢材冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和 市场 需求而决定。冷轧和热轧的区别： 1、冷轧成型钢允许截面出现局部屈曲，从而可以充分利用杆件屈曲后的承载力；而热轧型钢不允许截面发生局部屈曲。2、热轧型钢和冷轧型钢残余应力产生的原因不同，所以截面上的分布也有很大差异。冷弯薄壁型钢截面上的残余应力分布是弯曲型的，而热扎型钢或焊接型钢截面上残余应力分布是薄膜型。3、热轧型钢的自由扭转刚度比冷轧型钢高，所以热轧型钢的抗扭性能要优于冷轧型钢。冷轧的优缺点：优点：成型速度快、 产量 高，且不损伤涂层，可以做成多种多样的截面形式，以适应使用条件的需要；冷轧可以使钢材产生很大的塑性变形，从而提高了钢材的屈服点。缺点: 1.虽然成型过程中没有经过热态塑性压缩，但截面内仍然存在残余应力，对钢材整体和局部屈曲的特性必然产生影响；2.冷轧型钢样式一般为开口截面，使得截面的自由扭转刚度较低。在受弯时容易出现扭转，受压时容易出现弯扭屈曲，抗扭性能较差；3.冷轧成型钢壁厚较小，在板件衔接的转角处又没有加厚，承受局部性的集中荷载的能力弱。冷轧镀锌板用于汽车、冰箱、洗衣机等家电，以及 产业 设备、各种建筑材料。

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板。冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，冷轧钢板的密度不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。冷轧钢板的密度：热轧钢板含碳量可比冷轧钢板略高些。在成份相持不大的情况下密度是一样的。但如果成份相差悬殊，如不锈钢不论冷轧、热轧密度都在7.9g/cm3左右。具体还要看成份，热轧只是延展性更好，钢材同样受到压力作用

主要有铜皮厚度35um；50um；70um转载：PCB设计时铜箔厚度,走线宽度和电流的关系不同厚度不同宽度的铜箔的载流量见下表:铜皮厚度35um 铜皮厚度50um 铜皮厚度70um铜皮t=10 铜皮t=10 铜皮t=10电流A宽度mm 电流A宽度mm 电流A宽度mm6.00 2.50 5.10 2.50 4.50 2.505.10 2.00 4.30 2.00 4.00 2.004.20 1.50 3.50 1.50 3.20 1.503.60 1.20 3.00 1.20 2.70 1.203.20 1.00 2.60 1.00 2.30 1.002.80 0.80 2.40 0.80 2.00 0.802.30 0.60 1.90 0.60 1.60 0.602.00 0.50 1.70 0.50 1.35 0.501.70 0.40 1.35 0.40 1.10 0.401.30 0.30 1.10 0.30 0.80 0.300.90 0.20 0.70 0.20 0.55 0.200.70 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.20 0.15注1 用铜皮作导线通过大电流时铜箔宽度的载流量应参考表中的数值降额50%去选择考虑再看看摘自<<电子电路抗干扰实用技术>>(国防工业出版社, 毛楠孙瑛96.1第一版)的经验公式,“由于敷铜板铜箔厚度有限,在需要流过较大电流的条状铜箔中,应考虑铜箔的载流量问题. 仍以典型的0.03mm 厚度的为例,如果将铜箔作为宽为W(mm),长度为L(mm)的条状导线, 其电阻为0.0005*L/W 欧姆. 另外,铜箔的载流量还与印刷电路板上安装的元件种类,数量以及散热条件有关. 在考虑到安全的情况下, 一般可按经验公式0.15*W(A)来计算铜箔的载流量.Ps -ef|grep wczPs -e|grep allegro150um没见过，要么是双层以上的PCB夹在中间的供电用，表面的多为嵌入的吧正常的制程下, 铜皮厚度有18um、35um、50um、70um ; 而超过70um以上的， 就属于特殊制程了， 对于厚铜板，当然主要还是靠的是电镀加镀镀铜， 铜厚度不够， 一直镀，直到镀到所要求厚度为止。而对于厚铜板，制作中有一个很大的技术缺陷， 就是在蚀刻和绿油制作时， 特别难加工， 因为铜厚， 蚀刻的侧蚀量也较大， 从而很难达到客户要求的线宽线隙要求；而铜较高， 绿油加工时， 无铜区就要重点加工， 而此时又极易会出现绿油分层的现象， 这也是一个控制的重点……

我们通常用镀锌量来表示镀锌钢材的镀锌层厚度，一个普遍采用的有效方法，镀锌量的单位为g/m2。镀锌层厚度有多种表示方法，例如镀层总厚度、镀层局部厚度、镀层平均厚度等等。镀锌层厚度（coating thickness），是指钢铁表面上锌和(或)锌合金镀层的总厚度，以km表示。镀锌层局部厚度（local coating thickness），在某一基本测量面按规定次数用磁性法所测得的镀层厚度的算术平均值或用称量法进行一次测量所测得的镀层镀覆量的厚度换算值。镀锌层平均厚度（mean coating thickness ），对某一大件或某一批镀锌件抽样后测得镀层局部厚度的算术平均值。镀锌是指在装有镀件、玻璃球、锌粉、水和促进剂的旋转滚桶内，作为冲击介质的玻璃球随着滚桶转动，与镀件表面发生摩擦和锤击产生机械物理能量，在化学促进剂的作用下，将镀涂的锌粉“冷焊”到镀件表面上，形成光滑、均匀和细致的具有一定厚度的镀层。镀锌层厚度直接决定了镀件的防腐蚀性能。可以选择高于或低于标准的锌镀层厚度。对于表面光滑的3mm以下薄钢板，工业生产中得到较厚的镀层是困难的，另外，与钢材厚度不相称的锌镀层厚度会影响镀层与基材的结合力以及镀层外观质量。过厚的镀层会造成镀层外观粗糙，易剥落，镀件经不起搬运和安装过程中的碰撞。

粉末涂料的厚度的技术。它简述了工作原理和相关行业的测试方法和标准。 一、概述 膜厚度测量应该是所有粉末涂布人员（图1）的常规工作。定期测量有助于控制材料成本，管理涂布的效率，并保持表面质量。粉末涂料制造商建议可使涂层达到较佳性能特点的目标薄膜厚度范围并且这些参数满足客户期望。 粉末膜厚固化前和固化后的膜厚可以利用几种不同的仪器进行测量。例如见图2.每个粉末涂覆操作应该知道什么设备是可用的，以及如何使用它。 二、测量膜厚的必要性 薄膜厚度可以说是在保护涂层的应用和检查过程中的一个较重要的测量。粉末涂层专用于由制造商指定的厚度范围进行涂覆实现其预期的功能。许多成品涂层的物体和外观性能会直接受到干膜厚度（DFT）的影响。DFT会影响涂层的颜色、光泽、表面轮廓、附着力、柔韧性、耐冲击性和硬度。如果膜厚不在容差范围内，涂布后的组装件的安装也会受其影响。 准确测量涂层厚度也有其他的好处。是否能满足国际标准化组织（ISO）、产品质量或客户的要求进行过程控制，企业需要确认涂层质量避免为返工产品花冤枉钱。通过检查他们的应用设备，他们保证应用的涂层符合制造商的建议。 施涂者必须均匀地涂覆粉末涂料，并且要根据产品规格表的要求。施涂过大的DFT不仅浪费，而且会有不完全固化的可能的风险，并且会大大减少涂层系统的整体性能。高膜构造通常会导致粘结强度低。涂层容易从基材上剥离或破裂。定期检测可以减少内部返工和因加工缺陷而客户退货的数量。 三、符合标准 粉末涂层厚度的测量要根据测试是在粉末固化之前或之后来使用不同的测量方法。美国社会测试和材料协会（ASTM）具有一系列的描述这些技术的标准。 D 4138测试方法描述了用切片仪器测试坚固底材的破坏性测量方法。 D 7091操作规程描述了用磁性测厚仪和 涡流测厚仪测量金属底材的非破坏性测量方法。D6132测试方法描述了用超声波测厚仪 测量非金属底材的非破坏性测量方法。 D 7378标准描述了三种测量制备的预固化粉末涂层的厚度的方法来预估固化后的厚度。 四、膜厚度测量的概要 膜厚测量可以在固化和交联之前或之后进行。基底的类型、涂层的厚度范围、涂层的大小和形状及作业的经济能力决定使用的测量方法。 在未固化的粉末涂料，高度的测量可以用粉梳子和使用专用的粉末探头的电子测量仪进行测量。由于在固化过程粉末涂层的厚度会减少，所以要确定减少的因素来预测固化后的DFT。另外，超声波仪器测量未固化的粉末不用接触表面并且能自动预测粉末的固化厚度。 固化后，各种手持设备可在涂层部分上进行直接DFT测量。这些非破坏性的测厚仪器要根据底材的类型来选择是磁感应、还是电涡流或者是超声波原理。不太常见的方法包括微米测量，破坏性干膜方法如横切片，和重量（质量）的测量。 1、标准测量单位 在美国粉厚度测量中使用的正常标准单位是密耳;1.0密耳等于千分之一英寸（1/1000英寸）。如果制造商的指定厚度为2.0到5.0密耳，该粉末的较终固化厚度应为0.002英寸和0.005英寸之间。测量的公制单位被称为微米（微米）;25.4微米等于1.0密耳。 涂布器必须要均匀地施涂粉末涂料，并且要根据产品规格表。这提供了特定粉末规范的较大利益。大多数厚度检测规范适用于粉末的固化厚度，所以我们看到不同厚度的测量技术开始出现。 2、固化膜厚度测量 千分尺是用于检测DFT的原始仪器之一，并且仍然在今天被应用。它具有测量任何涂层/底材组合的优点，但是存在要求同时测量裸露基材厚度的缺点。必须进行两次测量：一次包含涂层，而另一次没有。两个读数，高度变化之间的差，是涂层厚度。 有两种破坏性的技术也可使用。一个是通过显微镜观察切割切断的截面中的包覆部分并测量膜厚度。另一种是通过固化的涂层使用缩放显微镜查看一个几何切口。当不能使用廉价的，无损的方法，或者当非破坏性结果需要确认时需要使用这方法。 较普遍的测量固化粉末厚度的方法就是使用电子DFT测量仪。它们是手持式、易于操作，并且成本相对较低。它们根据材料的类型选择磁感应、电涡流或超声波原理。 当零件是由钢制成的可使用机械计。其采用较久磁铁和一个校准弹簧。该装置测量将磁铁从涂覆钢表面拉出所需的力。磁拉断计是坚固耐用，操作简单，价格低廉，携带方便，并且通常不需要任何校准调整。它们在一些只需几个读数的生产场合是比较合适且经济的替代方法。 由于具有简单性、多功能性、准确性和具有保持记录功能的原因，电子DFT测量仪器对于大型和小型粉末操作都是非常热门的选择。他们使用磁感应原理测量钢底材，使用电涡流原理测量其他金属底材。有时会集两种原理于一台仪器中。测试的结果直接显示在易于读取的液晶显示屏（LCD）上。多种探头可选择用于测量不规则形状或准确测量非常薄或非常厚的涂层系统。 非金属底材测量如涂覆的塑料或木材要求使用超声波脉冲技术。这为之前行业无法以合理价格进行非破坏性质量控制提供一个可能。这种测量技术的一个好处是在一个多层涂层系统测量所述各个层的可能性。 3、预固化膜厚度测量。 到目前为止讨论的测量方法已经使用在部分固化后的粉末厚度。它也可以，甚至在某些情况下更可取的，在制备后立即测量涂层以预测固化后的粉末涂层的厚度。 如果涂层被不正当地施涂后，校正已经干燥或化学固化需要昂贵的额外的劳动时间，可能会导致膜的污染，并可能引入粘合性和涂层系统的完整性的问题。制备过程中测量膜厚度可确定涂布器是否需要立即校正或调节。 4、干粉末的测量。 虽然大多数粉末涂料规格规定了固化的目标厚度，这可以在较终固化和交联之前确定施涂的粉末是否符合厚度规格。 有很好的理由需要一个准确的固化DFT预测值，尤其是在移动线。取决于烘箱的长度，被固化的部分数量，以及固化过程所需的时间和固化后手动测量DFT值的时间，在操作者为做一些必要的修改而在应用过程中进行干预之前有一个相当充分的延迟时间。 如果发现涂层缺陷，相当大的涂覆部分不得不在一个修配环中重新加工，或者如果重新加工的成本太高，它们甚至可能不得不废弃。对于某些操作，对于满足现代加工程序的要求这些缺点是无法接受的。 在预固化、预凝胶状态时测量粉末确保正确的固化膜厚度。这样能够在固化前对应用系统进行设置和微调。反过来，这将减少废料的数量和过度喷雾情况。准确的预测能够避免剥离和再涂层，不然可能会导致附着力和涂层完整性问题。 ASTM D 7378标准描述了测量涂覆粉末涂层的三个程序： A.硬金属缺口（梳）计 B.带专用粉末探头的电子涂层测量仪器 C.非接触式超声波仪器 金属缺口计。这仪器通过手拖过涂覆的粉末手动地测量厚度。与湿膜测厚仪的工作原理类似，仪器确定的粉末高度值是在做有一个记号的、并且有粉末粘附在上面的较高编号的齿和没有留记号的、没有粉末粘附在上面的第二高的齿之间的高度。这些简单的工具便宜，但只能准确到几密尔。测量能够在一个合适的刚性底材进行，但记号将会在当粉末在固化过程中流动时没有被覆盖的粉末中标记。 电子测量仪。使用专用的粉末探头仪器能够测量涂覆的粉末厚度。内置在探头的微针穿透粉末涂层到底材上。然后将探头手动压在粉末层的表面实现厚度测量。这种方法仅适用于平坦的金属底材并且可能会在较终产品留下痕迹。 上述两种方法仅用于未固化的粉末涂层的高度测量。但如前所述，大部分厚度说明经常是指已固化的粉末厚度。由于粉末涂料通常在固化过程中在厚度减少高达50％，这两个步骤需要为每个特定的涂层粉末建立缩减因子来预测的固化膜厚度。减少因子的确定是通过在已经测量的未固化粉末高度的同一位置测量固化粉末涂层的厚度，然后测量前后两者相减获得。 非接触式超声波仪表。ASTM D 7378的方法C描述了一种相对新型的仪器，这种仪器已迅速成为干粉厚度测量一个流行的解决方案。它是一个超声波仪器能够非破坏性在未固化的粉末上测量来预测较终的DFT值，并且不会留下任何影响成品的痕迹。 这些仪器是手持式和电池供电的，对于大多数粉末是开箱即可用。他们的操作简单和电子设计的特点使得其能够被线路操作者快速且有效地使用。 非接触是涂层厚度测量仪具有无损的决定性优势。这意味着，测量之后，测量的组件可以重新引入到正在进行的进程中。 五、膜厚度测量的准确度 这些仪器都是操作简单的，一个谨慎的用户应该定期验证他们的操作，尤其是当符合国际ISO标准规定程序。这三个步骤确保较佳的精度值。 1、校准 涂层测厚仪的校准通常是有设备制造商在受控环境中进行的一个文件化过程。校准证书显示可朔源到一个国家计量机构就可被发布。重新校准没有标准的时间间隔，也不是一个的要求，但可以在经验和工作环境的基础上建立一个标准的时间间隔。为期1年的校准间隔是许多仪器制造商提出了一个典型的频率。 2、验证 这是一个用户与已知的参考标准进行的准确检查。这个快速的检查能够确保仪器正常测量和用户正确操作它。对于许多测量仪，精度可以通过测量带有可追溯到国家计量机构的分配值的塑料垫片或环氧树脂涂层标准进行验证。 3、调整 调整，或校准调整，是校对测量仪的厚度读数以匹配已知的参考样品，为提高测量仪在其测量范围的特定部分内的一个特定的涂层的准确度的行为。此操作在粉末涂料工业很少需要的，因为在粉末涂层材料中的声学特性变化不大。 六、涂层质量控制 在当今竞争激烈的环境中，客户往往会选择具有坚实的质量控制系统的加工公司。通过在一个有记录和分析DFT结果的简单系统投资，粉末涂布者可以研究趋势，减少成本，并提供客户体现他们能够满足要求的参数的实力资料来留住客户。 一个质量保证（QA）程序是指开发一个简单的程序，要求在每一部分的相同位置进行一定数量的厚度测量。通过记录所有的数值，然后定期进行变化分析，并且采取必要的纠正措施。 通过笔和纸手动收集数据不仅耗时且容易出错，而且会对涂料项目增加显著成本。具有测量结果存储功能的测厚仪消除了这种风险。自动化采集读数的功能是保持成本在控制范围，减少人为错误的较好方法。在数字格式，数据可容易地存储，报告，和输出。

（二）电工用冷轧硅钢薄板（GB2521-88）  　　用含硅0.8％-4.8％的电工硅钢为材质，经冷轧而成。  　　冷轧硅钢片分晶粒无取向和晶粒取向两种钢带。冷轧电工钢带具有表面平整、厚度均匀、叠装系数高、冲片性好等特点，且比热轧电工钢带磁感高、铁损低。用冷带代替热轧带制造电机或变压器，其重量和体积可减少0％-25％。若用冷轧取向带，性能更佳，用它代替热轧带或低档次冷轧带，可减少变压器电能消耗量45％-50％，且变压器工作性能更可靠。  　　用于制造电机和变压器。通常，晶粒无取向冷轧带用作电机或焊接变压器等的状态；晶粒取向冷轧带用作电源变压器、脉冲变压器和磁放大器等的铁芯。  　　钢板规格尺寸：厚度为0.35、0.50、0.65mm，宽度为800-1000mm，长度为≤2.0m。

1.型材的挂料方法　　型材在上排时没有考虑主动喷的方位和喷的往复举动轨道，或许没有考虑型材的断面是否杂乱等状况。在进行喷涂时，喷无法全面、合格的对型材的装修面进行喷涂，构成装修面漆膜厚度的不均匀、不合格。在挂型材时，应依据型材的断面状况、型材的巨细，合理的挑选型材的悬挂方向和密度。　　2.挂具的导电状况　　因为挂具的长期运用，表面必定会被漆膜掩盖，在运用时挂具上的漆膜应选用打磨、击打、焚烧等方法去除去。假如未进行处理而运用，就会使型材与挂具之间接触不良，而导致型材与挂具间导电不良，构成型材不带电或部分带电。　　而由喷喷出的氟碳漆带有负电荷，型材上带有少数或不带正电荷，致使氟碳漆经过型材时，无法吸附、堆积到型材上。型材上没有堆集较多的氟碳漆，就会构成漆膜的厚度不合格乃至露底。　　3.氟碳漆带电量　　静电发生器经过喷口的电极针向工件方向开释高压静电（负极），该高压静电使从喷喷出的氟碳漆和压缩空气的混合物以及电极周围空气电离（带负电荷）。型材经过挂具经过输送链接地，构成正极。这样就在喷和工件之间构成一个电场，氟碳漆在电场力和压缩空气压力的两层推进作用下到达工件表面，依托静电吸附在工件表面构成一层均匀接连的涂层。　　氟碳漆的带电量多少影响着氟碳漆与型材间吸引力的巨细，决议了氟碳漆是否能在型材上集合必定的数量，决议了漆膜的厚度。　　在出产中，因为的喷的长期的运用，电极针会相应的磨损，在出产中应对喷进行整理和依据实际状况替换电极针。当电极针长度小于4mm或曲折，电阻大于17兆欧，静电的传递功率变差，需及时替换电极针。　　假如没有及时的替换电极针，会使喷前方构成的电场才能削弱，氟碳漆的带电量削减，氟碳漆与型材之间的吸引力减小，致使氟碳漆无法堆积、吸附到型材表面，构成膜厚的不合格。　　4.输送链跋涉速度与喷出漆量合作不适宜　　出产中，输送链的行走速度遭到固化时刻、固化温度等要素的影响。当输送链速度必守时，为了确保合格的漆膜厚度，就要恰当的调整喷的出漆量。将输送链的速度与喷出漆量调合作适也是操控膜厚的一大要素。　　为了使齿轮泵可以到达必定的出漆量，在出产中应坚持齿轮泵的作业杰出、以及泵体内部的清洁，以确保出漆量和出漆的安稳。所以在出产中应每次出产完毕后要对齿轮泵进行清洗。　　5.雾化气压和扇形气压的压力是否适宜　　雾化作用直接影响型材上氟碳漆的散布，然后影响型材的外观目视作用。雾化气压的巨细影响了氟碳漆的雾化程度，扇形气压的巨细影响着能被氟碳漆雾掩盖的型材的宽度。两种压力的巨细应与输送链的速度、距相和谐，不然简单呈现膜厚不平等质量问题。　　空气帽的首要作用是将涂料雾化，并构成所要求的喷雾图形及作用。喷上的空气帽和喷嘴，应在每次完毕喷涂时进行清洗，查看雾化作用以及是否有损害，假如有缺点应及时地进行替换。　　空气帽和氟碳漆喷嘴的替换周期为：普通氟碳漆的更滑周期为1200个氟碳漆作业小时，金属氟碳漆的替换周期为600个氟碳漆作业小时。该数据为理论的作业时刻，出产中应依据实际状况，灵敏地把握替换频率。

冷 轧 产 品 品 名        材 质碳 结 板    SPCC、St12、DC01、Q235AB优结钢板   20-45#、08-15#优质碳素钢    08AL低碳深冲板    SC1、SPCE、ST14、DC04 超深冲板  SC2、St15、DC05、SC3、St16、DC06、St17耐腐蚀钢   05CuPCrNi、09CuPCrNi、Q345GNHL 低碳冲压钢   SPCD、ST13、DC03深 冲 板   SPCEN参照： （一）冲压用冷连轧钢带牌号命名方法 1、一般冲压用钢：BLC B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；L——低碳（Low Carbon）；C——一般用（Commercial） 2、抗时效性低屈服钢：BLD B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；L——低碳（Low Carbon）；D——冲压用（Drawing） 3、非时效性极深冲用钢：BUFD（BUSD） B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；U——超级（Ultra）；F——成型（Formability）； D——冲压（Drawing） 4、非时效性超深冲用钢：BSUFD B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；SU——超高级（Ultra+Super）；F——成型（Formability）； D——冲压（Drawing） （二）冷成型用高强度冷连轧钢带牌号命名方法 B ××× × × B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写；×××——最小屈服点值； ×——一般用V、X、Y、Z表示 V：高强度低合金，屈服点与抗拉强度差值无规定 X：V中屈服点最小值与抗拉强度最小值差别70MPa Y：V中屈服点最小值与抗拉强度最小值差别100MPa Z：V中屈服点最小值与抗拉强度最小值差别140MPa ×——氧化物/硫化物夹杂控制（K：镇静、细晶粒；F：K+硫化物控制；O：K、F外） 例：B240ZK、B340VK （三）抗凹陷性冷连轧钢带牌号命名方法 B ××× × × B——宝钢（BAOSTEEL）缩写 ×××——最小屈服点值 ×——强化方式（P：强化；H：烘烤硬化） ×——由1或2表示（1：超低碳；2：低碳） 築210P1：深冲压用高强度钢；B250P2：一般加工用含磷高强度钢；B180H1：深冲用烘烤硬化钢

28日国内不锈钢冷轧上涨幅度在500元左右。据信息研究中心商场监测显现，北京区域，冷卷304/2B的0.5-3.0mm报价在3.20-3.33万元左右(吨价，下同)；热板304/No.1太钢6mm-20mm价位在2.78-3.75万元之间；321圆钢报价在4.70-5.10万元，2Cr13、3Cr13报价在0.94万元左右。佛山区域，冷卷304/2B 0.4-3.0mm张浦报价在3.18-3.33万元左右；无锡区域，冷卷304/2B报价张浦0.4-3.0mm报价在3.32-3.43万元，太钢0.5-3.0mm报价在3.25-3.48万元左右。现商场上仍无会集到货，资源继续严重，报价调高后成交状况欠安。商场304冷轧卷报价较9月出厂报价已高出500元左右，在消费旺季降临、商场库存量不大等有利要素的状况下，部分供应商对后市达观。.

二者的首要差异在于涂漆的阶段和工艺不同。 　　预滚涂是在基材仍是卷状时，在流水线上经过酸洗、矫相等程序，依据要求的漆层厚度，有电脑操控，经过几烤几烘，在相对密闭的空间内完结。滚涂后就是一卷卷带漆层的铝板。如使用时依据尺度直接裁剪和折弯，即可施工。     喷涂是在依据施工图纸断定的规格，对不带漆层的铝板裁剪和折弯成型后，再用喷上漆。     关于商场上的金属铝幕墙来说，种类许多。就涂漆层面来说，首要分喷涂、预滚涂及电镀等。综合功能比较，是喷涂远低于预滚涂，预滚涂在部分指标上低于电镀;在空间上，国产首要是喷涂，国外已是预滚涂产品占主流了，电镀产品在国外也早有人用了。国内和国外为何会形成这种“代”差呢?首要原因有以下二个方面：     资金、技能和设备。     国内幕墙厂商多，规划小，鱼龙混杂，不乏作坊式出产。关于数十亿美元一条的滚涂出产线和严厉的技能配套要求来说，明显还不具备条件。     建筑理念和商场观念要素等。也就是人祸。建筑是千秋大业仅仅嘴上说说罢了，我们只管眼前利益而不讲久远效益。(一个比如是上海陆家嘴的一楼盘，十几如果平方的价格外墙仅用铝塑板贴了拉倒，降低成本啊，成果成交廖廖)。业主外行，出产商就都拼报价，偷工减料，压低薪酬，献身质量，技能研制和升级换代就更是无稽之谈了，成果就是整个职业留步不前。     1***H**——指含99%纯铝的纯铝板     2***H**——指铝铜合金     3***H**——指铝锰合金     4***H**——铝硅合金     5***H**——铝镁合金，可用做船板或防弹铝板.     H1*——静态煺火(也叫最终煺火);     H2*——动态煺火(继续出产线上煺火，也叫中间煺火);     H3*——内部应力处理;     H4*——上面三种只需涂层后都是4.     H*2、H*4、H*6——后边的数字是硬度比值。数字越小，硬度越小;反之越大。     普基铝镁板是预滚涂板，不是喷涂板AA5754H44基材，2.0mm厚度的产品各项功能已卓而不群,选用接连三涂三烤工艺，抗老化、不掉漆，涂层氟碳树脂含量达70%以上,加强筋选用镀锌钢板，柔性衔接，强度高，不变形。删去

日常生产中，阳极氧化膜厚度的增长是随着氧化时间的延长而逐渐增厚的，其膜层的增长能力在恒定电流密度下是基本不变的，但硫酸溶液对氧化膜的溶解能力在逐渐提高，这一现象与膜孔中的酸液温度逐渐升高有关的。当酸液对氧化膜的溶解速度达到膜的生成速度时，氧化膜的厚度就不再增长，此时的厚度将为极限氧化膜厚度。   极限氧化膜厚度的大小与氧化的工艺条件和制件的合金成分有着十分密切的关系，在采取较小的电流密度和较高硫酸浓度，较高槽液温度条件下，此时所获得的极限氧化膜厚度相对较薄。   为提高氧化膜的极限厚度，在允许范围条件下，应适当提高电流密度并降低硫酸浓度和槽液温度。

镀锌格栅板，即格栅板生产出来以后，要进行防锈处理。有热镀锌（热浸镀锌）和电镀锌（冷镀锌）2种。格栅板是钢格板的别名，是用扁钢按照一定的间距和横杆进行交叉排列，并且焊接成中间带有方形格子的一种钢铁制品，主要用来做水沟盖板，钢结构平台板，钢梯的踏步板等．横杆一般采用经过扭绞的方钢作为一种新材料、新产品正得到日益广泛的应用，其较多的优越性能及良好的性能 价格 比显示了其应用的前景。格栅板的制作方式：有机器压焊和手工制作两种.机器压焊使用高压电阻压焊机,机械手自动将横杆横放在均匀排列的扁钢上,通过强大的电焊功率和液压力将横杆压焊入扁钢内,从而可以得到焊点坚固,稳定性和强度极高的高品质格栅板.手工制作的格栅板是先在扁钢上冲孔,然后将横杆放入孔中点焊,横杆与扁钢会存在空隙,而且不可能每个接触点都进行焊接,因此焊接不牢固,强度有所降低. 　　在冶金、矿山、石油、电力与工业领域以及一些民用领域中，格栅板作为一种新型建材正得到日益广泛的应用。所谓新材料，其实在国外已有几十年以上的历史，不过在中国得到广泛应用也只是近１０年的事。但就象铝合金门窗一样，与传统材料相比，人们习惯上还是将其称作新材料。格栅板特点及用途特点： 1.高强度，轻结构：牢固的网格压焊结构使其具有高承载，结构轻2.便于吊装等特点3.外形美观，经久耐用：热浸锌表面处理使其具有相当好的防腐能力4.表面光泽美观5.通风、采光、散热、防爆、防滑性能好；防积污物用途：广泛应用于石油化工、电厂、水厂、污水处理厂、市政工程、环卫工程等领域的平台、走道、栈桥、沟盖、井盖、梯子、围栏、护栏等。  

将镍及镍合金板经熔炼、铸锭、平辊轧制加工成单张或成卷加工材的过程。镍及镍合金具有熔点高、热稳定性好、耐蚀、强度高、加工性能良好等优点。镍合金板带材广泛用于精密仪表、电子、医疗器械、航天航空等工业部门。热轧板厚度5～20mm，冷轧板厚度0．5～10mm，宽度不大于1000mm；带材厚度0．05～1．5mm，宽度一般不大于300mm。镍及镍合金板带的基本生产工艺流程如下：熔铸 镍及镍合金板熔体能吸收大量气体，发生强烈的氧化。一般采用感应电炉熔炼、熔体表面覆盖玻璃，用木炭、锰、硅、镁、钛等脱氧。高纯度的镍及镍合金板采用真空熔炼。蒙乃尔(NCu28—2．5—1．5)等合金采用电渣熔炼。熔炼温度在1450～1560℃之间，随合金而异。通常扁锭用生铁模铸造(见生铁模铸锭)或半连续铸造(见半连续铸锭)。锭重在30～400kg范围内。铸锭表面的夹杂、冷隔等缺陷应进行清理.热轧 镍及镍合金板的高温塑性良好，变形抗力较高，加热温度在1050～1250℃范围内，以电炉加热为宜。若使用煤气炉，则煤气含硫量必须严格控制，以免造成热脆。重400kg厚度为200mm的镍锭，经11个道次热轧至10mm厚。有时热轧前先行锻造，以改善内部组织.酸洗 镍及镍合金板铣面(见有色金属合金锭坯铣面)时易粘刀具，故对热轧板坯常用酸洗的方法除去表层的氧化物。酸洗采用硫酸与硝酸的混合酸，或单独的硝酸。为提高酸洗效果，酸洗前先以小压下量冷轧一道，使延伸小于基体的氧化层被破碎，以利于同酸反应.冷轧 厚度5．0～13．5mm的热轧坯，需经多次反复冷轧和退火，到达成品厚度。两次退火间的压下率可达70％～85％。冷轧常用四辊轧机。高强度的镍合金薄带采用12辊或20辊轧机精轧。冷轧时应充分润滑和冷却，以防粘辊，影响表面质量.退火 退火分中间退火和成品退火。中间退火的目的是消除冷轧造成的加工硬化；成品退火则为了控制成品性能。镍和镍合金板完全退火的温度在570～850IC间，取决于合金成分和制品厚度。成卷薄带退火时易于粘结，故退火前应重卷。因镍合金板的氧化皮较难清除，故常用钟罩式真空炉进行退火。镍铝、镍钛和其他复杂镍合金板可通过固溶／时效处理实现沉淀硬化，以提高强度. 

硅钙板又称石膏复合板，是一种多孔材料，具有良好的隔音、隔热性能，在室内空气潮湿的情况下能吸引空气中水分子、空气干燥时，又能释放水分子，可以适当调节室内干、湿度、增加舒适感。石膏制品又是特级防火材料，在火焰中能产生吸热反应，同时，释放出水分子阻止火势蔓延，而且不会分解产生任何有毒的、侵蚀性的、令人窒息的气体，也不会产生任何助燃物或烟气。硅钙板主要由石膏组成,由硅质材料（硅藻土、膨润土、石英粉等）、钙质材料、增强纤维等作为主要原料，经过制浆、成坯、蒸养、表面砂光等工序而制成的轻质板材。简介：硅钙板吊顶主要优点是质轻、防水、吸声，施工简单。一、材料要求高强硅钙板（600X600X15）、3m长ψ8镀锌吊杆，16X22“T”型铝合金次龙骨、16X28“T”型铝合金主龙骨、12X18“L”形铝合金边龙骨二、主要机具电锯、无齿锯、手电锯、冲击电锤、电动螺丝刀、手刨、钳子、扳手、水准仪、靠尺、钢卷尺三、施工条件和相关环境墙身四周弹好吊顶的+50cm水平标高控制线，并核查完毕。安装完顶棚内的各种管线及通风道，确定好灯位、通风口及各种露明孔口位置。并核对吊顶高度与其内设备标高是否影响。检查所用的材料和配件是否准备齐全。在上龙骨之前必须完成墙面地面的湿作业项目。搭设好顶棚施工的操作平台架子。硅钙板龙骨吊顶在大面积施工前，应做样板间，对顶棚的起拱度、灯槽、通风口的构造处理，分块及固定方法等应经试装并经鉴定后可大面积施工。四、施工工艺弹标高水平线、划龙骨分档线-固定吊挂件-安装边龙骨-安装主龙骨-安装次龙骨-罩面板安装

哈氏合金是镍基合金的一种，目前主要分为B、C、G三个系列，它主要用于铁基Cr-Ni或Cr-Ni-Mo不锈钢、非金属材料等无法使用的强腐蚀性介质场合。 哈氏合金化学成分 　　材料的化学成分　　Ni Cr Mo Fe C Si Co Mn P S W V Cu Nb+Ta　　N10665 (B-2) 基 ≤1.0 26.0~30 ≤2.0 ≤0.02 ≤0.10 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤0.04 ≤0.03　　N10276 (C-276) 基 14.5~16.5 15.0~ 17.0 4.0~7.0 ≤0.01 ≤0.08 ≤2.5 ≤1.0 ≤0.04 ≤0.03 3.0~ 4.5 ≤0.035　　N06007 (G-3) 基 21.0~23.5 6.0~ 8.0 18.0~21 ≤0.015 ≤1.0 ≤5.0 ≤1.0 ≤0.04 ≤0.03 ≤1.5 1.5~2.5 ≤0.50       国产哈氏合金板钛、镍、钨、钼、锆、钽、铌、等哈氏合金板B系列 ：B → 哈氏合金板B-2(00Ni70Mo28) → 哈氏合金板B-3(00Ni70Mo28）哈氏合金板C系列 ：C → 哈氏合金板C-276(00Cr16Mo16W4) →哈氏合金板C-4(00Cr16Mo16) →  哈氏合金板C-22 (00Cr22Mo13W3) → 哈氏合金板C-2000(00Cr20Mo16)哈氏合金板G系列 ：G  → 哈氏合金板G-3（00Cr22Ni48Mo7Cu） →  哈氏合金板G-30(00Cr30Ni48Mo7Cu)哈氏合金板、管材、板材、圆板、板条、丝材、棒材、六角棒、法兰、弯头、三通、封头、大小头主要成分：59Ni-15Cr-16Mo-4W-5Fe 。 　　哈氏合金板是一种含钨的镍-铬-钼合金，含有极低的硅和碳。优势产品有254SMO、AL6XN、AL904L、NAS 254N、NAS 255NM、NAS 354N、NAS 329J3L（S32205双相钢）、INCOLOY 825、INCONEL 625、HASTELLOY C-276 INCONELX-750、NAS HX（HASTELLOYX）、MONEL400／K-500、INCOLOY 800／800H／800HT、INCOLOY 840、INCONEL 600、INCONEL 601、NAS 660（A-286）、LDX 2101、SAF2304、SAF 2507、尿素钢724L、725LN、253MA、纯镍Ni200（N6）、Ni201（N4）、钛及钛合金JISH4600 TR270／TR340C、GR1、GR2、GR3、GR4、GR5、GR7、G、G、SP-700、锆702、锆705以及进口奥氏体不锈钢304、304L、316、316L、316H、316TI、317L、310S、321等。 　　一、典型哈氏合金板化学成分 　　材料的化学成分 　　Ni Cr Mo Fe C Si Co Mn P S W V Cu Nb+Ta 　　N10665 (B-2) 基 ≤1.0 26.0~30 ≤2.0 ≤0.02 ≤0.10 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤0.04 ≤0.03　　N10276 (C-276) 基 14.5~16.5 15.0~ 17.0 4.0~7.0 ≤0.01 ≤0.08 ≤2.5 ≤1.0 ≤0.04 ≤0.03 3.0~ 4.5 ≤0.035　　N06007 (G-3) 基 21.0~23.5 6.0~ 8.0 18.0~21 ≤0.015 ≤1.0 ≤5.0 ≤1.0 ≤0.04 ≤0.03 ≤1.5 1.5~2.5 ≤0.50 　　二、哈氏合金板耐蚀性能 　　哈氏C-276合金属于镍-钼-铬-铁-钨系镍基合金。它是现代金属材料中最耐蚀的一种。主要耐湿氯、各种氧化性氯化物、氯化盐溶液、硫酸与氧化性盐，在低温与中温中均有很好的耐蚀性能。因此，近三十年以来、在苛刻的腐蚀环境中，如化工、石油化工、烟气脱硫、纸浆和造纸、环保等工业领域有着相当广泛的应用。 　　哈氏C-276合金的各种腐蚀数据是有其典型性的，但是不能用作规范，尤其是在不明环境中，必须要经过试验才可以选材。哈氏C-276合金中没有足够的Cr来耐强氧化性环境的腐蚀，如热的浓硝酸。这种合金的产生主要是针对化工过程环境，尤其是存在混酸的情况下，如烟气脱硫系统的出料管等。下表是四种合金在不同环境下的腐蚀对比试验情况。(所有焊接试样采用自熔钨极氩弧焊) 　　四种金属在不同环境下的腐蚀对比试验 　　试验环境 （沸腾） 腐蚀率 （毫米/） 　　典型316 AL-6XN Inconel625 C-276 　　基本 金属试样 焊接 试 样 基本 金属 试样 焊接 试 样 基本 金属 试样 基本 金属 试样 焊接 试 样 　　20%醋酸 0.003 0.003 0.0036 0.0018 0.0076 0.013 0.006 　　45% 0.277 0.262 0.116 0.142 0.13 0.07 0.049 　　10%草酸 1.02 0.991 0.277 0.274 0.15 0.29 0.259 　　20%磷酸 0.177 0.155 0.007 0.006 0.001 0.001 0.0006 　　10% 1.62 1.58 0.751 0.381 0.12 0.07 0.061 　　10%硫酸 9.44 9.44 2.14 2.34 0.64 0.35 0.503 　　10%碳酸氢钠 1.06 1.06 0.609 0.344 0.10 0.07 0.055 　　哈氏C-276合金可以用作燃煤系统的烟气脱硫部件，在这种环境下C-276是最耐蚀的材料。下表是C-276合金和典型316在烟气模拟系统“绿色死亡”溶液中的腐蚀对比试验情况。 　　“绿色死亡”溶液中的腐蚀对比试验 　　“绿色死亡”溶液 （沸腾） 腐蚀率 (mm/a) 　　典型316 C-276 　　7%硫酸 破坏 0.67 　　3%　　1%CuCl2　　1%FeCl3　　由上表可见，C-276合金对混合的具有氯离子的酸、盐溶液有很好的耐蚀性能。 　　哈氏C-276合金中Cr、Mo、W的加入将C-276合金的耐点蚀和缝隙腐蚀的能力大大提高。C-276合金在海水环境中被认为是惰性的，所以C-276被广泛地应用在海洋、盐水和高氯环境中，甚至在强酸低PH值情况下。下表是四种金属在6%FeCl3(按ASTM标准G-48执行)溶液中发生缝隙腐蚀的对比情况。 　　缝隙腐蚀发生情况 　　合金 缝隙腐蚀发生温度 　　°F °C 　　典型316 27 2.5 　　AL-6XN 113 45 　　Inconel625 113 45 　　C-276 140 60 　　C-276合金中高含量的Ni和Mo使其对氯离子应力腐蚀断裂也有很强的抵抗能力，下表是四种金属在不同含氯离子溶液中的应力腐蚀断裂试验情况。 　　氯离子应力腐蚀断裂试验情况 　　试验溶液 弯曲U形试样试验时间（Hours）和试验结果 　　典型316 AL-6XN Inconel 625 C-276 　　42%MgCl2(沸腾) 失败(24小时) 兼有(1000小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 　　33%LiCl(沸腾) 失败(100小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 　　26%NaCl(沸腾) 失败(300小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 抵抗(1000小时) 　　二、物理性能 　　密度：8.90g/cm3, 比热：425J/kg/k, 弹性模量：205Gpa(21℃) 　　三、机械性能 　　典型的C-276合金的拉力试验结果如下表所示，其材料是在1150℃退火，并以水急冷。 　　力学性能试验值 　　温 度 (℃) 屈服强度σ0.2 (Mpa) 抗拉强度σb (Mpa) 延伸率δ5 （%） 　　-196 565 965 45 　　-101 480 895 50 　　21 415 790 50 　　93 380 725 50 　　204 345 710 50 　　316 315 675 55 　　427 290 655 60 　　538 270 640 60 　　对C-276合金进行冷变形加工会使其强度增加。在对其进行冲击试验时，V形槽冲击试样采用10mm厚的板材（板材要经过退火处理），如果试样是采用焊接的试样，则在同样的温度范围，它会显示出一定的柔韧性，这是因为焊缝的原因。板材冲击试验结果如下表所示。 　　试验温度（℃） V形槽试样冲击功（J） 　　-196 245 　　21 325 　　200 325 　　C-276合金和普通奥氏体不锈钢有相似的成形性能。但由于其比普通奥氏体不锈钢的强度要大，所以，在冷成形加工过程中会有更大应力。此外，这种材料的加工硬化速度比普通不锈钢快得多，因此在有广泛冷成形加工过程中，要采取中途退火处理。 　　四、焊接及热处理 　　C-276合金的焊接性能和普通奥氏体不锈钢相似，在使用一种焊接方法对C-276焊接之前，必须要采取措施以使焊缝及热影响区的抗腐蚀性能下降最小，如钨极气体保护焊（W）、金属极气体保护焊（GMAW）、埋弧焊或其他一些可以使焊缝及热影响区抗腐蚀性能下降最小的焊接方法。但对于诸如氧炔焊等有可能增加材料焊缝及热影响区含碳量或含硅量的焊接方法是不适合采用的。 　　关于焊接接头形式的选择，可以参照ASME锅炉与压力容器规范对C-276焊接接头的成功经验。 　　焊接坡口最好采用机械加工的方法，但是机械加工会带来加工硬化，所以对机械加工的坡口处进行焊接前打磨是必要的。 　　哈氏合金板焊接时要采用适宜的热输入速度，以防止热裂纹的产生。 　　在绝大多数腐蚀环境下，C-276都能以焊接件的形式应用。但在十分苛刻的环境中，C-276材料及焊接件要进行固溶热处理以获得最好的抗腐蚀性能。 　　C-276合金的焊接可以选择自身作焊接材料或填料金属。如要求在C-276的焊缝中添加某些成分，象其它镍基合金或不锈钢，并且这些焊缝将暴露在腐蚀环境中时，那么，焊接所用的焊条或焊丝则要求有和母材金属耐腐蚀相当的性能。 　　哈氏C-276合金材料固溶热处理包括两个过程：（1）在1040℃~1150℃加热；（2）在两分钟之内快速冷却至黑色状态（400℃左右），这样处理后的材料有很好的耐蚀性能。因此仅对哈氏C-276合金进行消应力热处理是无效的。在热处理之前要清理合金表面的油污等可能在热处理过程中产生碳元素的一切污垢。 　　C-276合金表面在焊接或热处理时会产生氧化物，使合金中的Cr含量降低，影响耐蚀性能，所以要对其进行表面清理。可以使用不锈钢丝刷或砂轮，接下来浸入适当比例硝酸和的混合液中酸洗，最后用清水冲洗干净。

镀锌楼层板，一种镀锌产品，其基材就是楼层板。在楼层板成型后，通过热镀锌或电镀锌工艺，在其表面镀上一层锌，达到防腐蚀的目的。楼层板是采用镀锌钢板经辊压冷弯成型，其截面成V型、U型、梯形或类似这几种形状的波形，主要用作永久性模板，也可被选为其他用途。镀锌楼层板广泛用于电厂、电力设备公司、汽车展厅、钢结构厂房、水泥库房、钢结构办公室、机场候机楼、火车站、体育场馆、音乐厅、大剧院、大型超市、物流中心、奥运场馆体育场馆等钢结构建筑。镀锌楼层板的特点：1、易于安装施工, 节省工时. 2、取代传统模板, 善传统模板需耗时拆木板模之缺点. 3、可作为结构强度之一部份. 4、易于配筋, 配线, 配之施工. 5外观整齐美观, 改善传统施工的杂乱无章。

          铜合金 copper alloy 以纯铜为基体加入一种或几种其他元素所构成的合金。纯铜呈紫红色，又称紫铜。纯铜密度为8.96，熔点为1083℃，具有优良的导电性、导热性、延展性和耐蚀性。主要用于制作发电机、母线、电缆、开关装置、变压器等电工器材和热交换器、管道、太阳能加热装置的平板集热器等导热器材。常用的铜合金分为黄铜、青铜、白铜3大类。铜合金板是铜合金的一种材料款式。         按材料形成方法划分为可为铸造铜合金和变形铜合金。事实上，许多铜合金既可以用于铸造，又可以用于变形加工。通常变形铜合金可以用于铸造，而许多铸造铜合金却不能进行锻造、挤压、深冲和拉拔等变形加工。铸造铜合金和变形铜合金又可以细分为铸造用紫铜、黄铜、青铜和白铜。       随着电子、信息、汽车工业发展,铜及铜合金板带需求旺盛,铜及铜合金板带约占铜加工材总量的1720%,全世界总消费量约为380万吨,中国约为110万吨,主要生产国有美、德、日、中、韩,中国铜板带材的 产量 、进口量、消费量都居世界第一位;中国铜板带 产业 发展迅速,技术装备水平不断提升。