冷轧板卷是以热轧卷为原料，在室温下在再结晶温度以下进行轧制而成，包括板和卷，国内众多钢厂如宝钢、武钢、鞍钢等均可以生产。其中成张交货的称为钢板，也称盒板或平板；长度很长、成卷交货的称为钢带，也称卷板。 生产过程中由于不进行加热，所以不存在热轧常出现的麻点和氧化铁皮等缺陷，表面质量好、光洁度高。而且冷轧产品的尺寸精度高，产品的性能和组织能满足一些特殊的使用要求，如电磁性能、深冲性能等。  　　规格：厚度为0.2-4mm，宽度为600-2 000mm，钢板长度为1 200-6 000mm。  　　牌号：Q195A-Q235A、Q195AF-Q235AF、Q295A(B)-Q345 A(B)；SPCC、SPCD、SPCE、ST12-15;DC01-06  　　性能：主要采用低碳钢牌号，要求具有良好的冷弯和焊接性能，以及一定的冲压性能。 钢号规格（厚*宽*长）冷轧板规格板0.4*1000*C0.5*1250*C0.35*1000*C 1.0*1000*C0.7*1020*C0.3*1000*C 0.4*1000*C1.5*1000*C2.5*1000*C 2.5*1000*C2.0*1250*C1.5*1250*C 1.0*1250*C1.0*1000*C1.0*1000*2000 1.2*1000*20001.5*1000*20000.5*1000*C 2.0*1000*20003.0*1000*20001.0*1250*2000 1.0*1250*25001.2*1250*20001.2*1250*2500 1.5*1250*20001.5*1250*20002.0*1250*2000 2.0*1250*25002.5*1250*20002.5*1250*2500 3.0*1250*20003.0*1250*25001.0*1250*2500 0.35*1000*20000.4*1000*20000.45*1000*2000 0.5*1000*20000.6*1000*20000.7*1000*2000 0.8*1000*20002.0*1000*20001.2*1000*2000 1.5*1000*20001.0*1250*2000

冷轧板带用途很广，如汽车制造、电气产品、机车车辆、航空、精密仪表、食品罐头等。 　　冷轧薄钢板是普通碳素结构钢冷轧板的简称，也称冷轧板，俗称冷板，有时会被误写成冷扎板。冷板是由普通碳素结构钢热轧钢带，经过进一步冷轧制成厚度小于4mm的钢板。由于在常温下轧制，不产生氧化铁皮，因此，冷板表面质量好，尺寸精度高，再加之退火处理，其机械性能和工艺性能都优于热轧薄钢板，在许多领域里，特别是家电制造领域，已逐渐用它取代热轧薄钢板。 　　适用牌号：Q195、Q215、Q235、Q275；SPCC（日本牌号）；ST12（德国牌号） 　　符号：冷轧板的用途 　　1、Q—普通碳素结构钢屈服点（极限）的代号，它是“屈”的第一个汉语拼音字母的大小写；195、215、235、255、275—分别表示它们屈服点（极限）的数值，单位：兆帕MPa（N/mm2）；由于Q235钢的强度、塑性、韧性和焊接性等综合机械性能在普通碳素结构钢中属最了，能较好地满足一般的使用要求，所以应用范围十分广泛。 　　2、S-钢（Steel）、P-板（Plate）、C-冷轧（cold）、第四位C-普通级（common）。 　　3、ST-钢（Steel）、12-普通级冷轧薄钢板、　 　　标记：尺寸精度—尺寸—钢板品种标准 　　冷轧钢板：钢号—技术条件标准 　　标记示例：B-0.57501500-GB708-88；钢板、标准号Q/BQB402，牌号SPCC，热处理状态退火+平整（S），表央加工状态为麻面D，表面质量为FB级的切边（切边EC，不切边EM）钢板、厚度0.5mm，B级精度，宽度1000mm，A级精度，长度2000mm，A级精度，不平度精度为PF.A，则标记为：钢板ECQ/BQB 402-SPCC-SD-FB/（0.51000A2000A-PF.A）； 　　冷轧钢板：Q225-GB912-89 　　主要产地有：宝钢、鞍钢、本钢、武钢、邯钢、包钢、唐钢、涟钢、济钢等 　　冷轧普通薄钢板 ：由普通碳素结构钢或低合金结构钢冷轧制成。冷轧板表面质量较好。具有良好的冲压性能。对其要求要保证冷弯和杯试验合格，常用于汽车等行业和镀层板的原料。 　　冷轧优质薄钢板：主要包括各种优质钢冷轧薄板，最常用的是碳素结构钢板，尤其是深冲压用冷轧薄钢板，是由低碳优质钢08Al冷轧的薄板，钢板按表面质量分为三组；Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ，分别表示特别高级、高级、较高的精整表面,按拉延级别分为ZF、HF、F级（代表用于冲制拉延最复杂、很复杂、复杂的零件）,根据钢板厚度允许偏差，又分为A、B两级精度、广泛用于汽车拖拉机工业。 　　冷轧钢板，表面光洁，加工优良，用于汽车、冰箱、洗衣机等家电，以及产业设备、各种建筑材料。随着经济发展，冷轧钢板已被称为现代社会的必须材料。 冷轧产品的分类： 热轧酸洗、轧硬卷、普通冷轧、镀锌（电镀锌、耐指纹、热镀锌）、镀铝锌、电镀锡、彩涂、电工钢（矽钢片）等。 　　1、热轧酸洗：　　2、轧 硬 卷：在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。　　产品特点：因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。

冷轧是在室温条件下将钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最小厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，大部份工厂如保定普瑞钢材冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和 市场 需求而决定。冷轧的优缺点：优点：成型速度快、 产量 高，且不损伤涂层，可以做成多种多样的截面形式，以适应使用条件的需要；冷轧可以使钢材产生很大的塑性变形，从而提高了钢材的屈服点。缺点: 1.虽然成型过程中没有经过热态塑性压缩，但截面内仍然存在残余应力，对钢材整体和局部屈曲的特性必然产生影响；2.冷轧型钢样式一般为开口截面，使得截面的自由扭转刚度较低。在受弯时容易出现扭转，受压时容易出现弯扭屈曲，抗扭性能较差；3.冷轧成型钢壁厚较小，在板件衔接的转角处又没有加厚，承受局部性的集中荷载的能力弱。镀锌是在装有镀件、玻璃球、锌粉、水和促进剂的旋转滚桶内，作为冲击介质的玻璃球随着滚桶转动，与镀件表面发生摩擦和锤击产生机械物理能量，在化学促进剂的作用下，将镀涂的锌粉“冷焊”到镀件表面上，形成光滑、均匀和细致的具有一定厚度的镀层。镀锌分为热镀锌和电镀锌两种。热镀锌也叫热浸镀锌和热浸锌，是一种有效的 金属 防腐方式，主要用于各 行业 的 金属 结构设施上。是将除锈后的钢件浸入500℃左右融化的锌液中，使钢构件表面附着锌层，从而起到防腐的目的。电镀锌，是利用电解设备将管件经过除油、酸洗、后放入成分为锌盐的溶液中，并连接电解设备的负极，在管件的对面放置锌版，连接在电解设备的正极接通电源，利用电流从正极向负极的定向移动就会在管件上沉积一层锌，冷镀管件是先加工后镀锌。

冷轧：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在6~13.5吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。内径为610mm。产品特点因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。简单来说，冷轧，是在热软板扎的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧→酸洗→冷轧这样的加工过程。冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。由热轧经过连续冷变形而成的冷轧，机械性能比较差，硬度太高，必须经过退火才能恢复其机械性能，没有退火的叫轧硬卷。轧硬卷一般是用来做无需折弯，拉伸的产品，1.0以下厚度轧硬的运气好的两边或者四边折弯。化学成分（Wt%）牌号CSiMnPSCuSPCC0.02～0.08≤0.100.15～0.30≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050Q1950.06～0.12≤0.300.25～0.50≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050Q235-B0.12～0.20≤0.300.30～0.70≤0.045≤0.050≤0.050制作工序冷轧通常采用众轧的方式。冷轧生产的工序一般包括原料准备、酸洗、轧制、脱脂、退火(热处理)、精整等。冷轧以热轧产品为原料，冷轧前原料要先除磷，以保证冷轧产品的表面洁净。轧制是使材料变形的主要工序。脱脂的目的在于去除轧制时附在轧材上的润滑油脂，以免退火时污染钢材表面，对不锈钢也为防止增碳。退火包括中间退火和成品热处理，中间退火是通过再结晶消除冷变形时产生的加工硬化，以恢复材料的塑性及降低金属的变形抗力。成品热处理的目的除了通过再结晶消除硬化外。还在于根据产品的技术要求以获得所需要的组织(如各种织构等)和产品性能(如深冲、电磁性能等)。精整包括检查、剪切、矫直(平整)、打印、分类包装等内容。冷轧产品有很高的包装要求，以防止产品在运输过程中表面被刮伤。除上述工序外在生产一些特殊产品时还有各自的特殊工序。如轧制硅钢板时，在冷轧前要进行脱碳退火，轧后要进行涂膜、高温退火、拉伸矫直(见张力矫直)与回火等。用于冷轧带刚的轧机有二辊轧机、四辊轧机和多辊轧机。应用最多的是四辊轧机。轧制更薄的产品则要采用多辊轧机。多辊轧机的种类很多，如六辊轧机、偏八辊轧机，十二辊轧机，二十辊轧机等(见轧机)。随着对板形要求的提高，发展了许多改进板形的技术，如弯辊技术、窜辊技术和交叉轧辊技术等。冷轧带钢轧机按机架排列可分为单机可逆或不可逆式与多机连续式两类。前者适用于多品种、少批量或合金钢产品比例大的情况。它投资低、建厂快，但产量低，金属消耗较大。多机架连续轧制适合于产品品种较单一或者变动不大的情况，它有生产效率高、产量大的优点，但投资较大。与热轧带钢(见热连轧宽带钢生产工艺、热轧窄带钢生产)相比，冷轧带钢(见冷板扎带生产)的轧制工艺有以下特点：(1)采用工艺润滑和冷却，以降低轧制时的变形抗力和冷却轧辊；(2)采用大张力轧制，以降低变形抗力和保持轧制过程的稳定。采用的平均单位张力值为材料屈服强度的10%～60%，一般不超过50%；(3)采用多轧程轧制。由于冷轧使材料产生加工硬化，当总变形量达到60%～80%时，继续变形就变得很困难。为此要进行中间退火，使材料软化后轧制得以继续进行。为了得到要求的薄带钢，这样的中间退火可能要进行多次。两次中间退火之间的轧制称为一个轧程。冷轧带钢的退火在有保护气体的连续式退火炉或罩式退火炉中进行(见冷轧板带退火)。冷轧带钢的最小厚度目前可达到0.05mm，冷轧箔材可达到0.001mm。

黄铜颜色是金属硅一项重要的物理性质。随着黄铜越来越多的应用在人们的日常生活中和工业生产中，对黄铜的各项研究具有非常重要的意义。了解黄铜颜色，有利于掌握黄铜的各种性质，更好的利用黄铜。    黄铜是由铜和锌所组成的合金。如果只是由铜、锌组成的黄铜就叫作普通黄铜。黄铜常被用于制造阀门、水管、空调内外机连接管和散热器等。    黄铜颜色是黄色的。众所周知，铜是少数有颜色的金属之一,铜颜色呈紫红色光泽，纯铜在约700毫微米波长有较高的反射率而呈现橙红。铜极易与其它元素形成合金，不同的合金，不同的元素含量又具有不同的色泽。铜与锌的合金称为黄铜，随着锌含量的增加，黄铜颜色由红变为金黄。铜与铝、锡等元素形成的合金称为青铜，青铜颜色为黄带绿色泽。铜与镍形成的合金称为白铜，含镍30%的合金是著名的耐蚀白铜,含有锌和镍的锌白铜具有美丽的银白色。各种元素在铜中含量由少变多的时候，其合金颜色沿红黄青白方向变化。 铜及 合金具有丰富的色泽，铜的化合物也具有不同的颜色。    黄铜以锌作主要添加元素的铜合金﹐具有美观的黄色﹐统称黄铜。铜锌二元合金称普通黄铜或称简单黄铜。三元以上的黄铜称特殊黄铜或称复杂黄铜。含锌低於36％的黄铜合金由固溶体组成﹐具有良好的冷加工性能﹐如含锌30％的黄铜常用来制作弹壳﹐俗称弹壳黄铜或七三黄铜。含锌在36～42％之间的黄铜合金由和固溶体组成﹐其中最常用的是含锌40％的六四黄铜。为了改善普通黄铜的性能﹐常添加其他元素﹐如铝﹑镍﹑锰﹑锡﹑硅﹑铅等。因此，黄铜颜色不同，说明黄铜所含的金属元素也不同。    更多关于黄铜颜色的资讯，请登录上海有色网查询。 

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板，俗称冷板。　　冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。 　　一般来说，冷轧钢板分为三代产品：沸腾钢为第一代，铝镇静钢为第二代，无间隙原子刚（IF钢）为第三代。   您查询的关键词是：冷轧钢板  。如果打开速度慢，可以尝试快速版；如果想保存快照，可以添加到搜藏。 "冷轧钢板""2,冷轧钢板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.9)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.56",,"2.5","6000x1200 7000x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","22.25""0.45",,"4.01",,"2.75",,"24.48""0.5",,"4.45",,"3.0",,"26.70""0.6",,"5.34",,"3.5",,"31.50""0.7",,"6.23",,"4.0",,"35.60""0.8",,"7.12",,"4.5",,"40.05""0.9",,"8.01",,"5.0",,"44.50""1.0",,"8.90",,"5.5",,"48.95""1.1",,"9.79",,"6.0",,"53.40""1.2",,"10.68",,"6.5",,"57.85""1.35",,"12.02",,"7.0",,"62.30""1.5",,"13.35",,"7.5",,"66.75""1.65",,"14.60",,"8.0",,"71.20""1.8",,"16.02",,"9.0",,"80.10""2.0",,"17.80",,"10.0",,"89.00""2.25",,"20.03""冷轧铜条""2,冷轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.20","200~400","500~800","1.78",,"2.50","200~500","500~2000","22.25""0.25",,,"2.23",,"2.75",,,"24.48""0.30",,,"2.67",,"3.00",,"1000~2000","26.70""0.35",,,"3.12",,"3.50",,,"31.15""0.40","200~500","500~2000","3.56",,"4.00",,,"35.60""0.45",,,"4.01",,"4.50",,,"40.05""0.50",,,"4.45",,"5.00",,,"44.50""0.60",,,"5.34",,"5.50",,,"48.95""0.70",,,"6.23",,"6.00",,,"53.40""0.80",,,"7.12",,"6.50",,,"57.85""0.90",,,"8.01",,"7.00",,,"62.30""1.00",,,"8.90",,"8.00",,,"71.20""1.20",,,"10.68",,"9.00",,,"80.10""1.30",,,"11.57",,"10.00",,,"89.00""1.40",,,"12.46",,"11.00",,,"97.90""1.50",,,"13.35",,"12.00",,,"106.8""1.60",,,"14.69",,"13.00",,,"115.7""1.80",,,"16.02",,"14.00",,,"124.6""2.00",,,"17.80",,"15.00",,,"133.5""注 铜板和条(热轧,冷轧)的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4和TU和TUP,其化学成分应符合YB145-71规定""特殊用冷轧黄铜条""3,特殊用冷轧黄铜条(YB555-65)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.8)""0.20","200~300","500~1000","1.76",,"1.6","200~500","500~2000","14.08""0.25",,,"2.20",,"1.8",,,"15.84""0.30","200~400",,"2.64",,"2.0",,,"17.60""0.35",,,"3.08",,"2.5",,,"22.00""0.40","200~500",,"3.52",,"2.75",,,"24.20""0.45",,,"3.96",,"3.0",,,"26.40""0.50",,"500~2000","4.40",,"3.5",,,"30.80""0.55",,,"4.84",,"4.0",,,"35.20""0.60",,,"5.28",,"4.5",,,"39.60""0.70",,,"6.16",,"5.0",,,"44.00""0.80",,,"7.04",,"5.5",,,"48.40""0.90",,,"7.92",,"6.0",,,"52.80""1.0",,,"8.8",,"6.5",,,"57.20""1.2",,,"10.56",,"7.0",,,"61.60""1.3",,,"11.44",,"8.0",,,"70.40""1.4",,,"12.32",,"9.0",,,"79.20""1.5",,,"13.20",,"10.0",,,"88.00""注 (1)标记举例:用H80制成的,厚度为0.8mm,宽度为300mm,长度为1000mm的1/2硬条标记为:"" 条H80-Y20.8x300x1000YB555-65."" (2)冷轧条分为定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.""多面体的体积和表面积""多面体的体积和表面积""图形",,"尺寸符号",,"重心(G)""立方体",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方体∧棱柱∨",,,,"G0=h/2""三棱柱",,,,"Go=h/2""棱锥",,,,"Go=h/4""棱台""圆柱和空心圆柱∧管∨",,,,"Go=h/2""斜线直圆柱""直圆锥",,,,"Go=h/4""圆台""球",,,,"在球心上""球扇形∧球楔∨",,,,"Go=3/4(r-h/2)""球缺",,,,"Go=3(2r-h)2/4(3r-h)""圆环体∧胎∨",,,,"在环中心上""球带体",,,,"Go=h1+h/2""桶形",,,,"在轴交点上""椭球体",," a,b,c-半轴",,"在轴交点上""交叉圆柱体",,,,"在二轴交点上""梯形体""常用图形求面积,体积公式""常用图形求面积,体积公式""图形",,"尺寸符号","面积(F) 表面积(S)","重心(G)""正方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""长方形",,,,"在对角线交点上""三角形",,,,"GB=1/3BD CD=DA""平行四边形",,,,"对角线交点上""任意四边形""正多边形",,,,"在o点上""菱形",,,,"在对角线交点上""梯形""圆形",,,,"在圆心上""椭圆形",,"a·b-主轴","F= (π/4) a·b","在主轴交点G上""扇形""弓形""圆环",,,,"在圆心O""部分圆环""新月形",,,,"O1G=(π-P)L/2P","L d/10","2d/10 3d/10 4d/10","5d/10 6d/10 7d/10 ","8d/10 9d/10","P 0.40","0.79 1.18 1.56","1.91 2.25 2.55","2.81 3.02""抛物线形""等多边形",,," "," 在内,外接圆心处""冷轧黄钢板""4,冷轧黄钢板(YB460-71)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.5)""0.20","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","1.70",,"2.00","200~500 500~600 600~700 700~800 >800","17.00""0.25",,"2.13",,"2.25",,"19.13""0.30",,"2.55",,"2.50",,"21.25""0.35",,"2.98",,"2.75",,"23.38""0.40",,"3.40",,"3.00",,"25.50""0.45",,"3.82",,"3.50",,"29.75""0.50",,"4.25",,"4.00",,"34.00""0.60",,"5.10",,"4.50",,"38.20""0.70",,"5.95",,"5.00",,"42.50""0.80",,"6.80",,"5.50",,"46.75""0.90",,"7.65",,"6.00",,"51.00""1.00",,"8.50",,"6.50",,"55.25""1.10",,"9.35",,"7.00",,"59.50""1.20",,"10.20",,"7.50",,"63.75""1.35",,"11.48",,"8.00",,"68.00""1.50",,"12.75",,"9.00",,"76.50""1.65",,"14.03",,"10.00",,"85.00""1.80",,"15.30""注 (1)冷轧软板仅供应H59,H62,H68,H80,H90,H96,HMn58-2,HPb59-1牌号.""(2)冷轧1/2硬板仅供应H62,H65,H68,H90,HMn58-2牌号.""(3)冷轧特硬板仅供应H62牌号.""(4)冷轧板材长度分为:定尺,倍尺和不定尺三种.其通常长度为500~2000mm,但长度不得小于宽度.""特殊用冷轧黄钢板""5,特殊用冷轧黄钢板(YB555-65)""厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)",,"厚度(mm)","宽度和长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)(比重:8.8)""0.4","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","3.52",,"2.25","600x1200 700x1430 800x1500 1000x2000","19.60""0.45",,"3.96",,"2.50",,"22.00""0.50",,"4.40",,"2.75",,"24.20""0.55",,"4.84",,"3.0",,"26.40""0.60",,"5.28",,"3.5",,"30.80""0.70",,"6.16",,"4.0",,"35.20""0.80",,"7.04",,"4.5",,"39.60""0.90",,"7.92",,"5.0",,"44.00""1.0",,"8.80",,"5.5",,"48.40""1.1",,"9.68",,"6.0",,"52.80""1.2",,"10.56",,"6.5",,"57.20""1.35",,"11.88",,"7.0",,"61.60""1.5",,"13.20",,"7.5",,"66.60""1.65",,"14.52",,"8.0",,"70.40""1.8",,"15.84",,"9.0",,"79.20""2.0",,"17.60",,"10.0",,"88.00""注 标记举例:用H90制成的,厚度为2.5mm,宽度为600mm,长度为1200mm的软板标记为:"" 板H90M2.5x600x1200xYB555-65.""铝及铝合金板""6,铝及铝合金板""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)"0.5,"1.40",,"2.5","7.00",,"9.0","25.2",,"25","70.0"0.6,"1.68",,"3.0","8.40",,"10.0","28.0",,"30","84.0"0.8,"2.24",,"3.5","9.80",,"12.0","33.6",,"35","98.0""1.0","2.80",,"4.0","11.20",,"14.0","39.2",,"40","112.0""1.2","3.36",,"5.0","14.00",,"16.0","44.8",,"50","140.0""1.5","4.20",,"6.0","16.80",,"18.0","50.4",,"60","168.0""1.8","5.04",,"7.0","19.60",,"20.0","56.0",,"70","196.0""2.0","5.60",,"8.0","22.40",,"22.0","61.6",,"80","224.0""注 (1)板的宽度有1000,1200和500mm;板的长度有2000,3000和4000mm."" (2)理论重量按LY11,LY12和LD10等牌号铝合金的比重2.8计算,对于其他牌号的铝合金和工业纯铝,应乘以"" 下列换算系数:LD2-0.961;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975;LC4-1.018;工业纯铝-0.967.""铅板""7,铅板(GB1470-79)""厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)",,"厚度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2)""1.0","11.37",,"3.0","34.11",,"5.0","56.85",,"9.0","102.33""1.5","17.06",,"3.5","39.80",,"6.0","68.22",,"10.0","113.70""2.0","22.74",,"4.0","45.48",,"7.0","79.59",,"12.0","136.44""2.5","28.43",,"4.5","51.17",,"8.0","90.96",,"16.0","170.55""注 (1)铅的化学成分按GB469-64标准."" (2)板材理论重量按比重为11.34计算,宽度按500mm进张."" (3)板材成卷供应,厚度大于15mm的板材,以片状供应,厚度不大于1.5mm的板材,应用木箱包装.""纯铜带"",纯铜带(YB464-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (m)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""0.05","18~150","≥20","0.44",,"0.50","18~300","≥10","4.45""0.06",,,"0.53",,"0.55",,,"4.90""0.07",,,"0.62",,"0.60",,,"5.34""0.08",,,"0.71",,"0.65",,,"5.79""0.09",,,"0.80",,"0.70",,,"6.23""0.10","18~300",,"0.89",,"0.75",,,"6.68""0.12",,,"1.07",,"0.80",,,"7.12""0.15",,,"1.34",,"0.85",,,"7.57""0.18",,,"1.60",,"0.90",,,"8.01""0.20",,,"1.78",,"1.00",,,"8.90""0.22",,,"1.96",,"1.10",,,"9.79""0.25",,,"2.23",,"1.20",,"≥7","10.68""0.30",,,"2.67",,"1.30",,,"11.57""0.35",,,"3.12",,"14.40",,,"12.46""0.40",,,"3.56",,"1.50",,,"13.35""0.45",,,"4.01""注 纯铜带的制造牌号为T2,T3,T4,TUP,其化学成分符合YB145-71的规定.""铝带""9,铝带""宽 度 (mm)","厚 度 (mm)","3","4","5","6","8","10","12","重 量 (kg/m)""10","0.080","0.107","0.134 0.161 0.268 0.335 0.402 0.536 0.670 0.804 1.072 1.340 1.608","0.161","0.214","0.268","0.322""12","0.096","0.129",,"0.193","0.257","0.322","0.386""15","0.121","0.161",,"0.241","0.322","0.402","0.482""20","0.161","0.214",,"0.322","0.429","0.568","0.643""25","0.201","0.268",,"0.402","0.568","0.670","0.804""30","0.241","0.332",,"0.482","0.643","0.804","0.965""40","0.322","0.429",,"0.643","0.858","1.072","1.286""50","0.402","0.536",,"0.804","1.072","1.340","1.608""60","0.482","0.643",,"0.965","1.286","1.608","1.930""80","0.643","0.858",,"1.286","1.715","2.144","2.573""100","0.804","1.072",,"1.608","2.144","2.680","3.216""120","0.965","1.286",,"1.930","2.573","3.216","3.859""注 表中重量系以LY11,LY12,(比重2.8)为准,其他合金应乘以下列系数:"" L1~L6-0.967;LF2-0.953;LF21-0.975.""热轧铜条""1,热轧铜条(YB459-64)""厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)",,"厚 度 (mm)","宽度 (mm)","长度 (mm)","理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)""4.0","200~500","≥1000","35.60",,"8.0","200~500","≥1000","71.20""4.5",,,"40.05",,"9.0",,,"80.10""5.0",,,"44.05",,"10.0",,,"89.0""5.5",,,"48.95",,"11.0",,,"97.9""6.0",,,"53.40",,"12.0",,,"106.8""6.5",,,"57.85",,"13.0",,,"115.7""7.0",,,"62.30",,"14.0",,,"124.6""7.5",,,"66.75",,"15.0",,,"133.5""英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""(二)英国标准线规(BWG)号数与线径的关系""线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm",,"线规号码","in.","mm""0","0.324","8.230",,"14","0.080","2.032",,"28","0.0148","0.376""1","0.300","7.020",,"15","0.072","1.829",,"29","0.0136","0.345""2","0.276","7.010",,"16","0.064","1.626",,"30","0.0124","0.315""3","0.252","6.401",,"17","0.056","1.422",,"31","0.0116","0.295""4","0.232","5.893",,"18","0.048","1.219",,"32","0.0108","0.274""5","0.212","5.385",,"19","0.040","1.016",,"33","0.0100","0.254""6","0.192","4.877",,"20","0.036","0.914",,"34","0.0092","0.234""7","0.176","4.470",,"21","0.032","0.813",,"35","0.0084","0.213""8","0.160","4.064",,"22","0.028","0.711",,"36","0.0076","0.193""9","0.144","3.658",,"23","0.024","0.610",,"37","0.0068","0.173""10","0.128","3.251",,"24","0.022","0.559",,"38","0.0060","0.152""11","0.116","2.946",,"25","0.020","0.508",,"39","0.0052","0.132"12,"0.104","2.642",,"26","0.018","0.457",,"40","0.0048","0.122"13,"0.092","2.337",,"27","0.0164","0.417",,"41","0.0044","0.112""刺钢丝""三)刺钢丝规格和重量""说 明 和 用 途",,"钢丝划号 (号)","刺间距离 (mm)","每kg长度 (m)","重量 (kg/km)""刺钢丝又名刺铁丝,俗称"花园铅丝"(因常作花园围墙篱笆之用,故名),系以镀锌钢丝经机器铰缠而成(一般用#12或#14钢丝制作).适于作各种围墙(尤其是公园围墙和临时建筑场地 的围墙)篱笆或障碍物用.",,"12","65","6.4","156",,,"75","7.2","139",,,"100","7.9","127",,,"125","8.6","116",,"14","65","10.9","91.8",,,"75","11.5","86.9",,,"100","13.0","76.9",,,"125","14.0","71.4""注 (1)刺钢丝规格的注写方法为"钢丝直径(号数)x尖数x刺间距离",或"钢丝直径(号数)x刺间距离"."" (2)表列刺钢丝的"每kg长度"和"重量",仅供参考.""刻痕钢丝""四)刻痕钢丝规格和重量""直径 (mm)","断面积 (mm2)","重量 (kg/m)"," 抗 拉 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,"屈 服 强 度 (kg/mm2)",,,"I组","II组","I组","II组""2.5","4.90","0.034","190","160","152","128""3","7.06","0.056","180","150","144","120""4","12.56","0.094","170","140","136","112""5","19.63","0.150","160","130","126","104""注 刻痕钢丝是由预应力混凝土结构用碳素钢丝(冷拔高强度钢丝)在经特制的"刻痕机"进行刻痕而制成的"" 预应力钢筋混凝土结构用的钢丝.""钢丝网""五)钢丝网规格和重量""号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)",,"号数","钢丝直径(mm)","重量(kg/m2)"20,"1.6","1.5",,"6","2.0","6.7",,"2.5","0.7","2.0",,"1","0.3","0.9","3.0","5.1",,"5.5","0.5","0.6",,"2.2","0.45","1.0",,,"0.35","1.2""18","1.6","1.7",,,"1.6","4.7",,,"0.6","1.6",,"0.9","0.25","0.7","3.0","5.7",,,"2.0","7.2",,,"0.8","2.9",,,"0.3","1.0""16","1.6","1.9",,"5","0.7","1.1",,"2","0.4","0.9",,,"0.4","1.6","3.0","6.3",,,"1.4","4.1",,,"0.5","1.3",,"0.8","0.22","0.6""14","1.4","1.7",,,"2.2","8.9",,,"0.6","1.9",,,"0.28","0.9","2.5","4.9",,"4.5","0.5","0.7",,,"1.2","6.0",,,"0.3","1.0""12","1.2","1.4",,,"1.0","2.3",,"1.8","0.4","0.9",,"0.7","0.2","0.6","2.5","5.7",,,"1.8","6.8",,,"0.5","1.4",,,"0.25","0.9""11","1.2","1.5",,"4","0.6","1.0",,,"0.7","2.6",,,"0.30","1.2","2.5","6.1",,,"1.0","2.6",,"1.6","0.3","0.6",,"0.63","0.22","0.7""10","1.0","1.2",,,"1.4","4.8",,,"0.4","1.0",,,"0.25","0.9","2.5","6.6",,"3.5","0.7","1.5",,,"0.45","1.3",,,"0.28","1.2""9","1.0","1.3",,,"1.0","2.9",,"1.4","0.30","0.7",,"0.56","0.22","0.8","2.2","5.7",,,"1.2","4.0",,,"0.35","0.9",,,"0.25","1.0""8","0.7","0.7",,"3.2","0.45","0.7",,,"0.65","2.7",,,"0.28","1.2","1.2","2.1",,,"0.9","2.7",,"1.2","0.28","0.7",,"0.5","0.22","0.9","1.8","4.5",,,"1.2","4.3",,,"0.35","1.0",,,"0.25","1.1""7","0.7","0.8",,"2.8","0.4","0.7",,,"0.4","1.3",,,"0.3","1.5","1.2","2.3",,,"0.7","1.8",,"1.1","0.28","0.7",,"0.45","0.2","0.8","1.8","5.0",,,"1.0","3.6",,,"0.35","1.1",,,"0.25","1.2""6","0.7","0.9",,"2.5","0.4","0.7",,,"0.40","1.4",,,"0.2","0.9","1.2","2.7",,,"0.5","1.1",,"1","0.25","0.7",,"0.4","0.25","1.3""钢板网""六)钢板网规格和重量""品 种","规 格 (mm)",,,,,,"每张大约重量(kg)","生产单位","丝梗厚度 h","孔眼宽度 T","丝梗宽度 b","节 距 t","网面宽度 B","网面长度 L""小","0.5","9","1","25","1800","600","0.875","上海中国钢板网厂",,,,,"2000",,"0.875","0.6","9","1","25","1800","600","1.000",,,,,"2000",,"1.125","0.7","9","1","25","1800","600","1.125",,,,,"2000",,"1.250""网","0.75","9","1","25","1800","600","1.250",,,,,"2000",,"1.375","0.8","9","1","25","1800","600","1.375",,,,,"2000",,"1.500","1","9","1","25","1500","600","1.625",,,,,"1800",,"1.875",,,,,"2000",,"2.125""大","0.5","7","1.2","2.5","1800","2800","5.85","上海中国钢板网厂","1","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","11.70",,"9","1.2","25","1500","3000","7.95",,,,,"1800","3600","11.70",,"9","1.1","25","2000","4000","14.76",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","11.70",,,,,"2000","4000","14.60","1.2","7","1.2","25","1800","2800","14.04",,"9","1.2","25","1800","3600","14.04",,,"1.1","25","2000","4000","17.71",,"11","1.6","40","1800","3600","14.04""网",,,,,"2000","4000","17.71","1.5","11","1.6","40","1800","3600","17.55",,"17","2.3","65","2000","4000","22.14","2","17","2.3","65","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"22","3.0","75","1500","3000","15.90",,,,,"1800","3600","23.41",,,,,"2000","4000","29.52",,"27","3.8","100","2000","4000","29.52","3","36","4.6","115","2000","4000","44.28",,"45","6.1","150""钢丝纱""七)钢丝纱(窗纱)规格和重量""规 格","面 积(m2/卷)","重 量",,"(kg/卷)","(kg/m2)""14目3x100","27.87","12.5","0.448""14目4x100","37.16","16.6","0.448""16目3x100",27.87,13.5,"0.484""16目4x100",37.16,"18.0","0.484""紫铜丝布""(八)紫铜丝布(紫铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","22","2.691",,"30","30","2.5116",,"65","36","1.9734""10","24","2.691",,"35","31","1.9734",,"70","36","1.9734""12","24","3.0498",,"40","32","1.9734",,"75","37","1.9734""16","26","2.1528",,"45","33","1.9734",,"80","37","1.9734""20","27","2.1528",,"50","34","1.9734",,"100","39","1.7940""24","30","2.1528",,"55","35","1.9734""28","30","2.3322",,"60","35","1.7940""黄铜丝布""(九)黄铜丝布(黄铜纱)规格和重量""网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)",,"网 孔 目","铜 丝 线 号","净 重(kg/m2)""8","24","1.5787",,"24","34","0.8611",,"50","38","0.6458""10","26","1.2375",,"26","34","0.8252",,"60","41","0.3947""12","27","1.2558",,"28","36","0.5386",,"70","42","0.3347""14","27","1.3276",,"30","36","0.5741",,"80","43","0.3767""16","32","0.6100",,"32","36","0.6100",,"90","43","0.4306""18","33","0.6100",,"34","36","0.6279",,"100","43","0.5023""20","33","0.7176",,"36","36","0.7176",,"110","44","0.3347""22","33","0.8611",,"40","36","0.4844",,"120","44","0.4485""铝及铝合金直角角型材""1,铝及铝合金直角角型材(XC111)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,"截面面积(mm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b",,,,,"H=B","b"1,"12","1","0.234","0.065",,"25","25","1.3","0.734","0.204",,"49","38.3","5","3.590","0.998"2,"12","2","0.440","0.122",,"26","25","1.6","0.777","0.216",,"50","38.3","6.3","4.444","1.235"3,"12.5","1.6","0.377","0.105",,"27","25","2","0.964","0.268",,"51","40","2","1.564","0.435"4,"15","1","0.294","0.082",,"28","25","2.5","1.189","0.331",,"52","40","2.5","1.944","0.540"5,"15","1.2","0.353","0.098",,"29","25","3","1.410","0.392",,"53","40","3","2.320","0.645"6,"15","1.5","0.434","0.121",,"30","25","3.2","1.509","0.429",,"54","40","3.5","2.671","0.743"7,"15","2","0.564","0.157",,"31","25","3.5","1.641","0.456",,"55","40","3.5","2.694","0.749"8,"15","3","0.820","0.223",,"32","25","4","1.857","0.516",,"56","40","4","3.057","0.850"9,"16","1.6","0.429","0.119",,"33","25","5","2.242","0.623",,"57","40","5","3.750","1.043"10,"16","2.4","0.726","0.202",,"34","27","2","1.041","0.289",,"58","45","4","3.475","0.961"11,"18","1.5","0.524","0.146",,"35","27","2","1.090","0.303",,"59","45","5","4.277","1.189"12,"18","2","0.684","0.190",,"36","30","1.5","0.884","0.246",,"60","50","3","2.920","0.812"13,"19","1.6","0.585","0.163",,"37","30","2","1.164","0.324",,"61","50","4","3.857","1.072"14,"19","2.4","0.861","0.239",,"38","30","2.5","1.438","0.400",,"62","50","5","4.777","1.328"15,"19","3.2","1.125","0.313",,"39","30","3","1.720","0.478",,"63","50","6","5.655","1.572"16,"20","1","0.397","0.110",,"40","30","4","2.240","0.623",,"64","50","6.5","6.110","1.699"17,"20","1.2","0.473","0.131",,"41","32","2.4","1.491","0.415",,"65","50","12","10.600","2.947"18,"20","1.5","0.584","0.162",,"42","32","3.2","1.957","0.554",,"66","60","5","5.777","1.606"19,"20","2","0.764","0.212",,"43","32","3.5","2.131","0.592",,"67","60","6","6.855","1.906"20,"20","3","1.140","0.137",,"44","32","6.5","3.723","1.036",,"68","75","7","10.010","2.783"21,"20","4","1.475","0.410",,"45","35","3","2.005","0.557",,"69","75","8","11.360","3.158"22,"20.5","1.6","0.633","0.176",,"46","35","4","2.657","0.739",,"70","75","10","14.000","3.892"23,"23","2","0.680","0.245",,"47","38","2.4","1.773","0.498",,"71","90","5","8.750","2.433"24,"25","1.2","0.597","0.166",,"48","38.3","3.5","2.562","0.712",,"72","90","8","13.760","3.825""注 (1)铝及铝合金型材的尺寸,规格等摘自冶金工业部1970年颁发的《铝及铝镁合金挤压型材》."" (2)表内理论重量均按LY12合金比重(2.78)进行计算,其他材料的比重及换算系数如下:L1~L7(2.71)-0.975;"" LF2(2.68)-0.964;LF11(2.65)-0.953;LF21(2.73)-0.982;LD2(2.70)-0.971;"" LY11(2.80)-1.007;LY12(2.78)-1.000."" (3)铝型材主要生产单位有哈尔滨和西北铝加工厂等.西北铝加工厂的产品断面为100~400cm2,宽度小于530mm."" (4)铝及铝合金型材规格的表示方法是型材类别组号加序号,如XC111-4,其中,XC表示型材,后面的数字依次为"" 类别,组号,连字符后的数字为顺序号.""铝及铝合金直丁字型材""2,铝及铝合金直丁字型材(XC211)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"15","25","1","0.405","0.113",,"34","32","45","3","2.259","0.628"2,"19","50","2","1.378","0.383",,"35","32","48","2.4","1.874","0.521"3,"20","20","2","0.760","0.211",,"36","32","50","3","2.423","0.674"4,"20","30","1.5","0.740","0.206",,"37","35","32","1.5","1.000","0.278"5,"20","35","2","1.060","0.295",,"38","35","35","4","2.713","0.754"6,"20","37","2","1.117","0.311",,"39","35","40","2","1.468","0.408"7,"20","42","2","1.200","0.334",,"40","37","42","2","1.500","0.417"8,"20","42","2","1.240","0.345",,"41","38","44","5","3.910","1.087"9,"20","45","2","1.860","0.517",,"42","38","50","3.5","3.026","0.841"10,"20","90","2","2.160","0.600",,"43","38","50","4.8","3.990","1.109"11,"21","53","1.8","1.300","0.361",,"44","39","75","5","5.510","1.532"12,"22","48","1.4","1.960","0.267",,"45","40","36","5","3.350","0.933"13,"25","29","1.6","0.847","0.25",,"46","40","45","3","2.479","0.689"14,"25","35","1.5","0.890","0.247",,"47","40","45","4","3.274","0.910"15,"25","38","2.5","1.510","0.420",,"48","40","68","3","3.300","0.917"16,"25","40","2","1.280","0.356",,"49","40","130","6","9.840","2.736"17,"25","45","2.5","1.726","0.480",,"50","42","64","4","4.100","1.140"18,"25","45","3","2.019","0.561",,"51","45","40","2.2","1.860","0.517"19,"25","45","4","2.708","0.753",,"52","50","70","4","4.640","1.300"20,"25","48","1.4","1.012","0.288",,"53","51","51","2.4","2.443","0.679"21,"25","48","1.5","1.082","0.301",,"54","54","50","3","3.040","0.845"22,"25","50","2","1.499","0.417",,"55","54","68","3","3.608","1.003"23,"25","50","2.5","1.851","0.515",,"56","64","50","5","5.781","1.607"24,"26","38","2.5","1.554","0.432",,"57","63","50","2","2.320","0.645"25,"27","70","2","1.920","0.534",,"58","70","37","2","2.100","0.584"26,"29","38","1.6","1.055","0.293",,"59","70","55","2","2.460","0.684"27,"29","58","2.5","2.180","0.606",,"60","74","66","6","8.080","2.246"28,"29","58","3.5","2.991","0.831",,"61","75","40","3","3.400","0.945"29,"30","40","1.5","1.040","0.289",,"62","80","50","2","2.560","0.712"30,"30","40","2","1.370","0.381",,"63","80","60","3","4.110","1.143"31,"30","45","3","2.150","0.597",,"64","83","50","3","3.953","1.099"32,"30","56","4","3.280","0.912",,"65","90","77","10","15.700","4.365"33,"30","68","6.5","6.100","1.696""热轧铜板""1,热轧铜板(YB459-64)""厚度(mm)","宽 度 (mm)",,,,,,,,"理论重量(kg/m2) (比重:8.9)","600~900","1000~1200","1300~1500","1600~1800","1900~2200","2300~2500","2600~2800","2900~3000","最 大 长 度 (mm)""5.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"44.50""5.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"48.95""6.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"53.40""6.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"57.85""7.0","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"62.30""7.5","3500","4000","6000","6000",,,,,"66.75""8.0","4000","5000","6000","5500","4800","4200","3700","3500","71.20""9.0","4000","5000","6000","5000","4200","3700","3300","3100","80.10""10.0","4000","5000","5500","4500","3800","3300","3000","3000","89.0""11.0","4000","5000","5000","4000","3400","3300","2800",,"97.9""12.0","4000","5000","4500","3800","3100","2800",,,"106.8""13.0","4000","5000","4000","3600","2900",,,,"115.7""14.0","4000","4500","3800","3300","2700",,,,"124.6""15.0","4500","4300","3600","3100","2500",,,,"133.5""16.0","4500","4300","3400","2000","2400",,,,"142.4""17.0","4500","4000","3200","2700","2200",,,,"151.3""18.0","4500","3900","3000","2600",,,,,"160.2""19.0","4500","3700","2800","2400",,,,,"169.1""20.0","4500","3500","2600","2300",,,,,"178.0""21.0","4000","3300","2500","2200",,,,,"186.9""22.0","4000","3000","2400","2100",,,,,"195.8""23.0","4000","3000","2400","2000",,,,,"204.7""24.0","3500","2800","2200","1900",,,,,"213.6""25.0","3500","2800","2000","1800",,,,,"222.5""注 热轧板的宽度按100mm进级.""铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁工字型材(XC511)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积 (mm2)","理论重量 (kg/m)","H","B","b"1,"23","38","1.2","1.178","0.327"2,"26","34.5","3.5","3.157","0.875"3,"57","48","8","11.000","3.058"4,"68","38","2.5","3.509","0.976"5,"86","60","6","11.600","3.225""铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材""4,铝及铝合金等边等壁Z字形型材(XC411)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"12.7","15.9","1.6","0.688","0.191",,11,"38","25","3","2.613","0.726"2,"20","15","1.2","0.578","0.163",,12,"44","25","4","3.690","1.001"3,"20","15","1.5","0.721","0.200",,13,"50","19","2.5","2.102","0.584"4,"25","18","1.5","0.885","0.246",,14,"80","30","3","4.020","1.118"5,"25","23","3.5","2.267","0.630",,15,"80","35","4","5.680","1.579"6,"31","25","2.5","1.900","0.528",,16,"80","40","4","6.080","1.690"7,"32","14","1.9","1.000","0.303",,17,"100","30","3","4.620","1.284"8,"34","25","3.5","2.764","0.768",,18,"100","35","4","6.480","1.801"9,"36","26","2.5","2.075","0.577",,19,"100","40","4","6.880","1.913"10,"36","31.5","3.2","2.960","0.823""铝及铝合金槽形型材""3,铝及铝合金槽形型材(XC311)""序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)",,"序 号","主要尺寸(mm)",,,"截面面积(cm2)","理论重量(kg/m)","H","B","b",,,,,"H","B","b"1,"13","13","1.6","0.561","0.156",,"31","45","40","3","3.638","1.011"2,"13","34","3.5","2.579","0.717",,"32","46","25","5","4.300","1.195"3,"20","15","1.3","0.620","0.172",,"33","50","20","4","5.331","0.926"4,"21","28","4","2.868","0.797",,"34","50","30","2","2.120","0.589"5,"25","13","2.4","1.134","0.315",,"35","50","30","4","4.131","1.148"6,"25","15","1.5","0.795","0.221",,"36","55","25","5","4.819","1.340"7,"25","18","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"37","55","30","3","3.299","0.917"8,"25","18","2","1.140","0.317",,"38","60","25","4","4.131","1.148"9,"25","20","2.5","1.520","0.423",,"39","60","35","5","6.000","1.668"10,"25","20","4","2.280","0.634",,"40","60","40","4","4.480","1.245"11,"25","25","5","3.250","0.904",,"41","63","38.3","4.8","6.275","1.744"12,"30","15","1.5","0.870","0.242",,"42","64","38","4","5.300","1.473"13,"30","18","1.5","0.960","0.267",,"43","70","25","3","3.449","0.959"14,"30","20","2","1.335","0.371",,"44","70","25","5","5.500","1.529"15,"30","22","6","3.870","1.076",,"45","70","26","3.2","3.700","1.028"16,"32","25","1.8","1.437","0.399",,"46","70","30","4","4.931","1.371"17,"32","25","2.5","1.925","0.535",,"47","70","40","5","7.080","1.968"18,"35","20","2.5","1.770","0.492",,"48","75","45","5","7.831","2.177"19,"35","30","2","1.833","0.510",,"49","80","30","4.5","6.010","1.671"20,"38","50","5","6.560","1.824",,"50","80","35","4.5","6.414","1.783"21,"40","18","2","1.453","0.404",,"51","80","35","6","8.280","2.302"22,"40","18","2.5","1.795","0.499",,"52","80","40","4","6.131","1.704"23,"40","18","3","2.129","0.592",,"53","80","40","6","8.900","2.474"24,"40","21","4","2.960","0.823",,"54","80","60","4","7.480","2.079"25,"40","25","2","1.730","0.481",,"55","90","50","6","10.680","2.969"26,"40","25","3","2.549","0.709",,"56","100","40","6","10.080","2.802"27,"40","30","3.5","3.250","0.904",,"57","100","48","6.3","11.550","3.211"28,"40","32","3","2.978","0.828",,"58","100","50","5","9.580","2.663"29,"40","50","4","5.280","1.468",,"59","128","40","9","17.100","4.754"30,"45","20","3","2.370","0.659""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管1""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","0.25","0.30","0.40","0.50","0.60","0.80","1.0","1.2",1.4,"1.5",1.6,1.8,"2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""50",,,,,,,"1.21","1.44","1.68","1.79","1.91","2.14","2.37","2.59","2.93","3.25","3.48","3.70","4.01","4.54","5.05","5.55""(51)",,,,,,,"1.23","1.47","1.71","1.83","1.96","2.18","2.42","2.64","2.99","3.32","3.55","3.79","4.10","4.64","5.16","5.67""53",,,,,,,"1.28","1.53","1.78","1.91","2.03","2.27","2.52","2.76","3.11","3.46","3.70","3.94","4.27","4.83","5.38","5.92""(54)",,,,,,,"1.31","1.59","1.82","1.94","2.07","2.31","2.56","2.81","3.18","3.53","3.77","4.02","4.36","4.93","5.49","6.04""56",,,,,,,"1.36","1.62","1.89","2.02","2.15","2.40","2.66","2.92","3.30","3.66","3.92","4.17","4.53","5.13","5.71","6.29""(57)",,,,,,,"1.38","1.65","1.92","2.05","2.18","2.45","2.71","2.97","3.36","3.74","4.00","4.25","4.62","5.23","5.83","6.41""60",,,,,,,"1.46","1.74","2.02","2.16","2.31","2.58","2.86","3.13","3.55","3.94","4.22","4.49","4.88","5.52","6.16","6.78""63",,,,,,,"1.53","1.83","2.13","2.27","2.42","2.71","3.01","3.30","3.72","4.15","4.44","4.73","5.13","5.81","6.49","7.14""65",,,,,,,"1.58","1.89","2.20","2.35","2.50","2.80","3.11","3.40","3.85","4.29","4.59","4.89","5.31","6.02","6.71","7.40""(68)",,,,,,,"1.65","1.98","2.36","2.46","2.62","2.93","3.26","3.57","4.04","4.49","4.81","5.12","5.57","6.31","7.05","7.77""70",,,,,,,"1.70","2.03","2.37","2.53","2.70","3.02","3.35","3.68","4.16","4.36","4.96","5.23","5.74","6.51","7.27","8.01""(73)",,,,,,,"1.78","2.12","2.47","2.64","2.82","3.16","3.50","3.84","4.35","4.84","5.18","5.52","6.00","6.81","7.60","8.38""75",,,,,,,"1.82","2.18","2.54","2.71","2.90","3.24","3.60","3.95","4.46","4.97","5.32","5.68","6.17","7.00","7.82","8.62""(76)",,,,,,,"1.85","2.21","2.57","2.76","2.94","3.29","3.65","4.00","4.53","5.05","5.40","5.75","6.26","7.10","7.93","8.75""80",,,,,,,,,"2.71","2.90","3.09","3.47","3.84","4.22","4.77","5.32","5.69","6.07","6.60","7.49","8.37","9.24""(83)",,,,,,,,,"2.82","3.02","3.21","3.60","4.00","4.37","4.96","5.52","5.92","6.31","6.86","7.79","8.71","9.62""85",,,,,,,,,"2.88","3.08","3.29","3.69","4.09","4.48","5.08","5.66","6.06","6.46","7.04","7.98","8.93","9.83""(89)",,,,,,,,,"3.02","3.24","3.45","3.86","4.29","4.70","5.33","5.94","6.36","6.77","7.38","8.38","9.38","10.33""90",,,,,,,,,"3.05","3.27","3.49","3.91","4.34","4.76","5.39","6.01","6.43","6.86","7.47","8.47","9.49","10.47""95",,,,,,,,,"3.21","3.46","3.68","4.13","4.59","5.02","5.70","6.36","6.81","7.26","7.90","8.98","10.04","11.10"100,,,,,,,,,"3.40","3.64","3.88","4.35","4.83","5.30","6.00","6.70","7.17","7.65","8.32","9.46","10.59","11.70""(102)",,,,,,,,,"3.46","3.73","3.97","4.45","4.93","5.40","6.13","6.84","7.32","7.81","8.50","9.67","10.82","11.96""(108)",,,,,,,,,"3.67","3.95","4.21","4.72","5.23","5.74","6.50","7.25","7.77","8.29","9.02","10.26","11.49","12.70"110,,,,,,,,,"3.74","4.03","4.28","4.81","5.32","5.84","6.62","7.39","7.92","8.43","9.19","10.46","11.70","12.93"120,,,,,,,,,,"4.36","4.66","5.25","5.83","6.38","7.24","8.07","8.66","9.22","10.06","11.44","12.93","14.30"125,,,,,,,,,,,,"5.46","6.06","6.64","7.54","8.42","9.02","9.61","10.50","11.91","13.37","14.80"130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"7.86","8.78","9.40","10.00","10.92","12.43","13.92","15.48""(133)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"8.05","8.98","9.59","10.25","11.18","12.75","14.26","15.75"140,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.11","10.79","11.80","13.42","15.05","16.65"150,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"10.85","11.52","12.65","14.39","16.11","17.85"160,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"13.53","15.38","17.25","19.09"170,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"14.31","16.31","18.35","20.30"180,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"15.20","17.30","19.50","21.59"190,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"18.29","20.60","22.80"200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"19.67","21.65","24.00""冷拔(轧)无缝钢管2""2,冷拔(轧)无缝钢管(YB231-70)""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)","3.0","3.2","3.5","4.0","4.5","5.0","5.5","6.0","6.5","7.0","7.5","8.0","8.5","9","9.5","10",11,12,"钢 管 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""5""6""7""8""9""10","0.518","0.536","0.561""11","0.592","0.615","0.647""12","0.666","0.694","0.734","0.789""(13)","0.740","0.774","0.820","0.888""14","0.814","0.852","0.906","0.986""(15)","0.888","0.932","0.993","1.09","1.17","1.23""16","0.962","1.10","1.08","1.18","1.28","1.35""(17)","1.04","1.09","1.17","1.28","1.39","1.48""18","1.11","1.17","1.25","1.38","1.50","1.60""(19)","1.18","1.25","1.34","1.48","1.61","1.73","1.54","1.92""20","1.26","1.33","1.42","1.58","1.72","1.85","1.97","2.07""(21)","1.33","1.41","1.51","1.68","1.83","1.97","2.10","2.22""22","1.41","1.49","1.60","1.77","1.94","2.10","2.24","2.37""(23)","1.48","1.57","1.68","1.87","2.05","2.22","2.37","2.52""(24)","1.55","1.64","1.77","1.97","2.16","2.34","2.51","2.66","2.81","2.93""25","1.63","1.72","1.86","2.07","2.28","2.47","2.64","2.81","2.97","3.11""(27)","1.78","1.88","2.03","2.27","2.50","2.71","2.92","3.11","3.29","3.45""28","1.85","1.96","2.11","2.37","2.61","2.84","3.05","3.26","3.45","3.68""29","1.92","2.02","2.20","2.47","2.72","2.96","3.19","3.40","3.60","3.80","3.98""30","2.00","2.12","2.29","2.56","2.83","3.08","3.32","3.55","3.77","3.97","4.16","4.34""32","2.15","1.28","2.46","2.76","3.05","3.33","3.59","3.85","4.09","4.32","4.53","4.74""34","2.29","2.43","2.63","2.96","3.27","3.58","3.87","4.14","4.41","4.66","4.90","5.13""(35)","2.37","2.51","2.72","3.06","3.38","3.70","4.00","4.29","4.57","4.83","5.09","5.33""36","2.44","2.59","2.81","3.16","3.50","3.82","4.14","4.44","4.73","5.01","5.27","5.52""38","2.59","2.75","2.98","3.35","3.72","4.07","4.41","4.74","5.05","5.35","5.64","5.92","6.18","6.44""40","2.74","2.91","3.15","3.55","3.94","4.32","4.68","5.03","5.37","5.70","6.01","6.31","6.60","6.88""42","2.89","3.07","3.32","3.75","4.16","4.56","4.95","5.33","5.69","6.04","6.38","6.71","7.02","7.32""44.5","3.07","3.25","3.54","4.00","4.44","4.87","5.29","5.70","6.09","6.47","6.84","7.20","7.55","7.88""45","3.11","3.31","3.58","4.04","4.49","4.93","5.36","5.77","6.17","6.56","6.94","7.30","7.65","7.99","8.32","8.63""48","3.33","3.54","3.84","4.34","4.83","5.30","5.76","6.21","6.65","7.08","7.49","7.89","8.28","8.66","9.03","9.57""水,煤气输送钢管""1,水,煤气输送钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)234-63]""公称内径",,"钢 管 螺 纹",,"外径 (mm)","普通管",,"加厚管""mm","(in.)",,"壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)","壁厚 (mm)","理论重量 (不计管接头) (kg/m)""6","1/8''","10","2","0.89","2.50","0.46""8","1/4''","13.5","2.25","0.62","2.75","0.73""10","3/8''","17","2.25","0.82","2.75","0.97""15","1/2''","21.25","2.75","1.25","3.25","1.44""20","3/4''","26.75","2.75","1.63","3.5","2.01""25","1''","33.5","3.25","2.42","4","2.91""32","1 1''/4","42.25","3.25","3.13","4","3.77""40","1 1''/2","48","3.5","3.84","4.25","4.58""50","2''","60","3.5","4.88","4.5","6.16""70","2 1''/2","75.5","3.75","6.64","4.5","7.88""80","3''","88.5","4","8.34","4.75","9.81""100","4''","114","4","10.85","5","13.44""125","5''","140","4.5","15.04","5.5","18.24""150","6''","165","4.5","17.81","5.5","21.63""注(1)表列钢管是适用于输送水,煤气及采暖系统等用的钢管.分镀锌和不镀锌(黑管)两种;又分带螺纹和"" 不带螺纹两种;按壁厚可分为普通钢管,加厚钢管和薄壁钢管."" (2)钢管的长度规定为:无螺纹的黑管4~12m;带螺纹的黑管和镀锌管4~9m.每批允许有10%的(按根数计算)"" 2~4m长的短尺钢管或4~9m米长的接管(即用一个管接头将两根钢管连接而成)."" (3)经供需双方协议,可供应定尺长度或倍尺长度的钢管.其最大长度可到8m.按倍尺交货的钢管,每个单"" 倍尺应留切口5~10mm."" (4)钢管用易焊接的软钢制造,钢号和制造方法(炉焊或电焊)均由制造厂选择."" (5)钢管应能承受下列规定压力的水压试验:普通钢管和薄壁钢管:20kg/cm2;加厚钢管30kg/cm2.""电丝套管""2,电丝套管规格,重量表""名称","外径 (mm)","近似内径 (mm)","管壁厚度 (mm)","重量 (kg/m)","每吨长度 (m/t)""5/8''","15.9","12.3","1.8","0.626","1597.44""3/4''","19.1","15.5","1.8","0.627","1302.08""1''","25.4","21.8","1.8","0.628","954.20""1 1''/4","31.8","28.2","1.8","0.629","750.75""1 1''/2","38.1","34.5","1.8","0.630","620.73""电焊钢管""电焊钢管规格,重量表[冶标(YB)242-68]""外径 (mm)","壁 厚 (mm)",0.5,0.6,0.8,"1.0","1.2","1.4","1.5","1.6","1.8","2.0","2.2","2.5","2.8","3.0","3.2","3.5","3.8","4.0",4.2,4.5,4.8,"5.0",5.5,"钢 管 的 理 论 重 量 (kg/m)""(5)","0.055","0.065","0.083","0.099""(6)","0.068","0.080","0.108","0.123""(7)","0.080","0.095","0.122","0.148""(8)","0.092","0.110","0.142","0.173","(0.202)""(9)","0.105","0.125","0.162","0.197","0.231""10","0.117","0.139","0.182","0.222","(0.261)""(11)","0.129","0.154","0.201","0.247","0.290""12","0.142","0.169","0.221","0.271","0.320","0.365","(0.388)","0.411""(13)",,"0.184","0.241","0.296","0.349","0.400","0.425","0.451""(14)",,"0.199","0.260","0.321","0.379","0.434","0.462","0.490""15",,"0.214","0.280","0.345","0.409","0.468","(0.499)","0.529""16",,"0.228","0.300","0.370","0.438","0.503","(0.536)","0.568""(17)",,"0.244","0.320","0.395","0.468","0.537","0.573","0.608""18",,"0.258","0.340","0.419","0.497","0..572","(0.610)","0.647","(0.717)","(0.789)""(19)",,"0.274","0.359","0.444","0.527","0

冷轧：用热轧钢卷为原料，经酸洗去除氧化皮后进行冷连轧，其成品为轧硬卷，由于连续冷变形引起的冷作硬化使轧硬卷的强度、硬度上升、韧塑指标下降，因此冲压性能将恶化，只能用于简单变形的零件。轧硬卷可作为热镀锌厂的原料，因为热镀锌机组均设置有退火线。轧硬卷重一般在20-40吨，钢卷在常温下，对热轧酸洗卷进行连续轧制。内径为610mm。　　　　产品特点：因为没有经过退火处理，其硬度很高（HRB大于90），机械加工性能极差，只能进行简单的有方向性的小于90度的折弯加工（垂直于卷取方向）。　　　　简单来说，冷轧，是在热轧板卷的基础上加工轧制出来的，一般来讲是热轧---酸洗---冷轧这样的加工过程。　　　　冷轧是在常温状态下由热轧板加工而成，虽然在加工过程因为轧制也会使钢板升温，尽管如此还是叫冷轧。由于热轧经过连续冷变型而成的冷轧，在机械性能比较差，硬度太高。必须经过退火才能恢复其机械性能，没有退火的叫轧硬卷。轧硬卷一般是用来做无需折弯，拉伸的产品，1.0以下厚度轧硬的运气好的两边或者四边折弯。　　　　冷轧一般都会经过退火处理。

冷轧薄钢板，简称冷轧钢板、冷轧薄板、冷轧板、冷板等。它还包括不锈钢板、弹簧钢板、硬钢片、镀锌板、镀锡板、镀铝板等。冷轧薄钢带，简称冷轧钢带、冷轧带钢、钢带、带钢、薄钢带、冷轧卷等。还包括不锈钢带、镀锌钢带、镀锡钢带等。 冷轧钢板标准 冷轧薄钢板、钢带（以下简称冷轧薄板）主要用于零件的冲压加工，而冷轧薄板的力学性能十分重要，它直接关系到板材的冲压性能。冷轧薄板是以不同的热处理状态分级的，不同硬度的材料，用于不同的加工方法，国家标准GB/T 13237-1991《优质碳素结构钢冷轧薄钢板和钢带》将冷轧薄板大致分为三级，P级用于普通冲压，S级用于深度冲压，Z级用于最深度冲压。中国冶金标准YB/T 5059-1993《低碳钢冷轧钢带》将薄钢板按硬度分为五级，即：TR（特级）、R（软）、BR（半软）、DY（低硬）和Y（冷硬）。其实通过一定的冷轧变形程度和冷轧后热处理的恰当配合，可以在广泛的范围内满足用户关于材料力学性能方面的要求。冷轧薄板根据用户加工上的要求可以分成更多的级别。例如：日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》的分类除分为一般用（spcc）、冲压用(spcd)和深冲压用（spce）三类外，还细分为退火、标准调质、1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬、全硬等级别。 在冷轧薄板力学性能的检测方面，一些标准只规定了拉伸试验，另一些标准除拉伸试验外还规定了硬度试验。 中国标准GB/T 13237-1991就只规定了拉伸试验，技术要求冷轧钢板标准如表一所示：牌号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率不小于拉延级别Z－S和PZSP08F275～365275～38034323008,08Al,10F275～390275～41032302810295～410295～43030392815F315～430315～45029282715335～450335～47027262520355～490335～50026252425——390～540——242330——440～590——222135——490～635——201940——510～650————1845——530～680————1650——540～715————14 日本标准JIS G3141-1996《冷轧碳素钢钢板和钢带》（该标准中包含了冷轧薄钢板和钢带）规定了拉伸试验，也规定了硬度试验，该标准的力学性能要求如下：表二：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的拉伸试验质牌号抗拉强度/MPa 不小于 伸长率/%不小于试样按以下公称厚度/mm>=0.250.250.400.601.01.6>=2.5SPCC SPCD SPCE(270) 270 270(32) 34 36(34) 36 3836 38 40　 37 39 41 　　 (38) 40 42 　39 41 435号试样轧制方向 表三：标准调质和退火的钢板、钢带的硬度值。调质区分符号 硬度最大HRBHV退火A57105标准调质S65115 注：厚度小于0.6mm的钢板和钢带，原则上不进行拉伸试验。 表四：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬材料的拉伸试验值。调质区分 符号 抗拉强度/MPa伸长率/%最小试样1/8硬8294～410255号试样轧制方向1/4硬4370～490101/2硬2440～590——硬1>=550——     表五：1/8硬、1/4硬、1/2硬和全硬状态的硬度值。调质区分符号HRBHV1/8硬 1/4硬8450～7165～8095～130 115～1501/2硬 硬2174～89 ≥85135～185 ≥170注：HRB和HV，仅选用其中之一。英国标准BS 1449/1.9-1991《厚板、薄板和钢带第一部分：碳素钢和碳锰钢厚板、薄板和钢带具有成形性能的冷轧窄钢带技术条件》对冷轧板分级为CS1（铝镇静稳定化超深冲）、CS2（超深冲）、CS3（深冲）、CS4（折边）、CS15（商品级）。这项标准的力学性能要求如表六所示： 表六：钢材交货时的力学性能轧制状态和级别退火（A）或平整冷轧（SP）状态硬度HV1)2)最大屈服强度Re1)/MPa最小抗拉强度Rm1)/MPa最小伸长率A1)/%最小弯心直径1)（180°弯曲）原始标距LO50mm80mmCS1A9514027038（36）0aSP10514027036（34）0aCS2A9514027036（34）0a SP10014027036（34）0aCS3A100（140）（280）（34）（32）0aSP110（140）（280）（34）（32）0aCS4A105（140）（280）——0aSP115（140）（280）——0a 注：1）窄钢带交货应符合，或者硬度和弯曲试验，或者拉伸和弯曲试验，但硬度和拉伸试验不应同时进行。     2）对于SP（平整冷轧）状态，与镀层精整（PL）或镜面光洁度（MF），或以“无拉伸痕”交货的钢材组合，最大硬度可以提高5个HV或抗拉强度可以提高20MPa。     3）牌号CS2、CS3和CS4的硬度值仅适用于沸腾钢。 如上所述冷轧薄板的力学性能可以通过拉伸试验来检测，也可以通过硬度试验来检测。由于硬度试验设备简单、易于掌握，试验效率高，并且金属硬度与强度之间有一定的对应关系，所以硬度检测是确定材料力学性能的更方便的方法。冷轧薄板的硬度检测可以用于冷轧板生产过程的质量控制，更适于生产冲压产品的厂家对原材料进行力学性能的复检。 日本工业标准JIS G3141-1996规定的硬度试验是洛氏硬度HRB和维氏硬度HV。维氏硬度试验可用于冷轧薄板，但洛氏硬度HRB却不适用于测试薄板材料。因为当板材厚度小于2mm时，测试HRB硬度可能会因为发生“测砧效应”而使测量的硬度值失准。对于薄板材料，可以测试表面洛氏硬度HRN或HRT，然后换算成HRB或HV硬度。冷轧钢板标准生产了一种便携式表面洛氏硬度计，它非常适合测试薄板和钢带材料，它可以在生产现场、销售现场或材料仓库快速进行冷轧薄板材料的洛氏硬度检测，完成一次测量仅需要10秒钟时间，检测的板材厚度范围为0.05-50mm。这种仪器可以用在冷轧薄板带的生产线上，对产品的热处理效果进行在线的质量控制。这种仪器更适用于冲压产品的生产厂家。可以用它对购入的板材硬度进行复检，可以携带它去钢材市场选购材料，也可以利用它对自己厂生产的冲压产品进行硬度检测。 这种仪器如果配上一个支承座，还可以放到办公桌上使用。可以对成批的成品或半成品工件做逐件检测。它的测试精度与台式洛氏硬度计相同。 目前冷轧薄带材料正在向超薄方向发展，据报道，上海宝钢已扎制出厚度为0.08mm的冷轧薄板带材。采用本所生产的PHR-1S型表面洛氏硬度计，配一个金刚点砧座，就可测试薄至0.05mm冷轧薄板带材料的硬度。 这种应用完全可以取代维氏硬度计，使冷轧薄板材料的力学性能检测实现快速、简便、经济。

冷轧镀锌板，是一种镀锌钢板。钢板按轧制分为热轧和冷轧两种。冷轧板是平板状的，矩形的，可直接轧制而成的。冷轧是在室温条件下将钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最小厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，大部份工厂如保定普瑞钢材冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和 市场 需求而决定。冷轧和热轧的区别： 1、冷轧成型钢允许截面出现局部屈曲，从而可以充分利用杆件屈曲后的承载力；而热轧型钢不允许截面发生局部屈曲。2、热轧型钢和冷轧型钢残余应力产生的原因不同，所以截面上的分布也有很大差异。冷弯薄壁型钢截面上的残余应力分布是弯曲型的，而热扎型钢或焊接型钢截面上残余应力分布是薄膜型。3、热轧型钢的自由扭转刚度比冷轧型钢高，所以热轧型钢的抗扭性能要优于冷轧型钢。冷轧的优缺点：优点：成型速度快、 产量 高，且不损伤涂层，可以做成多种多样的截面形式，以适应使用条件的需要；冷轧可以使钢材产生很大的塑性变形，从而提高了钢材的屈服点。缺点: 1.虽然成型过程中没有经过热态塑性压缩，但截面内仍然存在残余应力，对钢材整体和局部屈曲的特性必然产生影响；2.冷轧型钢样式一般为开口截面，使得截面的自由扭转刚度较低。在受弯时容易出现扭转，受压时容易出现弯扭屈曲，抗扭性能较差；3.冷轧成型钢壁厚较小，在板件衔接的转角处又没有加厚，承受局部性的集中荷载的能力弱。冷轧镀锌板用于汽车、冰箱、洗衣机等家电，以及 产业 设备、各种建筑材料。

铍铜颜色,一般会显示出红色或者黄色2种颜色，但铍铜的颜色应该是黄色的，产生红色铍铜的原因是：实铍铜在做成成品的时候其最原始的出货颜色是黄色的，铍铜要从化学的成分上看也就知道拉铍铜的大概的色泽是怎么样的，那么为什么会有采购商认为铍铜本身的基色是红色的呐，原因就在铍铜后期的存放和加工的方面；一般情况下铍铜不会做库房存放的特别的保护措施，存放时间长了铍铜的表面会被轻微氧化；同时铍铜也会被加工人员拿来拿去频繁的接触铍铜表面造成人为的表面色泽变化，而这种变化也造成了采购商对铍铜色泽的初步认知；在这里我想说一种以铜为基体的合金材料他的颜色不会有什么大的变化的，除非铜所占的比列偏低，其他元素比列高，那么颜色会有变化，而铍铜的铍含量只是1.8-2.1, 铜在97左右，颜色没有什么明显的变化的，如果大家仔细的看质检证书，就会发现很少有厂家把颜色也作为一个检测标准来标注的。铍铜是以铍为主要合金元素的铜合金，又称之为铍青铜。铍铜是铜合金中性能最好的高级有弹性材料，有很高的强度、弹性、硬度、疲劳强度、弹性滞后小、耐蚀、耐磨、耐寒、高导电、无磁性、冲击不产生火花等一系列优良的物理、化学和力学性能。铍铜是一种过饱和固溶体铜基合金，是机械性能，物理性能，化学性能及抗蚀性能良好结合的 有色 合金，经固溶和时效处理后，具有与特殊钢相当的高强度极限，弹性极限，屈服极限和疲劳极限，同时又具备有高的导电率，导热率，高硬度和耐磨性，高的蠕变抗力及耐蚀性，广泛应用于制造各类模具镶嵌件，替代钢材制作精度高，形状复杂的模具，焊接电极材料，压铸机，注塑机冲头，耐磨耐蚀工作等。铍铜带应用于微电机电刷，手机、电池、产品上，是国民经济建设不可缺少的重要工业材料。所以说铍铜颜色出现黄色和红色都是正常的，因为在生产和存放过程中出现了氧化的化学反应，是颜色发生变化。

硫酸锌颜色是什么?小编来告诉您,硫酸锌是无色斜方晶体、颗粒或粉末，无气味，味涩.在了解了硫酸锌颜色之后,我们一起来了解下硫酸锌的其它信息吧!硫酸锌的化学品英文名称： zinc sulfate heptahydrate 硫酸锌的分子式：ZnSO4，硫酸锌的分子量：287.54，硫酸锌溶液是无色无味的。硫酸锌的有害物成分是CAS No。硫酸锌的健康危害： 本品对眼有中等度刺激性，对皮肤无刺激性。误服可引起恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等急性胃肠炎症状，严重时发生脱水、休克，甚至可致死亡。灭火方法： 消防人员必须穿全身防火防毒服，在上风向灭火。灭火时尽可能将容器从火场移至空旷处。然后根据着火原因选择适当灭火剂灭火。应急处理： 隔离泄漏污染区，限制出入。建议应急处理人员戴防尘口罩，穿一般作业工作服。不要直接接触泄漏物。小量泄漏：避免扬尘，小心扫起，收集运至废物处理场所处置。大量泄漏：收集回收或运至废物处理场所处置。操作注意事项： 密闭操作，局部排风。防止粉尘释放到车间空气中。操作人员必须经过专门培训，严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩，戴化学安全防护眼镜，穿橡胶耐酸碱服，戴橡胶耐酸碱手套。避免产生粉尘。避免与氧化剂接触。配备泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。废弃处置方法： 量小时，溶解在水或适当的酸溶液中，或用适当氧化剂将其转变成水溶液。用硫化物沉淀，调节PH至7 完成沉淀。滤出固体硫化物回收或做掩埋处置。用次氯酸钠中和过量的硫化物，然后冲入下水道。小编相信,以上咨询不仅能帮助您了解硫酸锌颜色,更让大家普及了硫酸锌的其他知识.

铝塑板颜色：铝塑板材料一旦成品下生产线,那么其颜色就是固定的,除了有一款新产品称之为变色龙外,其他颜色均是不能更换的.如果说想改变其颜色有两种做法,一种是在其原来颜色表面采用喷涂方式,将所喜欢的颜色油漆均匀喷在材料表面;另一种是拆除原来的材料,更换成所新选择的颜色铝塑板粘上或挂上面即可.铝塑板颜色种类：常规色有30种闪银、哑光银灰、香槟银、象牙白、高光乳白、乳白、调色白、翠玉银、元宝金、中国红、兰色、孔雀兰、鼠灰、黑金砂、苏宁黄、苏宁兰等，当然不同品牌的颜色也会有一些不同。厚度现在外墙用4mm的比较多，当然也有3mm的，还有加厚的，根据您的需求不同厚度也不同。 

磷铜颜色“镀白磷铜”应该是指“表面有白色镀层的磷铜”。“镀白”和“磷铜”应单独理解。镀白---镀层外观颜色为白色。镀材不同或钝化膜不同，镀层的外观颜色也不同。电器用磷铜镀锡不钝化即为白色。磷铜---含磷的铜。磷铜易于锡焊且弹性良好，常见用于电器。确实有“白磷”这种物质，是元素“磷（元素符号P）”的同素异构体之一，极易燃，剧毒，在空气中可自燃，平常人难以见到。“红磷”常见。更磷铜颜色请详见上海 有色金属 网 

白铜颜色白铜以镍为主要合金元素的铜基合金，因多数呈银白色而得名。铜和镍能无限互溶形成连续固溶体。铜中加镍能显著提高耐蚀性、强度、硬度、电阻、热电势，并降低电阻率温度系数。在铜合金中，白铜因耐蚀性优异,且易于塑性加工和焊接,广泛用于造船、石油、化工、电力、精密仪表、医疗器械等部门作耐蚀结构件。某些白铜还有特殊的电学性能，可制作电阻元件、热电偶材料和补偿导线。 白铜可分为简单白铜和复杂白铜两类。按用途又可分为结构白铜和精密电阻合金用白铜。在结构白铜中，最常用的是B30、B10和锌白铜,另外,还有铝白铜、铁白铜和铌白铜等。典型白铜的成分和性能见表2。B30在白铜中耐蚀性最强，但 价格 较贵。铝白铜的性能同B30接近， 价格 低廉,可作B30的代用品。锌白铜于15世纪时就已在中国生产使用，被称为“中国银”，所谓镍银或德银也属此类锌白铜。这种合金具有高的强度和耐蚀性,弹性也较好,外表美观， 价格 低廉。在精密电阻用白铜中，重要的有BMn 3-12锰铜、BMn 40-1.5康铜、BMn 43-0.5考铜以及以锰代镍的新康铜(又称无镍锰白铜，含锰10.8～12.5％、铝2.5～4.5％、铁1.0～1.6％)。这类合金具有高的电阻率和低的电阻率温度系数，适于制作标准电阻和精密电阻元件。康铜和考铜的热电势高，还可用作热电偶和补偿导线。 更多关于白铜颜色清详见上海 有色金属 网

冷轧钢板就是经过冷轧生产的钢板。冷轧是在室温条件下将No.1钢板进一步轧薄至为目标厚度的钢板。和热轧钢板比较，冷轧钢板厚度更加精确，而且表面光滑、漂亮，同时还具有各种优越的机械性能，特别是加工性能方面。因为冷轧原卷比较脆硬，冷轧钢板的密度不太适合加工，所以通常情况下冷轧钢板要求经过退火、酸洗及表面平整之后才交给客户。冷轧最大厚度是0.1--8.0MM以下，如大部份工厂冷轧钢板厚度是4.5MM以下；最少厚度、宽度是根据各工厂的设备能力和市场需求而决定。冷轧钢板的密度：热轧钢板含碳量可比冷轧钢板略高些。在成份相持不大的情况下密度是一样的。但如果成份相差悬殊，如不锈钢不论冷轧、热轧密度都在7.9g/cm3左右。具体还要看成份，热轧只是延展性更好，钢材同样受到压力作用

 白铜的颜色?答:  白铜以镍为主要合金元素的铜基合金，因多数呈银白色而得名。铜和镍能无限互溶形成连续固溶体。铜中加镍能显著提高耐蚀性、强度、硬度、电阻、热电势，并降低电阻率温度系数。在铜合金中，白铜因耐蚀性优异,且易于塑性加工和焊接,广泛用于造船、石油、化工、电力、精密仪表、医疗器械等部门作耐蚀结构件。某些白铜还有特殊的电学性能，可制作电阻元件、热电偶材料和补偿导线。 白铜可分为简单白铜和复杂白铜两类。按用途又可分为结构白铜和精密电阻合金用白铜。在结构白铜中，最常用的是B30、B10和锌白铜,另外,还有铝白铜、铁白铜和铌白铜等。典型白铜的成分和性能见表2。B30在白铜中耐蚀性最强，但 价格 较贵。铝白铜的性能同B30接近， 价格 低廉,可作B30的代用品。锌白铜于15世纪时就已在中国生产使用，被称为“中国银”，所谓镍银或德银也属此类锌白铜。这种合金具有高的强度和耐蚀性,弹性也较好,外表美观， 价格 低廉。在精密电阻用白铜中，重要的有BMn 3-12锰铜、BMn 40-1.5康铜、BMn 43-0.5考铜以及以锰代镍的新康铜(又称无镍锰白铜，含锰10.8～12.5％、铝2.5～4.5％、铁1.0～1.6％)。这类合金具有高的电阻率和低的电阻率温度系数，适于制作标准电阻和精密电阻元件。康铜和考铜的热电势高，还可用作热电偶和补偿导线。白铜多数是呈银白色的.更多白铜信息请详见上海 有色金属 网   

铜合金颜色    纯铜外观呈紫红色，密度为8.92g/cm3，熔点1083℃，导电、导热性能很好；面心立方晶格，无同素异构转变；塑性高，强度低，低温下塑性、韧性好。    铜(Copper)及铜合金(Copper-based alloys)按颜色分为：紫铜(Red Copper)，黄铜(Brasses)，青铜(Bronzes)和白铜(Copper-nickel alloys)。    紫铜又分为工业纯铜（含氧铜）和无氧铜二种。    目前，我国工业纯铜有四个牌号：T1(99.95%Cu), T2(99.90%Cu), T3(99.70%Cu), T4(99.50)。T1, T2主要用作导电材料和配制高纯度铜合金；T3, T4用作一般铜材及铜合金。工业纯铜的含氧量为：0.02% ~0.1%，氧在铜中以氧化铜的形式存在。    无氧铜的含氧量极低（≤0.003%），其牌号用TU表示，如TU1, TU2。用真空去氧得到的无氧铜称为真空铜，用TK表示。无氧铜主要用于电真空器件，仪器、仪表材料。    黄铜是以锌(Zn)为主要合金元素的铜合金，牌号用H表示，后面的数字为平均含铜量。如H62，表示平均含铜量为62%的普通黄铜。在Cu-Zn合金基础上加入其他合金元素的黄铜，称为特殊黄铜。其牌号中标出所加合金元素的符号及含量，如HPb59-1，表示平均成分为59%Cu, 1%Pb, 其余为锌(40%Zn)的特殊黄铜（又称为铅黄铜。另外还有锰黄铜、锡黄铜、硅黄铜、铝黄铜等）。    白铜是以镍(Ni)为主要合金元素的铜合金，其牌号用B表示，后面的数字为镍的平均含量。如， B19， 表示含镍19%的普通白铜。特种白铜白铜有铁白铜、锌白铜、铝白铜、锰白铜等。如BFe5-1，表示含镍5%，含铁1%，余为铜的铁白铜。    白铜根据用途不同又可以分为耐蚀结构用白铜和电工白铜两类。常用的耐蚀结构白铜有B5、B19和B30等牌号。这类白铜最大的特点是在各种腐蚀介质，如海水、有机酸和各种盐溶液中具有高的化学稳定性，适宜用作船舶用耐蚀零件及高温高压下工作的管道。    电工白铜具有极高的电阻、电阻温度系数极小。广泛用来制造电阻器、热电偶、补偿导线和精密测量仪器的电工材料。常用的电工白铜有B0.6、B16、BMn3-12（锰铜）、BMn40-1.5（康铜）及BMn43-0.5（考铜）等。    青铜是以除锌、镍以外的合金元素作为主要合金元素的铜合金。青铜又分为锡青铜和无锡青铜（又称为特殊青铜）。无锡青铜有铝青铜、铍青铜、铅青铜、硅青铜等。

纯铜颜色为紫红色。铜是古代就已经知道的 金属 之一。一般认为人类知道的第一种 金属 是金，其次就是铜。铜在自然界储量非常丰富，并且加工方便。铜是人类用于生产的第一种 金属 ，最初人们使用的只是存在于自然界中的天然单质铜，用石斧把它砍下来，便可以锤打成多种器物。随着生产的发展，只是使用天然铜制造的生产工具就不敷应用了，生产的发展促使人们找到了从铜矿中取得铜的方法。含铜的矿物比较多见，大多具有鲜艳而引人注目的颜色，例如：金黄色的黄铜矿CuFeS2，鲜绿色的孔雀石CuCO3Cu(OH)2，深蓝色的石青2CuCO3Cu(OH)2，赤铜矿Cu2O，辉铜矿Cu2S等，把这些矿石在空气中焙烧后形成氧化铜CuO，再用碳还原，就得到 金属 铜。纯铜是一种坚韧、柔软、富有延展性的紫红色而有光泽的 金属 ，又被称为紫铜。铜的颜色很像金，但发红，铜离子的颜色为蓝色。有剧毒，不过，用特定加工法加工的铜没有毒。铜在干燥空气中安定，可保持 金属 光泽。但在潮湿空气中，表面会生成一层铜绿（碱式碳酸铜，分子式：Cu2(OH)2CO3），保护内层的铜不再被氧化。铜是人体健康不可缺少的微量营养素，对于血液、中枢神经和免疫系统，头发、皮肤和骨骼组织以及脑子和肝、心等内脏的发育和功能有重要影响。铜主要从日常饮食中摄入。世界卫生组织建议，为了维持健康，成人每公斤体重每天应摄入0.03毫克铜。孕妇和婴幼儿应加倍。缺铜会弓I起各种疾病，可以服用含铜补剂和药丸来加以补充。铜在人体内含量约100～150mg，血清铜正常值100～120μg/dl，是人体中含量位居第二的必需微量元素。含铜的酶有酪氨酸酶、单胺氧化酶、超氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、血铜蓝蛋白等。铜对血红蛋白的形成起活化作用，促进铁的吸收和利用，在传递电子、弹性蛋白的合成、结缔组织的代谢、嘌呤代谢、磷脂及神经组织形成方面有重要意义。铜缺乏可引起如下疾病：1、贫血 　　一般最常见的临床表现为头晕、乏力、易倦、耳鸣、眼花。皮肤黏膜及指甲等颜色苍白，体力活动后感觉气促、心悸。严重贫血时，即使在休息时也出现气短和心悸，在心尖和心底部可听到柔和的收缩期杂音。 　　2、骨骼改变 　　临床表现为骨质疏松，易发生骨折。 　　3、铜与冠心病 　　4、铜与白癜风病 　　5、女性不孕症 　　人体缺铜可适量增加摄入含铜较高的食物，如鱼、虾、蟹、玉米、豆制品等。铜离子可以消毒杀菌、卫生防疫。例如：可以杀灭易于在水中滋生的大肠杆菌和痢疾等病菌，清除水中传播血吸虫病的蛞蝓和螺等软体动物，以及传播疟疾的蚊子幼虫等疾病携带体。它还可以应用在游泳池内，防止绿藻污染和通过地板传染足癣等等。纯铜颜色根据纯度的不同以及杂质的不同又会有黄色、绿色。 

纯铜的颜色为紫红色，并具有光泽。纯铜富有延展性，象一滴水那么大小的纯铜，可拉成长达两公里的细丝，或压延成比床还大的几乎透明的箔。另外，纯铜最可贵的性质是导电性能非常好，在所有的 金属 中仅次于银，但铜比银便宜得多，因此纯铜成了电气工业的“主角”。每年有50％的铜被电解提纯为纯铜，用于电气工业。铜中含氧(炼铜时容易混入少量氧)对导电率影响很大，用于电气工业的铜一般都必须是无氧铜。另外，铅、锑、铋等杂质会使铜的结晶不能结合在一起，造成热脆，也会影响纯铜的加工。这种纯度很高的纯铜，一般用电解法精制：把不纯铜(即粗铜)作阳极，纯铜作阴极，以硫酸铜溶液为电解液。当电流通过后，阳极上不纯的铜逐渐熔解，纯铜便逐渐沉淀在阴极上。这样精制而得的铜；纯度可达99.99％。铜是一种化学元素，它的原子序数是29，常见化合价+1和+2，电离能7.726电子伏特，是一种过渡 金属 。铜的密度8.92克/立方厘米，熔点1083.4±0.2℃，沸点2567℃。铜可用于制造多种合金:黄铜:黄铜是铜与锌的合金，因色黄而得名。黄铜的机械性能和耐磨性能都很好，可用于制造精密仪器、船舶的零件、枪炮的弹壳等。黄铜敲起来声音好听，因此锣、钹、铃、号等乐器都是用黄铜制做的。青铜:铜与锡的合金叫青铜，因色青而得名。青铜一般具有较好的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性、铸造性和优良的机械性能。用于制造精密轴承、高压轴承、船舶上抗海水腐蚀的机械零件以及各种板材、管材、棒材等。青铜还有一个反常的特性——“热缩冷胀”，用来铸造塑像，冷却后膨胀，可以使眉目更清楚。白铜:白铜是铜与镍的合金，其色泽和银一样，银光闪闪，不易生锈。常用于制造硬币、电器、仪表和装饰品。十八开金（18K金）:6/24的铜与18/24的金的合金。红黄色，硬度大，可用来制作首饰、装饰品。纯铜主成分为铜加银，主要杂质元素有磷、铋、锑、砷 、铁、镍、铅、锡、硫、锌、氧等。它是一种坚韧、柔软、富有延展性的紫红色而有光泽的 金属 。中国纯铜加工材按成分可分为：普通纯铜(T1、T2、T3、T4)、无氧铜（TU1、TU2和高纯、真空无氧铜）、脱氧铜（TUP、TUMn）、添加少量合金元素的特种铜（砷铜、碲铜、银铜）四类。纯铜的颜色因为是紫红色，所以又被称为紫铜、红铜、赤铜。 

氧化镍颜色绿色至黑绿色立方晶系粉末。以下内容是有关氧化镍的具体信息，希望对您有所帮助。主要成分： 纯品 　　外观与性状： 绿色粉末。 　相对密度(水=1)： 6.6-6.8 　　溶解性： 不溶于水，不溶于碱液，溶于酸等。溶于酸和氨水、热过氯酸、热硫酸。 　　主要用途： 用作陶瓷和玻璃的颜料。搪瓷工业用作瓷釉的密着剂和着色剂。陶瓷工业用作色料的原料。磁性材料生产中用作镍锌铁氧体的原料。玻璃工业用作茶色玻璃和显像管玻壳的着色剂。也是制造镍盐及镍催化剂的原料。 　　健康危害： 本品对皮肤的影响在生产中较为常见，主要表现为皮炎或过敏性湿疹。皮疹有强烈的瘙痒，称镍痒症。镍工可患过敏性肺炎、支气管炎、支气管肺炎、肾上腺皮质功能不全等。镍有致癌性。 　　燃爆危险： 本品不燃，有毒，具致敏性。 　　氧化镍的导电性能：不导电，绝缘体 　　日本理化研究所科学家最近发现，氧化镍内部镍元素和氧元素复杂的纠缠状态导致电流难以通过，这一发现解释了70多年来悬而未决的氧化镍不导电之谜。据日本媒体5月19日报道，理化研究所日前发布新闻公报说，按照解释金属内部结构的能带理论，氧化镍应该属于金属。然而，实际检测结果显示，氧化镍是一种绝缘体。虽然这一点早在20世纪30年代就为人所知，但为何这种极常见的物质不符合能带理论一直困扰着科学家。理化研究所科学家借助目前世界上最先进的X射线光电子分光设备，分析了氧化镍内部电子的特征。结果发现，氧化镍中存在一种名为Zhang—Rice束缚态的状态，它可导致电流无法在氧化镍中通过。这种特殊状态是由氧化镍内部镍元素和氧元素复杂的纠缠状态造成的。 　　公报说，Zhang—Rice束缚态是铜氧化物高温超导体产生超导效应的重要原因。日本理化研究所科学家的研究表明，这种束缚态并非铜氧化物高温超导体所特有，它可能普遍存在于“电荷运动型”绝缘体中。 

（二）电工用冷轧硅钢薄板（GB2521-88）  　　用含硅0.8％-4.8％的电工硅钢为材质，经冷轧而成。  　　冷轧硅钢片分晶粒无取向和晶粒取向两种钢带。冷轧电工钢带具有表面平整、厚度均匀、叠装系数高、冲片性好等特点，且比热轧电工钢带磁感高、铁损低。用冷带代替热轧带制造电机或变压器，其重量和体积可减少0％-25％。若用冷轧取向带，性能更佳，用它代替热轧带或低档次冷轧带，可减少变压器电能消耗量45％-50％，且变压器工作性能更可靠。  　　用于制造电机和变压器。通常，晶粒无取向冷轧带用作电机或焊接变压器等的状态；晶粒取向冷轧带用作电源变压器、脉冲变压器和磁放大器等的铁芯。  　　钢板规格尺寸：厚度为0.35、0.50、0.65mm，宽度为800-1000mm，长度为≤2.0m。

氧化铜颜色氧化铜为黑色，可以作为制氢气的氧化剂；氧化亚铜颜色为砖红色，可以作为检验非林反应的检验剂。有时候我们会把氧化亚铜称为“红色氧化铜”，有些陶瓷的釉料里面会加入氧化铜，在瓷器烧制过程中氧化铜被还原成氧化亚铜，于是釉面会呈现出红色，这个可能就是说氧化铜是红色的原因之一。氧化铜是一种棕黑色无定形粉末。密度6．30～6．49g／cm3。熔点l326℃。溶于稀酸、氯化铵、碳酸铵和氰化钾溶液，不溶于水和醇。氨溶液中缓慢溶解。高温下通入氢气或一氧化碳可还原为金属铜。   用于玻璃、搪瓷和陶瓷湖绿色、翠绿色、钛湖色的着色剂。也用于制造染料、催化剂和其它氧化物(如氧化亚铜等)。还用作生产还原黑RB缩合过程中的促进剂，以及油脂脱硫剂，油漆防皱剂。此外也用于人造丝工业。众所周知，铜是少数有颜色的金属之一,纯铜在约700毫微米波长有较高的反射率而呈现橙红。铜极易与其它元素形成合金，不同的合金，不同的元素含量又具有不同的色泽。铜与锌的合金称为黄铜，随着锌含量的增加，黄铜颜色由红变为金黄。铜与铝、锡等元素形成的合金称为青铜，其颜色为黄带绿色泽。铜与镍形成的合金称为白铜，含镍30%的合金是著名的耐蚀白铜,含有锌和镍的锌白铜具有美丽的银白色。各种元素在铜中含量由少变多的时候，其合金颜色沿红黄青白方向变化。 铜及合金具有丰富的色泽，铜的化合物也具有不同的颜色。 

锡青铜颜色是很多人都会关心的问题，因为格影响着锡的价格，下文中就会有这方面的知识。锡青铜是红铜和锡、铅的合金发暗的颜色,其颜色黄偏青,所以又叫锡青铜锡青铜含锡量一般在3～14％之间,主要用于制作弹性元件和耐磨零件。变形锡青铜的含锡量不超过 8％，有时还添加磷、铅、锌等元素。磷是良好的脱氧剂，还能改善流动性和耐磨性。锡青铜中加铅可改善可切削性和耐磨性，加锌可改善铸造性能。这种合金具有较高的力学性能、减磨性能和耐蚀性，易切削加工，钎焊和焊接性能好，收缩系数小，无磁性。可用线材火焰喷涂和电弧喷涂制备青铜衬套、轴套、抗磁元件等涂层。尺寸规格有Ф1.6mm、Ф2.3mm锡青铜是铸造收缩率最小的有色金属合金，用来生产形状复杂、轮廓清晰、气密性要求不高的铸件，锡青铜在大气、海水、淡水和蒸汽中十分耐蚀，广泛用于蒸汽锅炉和海船零件。含磷锡青铜具有良好的力学性能，可用作高精密工作母机的耐磨零件和弹性零件。含铅锡青铜常用作耐磨零件和滑动轴承。含锌锡青铜可作高气密性铸件。含有3％～14％锡的青铜，此外还常常加入磷、锌、铅等元素。是人类应用最早的合金，至今已有约4000年的使用历史。它耐蚀、耐磨，有较好的力学性能和工艺性能，并能很好地焊接和钎焊，冲击时不产生火花。分为加工锡青铜和铸造锡青铜。用于压力加工的锡青铜含锡量低于6％～7％，铸造锡青铜的含锡量为10％～14％。常用牌号有QSn4-3，QSn4.4-2.5，QSn7-O.2，ZQSn10，ZQSn5-2-5，ZQSN6-6-3等。锡青铜是铸造收缩率最小的有色金属合金，可用来生产形状复杂、轮廓清晰、气密性要求不高的铸件。锡青铜在大气、海水、淡水和蒸汽中十分耐蚀，广泛用于蒸汽锅炉和海船零件。含磷锡青铜具有良好的力学性能，可用作高精密工作母机的耐磨零件和弹性零件。含铅锡青铜常用作耐磨零件和滑动轴承。含锌锡青铜可作高气密性铸件。如果你想了解锡青铜颜色等更多关于锡的信息，你可以登陆上海有色网中的锡专区进行查询和访问。

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纯铜什么颜色？    纯铜呈现紫红色。根据铜中杂质的不同以及含量的差别，铜又会呈现多种颜色。    铜与锡的合金叫青铜，因色青而得名。青铜一般具有较好的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性、铸造性和优良的机械性能。用于制造精密轴承、高压轴承、船舶上抗海水腐蚀的机械零件以及各种板材、管材、棒材等。青铜还有一个反常的特性——“热缩冷胀”，用来铸造塑像，冷却后膨胀，可以使眉目更清楚。    黄铜是铜与锌的合金，因色黄而得名。黄铜的机械性能和耐磨性能都很好，可用于制造精密仪器、船舶的零件、枪炮的弹壳等。黄铜敲起来声音好听，因此锣、钹、铃、号等乐器都是用黄铜制做的。    白铜是铜与镍的合金，其色泽和银一样，银光闪闪，不易生锈。常用于制造硬币、电器、仪表和装饰品。    6/24的铜与18/24的金的合金。红黄色，硬度大，可用来制作首饰、装饰品。    在当前信息万变的社会里，纸张消费量很大。纸张表面看来简单，但是造纸工艺却很复杂，需要通过许多步骤，应用很多机器，包括冷却器、蒸发器、打浆器、造纸机等等。其中许多部件，如：各种热交换管、辊轮、打击棒、半液体泵和丝网等，大部分都用钢合金制作。例如，目前采用的长网造纸机，它要将制好的纸浆喷到快速运动的具有细小网孔（ 40～60目）的网布上。网布由黄铜和磷青铜丝编织而成，它的宽度很大，一般在20英尺（6米）以上，要求保持完全平直。网布在一系列小的黄铜或铜辊子上运动，当带着喷附其上的纸浆通过时，湿气从下面空吸出去。网子同时振动以使纸浆中的小纤维粘结在一起。大型造纸机的网布尺寸很大，可以达到宽26英尺8英寸（ 8. l米）和长100英尺（ 3 0. 5米）。湿纸浆不但含水，而且含有造纸过程中使用的化学药剂，腐蚀性很强。为了保证纸张质量，对网布材料要求很严，不但要有高的强度和弹性；而且要抗纸浆腐蚀，铜合金完全可以胜任。以上就是对纯铜什么颜色的解答。 

氧化铜的颜色是黑色，我们平时看到的氧化铜是黑褐色粉末。氧化铜的颜色会随着氧化铜分子中铜含量和氧含量的不同而发生变化。氧化亚铜呈现砖红色，有时候我们看到红色的固体也可能是单质铜，我们把氧化亚铜称为“红色氧化铜”。过氧化铜呈黄褐色。在还原氧化铜的反应中，随着单质铜的生成，氧化铜有黑色变成了红色。氧化铜颜色为黑色，可以作为制氢气的氧化剂；氧化亚铜颜色为砖红色，可以作为检验非林反应的检验剂。 

非发光物体的色彩，是物体反射光在正常人眼里引起的色觉。根据色度学原理，色彩是由红、绿、兰三种原色中两种或三种匹配而成，而白光则由各占三分之一原色光混合而成。物体的色彩与断定的光波长相对应，而物体反射何种波长的光是由物体结构、相的组成、表面情况所决议。众所周知，铜是少量有色彩的金属之一,纯铜在约700毫微米波长有较高的反射率而出现橙红。铜极易与其它元素构成合金，不同的合金，不同的元素含量又具有不同的色泽。铜与锌的合金称为黄铜，跟着锌含量的添加，黄铜色彩由红变为金黄。铜与铝、锡等元素构成的合金称为青铜，其色彩为黄带绿色泽。铜与镍构成的合金称为白铜，含镍30%的合金是闻名的耐蚀白铜,含有锌和镍的锌白铜具有美丽的银白色。各种元素在铜中含量由少变多的时分，其合金色彩沿红黄青白方向改变。 铜及合金具有丰厚的色泽，铜的化合物也具有不同的色彩。铜具有高的正电位，铜不能置换氢，因而在空气、水溶液、非氧化性酸、有机酸和非氧化性有机化合物介质中均有杰出的耐蚀性，特别是在活动的淡水和海水中具有优异的耐蚀功用。铜易被氧化，在室温下铜的氧化能够缓慢的进行，生成氧化亚铜Cu O，呈玫瑰红的色彩。氧化亚铜呈极薄的一层，极端牢固地附着在铜的表面，不易剥离。这层薄膜具有很强的维护效果，损坏后能够敏捷再生。这是铜及合金具有优异耐蚀功用的原因之一。当温度高于250 C时，铜敏捷被氧化,生成氧化铜CuO，呈黑色,它很简单运用酸洗办法除掉。铜制器长时间暴露在空气中，因为大气含有CO 、H O、SO 、H S等，铜的氧化物就会变成复盐，主要是碱式碳酸铜CuCO ·Cu(OH) 和碱式硫酸铜 CuSO ·3Cu(OH) 。这两种复盐呈兰绿色。这种薄膜避免金属持续氧化腐蚀，起到杰出的维护效果。铜制器长时间暴露在大气下，其表面色彩阅历了赤色 红绿色 棕色 兰绿色的改变进程，大约10年之后，其表面就会被众所周知的铜绿所掩盖。铜绿的主要成分为碱式碳酸铜，具有维护效果。这一点不光有金属腐蚀维护理论为根据，也为千百年实践所证明。在出土的很多铜制器中，均为铜绿所掩盖，制器早已锈迹斑斑，有些现已变成氧化物而灰飞烟灭了。因而，室外铜工艺品、铜导线、铜管路、食物贮藏设备等往往不需要予以专门的维护。铜绿不光对铜制品具有维护效果，并且具有美丽的色彩。铜绿的构成办法现已成为一种人工的技能。 铜及其化合物不象某些其它的金属，如铅和那样对人体有毒害效果。铜壶、铜锅和铜制盛水容器等现已用了几千年了。至今没有发现从事与铜或铜化合物有关作业的人染有与铜有关的职业病。相反，经常能够传闻这些人看起来更健康并且不易患感冒和一些其它的疾病。铜不光是动物和植物所有必要的微量元素，并且在铜制品表面各种微生物和细菌不易存活。特别是在海洋条件下，海洋生物不能附着。因而，铜对人类，对环境对错常有利的。这种特殊功用现已广泛的被使用。材料标明,用90-10白铜包覆的船舶因为避免海生物成长，船速能够进步，一起能够省去涂层，简化修理作业量，具有非常宽广的发展远景。因为铜及合金具有杰出的加工功用，传热功用，再生性，在热交换器，空调器中得到了广泛使用。特别是在建筑行业中，铜水管比镀锌钢管更具有杰出的长处。在兴旺国家和地区，民用建筑，热水容器，自来水管，煤气管，暖气和下水道等广泛运用了铜及其合金。英国每个住所均匀用铜量为100-200公斤。日本学者对水道用铜管进行了长时间查询证明：铜水管具有优异的耐蚀性和无毒功用，在未来的人民生活中极具使用远景。.

氧化镍的颜色为绿色至黑绿色立方晶系粉末。以下内容是有关氧化镍的具体信息，希望对您有所帮助。主要成分： 纯品 　　外观与性状： 绿色粉末。 　相对密度(水=1)： 6.6-6.8 　　溶解性： 不溶于水，不溶于碱液，溶于酸等。溶于酸和氨水、热过氯酸、热硫酸。 　　主要用途： 用作陶瓷和玻璃的颜料。搪瓷工业用作瓷釉的密着剂和着色剂。陶瓷工业用作色料的原料。磁性材料生产中用作镍锌铁氧体的原料。玻璃工业用作茶色玻璃和显像管玻壳的着色剂。也是制造镍盐及镍催化剂的原料。 　　健康危害： 本品对皮肤的影响在生产中较为常见，主要表现为皮炎或过敏性湿疹。皮疹有强烈的瘙痒，称镍痒症。镍工可患过敏性肺炎、支气管炎、支气管肺炎、肾上腺皮质功能不全等。镍有致癌性。 　　燃爆危险： 本品不燃，有毒，具致敏性。 　　氧化镍的导电性能：不导电，绝缘体 　　日本理化研究所科学家最近发现，氧化镍内部镍元素和氧元素复杂的纠缠状态导致电流难以通过，这一发现解释了70多年来悬而未决的氧化镍不导电之谜。据日本媒体5月19日报道，理化研究所日前发布新闻公报说，按照解释金属内部结构的能带理论，氧化镍应该属于金属。然而，实际检测结果显示，氧化镍是一种绝缘体。虽然这一点早在20世纪30年代就为人所知，但为何这种极常见的物质不符合能带理论一直困扰着科学家。理化研究所科学家借助目前世界上最先进的X射线光电子分光设备，分析了氧化镍内部电子的特征。结果发现，氧化镍中存在一种名为Zhang—Rice束缚态的状态，它可导致电流无法在氧化镍中通过。这种特殊状态是由氧化镍内部镍元素和氧元素复杂的纠缠状态造成的。 　　公报说，Zhang—Rice束缚态是铜氧化物高温超导体产生超导效应的重要原因。日本理化研究所科学家的研究表明，这种束缚态并非铜氧化物高温超导体所特有，它可能普遍存在于“电荷运动型”绝缘体中。 

锰酸钾的颜色锰酸钾的颜色是呈墨绿色正交晶体，190℃时分解，其水溶液呈绿色。在酸性溶液中以分解，在碱性溶液中则稳定。有氧化作用。 主要用于制高锰酸钾，精制油类，供作氧化剂、消毒剂、媒染剂等。由熔融氢氧化钾或碳酸钾与二氧化锰作用而制的。酸钾的化学性质，在强碱性溶液（pH大于13.5）中稳定，MnO?2-的绿色可长期保持 ，在酸性或中性的环境下，MnO?2-会发生歧化反应，生成MnO?-和MnO? ：3K?MnO?+ 2CO?====2KMnO?+ MnO?↓+ 2K?CO?。锰酸钾对环境的影响:1、健康危害 　　侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 　　健康危害：具有强氧化性。与还原剂、有机物、易燃物如硫、磷或 金属 粉末等混合可形成爆炸性混合物。 　　2、毒理学资料及环境行为 　　危险特性：具有强氧化性。与有机物、还原剂、易燃物如硫、磷或 金属 粉末等混合可形成爆炸性混合物。 　　燃烧(分解)产物：氧化钾、氧化锰。 　　3.现场应急监测方法: 　　4.实验室监测方法: 　　原子吸收法 　　5.环境标准: 　　中国(TJ336-79)车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 0.2mg/m3[MnO?] 　　6.应急处理处置方法: 　　（1）、泄漏应急处理 　　隔离泄漏污染区，周围设警告标志，建议应急处理人员戴好防毒面具，穿化学防护服。 不要直接接触泄漏物，勿使泄漏物与可燃物质(木材、纸、油等)接触，避免扬尘，小心扫起，转移到安全场所。也可以用大量水冲洗，经稀释的洗水放入系统。如果大量泄漏，收集回收或无害处理后废弃。 　　（2）、防护措施 　　呼吸系统防护：作业工人应戴口罩。 　　眼睛防护：可采用安全面罩。 　　身体防护：穿相应的防护服。 　　手防护：必要时戴防护手套。 　　其它：工作后，淋浴更衣。保持良好的卫生习惯。 　　（3）、急救措施 　　皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，用大量流动清水彻底冲洗。 　　眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟。就医。 　　吸入：脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。 　　食入：误服者立即漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。就医。 　　（4）灭火方法：雾状水、砂土。

氧化镍 颜色为绿色至黑绿色立方晶系粉末。以下内容是有关氧化镍的具体信息，希望对您有所帮助。主要成分： 纯品 　　外观与性状： 绿色粉末。 　相对密度(水=1)： 6.6-6.8 　　溶解性： 不溶于水，不溶于碱液，溶于酸等。溶于酸和氨水、热过氯酸、热硫酸。 　　主要用途： 用作陶瓷和玻璃的颜料。搪瓷工业用作瓷釉的密着剂和着色剂。陶瓷工业用作色料的原料。磁性材料生产中用作镍锌铁氧体的原料。玻璃工业用作茶色玻璃和显像管玻壳的着色剂。也是制造镍盐及镍催化剂的原料。 　　健康危害： 本品对皮肤的影响在生产中较为常见，主要表现为皮炎或过敏性湿疹。皮疹有强烈的瘙痒，称镍痒症。镍工可患过敏性肺炎、支气管炎、支气管肺炎、肾上腺皮质功能不全等。镍有致癌性。 　　燃爆危险： 本品不燃，有毒，具致敏性。 　　氧化镍的导电性能：不导电，绝缘体 　　日本理化研究所科学家最近发现，氧化镍内部镍元素和氧元素复杂的纠缠状态导致电流难以通过，这一发现解释了70多年来悬而未决的氧化镍不导电之谜。据日本媒体5月19日报道，理化研究所日前发布新闻公报说，按照解释金属内部结构的能带理论，氧化镍应该属于金属。然而，实际检测结果显示，氧化镍是一种绝缘体。虽然这一点早在20世纪30年代就为人所知，但为何这种极常见的物质不符合能带理论一直困扰着科学家。理化研究所科学家借助目前世界上最先进的X射线光电子分光设备，分析了氧化镍内部电子的特征。结果发现，氧化镍中存在一种名为Zhang—Rice束缚态的状态，它可导致电流无法在氧化镍中通过。这种特殊状态是由氧化镍内部镍元素和氧元素复杂的纠缠状态造成的。 　　公报说，Zhang—Rice束缚态是铜氧化物高温超导体产生超导效应的重要原因。日本理化研究所科学家的研究表明，这种束缚态并非铜氧化物高温超导体所特有，它可能普遍存在于“电荷运动型”绝缘体中。